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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0400.v1

Prevalence of Physical Symptoms and Burnout Syndrome in Healthcare Professionals after One Year of Pandemic: Study #COVID 19PS

Jordi Esquirol Caussa, Manuel García San Emeterio, Marta Méndez Olavide, Vanessa Bayo Tallón, Josep Sánchez Aldeguer

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nursing & Health Studies Keywords: COVID 19; health personnel; Burnout, Psychological; COVID 19 stress syndrome

Online: 26 September 2022 (11:42:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0388.v1

Geostatistical Modeling and Heterogeneity Analysis of Tumor Molecular Landscape

Morteza Hajihosseini, Payam Amini, Dan Voicu, Irina Dinu, Saumyadipta Pyne

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: spatial single-cell analysis; intratumor heterogeneity; kriging; spatial entropy; Was-serstein distance; cancer; RNA-seq

Online: 26 September 2022 (08:57:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0383.v1

Associations Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and COVID-19 Infection and Hospitalization Among U.S. Adults

Stuart F. Quan, Matthew Weaver, Mark Czeisler, Laura Barger, Lauren Booker, Mark Howard, Melinda Jackson, Rashon Lane, Christine McDonald, Anna Ridgers, Rebecca Robbins, Prerna Varma, Shantha Rajaratnam, Charles Czeisler

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: Obstructive Sleep Apnea; COVID-19; Hospitalization; Infection; Epidemiology

Online: 26 September 2022 (08:02:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0371.v1

Bioefficacy of Hydroxytyrosol-Rich Food Supplements on Preventing Lipid Peroxidation in Healthy Men

Cecilia Bender, Ilaria Candi, Eva Rogel

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pharmacology & Toxicology Keywords: olive phenolics; hydroxytyrosol; oxidized LDL; ox-LDL; isoprostanes; F2-isoprostanes

Online: 23 September 2022 (10:23:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0361.v1

Impact of Sex in Left Atrial Indices for Prognosis of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Shiro Hoshida, Koichi Tachibana, Nobutaka Masunaga, Yukinori Shinoda, Tomoko Minamisaka, Hirooki Inui, Keisuke Ueno, Masahiro Seo, Masamichi Yano, Takaharu Hayashi, Akito Nakagawa, Yusuke Nakagawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Takahisa Yamada, Yoshio Yasumura, Yohei Sotomi, Shungo Hikoso, Daisaku Nakatani, Yasushi Sakata

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Ed/Ea; Fine-Gray model; HFpEF; LAVI; sex

Online: 23 September 2022 (08:09:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0354.v1

Wound Healing Versus Metastasis: Role of Oxidative Stress

Tatiana Lopez, Maeva Wendremaire, Jimmy Lagarde, Oriane Duquet, Line Alibert, Brice Paquette, Carmen Garrido, Frédéric Lirussi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Wound healing; metastasis; oxidative stress; macrophage; HIF; NF-kB; Nrf2

Online: 23 September 2022 (03:28:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0353.v1

Maternal Mortality in Africa (Part I), Regional Trends (1990-2015)

Luc Onambele, Wilfrido Ortega-Leon, Sara Guillen-Aguinaga, Maria João Forjaz, Amanuel Yoseph, Laura Guillen-Aguinaga, Rosa Alas-Brun, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso, Francisco Guillen-Grima

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Keywords: Africa; Maternal mortality rate; Joinpoint regression analysis; mortality; trends

Online: 23 September 2022 (03:06:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0349.v1

Isoflurane Rescue Schizophrenia-related Deficits through Parvalbumin-positive Neurons in the Dentate Gyrus

Hualing Peng, Jie Jia, Yi-Sheng Lu, Hua Zheng

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Anesthesiology Keywords: isoflurane; schizophrenia; adult neurogenesis; synaptic plasticity; parvalbumin-positive interneuron

Online: 23 September 2022 (02:05:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0346.v1

Self-Medication for the Treatment of Abdominal Cramps and Pain – a Real-Life Comparison of Three Frequently Used Preparations

Martin Storr, Harald Weigmann, Sabine Landes, Martin C. Michel

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Gastroenterology Keywords: gastrointestinal cramps; gastrointestinal pain; irritable bowel syndrome; hyoscine butyl bromide; peppermint oil; over-the-counter treatment; pharmacy-based patient survey

Online: 22 September 2022 (14:15:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0343.v1

The Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Chronic Lymphatic Filariasis in Indonesia: A 18-Year Registry-Based Analysis

Dewi Nur Aisyah, Zisis Kozlakidis, Haniena Diva, Siti Tarmizi, Lita Sianipar, Eksi Wijayanti, Ajie Avicena, Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: Lymphatic Filariasis; Indonesia; National Surveillance; Registry; BELKAGA

Online: 22 September 2022 (10:41:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0342.v1

A Novel Anoikis-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Patients with Low-Grade Glioma and Reveals Immune Infiltration

Songyun Zhao, Hao Chi, Wei Ji, Qisheng He, Guichuan Lai, Gaoge Peng, Xiaoyu Zhao, Chao Cheng, Weiyi Huang

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: anoikis; Low-grade glioma; signature; prognosis; immune microenvironment

Online: 22 September 2022 (10:38:43 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0340.v1

Short-Term Influence Analysis of Different Instep Weights on 50 Meters Speed and Running Time

Jordi Esquirol Caussa, Miquel Àngel Cos Morera, Josep Maria Padullés Riu, Montserrat Sánchez Lloansí, Marta Méndez Olavide, Cristina Tinajas Arrontes, Manuel García San Emeterio, Pere Palmada Andreu

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Sport Sciences & Therapy Keywords: Locomotion; Motor Control; Muscle Synergies; Physiology; Running

Online: 22 September 2022 (10:30:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0339.v1

Vertebrate Animal Models of RP59: Current Status and Future Prospects

Steven J. Fliesler, Sriganesh Ramachandra Rao, Mai N. Nguyen, Mahmoud Tawfik KhalafAllah, Steven J. Pittler

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: cis-prenyltransferase; DHDDS; dolichol; Nogo-B receptor; retinal degeneration; RP59

Online: 22 September 2022 (10:18:11 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0335.v1

Philosophy of Family Center Care (FCC) in Child Nursing

Iqlima Dwi Kurnia, Yuni Sufyanti Arief, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nursing & Health Studies Keywords: philosophy; family-centered care; nurse; child

Online: 22 September 2022 (08:04:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0334.v1

Barriers and Recommendations for a Cervical Cancer Screening Program among Women in Low-resource Settings in Lagos Nigeria: A Qualitative Study

Tope Olubodun, Mobolanle Rasheedat Balogun, Kofoworola Abimbola Odeyemi, Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya, Adedoyin Oyeyimika Ogunyemi, Oluchi Kanma - Okafor, Ifeoma Peace Okafor, Ayodeji Bamidele Olubodun, Oluwatoyin Olanrewaju Progress Ogundele, Babatunde Ogunnowo, Akin Osibogun

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: cervical cancer screening; barriers; recommendations; slum; low-resource settings; qualitative

Online: 22 September 2022 (07:31:38 CEST)

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Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally despite being a largely treatable and preventable malignancy. Developing countries account for over 80% of all new cases of cervical cancer. Women residing in low-resource settings such as those residing in slums have a higher risk of cervical cancer, and lower uptake of cervical cancer screening. Diverse barriers influence the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in low-resource settings. Objectives: This qualitative study was carried out prior to a cervical cancer screening program and explored women’s knowledge about cervical cancer, and their perceived barriers and recommendations for the program.Method: Four focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted among 35 women between the ages of 21 – 65 years residing in two urban slums in Lagos, Nigeria. Each FGD was limited to 8-10 participants of women of similar ages. Voice recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysis was done using thematic analysis.Results: Most of the women were not aware of cervical cancer and none knew the symptoms or risk factors of cervical cancer. The participants felt that the cervical cancer screening program would be well accepted in the community, however, they expressed concerns about the cost of the screening test and the sex of the person performing the test. The recommendations proffered for a successful cervical cancer screening program include; reducing the cost of the test or providing the test free of charge, having people that speak the local language as part of the team, using female health care providers, using a private location within the community or nearby PHC, and publicizing the program with the use of SMS, phone calls, town crier, and health talks. It was recommended that organizing health education sessions would help improve women’s poorly perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer.Conclusion: Interventions to increase uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in low resource settings need to improve knowledge and understanding of cervical cancer and address the barriers to cervical cancer screening such as cost, distance, and as much as possible, sex of the healthcare provider should be considered.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0207.v2

