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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0559.v1

Correctness of Frequency Standards Accuracy Estimates

Vadim Zhmud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: accuracy; stability; error; frequency standard; Allan dispersion; Allan function; reproducibility

Online: 8 October 2024 (08:57:36 CEST)

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For measuring time, distances and movements, including determining the location of ground objects using a global navigation satellite system using the triangulation method, high-precision generators of extremely accurately generated reference frequencies, as reference measures of frequency and time intervals, are extremely relevant. Along with those already approved as frequency and time standards, exemplary stable frequency signal generators are constantly being created, improved and researched, that is, prototypes of future frequency and time standards based on new principles. Model generators are also being created on known principles with additional measures to increase their accuracy. The most important stage in the creation of such standards and their prototypes is the study of the stability and accuracy characteristics of the resulting model generators. Traditionally, indicators such as the two-sample Allan variance are used for this, and even more often the square root of this value, called the Allan function, is used. Many publications report results in which the dependence of this function on the averaging time is given on a double logarithmic scale. A decrease in this value with increasing averaging time looks natural and is beyond doubt, however, the right branch of this graph very often begins to bend upward, which indicates that with increasing averaging time the Allan function increases. This fact cannot satisfy future users of these exemplary generators, since such an increase indicates that the frequency value they generate should not be trusted, because it turns out that over a long period of time the generated frequency can deviate from the required value very far, and the longer this time , the more this function can deviate. The situation is aggravated by the fact that the Allan function does not include offset, that is, such an important characteristic as frequency reproducibility, when in fact this characteristic should also be taken into account. This article offers a new vision and interpretation of the metrological characteristics of the accuracy, stability and reproducibility of the generated frequency of a model generator.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0361.v1

Investigation of Structural Changes in TiSiCN Powders During Mechanical Activation

Lazat Baimoldanova, Bauyrzhan Rakhadilov, Aidar Kengesbekov, Rashid Kuanyshbai

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: plasma spraying; TiSiCN; carbonitride coatings; coating processes; reactive plasma spraying

Online: 5 October 2024 (18:04:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2433.v1

Questioning the Lorentz Factor in Special Relativity Based on the Value of the Maximum Anisotropy of Light Speed in the Michelson-Morley Experiment

yunrui yu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Lorentz factor; Special relativity; the Maximum Anisotropy of Light Speed in the Michelson-Morley Experiment

Online: 30 September 2024 (15:25:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1253.v1

Distribution Characteristics of Trichiurus japonicus and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in Central and Southern East China Sea and Yellow Sea

Xinyu Shi, Zhanhu Lu, Zhongming Wang, Jianxiong Li, Xin Gao, Zhuang Kong, Wenbin Zhu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: East China Sea; south central Yellow Sea; Trichiurus japonicus; Species distribution model; Spatial distribution; Environmental factor

Online: 17 September 2024 (02:55:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0313.v1

Comparison of Measurement Protocols for Internal Channels of Transparent Microfluidic Devices

Joris Kaal, Nicolas Feltin, Marc Lelong, Huabing Yin, Andrew Glidle, Kevin Romieu, Elsa Batista

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: microfluidic chips; optical measurements; channels dimensions; methods validation

Online: 4 September 2024 (16:09:26 CEST)

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The microfluidic industry recognizes the lack of sensitive and standardized testing methods as one of the major hurdles to overcome before fulfilling its revolutionary promises. Highly ranked upon the list of things in need of testing methods are the internal dimensions of microfluidic structures after chip assembly. This work, performed under the MFMET project, aims to address this challenge by presenting and comparing multiple protocols for measuring the dimensions of internal microfluidic channels of fully assembled transparent chips. The protocols include optical profilometry, optical microscopy and tiled digital imagery. Several standardized chip designs out of two different materials commonly used in microfluidics (D263©bio and TOPAS© COC) were measured by the different protocols. A consistency analysis through normalized error statistics revealed optical profilometry as the preferred method due to its low uncertainty compared to the other protocols and its higher consistency with nominal geometry values. All protocols showed difficulty with vertical depth measurements of internal structures. Associated possible directions of future research are considered including further study of the influence of multiple refractive surfaces on optical profilometry measurements and further investigation of confocal microscopy as a potential measurement method showing promising preliminary results. The influence of the different materials appears to be minimal on optical profilometry, but other materials and method would merit looking into before such an observation might be generalized. In conclusion, the results of this work directly address the current lack of measurement methods for internal microfluidic structures by providing a comprehensive comparison of different protocols, ultimately suggesting a preferred option for immediate application within the microfluidic industry. Additionally, this work offers valuable directions for future research, serving as an initial step in overcoming a significant challenge that impedes the microfluidic industry from realizing its revolutionary potential.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0268.v1

Trends in the Occurrence of Compound Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation in Côte d’Ivoire

Elisée Yapo AKOBE, Adama DIAWARA, Fidèle YOROBA, Benjamin K. KOUASSI, Assi Louis Martial YAPO, Ibrahima DIBA, Kouakou KOUADIO, Dro T. TIÉMOKO, Dianikoura Ibrahim KONÉ, Arona Diedhiou

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: CORDEX-Africa; compound extremes; precipitation; temperature; Cô; te d’ Ivoire

Online: 3 September 2024 (20:03:08 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1353.v1

The Existence of Gravitational Current: A Study of Gravitation and its Interaction with Matter

Chithra Piyadasa

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Gravitational Attraction; Gravitational Repulsion; Force Field; Intrinsic Gravity Field; Gravitational Currents; Gravitational Wave; Gravitational Motor; Energy Propagation through matter; Gyroscope; Precession

Online: 20 August 2024 (03:39:51 CEST)

