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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0114.v1

Quantum Non-Locality and the CMB: what Experiments say

Maurizio Consoli, Alessandro Pluchino, Paola Zizzi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantum Non-Locality; Cosmic Microwave Background; Ether Drift Experiments

Online: 7 July 2022 (07:44:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0525.v3

Nonlinear Generalisation of Quantum Mechanics

Alireza Jamali

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum mechanics; foundations of quantum mechanics; nonlinear equation; nonlinear quantum mechanics; nonlinear schrödinger equation

Online: 1 July 2022 (10:49:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0073.v1

Bayesian Inference of Phenomenologycal EoS of Neutron Stars with Recent Observations

Emanuel Chimanski, Ronaldo Lobato, Andre Goncalves, Carlos Bertulani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Bayesian Inference; MCMC; Equation of State; Heteroscedastic; Neutron Star; Astrophysics

Online: 6 May 2022 (10:23:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0280.v2

The Multi-Level Model for Quarks and Leptons as the Symbiosis of Segal’s Chronometry with the Standard Model

Alexander Levichev, Andrey Palyanov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Standard and Multi-Level Models; Wigner-Segal method; quark matter; generations of quarks and leptons; chronometric proton’s wave function; proton shape

Online: 20 April 2022 (09:10:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0359.v2

On the Emergence of Spacetime and Matter from Model Sets

Marcelo Amaral, Fang Fang, Raymond Aschheim, Klee Irwin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantum Gravity; Problem of Time; Particle Physics; Emergence; Holographic Principle; Model Sets

Online: 23 March 2022 (09:26:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0026.v1

Physical Properties of Elementary Particles, Photon Space and Quantum Wave Functions

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Tc symmetry; CTP symmetry; Photon space; Elementary particles; Quantum wave functions; Modified Lorenz transformations; Left-handed neutrinos; Right-handed dark matters

Online: 1 March 2022 (15:01:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0340.v2

Spin g Factors and Neutrino Magnetic Moment of Elementary Fermions

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Anomalous spin g factor; Lepton charge (LC); Neutrino magnetic moment; Weak force decay; EC and LC partial masses; Three-dimensional quantized space model (TQSM)

Online: 1 March 2022 (11:25:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0280.v1

The Multi-Level Model for Quarks and Leptons as the Symbiosis of Segal’s Chronometry with the Standard Model

Alexander Levichev, Andrey Palyanov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Standard and Multi-Level Models; Wigner-Segal method; quark matter; generations of quarks and leptons; chronometric proton’s wave function; proton shape

Online: 22 February 2022 (16:01:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0071.v1

Testing A Conjecture On Quantum Electrodynamics

Christoph Schiller

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum electrodynamics; electron mass; fine structure constant; strand conjecture; tangle model.

Online: 4 February 2022 (10:50:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0147.v4

The Impact of the Quark’s Monopole Properties on the Unification of the Fundamental Physical Forces

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Grand Unification; Magnetic Monopole; Pseudo-tachyon; Higgs Field

Online: 27 January 2022 (11:32:31 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0276.v1

Design of an Advanced Plasmonic Sensor (Consisting of a Quadrilateral Cavity, Three Rings With Different Dimensions and Two Waveguides) Using Refractive Index Change

Hamid Abbasi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: plasmonics; Surface plasmon polaritons; Metal-Insulator Metal; refractive index sensor.

Online: 19 January 2022 (14:26:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0076.v5

The Spin-Spin Interaction Mechanism between Quarks and Its Impact on the Mass Spectrum of Mesons

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quarks; spin-spin interaction; hadronization limit; topquark; eta-etaprime puzzle; mass spectrum

Online: 17 January 2022 (15:49:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0066.v1

Symmetries of Thirring Models on 3D Lattices

Andreas Wilhelm Wipf, Julian Johannes Lenz

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Model field theory; chiral symmetry breakin; parity breaking; dynamical fermions; four-Fermi theories; Thirring models

Online: 6 January 2022 (10:20:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0340.v1

Spin g Factors and Neutrino Magnetic Moment of Elementary Fermions

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Anomalous spin g factor; Lepton charge (LC); Neutrino magnetic moment; Weak force decay; EC and LC partial masses; Three-dimensional quantized space model (TQSM).