Underreporting and Triggering Factors for Ophthalmic Drugs’ ADR Notification; a Comparison between Spontaneous Reporting and Active Pharmacovigilance Databases

Homero Contreras-Salinas, Leopoldo Martín Baiza-Durán, Manuel Alejandro Bautista-Castro, Diego Rodrigo Alonso-Rodríguez, Lourdes Yolotzin Rodríguez-Herrera

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Adverse Drug Reaction; Spontaneous reporting; Active surveillance; Underreporting; Antiglau-coma; Artificial tear

Online: 22 September 2022 (07:17:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0153.v3

Risk of Hospitalization in Diabetic Patients with Severe Hypoglycemia: A Single-Center Study

Leonardo Pieramati, Enzo Mantovani, Giuseppe Lucchini, Massimo Amato

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: hypoglycemia; hospitalization; diabetes

Online: 22 September 2022 (03:22:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0328.v1

SARS-Cov-2 in Asymptomatic and Mild Infections in a Hungarian Outpatient Cohort in the First Year of the Pandemic

István Jankovics, Cecília Müller, Éva Gönczöl, Ildikó Visontai, István Varga, Márta Lőrincz, Dávid Kuti, Ágnes Hasitz, Péter Malik, Krisztina Ursu, Borbála Bányász, Júlia Sarkadi, Béla Dénes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; outpatient cohort; seroprevalence; mild infections; asymptomatic cases; COVID-19 contacts; PCR-positivity and symptoms; first year of the pandemic; Hungary

Online: 22 September 2022 (02:08:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0327.v1

Bioinformatic Methods for Identifying Differentially Abundant Subpopulations in scRNA-seq Data

Giona Kleinberg, Ashwini Shinde, Sai Batchu, Michael Diaz, Kevin Root, Brandon Lucke-Wold

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: scRNA-seq; bioinformatics; subpopulations; analysis methods; single-cell RNA sequencing

Online: 21 September 2022 (11:22:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0326.v1

Association of Multidrug Resistance Bacteria and Clinical Outcomes of Adult Patients with Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit

Khalid Ahmad Al-Sunaidar, Noorizan Abd Aziz, Yahaya Hassan, Shazia Jamshed, Mahendran Sekar

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: multidrug resistance organism; sepsis; adequate empirical antibiotics; source of infection; APACHE II; ICU length stay; predictors; risk factors; mortality

Online: 21 September 2022 (10:45:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0325.v1

Maternal Satisfaction towards Childhood vaccine Services and its Associated Factors among Children Caregivers, in a Public Health Facility at Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022

Agerie Mengistie Zeleke, Worku Chechol Beley, Getaw Wubie Asres

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nursing & Health Studies Keywords: Maternal satisfaction; Gondar public health facility; Ethiopia

Online: 21 September 2022 (10:37:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0321.v1

The Composition of Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells Isolated from Lipoaspirate using a Novel Point of Care System does not Depend on the Subject's Individual Age, Gender, Body Mass Index and Ethnicity

Christoph Schmitz, Christopher Alt, Alon R. Azares, David A. Peace, Tiffany R. Facile, John P. Furia, Nicola Maffulli, Claire Huang, Eckhard U. Alt

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: adipose-derived regenerative cells; flow cytometry; microfragmented fat; NucleoCounter; regenerative medicine; stem cells; UA-ADRCs

Online: 21 September 2022 (10:08:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0309.v10

Chronic Positive Mass Balance is the Actual Etiology of Obesity: A Living Review

Anssi Manninen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: obesity; body weight regulation; macronutrients; energy balance theory; mass balance model; paradigm shift; living review

Online: 21 September 2022 (09:57:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0317.v1

A Bibliometric Analysis of Syphilis Research in Last Hundred Years in Scopus Database (1921-2021)

SAGNIK CHAKRABORTY, Nupur Mahajan, Sivaraman Balaji, Kuldeep Nigam, Sumit Aggarwal

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Bibliometric analysis; Scopus database; Syphilis; Sexually Transmitted Infections; Public Health; Research; Global

Online: 21 September 2022 (07:14:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0316.v1

A Cost-Utility Analysis of Mesh Prophylaxis in the Prevention of Incisional Hernias Following Stoma Closure Surgery

Yusuf Sheikh, Hareef Asunramu, Heather Low, Dev Gakhar, Keerthi Muthukumar, Husam Yassin, Laure De Preux

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Gastroenterology Keywords: stoma closure; incisional hernia; mesh prophylaxis; cost-utility analysis

Online: 21 September 2022 (07:07:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0314.v1

A Literature Review on Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Nursing Philosophy

Ika Nur Pratiwi, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin, Nursalam Nursalam

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nursing & Health Studies Keywords: Diabetes; Theory; Model; Concept; Management; Health Care

Online: 21 September 2022 (05:46:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0229.v2

Lipofuscin as the Main Driving Force of Current Age-Related Disease: Justification and Strategies for Removal

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Anti-aging therapy; lipofuscin; SENS; TFEB; intracellular microbe; and synthetic chemotaxis

Online: 21 September 2022 (03:36:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0310.v1

Systematic Down-Selection of Repurposed Drug Candidates for COVID-19

Christopher A. MacRaild, Muzaffar-Ur-Rehman Mohammed, Faheem Faheem, Sankaranarayanan Murugesan, Ian K. Styles, Amanda L. Peterson, Carl M.J. Kirkpatrick, Matthew A. Cooper, Enzo A. Palombo, Moana M. Simpson, Hardik Ashish Jain, Vinti Agarwal, Alexander J. McAuley, Anupama Kumar, Darren J. Creek, Natalie L. Trevaskis, Seshadri S. Vasan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pharmacology & Toxicology Keywords: COVID-19; CoviRx.org; database; drugs; pandemic; repurposing; SARS-CoV-2; therapies; treatments; Variants of Concern (VOC)

Online: 20 September 2022 (15:00:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0307.v1

Training on Emotional Intelligence for Caregivers of Patients with Acquired Brain Injury and Cognitive Impairment: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Irene De-Torres, Fernando Bustos, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla, Pablo Fernández-Berrocal

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: emotional intelligence; brain injury; cognitive impairment

Online: 20 September 2022 (13:14:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0303.v1

Ultraviolet Measurements and Photoclimatotherapy for Psoriasis at the Dead Sea: 25-Years of Experience

Avraham Kudish, Guy Cohen, Efim Evseev, Marco Harari

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Ultraviolet irradiation; Dead Sea; psoriasis; photoclimatotherapy

Online: 20 September 2022 (10:23:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0299.v1

Blood Groups (ABO/Rh) And Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile among Patients with Leprosy in Angola

Euclides Nenga Manuel Sacomboio, Tomásia Oliveira Muhongo, Adelino Tchilanda Tchivango, Edson Kuatelela Cassinela, Silvana da Rocha Silveira, Mauricio Da Costa, Carlos Alberto Pinto de Sousa, Cruz Sebastião Sebastião, Eduardo Ekundi Valentim

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: leprosy; ABO/Rh blood group; Clinical; Angola

Online: 20 September 2022 (09:28:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0297.v1

Effectiveness and Tolerability of Early Treatment with Monoclonal Antibodies against SARS-Cov-2: Results from A Real-Life Study before Omicron Surge

Riccardo Scotto, Antonio Riccardo Buonomo, Giulia Zumbo, Antonio Di Fusco, Nunzia Esposito, Isabella Di Filippo, Mariano Nobile, Biagio Pinchera, Nicola Schiano Moriello, Riccardo Villari, Ivan Gentile

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Mabs; VoC; COVID-19; real-life

Online: 20 September 2022 (07:15:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0296.v1

Pharmacotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Performance Status 2 without Druggable Gene Alterations: Could Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors be a Game Changer?