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It is commonly held that gravitation is a major force field influencing matter. Existing models regard gravitational interaction as a singular weak force; the weakest among the four fundamental forces defined in physics. Recent experimental findings, in both controlled laboratory experiments and natural occurrences, nevertheless, have unveiled the presence of a gravitational repulsion alongside gravitational attraction in the universe. This series of studies reveals that the observed gravitational force results from two immensely powerful distinct forces—gravitational repulsion and attraction—nearly equal and opposing thus in a state of near equilibrium in nature. While the theory of 'Universal Gravitation' established the proportionality of the gravitational force to mass, the recognition of gravitational repulsion force proportional to the temperature as a manifestation of thermal energy has only emerged from present experimental insights. Furthermore, the imbalance between these two forces has been identified as the Newtonian force, initiating the motion of an object. It provides a compelling explanation for the accelerating expansion of the universe: during atomic fusion in stars, a portion of mass is converted into energy. This process increases the energy and decreases the mass of stellar objects. The increase in energy enhances the repulsive force among them, while the reduction in mass diminishes their gravitational attraction, leading to the accelerating expansion of the universe.This paper introduces a model elucidating the characteristics of gravitational forces and the transmission of energy within matter through the concept of 'Gravitational Currents.' A set of postulates is formulated to elucidate the interaction of gravitational fields with matter and the presence of gravitational currents. The discussion is supported by experimental evidence substantiating these concepts.In this series of experiments, a gyroscope - a standard apparatus in the scientific community with a spinning wheel mounted at one end of a freely pivoted rod having full degrees of freedom - is utilized. When the wheel is set in rotation, the rod carrying the wheel precesses[1] around the vertical axis at the pivoted end, while levitating in free space defying the Earth's gravitational attraction. This paper establishes that the conventional explanation involving the cross product of two vectors—the torque due to weight and the angular force (change of angular momentum) of the wheel—fails to account for the observed revolving and lifting forces. Instead, it is demonstrated that these forces result from the upward shear force (which is the lifting force in this case) generated within the axis of the rod and the wheel itself. This phenomenon is attributed to the flow of energy, conceptualized as gravitational current, within the axial rod in the Earth's gravitational field. The described process can be envisioned as a gravitational motor with gravitational current flowing through matter in a gravitational field.The results of the experiments substantiate the conclusion that there exist two fields defined as the intrinsic field and the natural force fields. The intrinsic gravity field is innate (linked) to every object, matter or entity in the universe, and it is dispersed in all directions in free space independent of other entities. The actual force fields manifest between any two objects in the universe once they become cognizant of each other's existence through their intrinsic fields.The inherent force field exhibits a preference/tendency for existence within a medium rather than in free space, akin to the way a magnetic field runs within ferromagnetic materials rather than in open space. If external force fields pass/runs through the medium, it affects the internal force fields of the medium, depending on the magnitudes and the directions of the external force fields and intrinsic force fields. This implies that energy moves through the force field, and under the influence of the gravitational field, this energy flow can be conceptualized as a gravitational current.Gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves share similarities in their roles in transmitting energy through open space. The potential for an analogy within a unified theoretical framework connecting electromagnetic fields and gravitational fields has surfaced, echoing Einstein's attempted unified theory proposed in 1916. The paper delves into the parallels between electromagnetic motors and gravitational motors.Furthermore, alongside the concept of gravitational currents addressed in this paper, the research also elucidated a precise definition of the [Newtonian/mechanical] “force” and mechanism for its origination and function, termed: Intrinsic Energy Spin Force (IESpinF). The analysis presented here demonstrates that the Newtonian/mechanical force arises from a perturbation or imbalance within the equilibrium of gravitational IESpinF, which includes both repulsion and attraction forces. [1] One of the main properties of gyroscopic action is “precession”. Precession is a change in the orientation of the rotational axis of a rotating body. If the axis of rotation of a body is itself rotating about a second axis, that body is said to be precessing about the second axis.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0549.v1

Self-Organizing Systems: What, How, and Why?

Carlos Gershenson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: complexity; information; emergence; self-organization

Online: 8 August 2024 (12:22:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1284.v1

Alteration and Non-Formula Elements Uptake of Zircon From Um Ara Granite, South Eastern Desert, Egypt

Hamdy Hamed Abd El-Naby

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Zircon; Non-formula elements; Hydrothermal alteration; low-T alteration; Um Ara granite

Online: 16 July 2024 (10:04:50 CEST)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1023.v1

The Cycle 46 Configuration of the HARMONIE-AROME Forecast Model

Emily Gleeson, Ekaterina Kurzeneva, Wim de Rooy, Laura Rontu, Daniel Martín Pérez, Colm Clancy, Karl-Ivar Ivarsson, Bjørg Jenny Engdahl, Sander Tijm, Kristian Pagh Nielsen, Metodija Shapkalijevski, Panu Maalampi, Peter Ukkonen, Yurii Batrak, Marvin Kähnert, Tosca Kettler, Sophie Marie van den Brekel, Michael Adriaens, Natalie Theeeuwes, Bolli Pálmason, Thomas Rieutord, James Fannon, Eoin Whelan, Samuel Viana, Mariken Homleid, Geoffrey Bessardon, Jeanette Onvlee, Patrick Samuelsson, Daniel Santos Munos, Ole Nikolai Vignes

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: HARMONIE-AROME; ACCORD; NWP; mesoscale; physical parametrizations

Online: 12 July 2024 (08:31:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0223.v1

Correlating the Segmental-Relaxation Time of Polystyrene

C. A. Hieber

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: equilibrium relaxation time; glass-rubber transition; glass-transition temperature; polystyrene; segmental-relaxation time; VFTH model

Online: 2 July 2024 (11:05:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1792.v2

Quantum densities in Curved Spacetime

Adegbite Inioluwa Precious

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Energy-density; Mass-density; ; general relativity; Quantum mechanics

Online: 1 July 2024 (17:49:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1912.v1

Quantum-Tunnelling Deep Neural Networks for Sociophysical Neuromorphic AI

Ivan Maksymov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: artificial intelligence; neuromorphic computing; quantum tunnelling; sociophysics; cognition

Online: 27 June 2024 (04:27:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1439.v1

Applying and Improving Pyranometric Method to Estimate Sunshine Duration for a Tropical Site

Tovondahiniriko Fanjirindratovo, Didier Calogine, Oanh Chau, Olga Ramiarinjanahary

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Carpentras method; data fitting; global radiation; sunshine duration; Slob and Monna algorithm; step algorithm; linear algorithm

Online: 21 June 2024 (05:37:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0741.v1

Inter-Limb Asymmetry in Female Sepak Takraw Players: An Observational Study

Htet Zayar, Christopher Mawhinney, Kornkit Chaijenkij

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: between-limb differences; limb dominance; jump landing; kappa coefficient

Online: 11 June 2024 (14:28:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0624.v1

Local Versus Global Time in Early Relativity Theory

DENNIS DIEKS

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Time and gravity; Coordinate time and proper time; Gravitational redshift