Online: 21 December 2021 (13:49:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0501.v1

Recovery of Global Symmetries in a 't Hooftian Universe

Alexandre Furtado Neto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: cellular automaton; nonlocality; emerging gravity; unification; cardinality

Online: 26 November 2021 (10:50:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0459.v1

Unification through Generalised Proper Time: The Elementary Construction of the Theory

David Jackson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Unification; extra dimensions; causal sets; proper time; Standard Model; dark sector; quantum gravity

Online: 24 November 2021 (13:11:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0431.v1

Dark Energy of the Photon Space, Inflation of the Charged Black Holes and Universe Evolution

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Dark energy; Photon flat space; Charged black holes; Big bang and inflation; Universe evolution; Vacuum energy crisis; Hubble’s constant puzzle; 4-D Euclidean space

Online: 23 November 2021 (15:04:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0359.v1

On the Emergence of Spacetime and Matter from Model Sets

Marcelo Amaral, Fang Fang, Raymond Aschheim, Klee Irwin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantum Gravity; Problem of Time; Particle Physics; Emergence; Holographic Principle; Model Sets

Online: 19 November 2021 (14:32:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0054.v3

General Canonical Quantum Gravity Theory and that of the Universe and General Black Hole

C. Huang, Yong-Chang Huang, Xinfei Li

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: general relativity; Lagrangian; operators; quantum gravity; canonical quantization; commutation relation; general black hole

Online: 18 November 2021 (13:45:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0115.v1

A Topological Approach to Shrinking Higher Dimensions of Space to Observable Space-Time: Can the Dimensional Anisotropy of Space Satisfy Mach’s Principle?

Eva Deli, James F. Peters

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Mach's principle; GR; Borsuk-Ulam theorem; topology; Page and Wootters mechanism; dimensional anisotropy

Online: 5 November 2021 (10:58:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0525.v2

Nonlinear Generalisation of Quantum Mechanics

Alireza Jamali

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum mechanics; foundations of quantum mechanics; nonlinear equation; nonlinear quantum mechanics; nonlinear schrödinger equation

Online: 14 October 2021 (15:11:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0395.v2

Asymptotic Freedom, Quark Confinement, Proton Spin Crisis, Neutron Structure, Dark Matters, and Relative force strengths

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quark confinement; Asymptotic freedom; Relative force strength; Dark matters; Proton crisis; Deep inelastic scattering; Neutron structure; Two lepton system

Online: 13 October 2021 (10:31:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0467.v2

Unified Explanation of Big Bang, Inflation, Charged Black Hole Decay, Galaxy Formation, Proton Spin Crisis and Elementary Particle Masses

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Elementary particles; Galaxy structures; Charged black hole decay; Big bang and inflation; Super-massive black holes; Coulomb forces; Proton spin crisis; Dark matters; 4-D Euclidean space.

Online: 11 October 2021 (11:46:24 CEST)

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Space-time evolution is briefly explained by using the 3-dimensional quantized space model (TQSM) based on the 4-dimensional (4-D) Euclidean space. The energy (E=cDtDV), charges (|q|= cDt) and absolute time (ct) are newly defined based on the 4-D Euclidean space. The big bang is understood by the space-time evolution of the 4-D Euclidean space but not by the sudden 4-D Minkowski space-time creation. The big bang process created the matter universe with the positive energy and the partner anti-matter universe with the negative energy from the CPT symmetry. Our universe is the matter universe with the negative charges of electric charge (EC), lepton charge (LC) and color charge (CC). This first universe is made of three dark matter -, lepton -, and quark - primary black holes with the huge negative charges which cause the Coulomb repulsive forces much bigger than the gravitational forces. The huge Coulomb forces induce the inflation of the primary black holes, that decay to the super-massive black holes. The dark matter super-massive black holes surrounded by the normal matters and dark matters make the galaxies and galaxy clusters. The spiral arms of galaxies are closely related to the decay of the 3-D charged normal matter black holes to the 1-D charged normal matter black holes. The elementary leptons and quarks are created by the decay of the normal matter charged black holes, that is caused by the Coulomb forces much stronger than the gravitational forces. The Coulomb forces are very weak with the very small Coulomb constants (k₁(EC) = k_dd(EC) ) for the dark matters and very strong with the very big Coulomb constants (k₂(EC) = k_nn(EC)) for the normal matters because of the non-communication of the photons between the dark matters and normal matters. The photons are charge dependent and mass independent. But the dark matters and normal matters have the similar and very weak gravitational forces because of the communication of the gravitons between the dark matters and normal matters. The gravitons are charge independent and mass dependent. Note that the three kinds of charges (EC, LC and CC) and one kind of mass (m) exist in our matter universe. The dark matters, leptons and quarks have the charge configurations of (EC), (EC,LC) and (EC,LC,CC), respectively. Partial masses of elementary fermions are calculated, and the proton spin crisis is explained. The charged black holes are not the singularities.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0147.v3