Satoshi Ikeda, Tateaki Naito, Satoru Miura, Kentaro Ito, Naoki Furuya, Toshihiro Misumi, Takashi Ogura, Terufumi Kato

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: non-small-cell lung cancer; performance status; cytotoxic chemotherapy; immune checkpoint inhibitor; cancer cachexia

Online: 20 September 2022 (05:53:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0292.v1

The Correlation between Nurses' Job Stress, Satisfaction, and Caring Behaviors Perception during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Gülsüm Özcan, Şerife Kurşun Kural

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nursing & Health Studies Keywords: caring behavior; Covid-19 pandemic; nurse; job satisfaction; job stress

Online: 20 September 2022 (04:50:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0289.v1

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Common Neuroimmune Ground?

Varvara A. Ryabkova, Natalia Y Gavrilova, Tamara V Fedotkina, Leonid P Churilov, Yehuda Shoenfeld

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: chronic fatigue syndrome; post-COVID syndrome; postural orthostatic tachycardia; microcirculation; immune system

Online: 20 September 2022 (03:37:00 CEST)

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A Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic disease of unknown aetiology under growing interest now in view of the increasingly recognized post-COVID syndrome as a new entity with similar clinical presentation. We performed the first cross-sectional study of ME/CFS in community population in Russia and then described and compared some clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of ME/CFS and post-COVID syndrome as neuroimmune disorders. Of the cohort of 76 individuals who suggested themselves suffering from ME/CFS 56 subsequently were confirmed as having CFS/ME according to ≥1 of the 4 most commonly used case definition. Of the cohort of 14 individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome 14 met diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS. The prevalence of clinically expressed and subclinical anxiety and depression in ME / CFS and post-COVID ME/CFS did not differ significantly from that in healthy individuals. Severity of anxiety / depressive symptoms did not correlate with the severity of fatigue neigther in ME / CFS nor in post-COVID ME/CFS, but the positive correlation was found between the severity of fatigue and 20 other symptoms of ME / CFS related to the domains of “post-exertional exhaustion”, “immune dysfunction”, “sleep disturbances”, "dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system", "neurological sensory / motor disorders" and "pain syndromes". Immunological abnormalities were identified in 12/12 patients with ME / CFS according to the results of laboratory testing. The prevalence of postural orthostatic tachycardia assessed by the active standing test was 37.5% in ME / CFS and 75.0% in post-COVID ME/CFS (the latter was higher than in healthy controls, p = 0.02) There was a more pronounced increase in heart rate starting from the 6th minute of the test in post-COVID ME/CFS compared with the control group. Assessment of the functional characteristics of microcirculation by laser doppler flowmetry revealed obvious and very similar changes in ME/CFS and post-COVID ME/CFS compared to the healthy controls. The identified pattern corresponded to the hyperemic form of microcirculation disorders, usually observed in acute inflammatory processes or in deficiency of systemic vasoconstriction influences.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0287.v1

Anticholinesterase and Pro-dopaminergic Effects of Instant Coffee

Daniele O. Köhn, Graziella R. Molska, Lyvia Izaura G. Paula-Freire, Giuseppina Negri, Elisaldo A. Carlini, Fúlvio R. Mendes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Coffea arabica; antioxidant; acetylcholinesterase inhibition; catalepsy; unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion; caffeine

Online: 20 September 2022 (03:22:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0283.v1

Identification and Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Virulence Genes Baba and Caga in Wolinella Isolates from the Oral Cavity of Dogs

Zahra Jahanshiri, Bahar Nayeri-fasaei, Shahram Jamshidi, Taghi Zahraei-Salehi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Wolinella; Virulence genes; Helicobacter pylori; genomic homology

Online: 20 September 2022 (02:06:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0282.v1

The multifaceted roles of Zinc in Cancers

Mohamed Bendellaa, Pierre Lelievre, Jean-Luc Coll, Lucie Sancey, Aurélien Deniaud, Benoit Busser

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: Zinc homeostasis; cancer; therapy; prognostic; diagnostic; nanoparticles; biomarkers

Online: 19 September 2022 (14:05:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0278.v1

Facebook and Suicidal Behaviour: User Experiences of Suicide Notes, Live-streaming, Grieving and Preventive Strategies. A Scoping Review.

Sheikh Shoib, Miyuru Chandradasa, Mahsa Nahidi, Tan Weiling Amanda, Sonia Khan, Fahimeh Saeed, Sarya Swed, Marianna Mazza, Marco Di Nicola, Giovanni Martinotti, Massimo Di Giannantonio, Aishatu Yusha’u Armiya’u, Domenico De Berardis

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: Suicide attempt; behaviour; prevention; Facebook

Online: 19 September 2022 (10:33:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0268.v1

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns on the Activity and Mental Health of Older People in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study

Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Ernawati -, Elsa Dent, Gregorius Abanit Asa, Paul Russell Ward

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: COVID-19 outbreak; lockdown protocols; individual and social activities; mental health challenges; older people; Indonesia

Online: 19 September 2022 (07:51:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0265.v1

‘I doubt myself and am losing everything I have since COVID came’- The Case Study of Mental Health and Coping Strategies among Undocumented Myanmar Migrant Workers in Thailand

Tual Sawn Khai, Muhammad Asaduzzaman

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: mental health; migrant health; undocumented migrants; COVID-19; coping strategy; Myanmar; Thailand; mixed method

Online: 19 September 2022 (05:40:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0153.v2

Risk of Hospitalization in Diabetic Patients with Severe Hypoglycemia: A Single-Center Study

Leonardo Pieramati, Enzo Mantovani, Giuseppe Lucchini, Massimo Amato

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: hypoglycemia; hospitalization; diabetes

Online: 19 September 2022 (05:30:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0262.v1

Clinical Laboratory Features of Moderate and Severe Patients with COVID-19 among a Cohort of Egyptian Population

Salma El Kazafy, Yasser M. Fouad, Azza F. Said, Hebatallah H Assal, Tarek M. Ali, Amr E. Ahmed, Ahmad El Askary, Osama M. Ahmed

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Lymphocytes; liver function biomarkers; WBCs; and CRP

Online: 19 September 2022 (05:28:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0254.v1

Characterization of Gut-Thyroid Axis in Alcohol Use Disorder: Role of Gut-Dysfunction, Pro-Inflammatory Responses, and Dysregulation in Thyroid-Associated Hormones

Manasa Sagaram, Amor J. Royer, Huirong Hu, Abhas Rajhans, Ranganathan Parthasarathy, Sathya Sridevi Krishnasamy, Sri Prakash Mokshagundam, Maiying Kong, Melanie L. Schwandt, Dipendra Parajuli, Matthew C. Cave, Vatsalya Vatsalya

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Gastroenterology Keywords: alcohol use disorder; gut-dysfunction; gut-thyroid axis; pro-inflammatory cytokines; thyroid-associated hormones

Online: 19 September 2022 (03:09:51 CEST)

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(1) Background: Heavy and chronic alcohol intake causes altered gut-permeability and dysfunction; and exhibits a unique pro-inflammatory state. Thyroid-associated hormones and proteins may be dysregulated by alcohol administration; however, the impact of altered gut-derived changes on thyroid function is unclear. This study investigated the role of gut-dysfunction and pro-inflammatory activity on thyroid function in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). (2) Methods: Male and female AUD patients (n=44) were grouped as Gr.1 with normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (n=28, 0.8≤TSH≤3 mIU/L); and Gr.2 with clinically elevated TSH levels (n=16, TSH> 3 mIU/l). Demographics, drinking measures, comprehensive metabolic panel, and candidate thyroid markers (TSH, circulating triiodothyronine [T3] and free thyroxine [fT4]) were tested. Plasma-derived gut-dysfunction associated markers (lipopolysaccharide [LPS], LPS-binding protein [LBP], and LPS-induced pathogen-associated protein [CD14]), and cytokine profile (IL1-β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, PAI-1) were analyzed and compared with the thyroid, demographic, and drinking markers. (3) Results: Both groups presented with a borderline overweight category of BMI. Gr.2 presented with numerically higher level of chronic and heavy drinking patterns vs Gr.1. fT4 levels were elevated while T3 was within normal limits in both the groups. Gut-dysfunction markers LBP and CD14 were numerically elevated in Gr.2 vs Gr.1 suggesting subtle ongoing changes; however, the difference was not statistically significant. All pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in Gr.2 among IL1-, MCP-1, and PAI-1. Gr.2 showed a strong and statistically significant effect of gut-immune-pituitary response (r=0.896, p=0.002) on TSH levels in a multivariate regression model with LBP, CD14, and PAI-1 levels as upstream variables; this assessment was not significant in Gr.1. In addition, AUROC analysis demonstrated that many of the cytokines strongly predicted TSH in Gr.2, including IL-6 (area=0.774, p<0.001) and TNF- (area=0.708, p=0.017) among others. This was not observed in Gr.1. Gr.2 demonstrated elevated fT4 as well as TSH, which suggests that there was subclinical thyroiditis with underlying CNS dysfunction and lack of a negative feedback loop. (4) Conclusions: These findings reveal the toxic effects of heavy and chronic drinking that play a pathological role in thyroid gland dysregulation employing the gut-brain axis. These results also strongly emphasize potential directions to strongly consider thyroid dysregulation in the overall medical management of AUD.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0253.v1