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:41:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0507.v1

Development of a New IoT Device to Acquire and Analyze Gait Information of Horses in Training

Akane Tanaka, Hideki Ohshima, Tomoki Tanezaki, Ryo Muko, Masaaki Oikawa, Hiroshi Matsuda

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: horse; training; sensor; gait analysis; IoT device

Online: 10 June 2024 (08:29:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0393.v1

A Study on The Relationship Between Sport Psychological Capital, Coach Leadership Behavior, and Training Satisfaction Among Sports Candidates

Yongsen Liu, Li Liu, Tingran Zhang, Jiong Luo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Sports psychological capital; Coach leadership behavior; training satisfaction; structural equation model; Sports Entrance Examinees

Online: 7 June 2024 (02:48:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0405.v1

Near-Infrared Phosphorescence of the Raman Photogenerated Singlet Oxygen

Aristides Marcano Olaizola

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Raman spectroscopy; singlet oxygen photoexcitation; phosphorescence of singlet oxygen

Online: 6 June 2024 (12:59:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0351.v1

Location Problem in Relativistic Positioning: Relative Formulation

Ramón Serrano Montesinos, Joan Josep Ferrando, Juan Antonio Morales-Lladosa

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Relativistic Positioning Systems; pseudorange navigation equations; Kleusberg’ s solution

Online: 6 June 2024 (11:29:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0028.v1

Trends and Perspectives on Nuclear Waste Management: Recovering, Recycling and Reusing

Maria Letizia Terranova, Odilon A.P. Tavares

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: nuclear waste management; spent fuel processing; fission products; actinides; transmutation chains; recovery of radioisotopes; nuclear installations

Online: 3 June 2024 (07:27:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1707.v1

Epistemological-Philosophical Problems of Quantum Mechanics and Main Solution Attempts: An Overview

Paolo Di Sia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Philosophy of Science; Quantum Mechanics; Foundations; Open Problems; Ontology; Epistemology; Hidden variable theories; Alternatives to standard quantum mechanics; Holistic Unification

Online: 27 May 2024 (11:32:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0976.v1

Valveless pumping with an unsteady stenosis in an open tank configuration

Christos Manopoulos, Dimitrios Mathioulakis

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: valveless pump; unsteady stenosis; flow rate augmentation; wave reflection

Online: 14 May 2024 (14:58:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0957.v1

Petroleum System of the Middle Jurassic Khatatba Formation in the Imhotep Field, Northwestern Egypt, Based on Multi-approach Analyses

Walaa A. Ali, Amr S Deaf, Mohamed Fagelnour, Thomas Gentzis

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: organic/inorganic geochemistry; organic petrography; petroleum system; geomechanics; burial history; Khatatba Formation; Matruh Basin; Egypt

Online: 14 May 2024 (11:09:39 CEST)

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This study investigates the petroleum potential of the Middle Jurassic Khatatba Formation (Fm) in the Matruh Basin, northwestern Egypt. This formation shows in situ dual source and reservoir characteristics, where alternations of fine and coarse clastics were deposited during semi-arid and semi-humid conditions due to climate changes and Tethyan sea level fluctuations. The organic-rich shales and argillaceous siltstones are fair to very good/excellent (TOCm wt%: 0.91–3.07) source rocks. They are rich in late mature to early postmature mostly gas-prone organic facies C, which sourced the juxtaposing intraformational coarse clastics of the Lower Safa Member with gas and condensates. The source rocks show poor to fair gas generation potential (S2: 0.38–1.96, mg HC/g rock). The middle part of the Lower Safa Member shows excellent organic richness (TOCm wt%: 5.39 and 22.90) of early postmature gas-prone carbonaceous material and coal deposits. These coaly shale layers exhibit fair to excellent wet gas and condensate generation potential (S2: 4.51–27.43, mg HC/g rock). Maturation of the source rocks was related to the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Tethyan rifting. The onset of oil generation occurred in the Early Cretaceous (~ 116 Ma ago), while the onset of gas generation occurred in the Oligocene (~ 24 Ma ago). Shales of the Lower Cretaceous Alam El Bueib Fm are primary sealing rocks, while carbonates and shales of the Khatatba Fm are secondary sealing rocks. Trap types are structural, formed during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous rifting of the Matruh Basin. Sandstones of the Upper Safa Member show upward increases in kaolinite and exhibit low-quality tight sandstone reservoirs. The Lower Safa Member sandstones show better gas reservoir quality with lower shale volumes. Operationally, the Lower Safa sandstone reservoirs in the Imhotep W-1X well are not suitable for gas production because they are ductile and show a high decline in production and pressure. Overall, the petroleum system of the Khatatba Fm shows mainly fair hydrocarbon potential in the study area.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0963.v1

Novel Spectrometer Designs for Laser Driven Ion Acceleration

Antonia Morabito, Kwinten Nelissen, Mauro Migliorati, Sargis Ter-Avetisyan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: laser-driven particle acceleration, Thomson Parabola, gradient magnetic field, diag- 14 nostics, detectors

Online: 14 May 2024 (11:06:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1792.v1

Mass Density and Energy Densities in Schrodinger’s Equation

Adegbite Inioluwa Precious

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Energy-density; Mass-density; Curved spacetime; Schrodinger’ s Equation.

Online: 26 April 2024 (17:04:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1630.v1

Electronic Aid for Unfamiliar Environments

Akbar Ali, Rongyi Qian, Haroon Akbar, Zeeshan Sartaj

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Obstacle Detection; Assistive Technology; Mobility Aid; Independent Navigation; Sensor Integration; Arduino UNO; Ultrasonic sensor

Online: 25 April 2024 (09:06:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1791.v5

Network-Independent Grid Synchronous Stability Boundary and Spontaneous Synchronization

Yu Yuan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Complex network; spontaneous synchronization; synchronous stability boundary

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:26:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0339.v2

Research on Single Event Burnout Reinforcement Structure of SiC MOSFET

Qiulan Liao, Hongxia Liu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: power device; SiC MOSFET; split gate; SBD-embedded; single event effect; irradiation hardening

Online: 10 April 2024 (15:46:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1371.v2

Conceptualizing an Interferometer with Multiple Beams Splitting and Multiple Interference

Adegbite Inioluwa Precious

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Interferometry; instrumentation; Quantum computation

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:42:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0339.v1

