Abstract: Warm rain events occur when moist air masses containing elevated precipitable water produce high rainfall rates capable of generating local flash floods. Catalonia, located on the northeastern Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula, is regularly affected by such episodes: approximately 70% of daily precipitation events exceeding 10 mm with fewer than ten cloud-to-ground lightning flashes can be classified as warm rain. The current research aimed to identify the meteorological conditions most conducive to heavy warm rain episodes in Catalonia. These cases are commonly associated with flash flood episodes in the study region. We have utilized rain gauges, lightning data, radar, and model fields, combined with radio sounding profiles. First, we have identified and characterized warm rain cases, and secondly, we have selected some relevant cases to characterize the phenomenon. These events occur predominantly along the Catalan coast during the warm season, typically following the passage of a cold front, and are associated with shallow convective clouds producing little or no lightning. However, the key determining factor is a characteristic vertical thermodynamic profile: a moist and saturated lower troposphere with high precipitable water beneath a low- to mid-level thermal inversion, weak instability concentrated near the surface. Furthermore, local wind convergence plays a principal role in the rainfall pattern.

Abstract: Accurate replication of road signal effects over the vehicles in laboratory environments is critical for vehicle durability testing and development. However, the traditional signal reconstruction methods often suffer from the inclusion of noise in the collected acceleration data. Thus, there is a limitation on the fidelity of hydraulic road simulations. This study proposes a comprehensive experimental-analytical framework for motorcycle testing in a laboratory environment. In the study, the integration of Fourier-based curve fitting with nonlinear adaptive control algorithms was done. Experimental signals were initially collected from a motorcycle on three different road surfaces. The displacement reference signals for the hydraulic actuators were generated using a harmonic curve-fitting approach from these signals. The performance analysis of the reconstruction signals was investigated in both the time and frequency domains. To ensure accurate trajectory tracking performance under parametric uncertainties, an adaptive backstepping control algorithm was designed. Experimental results revealed the superior performance of the proposed controller at all three road profiles, achieving Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) as low as 1.3 mm. The controller exhibited robustness, maintaining consistent tracking precision with negligible performance variance across significantly different road characteristics, thereby validating the framework's utility for fatigue analysis.

Abstract: In this paper we introduce the CDF manifold algorithm that operates on data sets where a single target dimension is strictly increasing given a minimum of two or more number of input dimension which is very common in telco data. The manifold can then be used to compute the closest upper and lower limit to a given new point as well as its CDF. Training takes O(n.ln[n]) steps in the best case and O(n^3/2) in the worst case. Look up takes O(ln[n]) steps in the best case and O(n^1/2) in the worst case. The asymptotic computational cost is proven with a theorem. We compared our manifold method versus a standard dense neural network and show the asymptotic advantages both in terms of speed and accuracy. We also comment of potentials speed gains through the use of reference points. In summary, the manifold is a non-parametric and explanatory method to find the tightest data driven upper and lower limit of the output dimension given a new unseen input. This makes it ideal for planning new site deployments where we would need to find actual measurements as base-line performance.

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can disseminate replication-competent viral genomes complexed with selected host proteins, enabling stealth cell-to-cell transfer within lipid membrane-enclosed bubbles. In addition to complementing free-virion spread, EV-associated genomes can be protected from neutralizing antibodies and persist under conditions in which classical virion production decreases. Here, we propose a route-resolved framework in which interconnected cellular secretory pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remodeling, multivesicular body (MVB) biogenesis, secretory autophagy, and plasma-membrane budding, jointly generate EV heterogeneity and create discrete opportunities for the capture, protection, and export of infectious cargo. We highlight reticulon-3 (RTN3), an ER-shaping protein, as an upstream regulator that can couple infection-induced ER microdomains to endosomal docking and autophagy-linked trafficking decisions that bias intermediates toward secretion rather than degradation. Supporting this view, transmission electron microscopy of dengue virus-infected cells reveals extensive vesicular remodeling, including irregular MVBs adjacent to the plasma membrane and autophagosome-like double-membrane structures, consistent with altered vesicular routing following RTN3 perturbation. Collectively, these route-resolved, spatially organized spatio-organelle changes support a pathomechanistic model in which RTN3-mediated ER remodeling reshapes ER-endosome-autophagy trafficking interfaces, creating regulated decision points that can be leveraged to stratify infectious EV subsets (with infectivity-linked single-vesicle and quantitative proteomics approaches) and to inform host-directed strategies that curb non-lytic viral dissemination.