Type I interferon receptor subunit 1 deletion attenuates experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm formation

Takahiro Shoji, Jia Guo, Yingbin Ge, Yankui Li, Gang Li, Toru Ikezoe, Wei Wang, Xiaoya Zheng, Sihai Zhao, Naoki Fujimura, Jianhua Huang, Baohui Xu, Ronald L. Dalman

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: Abdominal aortic aneurysm; Type I interferon receptor, Leukocytes; Angiogenesis

Online: 19 September 2022 (02:08:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0246.v1

Pre-Treatment Hemoglobin Concentration and Absolute Monocyte Count as Independent Prognostic Factors for Survival in Localized or Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer Patients undergoing Radiotherapy

Łukasz Magrowski, Oliwia Masri, Jakub Ciepał, Gabriela Depowska, Zuzanna Nowicka, Rafał Stando, Krystyna Chimiak, Gabriela Bylica, Barbara Czapla, Małgorzata Masri, Franciszek Cichur, Iwona Jabłońska, Marta Gmerek, Piotr Wojcieszek, Tomasz Krzysztofiak, Jacek Sadowski, Rafał Suwiński, Paweł Rajwa, Matthias Moll, Gregor Goldner, Wojciech Majewski, Marcin Miszczyk

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: hemoglobin; monocytes; overall survival; prostate cancer; radiotherapy

Online: 16 September 2022 (10:11:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0242.v1

Effectiveness of Abdominal Ultrasonography for Improving the Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer during Medical Checkup: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis

Atsushi Yamaguchi, Naohiro Kato, Syuhei Sugata, Takuro Hamada, Nao Furuya, Takeshi Mizumoto, Yuzuru Tamaru, Ryusaku Kusunoki, Toshio Kuwai, Hirotaka Kouno, Naoyuki Toyota, Takeshi Sudo, Kazuya Kuraoka, Hiroshi Kohno

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Gastroenterology Keywords: pancreatic cancer (PC); abdominal ultrasonography (US); surveillance; prognosis; medical checkup; 5-year survival; cancer screening

Online: 16 September 2022 (08:08:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0309.v9

Chronic Positive Mass Balance is the Actual Etiology of Obesity: A Living Review

Anssi Manninen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: obesity; body weight regulation; macronutrients; energy balance theory; mass balance model; paradigm shift; living review

Online: 16 September 2022 (03:18:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0234.v1

Supporting Factors and Barriers Related to Early Initiation of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding among Infants of Syrian Refugees in Greater Beirut, Lebanon: A Mixed Methods Study

Joana Abou-Rizk, Theresa Jeremias, Lara Nasreddine, Lamis Jomaa, Nahla Hwalla, Jan Frank, Veronika Scherbaum

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: early initiation of breastfeeding; exclusive breastfeeding; anemia; nutritional status; infants under six months; Syrian refugees; Lebanon

Online: 16 September 2022 (02:01:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0233.v1

What is New in Prophylaxis and Treatment of Covid- 19 in Renal Transplant Patients?

Maurizio Salvadori

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: COVID-19 prophylaxis; COVID-19 treatment; Kidney transplantation; Vaccination; Monoclonal antibodies; Small antivirus molecules

Online: 16 September 2022 (02:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0232.v1

Adherence to Prescribing Indicators at a District Hospital in Ghana: Do We Match WHO Standards?

Obed Kwabena Offe Amponsah, Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Divya Nair, Karlos Muradyan, George Kwesi Hedidor, Appiah-Korang Labi, Mercy Naa Aduele Opare-Addo, Emmanuel Sarkodie, Kwame Ohene Buabeng

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: Drug use review; Outpatients; Ghana; SORT IT; Quality indicators; Electronic Medical Records; Operational research; Rational use of medicines

Online: 15 September 2022 (13:39:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0229.v1

A Global Survey of Ethnic Indian Women Living with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Concerns, Diagnosis Experiences, Quality of Life, and Use of Treatment Methods

Vibhuti Rao, Stephanie Cowan, Mike Armour, Caroline A. Smith, Bobby Cheema, Lisa Moran, Siew Lim, Sabrina Gupta, Michael De Manincor, Vikram Sreedhar, Carolyn Ee

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; PCOS; key concerns; diagnosis; Indian women; survey

Online: 15 September 2022 (10:37:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0228.v1

Resting-State Functional Connectivity Impairment in Patients With the Major Depressive Episode

Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Vladimir Khorev, Rossitsa Paunova, Sevdalina Kandilarova, Denitsa Simeonova, Artem Badarin, Semen Kurkin, Alexander Hramov

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: functional connectivity; functional magnetic-resonance imaging; resting state; mood disorders; classification

Online: 15 September 2022 (09:20:26 CEST)

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Aim. In the current study, we aimed at identifying resting-state brain networks, which are different in patients with depression compared to healthy individuals. Moreover, we analyzed the potential for clinical use of different network measures that could discriminate the two groups and thus help the diagnostic process. Method and subjects. We recruited 90 subjects: 49 healthy controls (HC) and 41 patients with a major depressive episode (MDE). All subjects underwent clinical evaluation and functional resting-state MRI. The data were processed to investigate functional connectivity network measures across the two groups using Brain Connectivity Toolbox. The statistical inferences were made at the functional networks level, using false discovery rate method. Independent samples t-test was performed on the network measures mean values to reveal differences between HC and MDE groups. Permutation-based statistical testing was used to test the significance of the difference between the distributions of the network measures by nodes for HC and MDE groups. Linear discriminant analysis was used to differentiate between the groups. Results and discussion. Significant differences in FC between depressed patients and healthy controls were found with the most prominent changes encompassing within-region as well as between-region connectivity of occipital lobe areas such as precuneus (PreCu), cuneus (Cu), superior occipital gyrus (SOG), lingual gyrus (LG), fusiform gyrus (FG), cerebellum, along with limbic structures including the hippocampus (Hipp) and cingulate gyrus. Linear discriminant analysis demonstrated that the full connectivity matrices, as well as those with only the significant connections identified in advance, were the most precise in differentiating between depression and health. These measures reached precision levels of 97% and 94%, respectively. Conclusion. Our study delivered further evidence about impairment of functional connectivity networks in MDE that may contribute to differentiate patients with depression from healthy subjects.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0220.v1

Smartphone-Based Facial Scanning as a Viable Tool for Facially Driven Orthodontics?