Research on Single Event Burnout Reinforcement Structure of SiC MOSFET

Qiulan Liao, Hongxia Liu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: power device; SiC MOSFET; split gate; SBD-embedded; single event effect; irradiation hardening

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:58:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0111.v1

Prognostic Significance of Serum Uric Acid and Exercise Capacity in Older Adults Hospitalized for Worsening Cardiovascular Disease

Akihiro Hirashiki MD, Atsuya Shimizu, Takahiro Kamimura, Manabu Kokubo, Kakeru Hashimoto, Ikue Ueda, Toyoaki Murohara

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: uric acid; older adults; exercise capacity; prognosis

Online: 1 April 2024 (15:00:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1371.v1

Conceptualizing an Interferometer with Multiple Beams Splitting and Multiple Interference

Adegbite Inioluwa Precious

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Interferometry; instrumentation; Quantum computation

Online: 22 March 2024 (11:02:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1142.v1

Stochastic Compartment Model With Mortality and Its Application to Epidemic Spreading in Complex Networks

Teo Granger, Thomas M. Michelitsch, Michael Bestehorn, Alejandro P Riascos, Bernard A. Collet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Epidemic spreading; compartment model with mortality; memory effects; random walks; random graphs

Online: 22 March 2024 (07:28:23 CET)

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We study epidemic spreading in complex networks by a multiple random walker approach. Each walker performs an independent simple Markovian random walk on a complex undirected (ergodic) random graph where we focus on Barabási-Albert (BA), Erdös-Rényi (ER) and Watts-Strogatz (WS) types. Both, walkers and nodes can be either susceptible (S) or infected and infectious (I) representing their states of health. Susceptible nodes may be infected by visits of infected walkers, and susceptible walkers may be infected by visiting infected nodes. No direct transmission of the disease among walkers (or among nodes) is possible. This model mimics a large class of diseases such as Dengue and Malaria with transmission of the disease via vectors (mosquitos). Infected walkers may die during the time span of their infection introducing an additional compartment D of dead walkers. Infected nodes never die and always recover from their infection after a random finite time. This assumption is based on the observation that infectious vectors (mosquitos) are not ill and do not die from the infection. The infectious time spans of nodes and walkers, and the survival times of infected walkers, are represented by independent random variables. We derive stochastic evolution equations for the mean-field compartmental populations with mortality of walkers and delayed transitions among the compartments. From linear stability analysis, we derive the basic reproduction numbers R M , R 0 with and without mortality, respectively, and prove that R M < R 0 . For R M , R 0 > 1 the healthy state is unstable whereas for zero mortality a stable endemic equilibrium exists (independent of the initial conditions) which we obtained explicitly. We observe that the solutions of the random walk simulations in the considered networks agree well with the mean-field solutions for strongly connected graph topologies, whereas less well for weakly connected structures and for diseases with high mortality. Our model has applications beyond epidemic dynamics, for instance in the kinetics of chemical reactions, the propagation of contaminants, wood fires, among many others.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0300.v2

A review on the present and future of solar power in Africa

Ahmed Rachid, Nouhaila NAJMI

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Solar energy; Development; Africa; Solar farms; Mini-grids; Off-grid; Solar houses; Irrigation; Legislation; Business models; NGOs; International companies

Online: 14 March 2024 (09:34:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1791.v4

Network‐Independent Grid Synchronous Stability Boundary and Spontaneous Synchronization

Yu Yuan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Complex network; spontaneous synchronization; synchronous stability boundary

Online: 14 March 2024 (07:31:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0632.v1

Fractional Order Model of Dynamical Behavior and Qualitative Analysis of Anthrax with infected Vector and Saturation

Adedapo Chris Loyinmi, Ijaola Alani Lateef

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Fractional model; FDE; incidence rate; Anthrax; stability; Sensitivity; Reproduction number; DFE; Boundedness; Posituvity; existence and uniqueness; saturation factor

Online: 11 March 2024 (13:27:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0350.v3

Insights of Gravitational Phenomena: A Study Applying Thermodynamic Properties of Gases

Chithra Piyadasa

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: gravitational attraction; gravitational repulsion; thermal energy; inverse cube law; thermodynamic properties of gas

Online: 8 March 2024 (15:31:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0300.v1

A Review on the Present and Future of Solar Power in Africa

Ahmed Rachid, Nouhaila NAJMI

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Solar energy; Development; Africa; Solar farms; Mini-grids; Off-grid; Solar houses; Irrigation; Legislation; Business models; NGOs; International companies

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:48:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0268.v1

Quantum Temporal Winds: Turbulence in Financial Markets

Haoran Zheng, Bo Dong

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: quantum finance; financial markets; turbulence; time series analysis

Online: 5 March 2024 (15:07:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0106.v1

Minkowskian Approach to the Pseudorange Navigation Equations

Ramón Serrano Montesinos, Juan Antonio Morales-Lladosa

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Relativistic Positioning Systems; pseudorange navigation equations; Bancroft’ s closed-form solution

Online: 4 March 2024 (06:00:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1674.v1

Robustness of Real-World Networks after Weight Thresholding by Strong Link Removal

Jisha Mariyam John, Michele Bellingeri, Divya Sindhu Lekha, Davide Cassi, Roberto Alfieri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: complex networks; complex systems; graph theory; network robustness

Online: 29 February 2024 (11:40:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1659.v1

How Land Use Transitions Contribute to the Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation from 1990 to 2020

Zihui Zhang, Lang Xia, Zifei Zhao, Fen Zhao, Guanyu Hou, Shixin Wu, Xiao Sun, Shangrong Wu, Peng Yang, Yan Zha

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Soil organic carbon density; Soil organic carbon stocks; Land use change; Sparrow search algorithm; Alpine mountains region

Online: 29 February 2024 (08:16:59 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1611.v1

Avoiding Computer Errors When Using Excel for Iterative Solutions

R.C. Woods

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Computer-based instruction; Differential equations; Problem solving; Errors; Iteration

Online: 28 February 2024 (08:14:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1416.v1

Analyzing Power Law Extensions of Newtonian Gravity Using Differential Force Measurements

Thomas Bsaibes, Ricardo Decca

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: hypothetical interactions; power-type potentials; constraints on hypothetical particles

Online: 26 February 2024 (11:51:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1330.v1