The Impact of the Quark’s Monopole Properties on the Unification of the Fundamental Physical Forces

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Grand Unification; Magnetic Monopole; Pseudo-tachyon; Higgs Field

Online: 8 October 2021 (09:06:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0512.v1

The Dark Sector and the Standard Model from a Local Generalisation of Extra Dimensions

David Jackson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Standard Model; dark matter; dark energy; unification; extra dimensions

Online: 30 September 2021 (12:25:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0467.v1

Unified Explanation of Big Bang, Inflation, Charged Black Hole Decay, Galaxy Formation, Proton Spin Crisis and Elementary Particle Masses

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Elementary particles; Galaxy structures; Charged black hole decay; Big bang and inflation; Super-massive black holes; Coulomb forces; Proton spin crisis; Universe evolution; 4-D Euclidean space.

Online: 28 September 2021 (11:26:45 CEST)

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Space-time evolution is briefly explained by using the 3-dimensional quantized space model (TQSM) based on the 4-dimensional (4-D) Euclidean space. The energy (E=cDtDV), charges (|q|= cDt) and absolute time (ct) are newly defined based on the 4-D Euclidean space. The big bang is understood by the space-time evolution of the 4-D Euclidean space but not by the sudden 4-D Minkowski space-time creation. The big bang process created the matter universe with the positive energy and the partner anti-matter universe with the negative energy from the CPT symmetry. Our universe is the matter universe with the negative charges of electric charge (EC), lepton charge (LC) and color charge (CC). This first universe is made of three dark matter -, lepton -, and quark - primary black holes with the huge negative charges which cause the Coulomb repulsive forces much bigger than the gravitational forces. The huge Coulomb forces induce the inflation of the primary black holes, that decay to the super-massive black holes. The dark matter super-massive black holes surrounded by the normal matters and dark matters make the galaxies and galaxy clusters. The spiral arms of galaxies are closely related to the decay of the 3-D charged normal matter black holes to the 1-D charged normal matter black holes. The elementary leptons and quarks are created by the decay of the normal matter charged black holes, that is caused by the Coulomb forces much stronger than the gravitational forces. The Coulomb forces are very weak with the very small Coulomb constants (k₁(EC) = k_dd(EC) ) for the dark matters and very strong with the very big Coulomb constants (k₂(EC) = k_nn(EC)) for the normal matters because of the non-communication of the photons between the dark matters and normal matters. The photons are charge dependent and mass independent. But the dark matters and normal matters have the similar and very weak gravitational forces because of the communication of the gravitons between the dark matters and normal matters. The gravitons are charge independent and mass dependent. Note that the three kinds of charges (EC, LC and CC) and one kind of mass (m) exist in our matter universe. The dark matters, leptons and quarks have the charge configurations of (EC), (EC,LC) and (EC,LC,CC), respectively. Partial masses of elementary fermions are calculated, and the proton spin crisis is explained. The charged black holes are not the singularities.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0462.v1

Renormalizable and Unitary Lorentz Invariant Model of Quantum Gravity

S. A. Larin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: modified theories of gravity; renormalizability; unitarity; astrophysical and cosmological scales

Online: 28 September 2021 (10:39:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0083.v1

Is the Higgs Field a Positive and Negative Mass Planckion Condensate, and Does the LHC Produce Extreme Dark Energy?

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Winterberg Model; Quantum Vacuum; Higgs Condensate/Composite Model; Two-Component Superfluid/Supersolid Model for the Vacuum; Positive/Negative Planckion Mass, Q-Theory; Non- Linear Heisenberg Spinor Theory; LHC Energies, Dark Energy; Lattice Substructure for Space

Online: 6 September 2021 (10:38:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0543.v1

Connection Between Maxwell's Equations and the Dirac Equation

Golden Gadzirayi Nyambuya

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Dirac equation; Maxwell's equation; Proca theory

Online: 30 August 2021 (12:17:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0525.v1

Nonlinear Generalisation of Quantum Mechanics

Alireza Jamali

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum mechanics; foundations of quantum mechanics; nonlinear equation; nonlinear quantum mechanics; nonlinear schrödinger equation

Online: 27 August 2021 (14:03:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0147.v2