Andrej Thurzo, Martin Strunga, Romana Havlínová, Katarína Reháková, Renata Urban, Jana Surovková, Veronika Kurilová

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Dentistry Keywords: TrueDepth; CBCT; Orthodontics; Face scan; Smartphone; Facial diagnostics; Smartphone-based sensors; Facially driven orthodontics

Online: 15 September 2022 (05:45:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0213.v1

Interaction Between Participation and Impact of a Multicomponent Empowerment-based Psychosocial Mental Health Intervention on Service Users and Their Relatives

Francisco José Eiroa-Orosa, Maria Jesús San Pío, Gemma Marcet, Isabela Sibuet, Emilio Rojo

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: community care; integrated care; mental health; service users and relatives’ interventions; service users and relatives’ interaction

Online: 14 September 2022 (16:27:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0205.v1

Towards Precision Oncology: The Role of Smoothened and Its Variants in Cancer

Alina Nicheperovich, Andrea Townsend-Nicholson

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: Smoothened; cancer; precision medicine; therapy

Online: 14 September 2022 (09:23:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0200.v1

A Systematic Review and Quality Evaluation of Studies on Long-Term Sequelae of COVID-19

Jorge Vásconez González, Juan S. Izquiero-Condoy, Raul Fernandez-Naranjo, Esteban Ortiz-Prado

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: sequelae; COVID-19; SARS-COV-2; long-COVID; systematic review

Online: 14 September 2022 (08:50:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0198.v1

Effect of Peptide Length on in Vitro and in Vivo Properties of ¹⁷⁷Lu-labeled Peptide Analogs Targeting CCK2R

Anton Amadeus Hörmann, Maximilian Klingler, Christine Rangger, Christian Mair, Lieke Joosten, Gerben M. Franssen, Peter Laverman, Elisabeth von Guggenberg

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: Cholecystokinin-2 receptor; minigastrin; peptide receptor radionuclide therapy; lutetium-177, theranostics

Online: 14 September 2022 (08:39:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0197.v1

Alpha-Synuclein at the Interface between Depression, Parkinson’s Disease and Dementia: Evidence from Epidemiology, Population Genetics and Gene-Environment Interactions

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Clinical Neurology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; SNCA; major depression; dysthymia; Parkinson’s disease; dementia; neurodegeneration; gene-environment interaction; PM2.5; pesticides

Online: 14 September 2022 (08:38:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0195.v1

Divergent Effects of Glycemic Control and Bariatric Surgery on Circulating Concentrations of TMAO in Newly Diagnosed T2D Patients and Morbidly Obese

Marina Canyelles, Antonio Pérez, Alexandra Junza, Inka Miñambres, Oscar Yanes, Helena Sardà, Noemí Rotllan, Josep Julve, Sònia Benitez, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada, Mireia Tondo, Joan Carles Escolà-Gil, Francisco Blanco-Vaca

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: γ-butyrobetaine; glycemic control; liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; obesity; trimethylamine N-oxide; type 2 diabetes

Online: 14 September 2022 (08:08:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0194.v1

Pronounced Declines in Meperidine in the US: Is the End Imminent?

Lavinia R Harrison, Rhudjerry E. Arnet, Anthony Soto Ramos, Poul A. Chinga, Trinidy R. Anthony, John M. Boyle, Kenneth L. McCall, Stephanie D. Nichols, Brian J. Piper

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Anesthesiology Keywords: opiate; pain; neurotoxicity; misuse

Online: 14 September 2022 (05:55:26 CEST)

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Background: Once a widely used analgesic in the United States (US), meperidine offered an alternative to other opioids as a pain reliever. However, within the last two decades, meperidine has gone from a drug to be utilized only when patients exhibit atypical reactions to opioids (e.g., morphine and hydromorphone) to being taken off the World Health Organization List of Essential Medications and receiving strong recommendations for the overall avoidance. The aim of this study was to identify changes in meperidine distribution in the US and regional disparities as reported to the Drug Enforcement Administration’s Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System (DEA ARCOS) and Medicaid. Methods: Data related to the meperidine distribution was obtained through ARCOS (2001 –2021) and Medicaid public use files (2016 –2021). Heat maps were used to visualize regional disparities in distribution by state. States outside a 95% confidence interval were statistically significant. Results: Meperidine distribution between 2001 and 2021 decreased by 97.4% (R=.-97, P < .0001). There was a 34-fold state-level difference in meperidine distribution between Arkansas (16.8 mg/10 persons) and Connecticut (0.5 mg/ 10 persons) in 2020. Meperidine distribution in 2020 was elevated in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Alabama. In 2021, Meperidine distribution was highest in Arkansas ( 1.67 /10 persons) and lowest in Connecticut (0.08 /10 persons). Total prescriptions of meperidine as reported by Medicaid decreased by 73.8% (R= -0.67, P = 0.045) between 2016 and 2021. Conclusion: We observed a decrease in the overall distribution of meperidine in the past two decades with similar recent declines in prescribing to Medicaid enrollees. The shortage of some parenteral formulations is an important contributor to these declines. This data may reflect plans to phase out the use of this opioid, especially in the many situations where preferred opioids are available.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0309.v8

Chronic Positive Mass Balance is the Actual Etiology of Obesity: A Living Review

Anssi Manninen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: obesity; body weight regulation; macronutrients; energy balance theory; mass balance model; paradigm shift; living review

Online: 14 September 2022 (03:21:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0185.v1

Role of Chest Radiographs and Electrocardiograms in Predicting the Hemodynamics of Congenital Heart Disease

Romila Chimoriya, Gaurav Kumar, Kritika Rana, Ritesh Chimoriya, Reena Anand, Kulbhusan S. Dagar, Neeraj Awasthy

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pediatrics Keywords: congenital heart disease; chest radiograph; electrocardiogram; echocardiography

Online: 14 September 2022 (02:55:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0258.v2

Neonatal Intra-Ventricular-Hemorrhage Prevention in Premature at < 30 Weeks Gestational Age. A 12 years experience

Angela Hoyos, Pablo Vasquez-Hoyos

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pediatrics Keywords: Intraventricular Hemorrhage; Very preterm infants; Epiclatino registry; Obstetric trauma; Minimal manipulation protocol.

Online: 13 September 2022 (13:28:31 CEST)

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Introduction: Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH) is a devastating condition mostly in preterm infants at < 30 weeks GA with large morbidities and mortality usually in the first 72 hours after birth. Prevention seems to be the only way to completely deal with this problem. The IVH prevention in this age group has been studied and includes some strategies such as prenatal corticosteroids, cesarean delivery, careful extraction among others, but still, it has an unacceptably high incidence in this population. A protocol with the name Drive to Zero IVH Prevention Project that was presented in one of EpicLatino conferences some years ago. As with any quality improvement in practices, we adapted this project to our unit. Objective: To compare the IVH incidence in our unit after the protocol implementation with and historic cohort from the same unit and with all other units un the epilactino network. Material and method: In October 2017 we begun to implement a neuro protection protocol. For this analysis we include every patient born <30 weeks of GA, inborn or outborn but less than 2 days old, that survived at least three days and had a neuroimaging preformed. We include cases until July 2022, and we use the EpicLatino, a Latin-American database, from 2018 to 2020 excluding our own unit for comparison as well as an historical cohort from our unit from 2010-2017. The protocol consists of: Minimal manipulation, low volume ventilation, one routine fiscal exam a day, neutral head position, one blood pressure measured per shift, no keel stick measurements, continuous dim light and low noise level, minimal touch, no vasoactive therapy except in extreme cases, temperature and humidity at 80%, catheters, when possible, fluid restriction followed with diuresis, no PDA therapy or Echo if possible and routine therapy with hydrocortisone, erythropoietin, caffeine, parenteral nutrition, and trophic feeding. e performed a univariate analysis for IVH and groups and a logistic regression model with variables that had statistical significance in the univariate analysis. Results: The study group included 64 cases, the historic cohort 123 and the EpicLatino 1029. Demographic characteristics were similar with few statistically significant differences. We found four grade 1-2 and six grade 3-4 IVH in the study group (some caused by very traumatic delivery with multiples hematomas in head, body, and extremities), all significantly lower that the other two groups. The logistic regression model confirmed the independent statistically significant result in the study group. Conclusion: The hemorrhage during delivery must be prevented by the obstetric team. Afterwards, a set of interventions like very gentle handling with minimal manipulation and unnecessary strict lab managing seams to decrease the incidence of IVH.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0179.v1

Prevalence of Drug-Drug Interactions and Duplicate Therapy in Chronic Patients in Switzerland: A Real-World Data Study

Redona Hafizi, Anja Bauert

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: polypharmacy; duplicate therapy; digital health; inappropriate prescribing; contraindicated drugs; drug-drug interactions; pharmacoepidemiology

Online: 13 September 2022 (12:25:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0178.v1