Universality and Complexity in Natural Languages: Mechanistic and Emergent

Gemma de les Coves, Bernat Corominas Murtra, Ricard Sole

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: natural language; evolution; universal grammars; Zipf law; open-ended evolution

Online: 23 February 2024 (06:25:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1228.v1

Evaluating the Usefulness of a PNT Solution Using DGNSS-SBAS for Canoe Slalom: Simulated and Real-World Analysis

Paul William Macdermid, Mathew E Irwin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Performance analysis; dGNSS; trajectory; canoe slalom; tracking

Online: 21 February 2024 (13:38:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0532.v1

A Compressible Formulation of the One-Fluid Model for Two-Phase Flows

Simon EL OUAFA, Stephane VINCENT, Vincent LE CHENADEC, Syphax FEREKA, Benoît TROUETTE, Amine CHADIL

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Compressible formulation; Fully coupled solvers; Momentum conserving

Online: 8 February 2024 (15:48:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0502.v1

Assessing Jump Performance: Intra and Interday Reliability and Sensitivity of Countermovement Jump and Drop Jump Measurements Using Force Platforms

Jaime Gonzalez, Manuel Conejero, Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Reliability; Force Platform; Countermovement Jump; Drop Jump; Volleyball; CV; ICC; women; sport; jump

Online: 8 February 2024 (14:15:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0465.v1

On the Structural and Molecular Properties of PEO and PEO-PPG Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Rejeena Jha, Hyrum Harlow, Mourad Benamara, Robert A. Mayanovic

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: chitosan nanoparticles; structure properties; polymer functionalization; x-ray diffraction; transmission electron microscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Online: 8 February 2024 (07:34:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0329.v1

Granulation of Lithium-Ion Sieves (LISs) Using Biopolymers: A Review

Inimfon A Udoetok, Abdalla H Karoyo, Emmanuel E Ubuo, Edidiong D Asuquo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Granulation; biopolymer; lithium-ion sieves (LISs); adsorption capacity; crosslinking; mechanical strength

Online: 6 February 2024 (05:25:14 CET)

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The high demand for lithium (Li) relates to clean renewable storage devices and the advent of electric vehicles (EVs). The extraction of Li ions from aqueous media calls for efficient adsorbent materials with various characteristics, such as good adsorption capacity, good selectivity, easy isolation of the Li-loaded adsorbent, and good recovery of the adsorbed Li ions. The widespread use of metal-based adsorbent materials for Li ions extraction relates to various factors: (i) the ease of preparation via inexpensive and facile templation techniques, (ii) excellent selectivity for Li ions in a matrix, (iii) high recovery of the adsorbed ions, and (iv) good cycling performance of the adsorbents. However, the use of nano-sized metal-based LISs is limited due to challenges associated with isolating the loaded adsorbent material from the aqueous media. Adsorbent granulation process employing various binding agents (e.g., biopolymers, synthetic polymers, and inorganic materials) affords functional particles with modified morphological and surface properties that support easy isolation from the aqueous phase upon adsorption of Li ions. Biomaterials (e.g., chitosan, cellulose, alginate, and agar) are of particular interest because their structural diversity renders them amenable to coordination interactions with metal-based LISs to form 3D microcapsules. The current review highlights recent progress in the use of biopolymer binding agents for the granulation of metal-based LISs, along with various crosslinking strategies employed to improve the mechanical stability of the granules. The study reviews the effects of granulation and crosslinking on adsorption capacity, selectivity, isolation, recovery, cycling performance and the stability of the LISs. Adsorbent granulation using biopolymer binders has been reported to modify the uptake properties of the bio-adsorbent materials to varying degrees, in accordance with the surface and textural properties of the binding agent. The review further highlights the importance of granulation and crosslinking for improving the extraction process of Li ions from aqueous media. This review contributes to manifold areas related to industrial application of LISs, as follows: 1) to highlight recent progress in the granulation and crosslinking of metal-based adsorbents for Li ions recovery, 2) to highlight the advantages, challenges, and knowledge gaps of using biopolymer-based binders for granulation of LISs, and finally, 3) to catalyze further research interest into the use of biopolymer binders and various crosslinking strategies to engineer functional adsorbent materials for application in Li extraction industry. Properly engineered extractants for Li ions are expected to offer various cost benefits in terms of capital expenditure, percent Li recovery, and reduced environmental footprint.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1301.v2

Closed Form Solutions to a Class of Pursuit Problems Using Geometric Analogies

Michael Lovett, Ana Unterkofler

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: pursuit; trajectory

Online: 25 January 2024 (08:40:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1642.v1

Development of Neural Networks to Study the Behavior of a Micro-alloyed Medium Carbon Steel during Hot Forming

Anas Al Omar Mesnaoui, Pau Català Calderón, José Ignacio Alcelay Larrión, Esteban Peña Pitarch

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Red neuronal artificial; modelo de material dinámico; Procesamiento de mapas; Comportamiento del flujo; Acero microaleado de medio carbono

Online: 23 January 2024 (07:14:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1264.v1

Spatial Quantification of Cropland Soil Erosion Dynamics in the Yunnan Plateau Based on Sampling Survey and Multi-Source LUCC Data

Guokun Chen, Jingjing Zhao, Bohui Tang, Xingwu Duan, Lijun Zuo, Xiao Wang, Qiankun Guo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: sampling survey; CSLE; land use change; non-homogeneous voting; cropland erosion rate

Online: 17 January 2024 (11:11:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1100.v1

Wheelchair Badminton: A Narrative Review of Its Specificities

Ilona Alberca, Bruno Watier, Félix Chénier, Florian Brassart, Arnaud Faupin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: biomechanic; badminton particularities; racket; classification; propulsion direction

Online: 15 January 2024 (07:57:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1791.v3

Network-Independent Grid Synchronous Stability Boundary and Spontaneous Synchronization

Yu Yuan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Complex network; spontaneous synchronization; synchronous stability boundary

Online: 10 January 2024 (11:07:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0656.v1

Statistical Relations Among Precipitation, Atmospheric Moisture and Cloud Parameters in the Arctic Atmosphere

Sergey Y. Matrosov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: snowfall; cloud content; water vapor; surface meteorology; correlation analysis; Arctic climate; water cycle

Online: 9 January 2024 (10:39:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0184.v1

The Influence of Lobbies: Analyzing Group Consensus from a Physics Approach

Ugo Merlone, Arianna Dal Forno

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: opinion dynamics; sociophysics; physics models; social influence