The Impact of the Quark’s Monopole Properties on the Unification of the Fundamental Physical Forces

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Grand Unification; Magnetic Monopole; Pseudo-tachyon; Higgs Field

Online: 18 August 2021 (10:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0252.v1

Spacetime Quantization Illustrates General Relativity and Quantum Theory

Yazeed Alharbi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantum Gravity

Online: 11 August 2021 (10:57:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0275.v3

On the Second Dipole Moment of Dirac’s Particle

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: anomalous electric dipole moment; isospin; gravitational Dirac particle

Online: 26 July 2021 (12:07:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0054.v2

Solutions to the Puzzles of Quantum Gravity and General Theory of Quantum Gravity and Quantum Gravity of the Universe and General Black Hole

C. Huang, Yong-Chang Huang, Xinfei Li

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: general relativity, Lagrangian, operators, quantum gravity, the universe, general black hole

Online: 8 July 2021 (13:17:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0275.v2

On the Second Dipole Moment of Dirac’s Particle

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: anomalous electric dipole moment; isospin; gravitational Dirac particle

Online: 8 July 2021 (13:16:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0054.v1

Solutions to the Puzzles of Quantum Gravity and General Theory of Quantum Gravity

C. Huang, Yong-Chang Huang, Xinfei Li

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: general relativity, Lagrangian, operators, quantum gravity,

Online: 2 July 2021 (14:05:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0474.v3

The Characteristic Equation of the Exceptional Jordan Algebra: Its Eigenvalues, and Their Possible Connection with the Mass Ratios of Quarks and Leptons

Tejinder Pal Singh

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Trace dynamics; Exceptional Jordan algebra; Octonions; Fine structure constant; Standard model; Mass ratios

Online: 17 June 2021 (09:33:35 CEST)

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We have recently proposed a pre-quantum, pre-space-time theory as a matrix-valued Lagrangian dynamics on an octonionic space-time. This pre-theory offers the prospect of unifying the internal symmetries of the standard model with gravity. It can also predict the values of free parameters of the standard model, because these parameters arising in the Lagrangian are related to the algebra of the octonions which define the underlying non-commutative space-time on which the dynamical degrees of freedom evolve. These free parameters are related to the algebra $J_3(\mathbb O)$ [exceptional Jordan algebra] which in turn is related to the three fermion generations. The exceptional Jordan algebra [also known as the Albert algebra] is the finite dimensional algebra of 3x3 Hermitean matrices with octonionic entries. Its automorphism group is the exceptional Lie group $F_4$. These matrices admit a cubic characteristic equation whose eigenvalues are real and depend on the invariant trace, determinant, and an inner product made from the Jordan matrix. Also, there is some evidence in the literature that the group $F_4$ could play a role in the unification of the standard model symmetries, including the Lorentz symmetry. The octonion algebra is known to correctly yield the electric charge values (0, 1/3, 2/3, 1) for standard model fermions, via the eigenvalues of a $U(1)$ number operator, identified with $U(1)_{em}$. In the present article, we use the same octonionic representation of the fermions to compute the eigenvalues of the characteristic equation of the Albert algebra, and compare the resulting eigenvalues with the known mass ratios for quarks and leptons. We find that the ratios of the eigenvalues correctly reproduce the [square root of the] known mass ratios for up, charm and top quark. We also propose a diagrammatic representation of the standard model bosons, Higgs and three fermion generations, in terms of the octonions, exhibiting an $F_4$ symmetry. We motivate from our Lagrangian as to why the eigenvalues computed in this work could bear a relation with mass ratios of quarks and leptons. In conjunction with the trace dynamics Lagrangian, the Jordan eigenvalues also provide a first principles theoretical derivation of the low energy value of the fine structure constant, yielding the value $1/137.04006$. The Karolyhazy correction to this value gives an exact match with the measured value of the constant, after assuming a specific value for the electro-weak symmetry breaking energy scale.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0745.v1

Theoretical Investigation of Subluminal Particles Endowed with Imaginary Mass

Luca Nanni

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: tachyons; Klein-Gordon equation; tachyon-like Dirac equation; relativistic wave packet

Online: 31 May 2021 (11:22:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0676.v1

Unified Charge Vectors (UCV) Theory

Noam Why

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: grand antifiction

Online: 27 May 2021 (14:03:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0716.v1

Elementary Charge and Electron: One Entity Two Identities

Misheck Kirimi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Charge, electricity, electron, electrodynamics, electrostatics, elementary charge