Abstract: Developmental processes are usually described through dynamical systems and gradient-driven cellular rearrangements, yet their topological constraints are not well characterized. We introduce a mathematical approach linking morphogenesis with the Gömböc, a convex body whose equilibrium structure is minimal under topological constraints. We model developmental dynamics as gradient flows defined on a configuration space of tissue states where a morphogenetic potential integrates mechanical, chemical and adhesive cellular interactions. To explore how varying landscape parameters affect the stability of critical configurations and developmental trajectories, we simulated morphogenetic systems governed by gradient flows with Morse-type potentials. We found that systems approaching minimal critical-point structures display large basins of attraction and convergent trajectories despite diverse initial states. Developmental systems may operate near Gömböc-like dynamical regimes in which the topological properties of the configuration space constrain the number of accessible states, while attractors and gradient dynamics may induce a causal order. Our framework generates testable predictions. Developmental trajectories should concentrate into a small number of preferred channels, with transverse dispersion showing an exponential decay over time. In exponential morphogen gradients, migration time is expected to scale approximately linearly with the initial distance from the source. Saddle-like transitional configurations should appear as intermediate states in morphogenetic landscapes, detectable as brief phases of reduced migration speed and increased directional fluctuations. Overall, a quantitative framework is provided for analyzing developmental robustness, identifying transition bottlenecks in morphogenetic landscapes and predicting how physical or biochemical parameters could reshape developmental trajectories in synthetic and regenerative contexts.

Abstract: Inequalities persist throughout the globalized world. The overall economies of the Global South pales in comparison to the Global North. The difference between the haves and have nots are becoming more and more pronounced as the free economy continues to operate. In this study, we try to determine the factors that affect the differing degree of prosperity gained from globalization. Although we understand that there are numerous factors that contribute to a country’s prosperity that do not relate to the psychology of its constituents, we theorize that human behavior and psychology defined by cultural differences play a major role in how countries take advantage of globalization. Identifying the cause for inequalities in globalization will allow governments to tackle the root causes of their challenges, creating a more productive global community.

Abstract: This study integrates a multi-target in silico screening campaign with in vitro experimental validation to assess a dual-oil phytochemical formulation (cold-pressed Prunus dulcis oil combined with Pinus sylvestris essential oil enriched in α-pinene; commercially referred to as “Naevus Support”) as a candidate adju-vant/alternative strategy against malignant melanoma. First, a comparative molecular docking workflow was applied across a melanoma-relevant target panel spanning the MAPK axis (BRAF, MEK1, ERK2), cell-cycle control (CDK4/6), DNA damage signaling (PARP1), inflammatory lipid signaling (COX-2), and melanogenesis-associated enzymes (tyrosinase), benchmarking major oil constituents and derived chemo-types against standard-of-care inhibitors. Docking energetics and pose-level interaction forensics supported a polypharmacology profile consistent with concurrent suppression of oncogenic signaling nodes and mi-croenvironmental permissive pathways. Second, the same formulation was tested in a Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) viability assay on B16F10 malignant melanoma cells and MRC-5 human fibroblasts, using cisplatin as a reference cytotoxic agent. Across a concentration range of 3–0.045% (v/v) for oils and 20–0.18 mM for cisplatin, the dual-oil formulation induced a dose-dependent reduction of melanoma viability while main-taining comparatively lower toxicity on fibroblasts, indicating a therapeutically relevant selectivity window. Individual-oil profiling suggested that the combined formulation’s anticancer activity cannot be explained by single-oil effects alone, supporting a true inter-oil synergistic enhancement that aligns with the mul-ti-node in silico predictions. Collectively, these data provide a coherent in silico-to-in vitro rationale for further mechanistic follow-up (target deconvolution, pathway readouts, and lipidomic/ROS endpoints) and in vivo translation.

Abstract: The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) from static text generators to autonomous agents has revolutionized their ability to perceive, reason, and act within complex environments. However, this transition from single-model inference to System Engineering Security introduces unique structural vulnerabilities—specifically instruction-data conflation, persistent cognitive states, and untrusted coordination—that extend beyond traditional adversarial robustness. To address the fragmented nature of the existing literature, this article presents a comprehensive and systematic survey of the security landscape for LLM-based agents. We propose a novel, structure-aware taxonomy that categorizes threats into three distinct paradigms: (1) External Interaction Attacks, which exploit vulnerabilities in perception interfaces and tool usage; (2) Internal Cognitive Attacks, which compromise the integrity of reasoning chains and memory mechanisms; and (3) Multi-Agent Collaboration Attacks, which manipulate communication protocols and collective decision-making. Adapting to this threat landscape, we systematize existing mitigation strategies into a unified defense framework that includes input sanitization, cognitive fortification, and collaborative consensus. In addition, we provide the first in-depth comparative analysis of agent-specific security evaluation benchmarks. The survey concludes by outlining critical open problems and future research directions, aiming to foster the development of next-generation agents that are not only autonomous but also provably secure and trustworthy.