Online: 3 January 2024 (08:00:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1937.v1

Extreme Bad Weather, Large Atmospheric Electric Field Fluctuations and Anomalous Changes in the High Voltage Electric Power Network in Thrace, North-East Greece, during the Solar Activity and the Magnetic Superstorm of March 2012

Goergios Anagnostopoulos, Anastasios Karkanis, Athanasios Kampatagis, Panagiotis K. Marhavilas, Sofia-Anna Menesidou, Dimitrios Efthymiadis, Stefanos Keskinis, Dimitar Ouzounov, Nick Hatzigeorgiu, Michael Danikas

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Remote Sensing; Space Weather; Exterme Events; Solar-Terrestrial relationsnsip; Weather prediction; Atmospheric Electric Field; Geomagneticallt induced lectric currents

Online: 26 December 2023 (06:12:57 CET)

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In a recent paper, we extended previous studies on solar-terrestrial relationships by investigating the origin of the March 2012 heatwave in northeast USA. In the present study we check the possible relationship of solar activity with the early March 2012 bad weather in northeast Thrace, Greece. To this end, we examined data from various remote sensing instrumentation monitoring the Sun (SDO satellite), the Interplanetary Space (ACE satellite), the Earth’s magnetosphere (Earth based measurements, NOAA-19 satellite), the top of the clouds (TERRA and AQUA satellites) and the near ground atmosphere. Our comparative data analysis suggests that: (i) the winter-like weather (rainfall, fast winds, decreased temperature) in Thrace started on 6 March 2012, on the same day as the heatwave starting in USA, (ii) during the March 2012 winter-like event in Thrace (6-15 March), the ACE satellite recorded enhanced fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs), while SOHO and PAMELA recorded solar protons at very high energies (> 500 MeV), (iii) Thrace experienced particularly intense cyclonic circulation, during periods of magnetic storms on 8 - 10 and 12-13 March, which occurred after the arrival at ACE of two interplanetary shock waves, on March 8 and March 11, respectively, (iv) at the beginning of the two above mentioned periods large atmospheric electric fields were recorded, with values ranging between ~-2000V/m - ~1800V/m on 8 March, (v) the winter-like 8-10 March 2012 weather occurred after the detection of the main SEP event related with a coronal mass ejection released in the interplanetary space as a result of intense solar flare activity observed by SDO on 7 March 2012, (vi) the 8-10 March weather was related with a deep drop of ~630C in the cloud top temperature measured by MODIS/TERRA, which favors strong precipitation. Finally, we analyzed data from the electric power network in Thrace (~410N) and we found, for the first time sudden voltage changes of ~3.5kV in the electric grid in Greece, during the decay phase of the March 2012 superstorm. We discuss the winter-like March 2012 event in Thrace in terms of solar cosmic ray influence on the low troposphere mediated by positive NAO. Finally, we infer that the novel finding of the geomagnetic effects on the electric power grid in Thrace may open a new window into space weather applications research.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1666.v1

Non-athletic Cohorts Addressed by Longitudinal Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Trials – an Evidence Map

Miriam Beier, Matthias Kohl, Daniel Schoene, Simon Von Stengel, Michael Uder, Wolfgang Kemmler

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: whole-body electrostimulation, electromyostimulation, cohorts, function, body composition, diseases, longitudinal studies

Online: 21 December 2023 (15:01:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1460.v1

Bridging Gaps in the Standard Model

Kamil Khan, Haseeb Ali, Sardar Nabi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Monopole Problem; Kibble Mechanism; Topological Defects; Magnetic Monopoles; Grand Unified Theories

Online: 19 December 2023 (15:59:20 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1471.v1

Infrasonic Sound-Based Obstacle Detection System for the Visually Impaired

kamil khan, Sardar Nabi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: WHO, UNO Arduino processor, 5V buzzer, Infrasonic sensor, vibrator

Online: 19 December 2023 (14:51:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0311.v1

Soil Forming Factors of High-Altitude Mountains Along the East-Africa Rift Valley: The Case of the Mount Guna Volcano, Ethiopia

Mekonnen Getahun Sisay, Enyew Adgo Tsegaye, Alemayehu Regassa Tolossa, Jan Nyssen, Amaury Frankl, Eric Van Ranst, Stefaan Dondeyne

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: soil formation; altitude variability; soil variability; factor analysis; soil mineralogy; soil classification

Online: 6 December 2023 (04:39:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0224.v1

BBN Constraints and Indications for Beyond Standard Model Neutrino Physics

Daniela Kirilova, Mariana Panayotova, Emanuil Chizhov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: BSM physics; BBN constraints; neutrino oscillations; sterile neutrino; lepton asymmetry; drak radiation.

Online: 4 December 2023 (17:30:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1630.v1

Recent Advances in the Numerical Solution of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

Luigi Barletti, Luigi Brugnano, Gianmarco Gurioli, Felice Iavernaro

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Nonlinear Schrö; dinger Equation; NLSE; energy-conserving methods; Hamiltonian Boundary Value Methods; HBVMs; spectral accuracy

Online: 28 November 2023 (01:44:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0955.v2

Effects of Perceived Value on Sustainable Behavioral Intention among Pilates Participants: Focusing on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB)

Suk-Kyu Kim, JungHee Ha

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Pilates; perceived value; continuous behavioral intention; Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB)

Online: 22 November 2023 (14:53:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0365.v1

Efficient Synthesis of Mannopyranoside-Based Fatty Acyl Esters: Effects of Acyl Groups on Antimicrobial Activities

Md. Lutfor Rahaman, Md. Atiqur Rahman, Md. Mohin Hasnain, Mohammad Amran, Talha Bin Emran, Md Ashikur Rahaman Khan, Md. Abdul Majed Patwary, Mohsin Kazi, Mohammed Mahbubul Matin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: ADMET; antimicrobial agents; effects of chain length; molecular docking; regioselective acylation; structure-activity relationship; sugar fatty acid ester (SFAE).