Online: 27 April 2021 (12:39:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0457.v3

The Mass-gap in Quantum Chromodynamics and a Restriction on Gluon Masses

S. A. Larin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantum Chromodynamics; gluon masses; renormalizability

Online: 27 April 2021 (12:37:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0391.v2

Origins of Stellar Mass Neutron Black Holes, Supermassive Dark Matter Black Holes and Universe Evolution

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Neutron black holes; dark matter black holes; black hole mass gap; universe evolution

Online: 18 March 2021 (10:52:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0758.v4

The Dirac Electron Consistent with Proper Gravitational and Electromagnetic Field of the Kerr-Newman Solution

Alexander Burinskii

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Kerr-Newman black hole; Compton scale; Dirac equations, fermionic string; frame dragging; Wilson loop; Heisenberg picture; Schrodinger picture; Kerr-Schild coordinates

Online: 15 March 2021 (16:10:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0391.v1

Origins of Stellar Mass Neutron Black Holes, Supermassive Dark Matter Black Holes and Universe Evolution

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Neutron black holes; dark matter black holes; black hole mass gap; universe evolution

Online: 15 March 2021 (13:46:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0076.v4

The Spin-Spin Interaction Mechanism between Quarks and Its Impact on the Mass Spectrum of Mesons

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quarks; spin-spin interaction; hadronization limit; topquark; eta-etaprime puzzle; mass spectrum

Online: 15 March 2021 (13:05:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0564.v2

Non-Integrable Dynamics and Physics Beyond the Standard Model

Ervin Goldfain

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Non-integrability; Poincaré resonances; fractional dynamics; Haag’s theorem; interacting Quantum Field Theory; Beyond-the-Standard-Model physics

Online: 26 February 2021 (12:15:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0395.v1

Asymptotic Freedom, Quark Confinement, Proton Spin Crisis, Neutron Structure, Dark Matters, and Relative force strengths

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quark confinement; Asymptotic freedom; Relative force strength; Dark matters; Proton crisis; Deep inelastic scattering; Neutron structure; Two lepton system

Online: 17 February 2021 (13:32:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0392.v1

Origins of the Time, Mass, Energy, Wave Function, Electric Charges, and Magnetic Monopoles

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantized magnetic monopoles; origins of the physical constants; Photon space fluctuations; 3-D quantized space model; 4-D Euclidean space

Online: 17 February 2021 (13:07:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0758.v3

The Dirac Electron Consistent with Proper Gravitational and Electromagnetic Field of the Kerr-Newman Solution

Alexander Burinskii

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Kerr-Newman black hole; Compton scale; Dirac equations, fermionic string; frame dragging; Wilson loop; Heisenberg picture; Schrodinger picture; Kerr-Schild coordinates

Online: 17 February 2021 (11:00:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0562.v1

On the Evaluation of Vacuum Energy Density in Quantum Field Theory

Ervin Goldfain

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: zero-point energy density; vacuum energy density; Standard Model parameters; mass spectrum; Renormalization Group flow; Higgs mechanism; cosmological constant problem

Online: 27 January 2021 (13:11:39 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0533.v1

A Standard Model Neutrino Oscillation

Robert B. Hayes

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: neutrino; standard model; entanglement; flavor conservation

Online: 26 January 2021 (11:25:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0076.v3

Unification of the Electromagnetic Force and Gravity through the Composite Photon

Ian Clague

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Unification; Composite Photon; Negative Mass; Antimatter; Grand Unification Theory, Dark Energy, Dark Matter

Online: 11 January 2021 (12:40:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0076.v2

Unification of the Electromagnetic Force and Gravity through the Composite Photon

Ian Clague

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Unification; Composite Photon; Negative Mass; Antimatter; Grand Unification Theory

Online: 6 January 2021 (10:28:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0702.v1

Self-Organized Criticality and Standard Model Parameters

Ervin Goldfain

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: standard model; fermion mass hierarchy; mixing matrices; nonlinear dynamics and chaos; bifurcations; Feigenbaum’s universality

Online: 27 November 2020 (20:17:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0457.v2

The Mass-gap in Quantum Chromodynamics and a Restriction on Gluon Masses

S. A. Larin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantum Chromodynamics; gluon masses; renormalizability

Online: 19 November 2020 (10:54:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0469.v1

Cabibbo Angle from the Nonlinear Dynamics of Quark Currents

Ervin Goldfain

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Cabibbo angle; fermion mixing; charged current interactions; nonlinear dynamics and chaos; complex dynamics; Feigenbaum’s constant

Online: 18 November 2020 (11:05:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0376.v1

Three Generations and Fermion Chirality from Universal Bifurcations

Ervin Goldfain

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Standard Model, fermion generations, chiral symmetry breaking, Feigenbaum route to chaos, dissipative maps, period-doubling bifurcations.