A Prospective Cohort Study: Erector Spinae Plane Block Decreases Chronic Postoperative Pain Severity in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Marcin Wiech, Sławomir Żurek, Arkadiusz Kurowicki, Beata Horeczy, Mirosław Czczuwar, Paweł Piwowarczyk, Kazimierz Widenka, Michał Borys

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Anesthesiology Keywords: chronic postoperative pain; erector spinae plane block; coronary artery bypass grafting; Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory

Online: 13 September 2022 (11:24:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0173.v1

Associations between Deformation of the Thoracolumbar Fascia and Activation of the Erector Spinae Muscle in Patients with Acute Low Back Pain and Healthy Controls. A Matched Pair Case-Control Study

Andreas Brandl, Christoph Egner, Rüdiger Reer, Tobias Schmidt, Robert Schleip

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Sport Sciences & Therapy Keywords: EMG; ultrasound imaging; low back pain; thoracolumbar fascia; erector spinae muscle; muscle spindle

Online: 13 September 2022 (10:38:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0171.v2

Drug Combinations to Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance: Some Correlations and Laws, and their Verifications, thus Proposing Some Principles and a Preliminary Scheme

Houqin Yi, Ganjun Yuan, Shimin Li, Xuejie Xu, Yingying Guan, Li Zhang, Yu Yan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pharmacology & Toxicology Keywords: combination; antimicrobial resistance; selection index; collateral sensitivity; mutant prevention concentration; minimal inhibitory concentration; fractional inhibitory concentration index; stress factor

Online: 13 September 2022 (07:53:32 CEST)

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been a serious threat to human health, and combination therapy is proved to be an economic and effective strategy to fight the resistance. However, the abuse of drug combinations would conversely accelerate the spread of AMR. In our previous work, it had been concluded that the mutant selection indexes (SIs) of one agent against a specific bacterial strain are closely related to the proportions of two agents in a drug combination. To discover probable correlations, predictors and laws for further proposing feasible principles and schemes guiding the AMR-preventing practice, here three aspects were further explored. First, the power function (y=ax^b, a > 0) correlation between the SI (y) of one agent and the ratio value (x) of two agents in a drug combination was further established based on the mathematical and statistical analyses for those experimental data, and two rules a₁ × MIC₁ = a₂ × MIC₂ and b₁ + b₂ = -1 were discovered from both equations of y=a₁x^b1 and y=a₂x^b2 respectively for two agents in drug combinations. Simultaneously, it was found that one agent with larger MPC alone for drug combinations show greater potency for narrowing itself MSW and preventing the resistance. Second, a new concept as mutation-preventing selection index (MPSI) was proposed and used for evaluating the mutation-preventing potency difference of two agents in drug combinations, and the positive correlation between the MPSI and the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) or minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was subsequently established. Inspired by this, the significantly positive correlation, contrary to previous reports, between the MIC and the corresponding MPC of antimicrobial agents against pathogenic bacteria was established using one hundred and eighty-one of data pairs reported. These results together of above three aspects indicate that the MPCs in alone and combination are very important indexes for drug combinations to predict the mutation-preventing effects and the trajectories of collateral sensitivity, and while the MPC of an agent can be roughly calculated from its corresponding MIC. Subsequently, the former conclusion was further verified and improved by the antibiotic exposure to forty-three groups designed as different drug concentrations and various proportions. The results further proposed that the C/MPC for the agent with larger proportion in drug combinations can be considered as a predictor and is the key to judge whether the resistance and the collateral sensitivity occur to two agents. Based on these above correlations, laws, and their verification experiments, some principles were proposed, and a diagram of the mutation-preventing effects and the resistant trajectories for drug combinations with different concentrations and ratios of two agents was presented. Simultaneously, the reciprocal of MPC alone (1/MPC), proposed as the stress factors of two agents in drug combinations, together with their SI in combination, is the key to predict the mutation-preventing potency and control the trajectories of collateral sensitivity. Finally, a preliminary scheme for antimicrobial combinations preventing the AMR was further proposed for subsequent improvement research and clinic popularization, based on the above analyses and discussion. Moreover, some similar conclusions were speculated for triple or multiple drug combinations.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0161.v1

Daratumumab Interferes with Histocompatibility Crossmatch Impacting Immunological Assessment in Solid Organ Transplantation

Chak-Sum Ho, Kyle R. Putnam, Christine R. Peiter, Walter Herczyk, John A. Gerlach, Yee Lu, Erica L. Campagnaro, Kenneth J. Woodside, Matthew F. Cusick

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: Antibody-mediated rejection; Crossmatch; Daratumumab; End-stage renal disease; Flow cytometry; HLA; Multiple myeloma; Transplantation

Online: 13 September 2022 (05:48:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0408.v2

Physician’s Hesitancy in Treating COVID-19 Patients and Its Associated Occupational Risk Factors in Indonesia: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey

Dewi Sumaryani Soemarko, Aria Kekalih, Ari Fahrial Syam, Evy Yunihastuti, Herikurniawan Herikurniawan, Mikhael Yosia

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: hesitancy; covid-19; post-covid; medical doctors; indonesia

Online: 13 September 2022 (05:13:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0156.v1

In Vitro Characterization of a Tissue Renin-Angiotensin System in Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells

Babak Saravi, Zhen Li, Valentina Basoli, Sibylle Grad, Sonja Häckel, Christoph E. Albers, Mauro Alini, Hagen Schmal, Peter Obid, Gernot Lang

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Intervertebral disc; inflammation; degeneration; renin-angiotensin system; therapy; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

Online: 13 September 2022 (04:29:50 CEST)

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Low back pain is a clinically highly relevant musculoskeletal burden and is associated with inflammatory as well as degenerative processes of the intervertebral disc. However, the pathophysiology and cellular pathways contributing to this devastating condition are still poorly understood. Based on previous evidence, we hypothesize that tissue renin-angiotensin system (tRAS) components, including the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), are present in human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and associated with inflammatory and degenerative processes. Experiments were performed with NP cells from 4 human donors. The existence of angiotensin II, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1), AGTR2, MAS-receptor (MasR), and ACE2 in human NP cells was validated with immunofluorescent staining and gene expression analysis. Hereafter the cell viability was assessed after adding agonists and antagonists of the target receptors as well as angiotensin II in different concentrations for up to 48 hours of exposure. A TNF-α-induced inflammatory in vitro model was employed to assess the impact of angiotensin II addition and the stimulation or inhibition of the tRAS receptors on inflammation, tissue remodeling, expression of tRAS markers, and the release of nitric oxide (NO) into the medium. Further, protein levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and intracellular as well as secreted angiotensin II were assessed after exposing the cells to the substances, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels were evaluated utilizing Western Blot. The existence of tRAS receptors and angiotensin II were validated in human NP cells. Cell viability analysis revealed no cytotoxic effects of angiotensin II. The AGTR1 inhibitor Candesartan and the MAS receptors AVE0991 showed cytotoxic effects at high concentrations (100 µM). The addition of angiotensin II only showed a mild impact on gene expression markers. However, there was a significant increase in NO secreted by the cells. The gene expression ratios of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-6/IL--10, IL-8/IL-10, and TNF-α /IL-10 were positively correlated with the AGTR1/AGTR2 and AGTR1/MAS1 ratios, respectively. The stimulation of the AGTR2 MAS-receptor and the inhibition of the AGTR1 receptor revealed beneficial effects on the gene expression of inflammatory and tissue remodeling markers. This finding was also present at the protein level. We did not find alterations in iNOS protein concentrations after adding the drugs. The current data showed that tRAS components are expressed in human NP cells and are associated with inflammatory and degenerative processes. Further characterization of the associated pathways is warranted. The findings indicate that tRAS modulation might be a novel therapeutic approach to intervertebral disc disease.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0309.v7

Chronic Positive Mass Balance is the Actual Etiology of Obesity: A Living Review

Anssi Manninen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: obesity; body weight regulation; macronutrients; energy balance theory; mass balance model; paradigm shift; living review

Online: 13 September 2022 (03:08:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0153.v1

Risk of Hospitalization in Diabetic Patients with Severe Hypoglycemia: A Single-Center Study