Online: 6 November 2023 (15:08:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1944.v1

Antimatter Gravity and the Results of the ALPHA-g Experiment

Massimo Villata

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: universe evolution; gravitational repulsion and antiparticles; baryon symmetry of the universe

Online: 30 October 2023 (16:11:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1751.v1

Lightning under different land use and cover, and the influence of topography in the Carajás Mineral Province, Eastern Amazon

Ana Paula Paes, Douglas Silva Ferreira, Wilson da Rocha Nascimento Jr., Pedro Walfir Martins e Souza-Filho, Osmar Pinto Jr, Francisco José Lopes de Lima, Vandoir Bourscheidt, Enrique Vieira Mattos, Claudia Priscila Wanzeler da Costa, Antônio Vasconcelos Nogueira Neto, Renata Gonçalves Tedeschi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Lightning; Land Cover and Land Use; Topographic Effects, Itacaiúnas River Hydrographic Basin

Online: 30 October 2023 (06:52:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1515.v1

Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Seasonality: An Overview

George Botsas, Eirini Koidou, Konstantinos Chatzinikolaou, George Grouios

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: seasonality; autism; time of birth; infection; nutrition; vitamin; geographic location; photoperiod; immigration

Online: 24 October 2023 (10:18:59 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1266.v1

Asymmetric Dual-Grating Dielectric Laser Accelerator Optimization

Sophie Crisp, Alexander Ody, Pietro Musumeci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: DLA; Dielectric Laser Accelerator; Dual Grating; Single Drive

Online: 19 October 2023 (11:04:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1259.v1

Social Depolarization: Blume-Capel Model

Miron Kaufman, Sanda Kaufman, Hung T. Diep

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: political polarization; statistical physics approaches for social dynamics

Online: 19 October 2023 (10:21:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1032.v1

Research on Enhanced Detuned-Loading Effect in Integrated Two-Section DFB Lasers with High Modulation Bandwidth

Yunshan Zhang, Hongming Gu, Guolong Ma, Shijian Guan, Tao Fang, Xiangfei Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor lasers; modulation bandwidth enhancement; detuned-loading effect; reconstruction-equivalent-chirp (REC) technique

Online: 17 October 2023 (08:04:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0477.v1

Modeling Field Electron Emission From a Flat Au (100) Surface With Density-Functional Theory

Yiming Li, Joshua Mann, James Rosenzweig

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: field electron emission; DFT; Au (100); Fowler-Nordheim; laser field emission

Online: 10 October 2023 (03:20:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0388.v1

The Irreversibility of Microscopic Motions

Huai-Yu Wang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Motion; Equation of motion; Irreversibility of motion; Time-inverse motion; Reverse motion; Two-particle collision; Detailed balance

Online: 9 October 2023 (10:54:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2011.v1

Optimal wind farm sites-selection using Geographic Information System based mathematical modelling and fuzzy logic tools: A case study of Burundi

GATOTO Placide, Michel Roddy Lollchund

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Burundi; Wind farm site selection; multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM); Fuzzy AHP logic tool; GIS

Online: 5 October 2023 (02:53:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1254.v1

Measurement of Depth Resolutions of GPR Antenna

Sulf Adams, Randy Davordzie

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: GPR; Depth Resolutions; 500Mhz GPR Antenna; MALA GPR equipment; 500MHz shielded Antenna; subsurface; Materials; GPR Survey

Online: 19 September 2023 (08:22:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0995.v1

Attosecond pulses from Ionization Injection Wake Field Accelerators

Paolo Tomassini, Vojtech Horny, Domenico Doria

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: attosecond electron bunches; ionization injection; two-color ionization injection; Resonant multi-pulse ionization injection; trojan horse

Online: 14 September 2023 (11:44:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0082.v1

CO2, CH4 and CO Emission Sources and Their Characteristics in the Lamto Ecological Reserve (Côte d’Ivoire)

Toure Dro Tiemoko, Fidele Yoroba, Komenan Benjamin Kouassi, Adama Diawara, Kouakou Kouadio, Francois-Xavier Djezia Bella Bouo, Assi Louis Martial Yapo, Abraham Kouman, Michel Ramonet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: CO2; CH4; CO; Bivariate polar diagram; weather conditions; Lamto; Côte d’Ivoire

Online: 5 September 2023 (10:26:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1880.v1

Shielding Effectiveness of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Electronics with Graphene Based Absorber

Roman Kubacki, Rafał Przesmycki, Dariusz Laskowski

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); microwave absorber; reduced graphene oxide

Online: 29 August 2023 (03:44:44 CEST)

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In the work the enhanced security of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) electronics in RF environment was investigated. UAVs are commonly used in many areas and the cellular networks as the parallel helping networks for systems: LTE, 5G or especially for future 6G are very perspective and needed. For effective communications in channels: “air-to-ground” as well as “drone-to-drone” the important task is undisturbed work of transportation platforms, ie. UAV. However, high level of outside electromagnetic radiation can affect the correct electronics work. The problem is due to non-conformity of RF environment regulations. The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards guarantee correct electronics work when the radiation level is not higher than established EMC levels. In case of commercially available devices, like UAVs, this level is 3 V/m. On the other hand, permissive exposure level, treated as RF environment emitted by cellular base stations, can reach the level of 61 V/m. Such level of electromagnetic wave pollution, can damage unprotected electronics with fatal consequences. This can cause the unchecked drone flight or unchecked fall down. As a result, due to unchecked flight, the UAV can cause the sudden communication interruption with operator or other drones. To reduce the level of damaging RF field we propose to cover the UAV housing with microwave absorber. In this case absorber must ensure good electromagnetic protection as well as lightweight and resistant on weather conditions. The shielding property of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as an absorber was investigated. For proposed material the shielding effectiveness (SE) was investigated in the frequency range from 100 MHz to 10 GHz. It has been proved that such material can be a good candidate as an absorber for UAV having low reflection coefficient and high absorption ability. In this work the shielding effectiveness of RGO was analyzed for two layers of 3 and 5 mm at typical frequencies as RF environment, ie. 3.6 GHz (5G system) and 5.8 GHz (LTE). Investigated absorber guarantees the value of SE of 25 dB and 30 dB for 3 mm layer at 3.6 GHz and 5.8 GHz respectively and of 29 dB and 39.5 dB for 5 mm layer at these frequencies respectively.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1519.v1

The convergence and boundedness of solutions to SFDEs with the G-framework

Rahman Ullah, Faiz Faizullah, Quanxin Zhu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: G-Brownian motion; exponential and LG2 estimates; boundedness; Convergence

Online: 22 August 2023 (07:24:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1344.v1

Response Analysis of the Three-degree-of-freedom Vibroimpact System with an Uncertain Parameter