Online: 13 November 2020 (12:39:42 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Complex Dynamics and Foundational Physics

Ervin Goldfain

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Complex Dynamics; Ginzburg-Landau (GL) equation; Chaos and Bifurcations; Multifractals; Self-organized Criticality (SOC); Minimal Fractal Manifold; Fractional Field Theory

Online: 9 November 2020 (08:38:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0315.v1

The Non-Metric Solution to Graviton as Goldstone Boson

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: graviton; goldstone theorem; gravitation

Online: 15 October 2020 (09:00:48 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Energy Vector and Time Vector in the Dirac Theory

Christian Rakotonirina

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Tunnelling time; helicity; time dilation; Dirac equation; superluminal velocity

Online: 5 October 2020 (11:07:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0409.v5

Revisiting Constraints of Fourth-Generation Quarks and Leptons

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Beyond the Standard Model; Fourth Generation Particles; Lepton Sector; Quarks Sector

Online: 21 September 2020 (03:31:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0218.v1

Supersymmetric Mirror Models and Dimensional Evolution of Spacetime

Wanpeng Tan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: mirror matter theory; supersymmetry; big bang; unification theory; spacetime

Online: 10 September 2020 (04:40:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0726.v1

Big Bang Process, Magnetic Monopoles and Super Unification Theory of All Forces Using the GEM Wave

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Big bang; Super unification theory; 4-D Euclidean space; CPT symmetric universe; Origins of the energy (mass); charge and time; Magnetic monopoles

Online: 31 August 2020 (16:28:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0409.v4

Revisiting Constraints of Fourth-Generation Quarks and Leptons

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Beyond the Standard Model; Fourth Generation Particles; Lepton Sector; Quarks Sector

Online: 28 August 2020 (09:55:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0317.v1

Psuedo-Scalar Current and Weak Type Interaction in Fourth Generation Quarks Models

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: beyond the standard model; gauge sector

Online: 14 August 2020 (09:46:55 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0191.v1

Symmetrical Current and Massive Gauge Bosons in Standard Model 4

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: beyond the standard model; gauge sector

Online: 7 August 2020 (11:34:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0409.v3

Revisiting Constraints of Fourth-Generation Quarks and Leptons

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Beyond the Standard Model; Fourth Generation Particles; Lepton Sector; Quarks Sector

Online: 7 August 2020 (06:50:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0732.v1

On the Compactification and Reformation of String Theory with Three Large Atomic Gravitational Constants

Satya Seshavatharam U.V, Lakshminarayana S

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: String theory; Three atomic gravitational constants; 3+1 dimensions; 4G model of final unification; Microscopic Quantum Gravity;

Online: 31 July 2020 (05:17:14 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Quantum Information Hidden in Quantum Fields

Paola Zizzi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum field theory; quantum information; quantum geometry

Online: 21 July 2020 (12:31:33 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Energy Vector and Time Vector in the Dirac Theory

Christian Rakotonirina

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Tunnelling time; helicity; time dilation; Dirac equation; superluminal velocity

Online: 21 July 2020 (03:16:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0462.v1

Unified Field Theory for Electromagnetic and Gravity Fields with the Introduction of Quantized Space–Time and Zero-Point Energy

Shinichi Ishiguri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: unified field theory; zero-point energy; quantized space–time; quantized Einstein’s gravity equation; conservation of angular momentum in terms of quantized space–times

Online: 20 July 2020 (08:48:03 CEST)