Leonardo Pieramati, Enzo Mantovani, Giuseppe Lucchini, Massimo Amato

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: hypoglycemia; hospitalization; diabetes

Online: 13 September 2022 (02:35:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0437.v2

UniStArt: A 12-Month Prospective Observational Study of Body Weight, Dietary Intake, and Physical Activity Levels in Australian First-Year University Students

Nina Wilson, Anthony Villani, Sze-Yen Tan, Evangeline Mantzioris

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: freshman; weight gain; body composition; diet; physical activity

Online: 12 September 2022 (11:10:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0139.v1

BCG Vaccine – The Road Not Taken

Coad Dow, Laith Kidess

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG); tuberculosis; Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM); nonspecific effects; Trained Immunity; Type 1 Diabetes; Multiple Sclerosis; Parkinson’s Disease; Alzheimer’s disease; Mycobacterium avium ss. paratuberculosis (MAP); molecular mimicry; Global Burden of Disease

Online: 12 September 2022 (09:36:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0137.v1

Machine Learning Classification of Specific Serologic Cytokines May Improve Detection of Recent, Fall Induced, Sub-Concussional Brain Changes in Geriatric Nondemented Subjects

Eduard Drima, Camelia Vrabie

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: Chronic geriatric inflammation; machine learning C4.5 classification; brain ventricular volumes; recent fall; subconcussive brain trauma

Online: 9 September 2022 (13:05:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0134.v1

Validation of a Novel User Interface and Calculation Method For Determining Nasal Resistance And Patency

Karen Parker Davidson, William E Harrell, Jr.

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: nasal function; validation; software; nasal resistance; rhinomanometry; acoustic rhinometry; peak nasal inspiratory flow meter; practice patterns; objective measurement outcomes; parameters

Online: 9 September 2022 (09:41:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0133.v1

Can Radiomics Provide Additional Information in [18F]FET-Negative Glioma?

Katharina Von Rohr, Marcus Unterrainer, Adrien Holzgreve, Maximilian A. Kirchner, Zhicong Li, Lena M. Unterrainer, Bogdana Suchorska, Matthias Brendel, Jörg-Christian Tonn, Peter Bartenstein, Sibylle Ziegler, Nathalie L. Albert, Lena Kaiser

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: amino acid PET; FET PET; glioma; FET negative; photopenic; radiomics

Online: 9 September 2022 (09:31:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0131.v1

POLARIS (Polybactum^® to Assess Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis): Open-label, Non-controlled, International Clinical Study with Extended 10-month Follow-up without Treatment

Filippo Murina, Paolo Inghirami, Marius Biriș, Daniela Sîrbu, Dionisio Franco Barattini, Luca Ivan Ardolino, Mario Mangrella, Elena Casolati, Serban Marius Roșu, Ciprian Crișan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Keywords: bacterial vaginosis; recurrent vaginitis; biofilm; polycarbophil

Online: 9 September 2022 (07:33:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0132.v1

Tissue Engineering in Gynecology

David Brownell, Stéphane Chabaud, Stéphane Bolduc

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Keywords: tissue engineering; ovary; uterus; vagina; gynecology

Online: 9 September 2022 (07:33:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0126.v1

Liposome Formulation for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery Using Radiation Therapy

Amanda J. Stolarz, Bijay P. Chhetri, Michael J. Borrelli, Samir V. Jenkins, Azemat Jamshidi-Parsian, Joshua H. Phillips, Daniel Fologea, Jay Gandy, Robert J. Griffin

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: liposome; tumor-targeted; radiation; tumor; drug delivery; chemotherapy

Online: 8 September 2022 (14:06:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0125.v1

Appropriate Human Serum Albumin Fluid Therapy and the Alleviation COVID-19 Vulnerabilities; An Explanation of the HSA Lymphatic Nutrient Pump

Andrew S. Johnson, Gianluca Polese, Max Johnson, William Winlow

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Human serum albumin; COVID-19 vulnerabilities; fluid therapy; albumin binding deficiency; lymphatic nutrient pump; colloid pressure; interstitial spaces; albumin infusion; hepatic portal vein

Online: 8 September 2022 (13:40:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0121.v1

Effects of Cathinones (Bath Salts) On Cultured Primary Neurons/Astroglia Cells and Neurobehavioral Functions in Mice

Tyler M. Selig, Kevin Pierre, Rawad Daniel Arja, Abeer Dagra, Mark Gold, Vijaya Raghavan, Firas Kobeissy, Zhihui Yang, Kevin K. W. Wang

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: Cathinones; Designer drugs; Bath salts; Neuronal injury; astroglial injury; Calpain; Caspase

Online: 8 September 2022 (09:14:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0116.v1

Determinants of Parents’ Motive to Vaccinate their 12–17 Years Old Children against COVID-19 in North Kivu (DRC)

Stephane Hans Bateyi Mustafa, Michel Kabamba Nzaji, Rosebella Onyango O

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: parents’ motive to vaccinate; coronavirus disease; children

Online: 8 September 2022 (03:11:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0115.v1

Profound Impact of Decline in N-Acetylgalactosamine-4-Sulfatase (Arylsulfatase B) on Molecular Pathophysiology and Human Diseases

Joanne K Tobacman, Sumit Bhattacharyya

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: : N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase; Arylsulfatase B; chondroitin 4-sulfate; dermatan sulfate; sulfated glycosaminoglycans; mucopolysaccharidosis; cystic fibrosis; malignancy; proteoglycans; Warburg effect

Online: 8 September 2022 (03:07:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0114.v1

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Blood Transfusion among Healthcare Providers in Qatar

Danial Hassan, Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Mohamed Yassin

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: Blood Transfusion; Knowledge; Attitude; Practice; Healthcare Providers

Online: 8 September 2022 (03:02:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0113.v1

The Crosstalk Between Microbiome, Cancer Immunology, and Immunotherapeutics: Myth or Reality

Alireza Tojjari, Hassan M. Abushukair, Anwaar Saeed

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: Cancer; Immunotherapy; Microbiome; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor; Immunology; Therapy

Online: 7 September 2022 (12:42:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0111.v1

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Eastern Mediterranean Hospitals: Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Razieh Anari, Bahareh Nikooyeh, Houra Mohseni, Tirang Reza Neyestani

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: eastern Mediterranean; EMR; hospital; malnutrition; prevalence; systematic review

Online: 7 September 2022 (11:06:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0110.v1

The Link between ADHD and Antisocial Behavior: The Moderating Role of the Protective Factor Sense of Coherence

Haym Dayan, Mona Khoury-Kassabri, Yehuda Pollak

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: ADHD; Antisocial Behavior; Sense of Coherence; Protective Factors

Online: 7 September 2022 (11:03:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0105.v1

Evaluation of Anterior and Posterior Corneal Higher Order Aberrations for the Detection of Keratoconus and Suspect Keratoconus

Abdelrahman Salman, Obeda Kailani, John Marshall, Marwan Ghabra, Ashraf Armia Balamoun, Taym R. Darwish, Abdul Aziz Badla, Hala Alhaji

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: higher-order aberrations; sensitivity; keratoconus suspect; Sirius topography; Scheimpflug

Online: 7 September 2022 (07:24:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0102.v1

Effectiveness of Acute Malnutrition Treatment at Health Center and Community Level with a Simplified, Combined Protocol in Mali: An Observational Cohort Study

Suvi T. Kangas, Bethany Marron, Zachary Tausanovitch, Elizabeth Radin, Josiane Andrianarisoa, Salimou Dembele, Issa Niamanto Coulibaly, Cesaire Ouedraogo, Marie Biotteau, Bareye Ouologuem, Soumaila Daou, Fatoumata Traore, Issiaka Traore, Marc Nene, Jeanette Bailey

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nutrition Keywords: acute malnutrition; combined protocol; community-based management of acute malnutrition; ef-fectiveness; Mali; mid-upper-arm circumference; moderate acute malnutrition; ready-to-use ther-apeutic food; treatment; severe acute malnutrition; simplified protocol; wasting

Online: 7 September 2022 (05:21:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0101.v1

T-cell Response and Antibody Production by Booster COVID-19 Vaccination in Japanese Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Treated with Hemodialysis

Ayumi Yoshifuji, Masataro Toda, Munekazu Ryuzaki, Emi Oyama, Kan Kikuchi, Toru Kawai, Ken Sakai, Masayoshi Koinuma, Kazuhiko Katayama, Yuki Uehara, Norio Ohmagari, Yoshihiko Kanno, Hirofumi Kon, Junko Tanaka, Toshio Shinoda, Yaoko Takano, Kazuhiko Hora, Yasushi Nakazawa, Naoki Hasegawa, Norio Hanafusa, Fumihiko Hinoshita, Keita Morikane, Shu Wakino, Hidetomo Nakamoto, Yoshiaki Takemoto

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: COVID-19; hemodialysis; vaccination; cellular immunity; humoral immunity; adverse reactions

Online: 7 September 2022 (05:14:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0096.v1

Tumor Molecular and Microenvironment Characteristics in EBV-Associated Malignancies as Potential Therapeutic Targets: Focus on Gastric Cancer

Aviva Atri Schuller, Hassan Abushukair, Ludimila Cavalcante, Stijn Hentzen, Azhar Saeed, Anwaar Saeed

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: EBV; EBV malignancies; EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC); Tumor microenvironment (TME); IFN-gamma; IDO1; H pylori; TAMs; M1; M2.