Guidong Yang, Zichen Deng, Lin Du, Zicheng Lin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: vibroimpact system; bifurcation; Chebyshev polynomial; uncertain parameter

Online: 18 August 2023 (11:32:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0137.v2

Questioning the Mechanistic-Universe Paradigm Using Chaotic Systems

Yehonatan Knoll

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: foundations of physics; chaos; block-universe; quantum-classical transition

Online: 18 August 2023 (11:23:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0388.v1

Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile during Acute Phase of COVID-19 Infection and after Recovery: Evidence of a Sequel in LDL

Zahra Lotfollahi, Luana dos S. Neres, Andressa F. Mathias, Maria C.P. De Freitas, Ana C. Varella, Paulo A Lotufo, Alessandra C. Goulart, Nágila R.T. Damasceno, Juliana B. de Andrade, Ricardo A. Fock, Antonio M. Figueiredo Neto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: COVID-19; modified LDL; Z-scan; UV-visible spectroscopy; Lipoprint

Online: 4 August 2023 (11:03:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1634.v1

Symmetry and the Nanoscale: Advances in Analytical Modeling in the Perspective of Holistic Unification

Paolo Di Sia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Symmetry; Nanoscale; Mean Square Deviation of Position; Quantum-Relativistic Effects; Analytical Modeling; Unification; Holism; Vacuum Energy.

Online: 25 July 2023 (08:11:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1301.v1

Closed Form Solutions to a Class of Pursuit Problems Using Geometric Analogies

Michael Lovett, Ana Unterkofler

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: pursuit; trajectory

Online: 19 July 2023 (07:20:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0877.v1

A Challenge in A(G)I, Cybernetics Revived in the Ouroboros Model as One Algorithm for All Thinking

Knud Thomsen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Ouroboros Model; Analogical Algorithms; AI-Challenge; Large Language Models; Cybernetics; Synergetics; Understanding; Common Sense; Consciousness; Free Will.

Online: 13 July 2023 (12:28:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0474.v1

Mathematical Programming for the Dynamics of Opinion Diffusion

Andrea Ellero, Giovanni Fasano, Daniela Favaretto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Sociophysics; Stochastic Models; Galam’s Diffusion Model; Mathematical Programming; Parameter Optimisation

Online: 7 July 2023 (10:38:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2108.v1

Optical Immunosensors for Bacteria Detection in Food Matrices

Dimitra Kourti, Michailia Angelopoulou, Panagiota Petrou, Sotirios Kakabakos

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: immunosensor; optical detection; bacteria

Online: 29 June 2023 (11:18:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0823.v1

Daughter Coloured Noises: The Legacy of Their Mother White Noises Drawn From Different Probability Distributions

Evangelos Bakalis, Francesca Lugli, Francesco Zerbetto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: white noises; probability distributions; fractional calculus; colours of noise; classification of noises; kurtosis; codifference

Online: 12 June 2023 (10:22:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0536.v1

Wave Behavior Characteristics of Elastically Supported Fluid-Conveying Carbon Nanotubes under the Influence of Magnetic Fields

Qian Deng, Ming Li, Liufei Lv

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Fluid conveying carbon nanotubes; Timoshenko beams; Small-scale effects; Magnetic flux; Non-local strain gradients

Online: 7 June 2023 (10:39:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1951.v1

Neutrophil Depletion Attenuates Acute Renal Injury after Exhaustive Exercise in Mice

Tsubasa Mizokami, Michikio Shimada, Katsuhiko Suzuki

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: neutrophil; exhaustive exercise; inflammation; cytokines; reactive oxygen species; acute kidney injury

Online: 29 May 2023 (03:07:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1622.v1

Wideband DOA Estimation Utilizing Hierarchical Prior Based on Variational Bayesian Inference

Ninghui Li, Xiaokuan Zhang, Binfeng Zong, Fan Lv, Jiahua Xu, Zhaolong Wang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: direction-of-arrival; sparse Bayesian learning; hierarchical Bayesian prior; sparse recovery

Online: 23 May 2023 (08:29:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1173.v1

Dyes Confinement in the Nano Scale and Converting Poly Vinyl Alcohol to be Optical-active Polymeric Nanocomposites with High Thermal Stability

Adil Alshoaibi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Zn-Al-Green Dyes Nanohybrids; PVA-Zn-Al-Dyes nanocomposite; UV–Vis absorption spectra; Band gap; Scanning electron microscopy; Thermal analyses

Online: 28 April 2023 (11:08:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0818.v1

Micromagnetic Approach to the Metastability of a Magnetite Nanoparticle and Specific Loss Power As Function of the Easy-Axis Orientation

Nathaly Roa, Johans Restrepo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: dynamic phase transition; alternating magnetic field; magnetic nanoparticle; hyperthermia; specific loss power

Online: 24 April 2023 (04:16:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0752.v1

Quantum Bohmian Inspired Potential to Model Non-Gaussian time series and its Application in Financial Markets

Reza Hosseini, Samin Tajik, Zahra Koohi Lai, Tayeb Jamali, Emmanuel Haven, Reza Jafari

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Non-Gaussian time series; MRW; Bohmian quantum; Stock market

Online: 23 April 2023 (03:48:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0490.v1

A Simple Explanation for the Flat Rotation Curves of Spiral Galaxies

Michael Eric Bacon

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Galaxy; Galactic rotation curves; Galactic Kinematics

Online: 18 April 2023 (05:13:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0503.v1

Time Crystals, Their Networks, and Self-Organized Vacuum

Vladimir A. Manasson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: dynamical systems; self-organization; temporal periodicity; attractor topology; phase transitions; synchronization patterns; physical vacuum; elementary particles; unification of forces

Online: 29 March 2023 (07:08:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0471.v1

Marangoni Flow Investigation in Foam Fractionation Phenomenon

Nastaran Rezaee, John Aunna, Jamal Naser

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Foam; Node; Film; Marangoni flow; Plateau Border; Bubble; Reflux; Foam fractionation

Online: 28 March 2023 (03:54:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0289.v1

Everett’s Interpretation and Convivial Solipsism

Hervé ZWIRN

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Measurement problem; Convivial Solipsism; Everett’s interpretation; QBism; Perspectival interpretation; Realism; Entanglement; Non-locality; EPR experiment; First person point of view; Wigner’s friend

Online: 17 January 2023 (01:32:40 CET)

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