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In our previous papers [1,3], using only the concepts of the zero-point energy and quantized space–times, all the fields including gravity were explained. However, the previous papers had the following limitations: First, the concept of the quantized space-time must be experimentally confirmed. Second, we should clarify the meaning of the quantized Einstein’s gravity equation, which is derived in [1]. Moreover, in another paper [2], we succeeded in describing the neutrinos’ self-energy and their oscillations. However, this paper assumes the rest energy of 3-leptons in advance, which is why we needed to uncover the reason why leptons have 3-generations. As mentioned, using the concepts of the zero-point energy and quantized space–times, we derived the quantized Einstein’s gravity equation in our previous paper [1]. The paper provides an analytical solution of this equalized Einstein’s equation, which implies the conservation of angular momentum in terms of quantized space–times. Employing this solution and without the standard big bang model, a unique form of acceleration equation for the acceleration-expansion universe is derived. Moreover, the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) emission is also obtained. Further, this solution results in an analytical (not numerical) derivation of the gravity wave. Moreover, based on the configuration of quantized space–times in terms of both electric and magnetic fields, we analytically attempted to calculate every equation in terms of electromagnetic and gravity fields, using the solution of the quantized Einstein’s gravity equation. As a result of this theory, first the calculated acceleration and temperature of CMB emission agree with the measurements. Furthermore, the analytical solution of the quantized Einstein’s gravity equation resulted in all the laws of electromagnetic and gravity fields in addition to the analytically derived gravity wave, which agrees well with the recent measurements. Moreover, the calculations of the energies in the basic configuration of the quantized space–times resulted in all 3-leptons’ rest energies. Considering this basic configuration is uniformly distributed everywhere in the universe, we can conclude that τ-particles or static magnetic field energy derived from the basic configuration of the quantized space–times is the identity of dark energy, which also distributes uniformly in the universe.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0304.v1

On the Quark Scaling Theorem and the Polarisable Dipole of the Quark in a Scalar Field

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: polarisable Dirac dipole; quark scaling; hadron mass spectrum; Z boson; Higgs boson

Online: 24 June 2020 (18:01:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0409.v2

Revisiting Constraints of Fourth-Generation Quarks and Leptons

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Beyond the Standard Model; Fourth Generation Particles; Lepton Sector; Quarks Sector

Online: 7 June 2020 (17:57:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0457.v1

The Mass-gap in Quantum Chromodynamics and a Restriction on Gluon Masses

S. A. Larin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Quantum Chromodynamics; gluon masses; renormalizability

Online: 28 May 2020 (11:40:08 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0409.v1

Revisiting Constraints of Fourth-Generation Quarks and Leptons

Aayush Verma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Beyond the Standard Model; Fourth Generation Particles; Lepton Sector; Quarks Sector

Online: 25 May 2020 (11:03:06 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Informationally Complete Characters for Quark and Lepton Mixings

Michel Planat, Raymond Aschheim, Marcelo M. Amaral, Klee Irwin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: informationally complete characters; quark and lepton mixings; CP violation; Pauli groups

Online: 19 May 2020 (04:25:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0004.v2

A New Spacetime Symmetry

Keith A. Fredericks

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: monopoles; tachyons; elliptic orbits; photographic emulsion; detection; Coulomb’s law; Kepler orbits; hydrogen

Online: 7 April 2020 (04:18:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0275.v1

On the Second Dipole Moment of Dirac’s Particle

Engel Roza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: anomalous electric dipole moment; isospin; gravitational Dirac particle

Online: 19 February 2020 (10:59:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0020.v2

4G Model of Final Unification - A Very Brief Report

U. V. S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: four gravitational constants; strong nuclear charge; electroweak fermion; Hadron mass generator; super symmetry

Online: 21 January 2020 (03:30:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0020.v1

4G Model of Final Unification - A Very Brief Report

U. V. S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: four gravitational constants; strong nuclear charge; electroweak fermion; Hadron mass generator; super symmetry

Online: 2 January 2020 (15:11:26 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0003.v1

Present and Future Contributions of Reactor Experiments to Mass Ordering and Neutrino Oscillation Studies

Vito Antonelli, Lino Miramonti, Gioacchino Ranucci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: reactor antineutrino experiments; neutrino oscillations; neutrino mass ordering; JUNO experiment

Online: 2 January 2020 (02:36:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0391.v1

4G Model of Fractional Charge Strong-Weak Super Symmetry

U.V.S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: four gravitational constants; super symmetry; strong charge; strong coupling constant; quark fermions; quark bosons; fluons; bluons; baryons; mesons

Online: 30 December 2019 (04:15:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0231.v2

Is Reduced Planck’s Constant- An Outcome of Electroweak Gravity?

U.V.S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: four gravitational constants; electroweak fermion; reduced Planck’s constant; stellar mass limits; 3.5 keV photon; neutron life time

Online: 22 December 2019 (14:23:52 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Is Reduced Planck’s Constant- An Outcome of Electroweak Gravity?