Online: 7 September 2022 (03:23:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0093.v1

Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: at the Heart of The Problem. Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, Sars-Cov-2 Affection and Gender in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward

Filomena Pietrantonio, Angela Ciamei, Antonio Vinci, Tiziana CIARAMBINO, Elena Alessi, Matteo Pascucci, Michela Delli Castelli, Silvia Zito, Simona Sanguedolce, Marianna Rainone, Jacopo Di Lorenzo, Fabio Vinci, Giulia Laurelli, Claudia Di Iorio, Roberto Corsi, Serafino Ricci, Alessandra Di Berardino, Matteo Ruggeri, Francesco Rosiello

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: Polypharmacy management, COVID -19, Gender medicine, economic perspective

Online: 7 September 2022 (02:29:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0087.v1

Association of Infant Feeding Indicators and Infant Feeding Practices with Coexisting Forms of Malnutrition in Children under Six Months of Age

ASIF KHALIQ, Darren Wraith, Yvette D Miller, Smita Nambiar

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pediatrics Keywords: Malnutrition; association; feeding; practice; infants; Pakistan

Online: 6 September 2022 (10:13:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0084.v1

The CSHQ-DE Questionnaire Uncovers Relevant Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Long COVID-19

Sarah Werner, Claus Doerfel, Richard Biedermann, Michael Lorenz, Marius Rasche, Hans Proquitté, Lars Newman, Daniel Vilser

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pediatrics Keywords: long COVID; Post COVID-19 condition; sleep disorders, SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus; children

Online: 6 September 2022 (10:01:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0080.v1

Prognostic Impact of LAG-3 Expression in Early Breast Cancer

Anne-Sophie Heimes, Katrin Almstedt, Slavomir Krajnak, Anne Runkel, Annika Droste, Roxana Schwab, Kathrin Stewen, Antje Lebrecht, Marco J. Battista, Walburgis Brenner, Annette Hasenburg, Mathias Gehrmann, Jan G. Hengstler, Marcus Schmidt

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: LAG-3; immuncheckpoints; immunotherapy; breast cancer

Online: 6 September 2022 (03:50:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0079.v1

Hepatitis C Core Protein Induces a Genotype-specific Susceptibility of Hepatocytes to TNF-induced Death in vitro and in vivo

Savvina Moustafa, Katerina Kassela, Maria Bampali, Nikolas Dovrolis, Athanassios Kakkanas, Apostolos Beloukas, Penelope Mavromara, Ioannis Karakasiliotis

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: Hepatitis C virus; core protein; TNFα

Online: 6 September 2022 (03:38:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0069.v1

E2F4DN Transgenic Mice: A Tool for the Evaluation of E2F4 as a Therapeutic Target in Neuropathology and Brain Aging

Morgan Ramón-Landreau, Cristina Sánchez-Puelles, Noelia López-Sánchez, Anna Lozano-Ureña, Aina M. Llabrés-Mas, José M. Frade

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: acetylated E2F4; synapsis; tissue homeostasis; Alzheimer’s disease; 5xFAD mice; neuroinflammation; microgliosis; reactive astrocytes.

Online: 5 September 2022 (13:52:27 CEST)

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E2F4 was initially described as a transcription factor with a key function in the regulation of cell quiescence. Nevertheless, a number of recent studies have established that E2F4 can also play a relevant role in cell and tissue homeostasis as well as tissue regeneration. For these non-canonical functions, E2F4 can also act in the cytoplasm, where it is able to interact with many homeostatic and synaptic regulators. Since E2F4 is expressed in the nervous system, it may fulfill a crucial role in brain function and homeostasis, being a promising multifactorial target for neurodegenerative diseases and brain aging. The regulation of E2F4 is complex as it can be chemically modified through acetylation, from which we present evidence in the brain, as well as methylation, and phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of E2F4 within a conserved threonine motif induces cell cycle re-entry in neurons, while a dominant negative form of E2F4 (E2F4DN), in which the conserved threonines have been substituted by alanines, has been shown to act as a multifactorial therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We have generated transgenic mice neuronally expressing E2F4DN. We have recently shown using this mouse strain that expression of E2F4DN in 5xFAD mice, a known murine model of AD, improved cognitive function, reduced neuronal tetraploidization, and induced a transcriptional program consistent with modulation of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide proteostasis and brain homeostasis recovery. 5xFAD/E2F4DN mice also showed reduced microgliosis and astrogliosis in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus at 3-6 months of age. Here we have analyzed the immune response in 1 year-old 5xFAD/E2F4DN mice, concluding that reduced microgliosis and astrogliosis is maintained at this late stage. In addition, the expression of E2F4DN also reduced age-associated microgliosis in wild-type mice, thus stressing its role as a brain homeostatic agent. We conclude that E2F4DN transgenic mice represent a promising tool for the evaluation of E2F4 as a therapeutic target in neuropathology and brain aging.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0407.v2

Decrease in the Use of Parenteral Fluids in Premature Infants from 30 to 34 Weeks of Gestation at Birth

Angela Hoyos, Pablo Vasquez-Hoyos

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pediatrics Keywords: Parenteral fluids in premature infants; late premature infants; infections associated with the use of lines; early oral feeds

Online: 5 September 2022 (13:05:52 CEST)

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Introduction: Some of the practices in medicine are carried out of habit without proven benefits. This is the case of premature babies from 30 to 34 weeks of gestation who are always given parenteral fluids, even though this practice has been associated with an increase incidence of infection. At the end of 2017, we started a protocol of rationalization in the use of parenteral fluid. To administer nutrition/fluids, we used oral fluids by suction if this was possible or otherwise by oral/nasogastric tube at volumes of 70-80 mL/Kg/day divided every 3 hours, with 5 mL increments every 12-24 hours until 200 mL/K/day was achieved, always using breast milk when possible. Material and methods: The present study sought to compare results before and after this new policy. For this work, we review all premature babies between 30-34 weeks of gestation in two time periods, the first from 01/01/2010 to 12/31/2017 and the second from 01/01/2018 to 08/15/2022. The number of cases with and without parenteral fluids (PF), the incidence of infection, the weight at admission and discharge, and the change in the weight Z score between birth and discharge were compared. Both the anthropometric and outcome variables were compared using the different statistical methods according to each variable. Results: were found 920 cases with the described characteristics. The groups before and after the intervention did not show significant differences in their general demographic characteristics. We observed a decrease use of PF in the second period, from 425 cases (82.0%) before to 297 (26.2%) after implementation, p <0.0001 and fewer days of use (4.1 days/average before vs 1.3 after, p <0.0001) of PF. The weight at discharge and the change in weight Z-score were the same in both groups. Infections went from nine cases before to two cases after but it was not statistically significant. There were no complications due to less use of PF. Discussion: This study showed that the use of PF is not associated with significant changes in outcomes of interest, which reinforces that its use does not generate any benefit for the patient. Larger number of cases is required to detect differences in low incidence events such as infections.

MEDICINE & PHARMACOLOGY