U.V.S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: four gravitational constants; electroweak fermion; reduced Planck’s constant; stellar mass limits; 3.5 keV photon

Online: 17 December 2019 (11:02:26 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Fakeons, Quantum Gravity and the Correspondence Principle

Damiano Anselmi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: classicization; correspondence principle; fakeons; philosophy of science; quantization; quantum gravity

Online: 27 November 2019 (03:17:49 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

On the nature of the Higgs boson

Damiano Anselmi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Higgs boson, Fakeons, Quantization, Particle accelerators, Standard Model

Online: 26 November 2019 (11:41:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0241.v1

Influence of Fermions on Vortices in SU(2)-QCD

Nikita Astrakhantsev, Manfried Faber, Rudolf Golubich, Andrey Kotov, Aleksandr Nikolaev

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum chromodynamics; confinement; center vortex model; influence of fermions

Online: 20 November 2019 (15:43:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0240.v1

Improving Center Vortex Detection by Usage of Center Regions as Guidance for the Direct Maximal Center Gauge

Rudolf Golubich, Manfried Faber

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum chromodynamics; confinement; center vortex model; string tension; gribov copy problem

Online: 20 November 2019 (15:39:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0181.v2

Elliptical Tracks: Evidence for Superluminal Electrons?

Keith Fredericks

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: particle tracks; monopoles; tachyons; superluminal; faster-than-light, elliptical orbits, photographic emulsion; Kepler orbits; LENR; strange radiation

Online: 3 November 2019 (15:18:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0004.v1

A New Spacetime Symmetry

Keith A. Fredericks

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: monopoles; tachyons; elliptical orbits; photographic emulsion; detection; Coulomb’s law; Kepler orbits; hydrogen

Online: 1 November 2019 (09:28:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0101.v1

Gravitational Fluctuations as an Alternative to Inflation II. CMB Angular Power Spectrum

Herbert W. Hamber, Lu Heng Sunny Yu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum cosmology; quantum gravity; inflationary cosmology

Online: 9 October 2019 (10:41:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0080.v1

Theory on Neutrino Self-Energy and Neutrino Oscillation with Consideration of Superconducting Energy Gap and Fermi’s Golden Rule

Shinichi Ishiguri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: neutrino; neutrino’s flavor; neutrino oscillation; many-body interactions; superconducting energy gap; a quantized space-time; zero-point energy; lepton; Fermi’s golden rule; mass gap

Online: 8 October 2019 (08:47:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0132.v1

Quantum-Gravitational Trans-Planckian Energy of a Time-Dependent Black Hole

A. J. Nurmagambetov, I. Y. Park

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: quantum gravity; loop effects; Firewall; trans-Planckian energy

Online: 12 September 2019 (15:45:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0259.v1

The Family Formula for Leptons and Quarks

Nikola Perkovic

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Higgs mechanism; Yukawa coupling; fine structure constant; leptons; quarks

Online: 25 August 2019 (17:06:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0326.v1

A Unified Theory of All the Fields in Elementary Particle Physics Derived Solely from the Zero-Point Energy in Quantized Spacetime

Shinichi Ishiguri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: zero-point energy; quantized time-space static electromagnetic field; gravity field; weak interaction; strong interaction; masses of W and Z; mass of a neutrino; β collapse; quantized Einstein gravity equation

Online: 29 July 2019 (04:13:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0181.v1

Elliptical Tracks: Evidence for Superluminal Electrons?

Keith Fredericks

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: particle tracks; monopoles; tachyons; superluminal; faster-than-light, elliptical orbits, photographic emulsion; Kepler orbits; LENR; strange radiation

Online: 15 July 2019 (08:06:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0012.v1

Dialectic of Homochirality

Alexander Kholmanskiy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: homochirality; dialectics; energoform; chiral factor; neutrino; biophysics

Online: 3 June 2019 (09:50:25 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Generation of Particles by Quantum Loops

Hans Diel

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: spacetime models; causal models; nonlinear dynamics; relativity theory; quantum field theory; quantum loops

Online: 21 May 2019 (11:24:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0103.v2

Left-Handed Neutrinos, Charged Dark Matters, Higgs Mechanism, Universe Evolution and Extended Standard Model

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: charged dark matters; left-handed neutrinos; Higgs mechanism, universe evolution; extended standard model

Online: 15 April 2019 (12:53:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0049.v1

Particle Mass Oscillation through Tachyon Interaction

Luca Nanni

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle & Field Physics Keywords: Mass oscillation; bradyon-tachyon interaction; infinite-component spinor; Standard Model

Online: 4 April 2019 (12:20:40 CEST)

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