Abstract: Today, interest in natural remedies for biocontrol of crop pests is paramount. Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) is studied worldwide to obtain interesting bioactive compounds. Its anti-parasitic activity is associated with the presence of alkaloids in its roots. In this work, we explored the possibility of obtaining from P. granatum roots pelletierine-like alkaloids, which were extracted, characterized, isolated and used for the biocontrol of pests such as Spodoptera littoralis, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi and Meloidogyne javanica. Two different extracts were obtained, characterised and quantified by GC-MS and LC-ESI-HRMS. In vitro assays of nematicidal activity were performed comparing the extracts with isopelletierine and pseudopelletierine as pure molecules. The results of these assays showed a difference in activity between iso- and pseudopelletierine, especially in terms of the nematocidal effect against M. javanica with isopelletierine being more active than pseudopelletierine. This leads us to conclude that only extracts from P. granatum roots with a high concentration of isopelletierine alkaloid can be used in effective pest control products.

Abstract: TBEV is a major cause of viral central nervous system infections in Europe, with heterogeneous geographical distribution and substantial underdiagnosis in low-incidence regions. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of regional TBE risk classification in Poland by combining surveillance-based incidence data with serological markers of TBEV exposure. Plasma samples from 5,541 blood donors residing in nine regions were tested by anti-TBEV IgG ELISA, followed by confirmatory VNT, IFA and anti-NS1 IgG ELISA to differentiate infection-induced from vaccine-induced antibodies. Regions were classified based on average TBE incidence from 2015–2019. Overall, anti-TBEV IgG screening reactivity was detected in 4.9% of donors, with significant regional variation (p < 0.001). The highest seroprevalence was observed in highly affected regions; however, unexpectedly elevated seroprevalence was also detected in regions classified as low affected. Markers consistent with TBEV infection (anti-NS1 IgG) were identified in only 2.6% of donors, whereas vaccine-induced immunity accounted for the majority of seropositive results. Male sex was independently associated with higher odds of seropositivity. Our findings suggest that passive surveillance data alone may insufficiently capture population-level exposure to TBEV, particularly in regions considered non-endemic. Integrating sero-epidemiological data with surveillance systems may improve risk assessment and inform targeted prevention strategies.

Abstract: Adults with physical disabilities living in rural areas often experience limited access to structured physical activity and prolonged waiting times for rehabilitation services. Traditional one-to-one therapy models may not adequately support sustained physical activity participation while maintaining service capacity. This study evaluated the functional and service-level impact of a community-based group exercise programme implemented within a rural adult disability service. A prospective service evaluation using a repeated-measures pre–post design was conducted in County Longford, Ireland. Adults with neurological and neuromuscular conditions were signposted through HSE Adult Disability Services to an 8-week supervised group exercise programme delivered in partnership with community infrastructure. Outcome measures included the 10-Metre Walk Test, 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test, Berg Balance Scale, and EQ-5D health status scale. Changes in functional outcomes were interpreted using established minimal clinically important difference thresholds, while service-level impact was assessed through comparison of physiotherapy waiting list volume and maximum waiting times before and after implementation. Participants demonstrated improvements in mobility, lower limb strength, balance, and self-reported health status, with several achieving clinically meaningful gains in gait speed and functional strength. At a service level, physiotherapy waiting list volume reduced by 93.9% (66 to 4 clients) and maximum waiting time decreased by 86.7% (30 to 4 weeks). Embedding structured community-based exercise pathways within rural disability services may improve functional outcomes while alleviating pressure on rehabilitation services and supporting more sustainable models of care.

Abstract: Background: Early and accurate assessment of traumatic injuries in pediatric patients is critical for timely diagnosis and prevention of missed associated injuries. The Pediatric Trauma Support System (PTSS) is a digital clinical decision support tool designed to integrate physiological parameters, trauma mechanism, and demographic characteristics to provide automated trauma risk assessment in children. Aim: To evaluate the clinical applicability of the Pediatric Trauma Support System (PTSS) in the primary assessment of pediatric patients with blunt trauma and to analyze the sensitivity of the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS), particularly in children under one year of age. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Emergency Department and the Department of Pediatric Surgery at the University Hospital “St. George”, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The study included 100 pediatric patients aged 0-18 years presenting with blunt traumatic injuries. Standard clinical evaluation was performed for all patients, including assessment of vital signs and neurological status using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). PTSS was used to automatically calculate the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) and generate recommendations for imaging diagnostics. Twenty-five patients were under two years of age, including nine infants younger than one year (6 boys and 3 girls). Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed descriptively. Results: Among the nine patients under one year of age, all had PTS values below the normal age-adjusted threshold. In cases of mild trauma the PTS was 9/12, while in moderate trauma it was 8/12. The PTSS algorithm generated recommendations for head computed tomography (CT) and abdominal ultrasound in all infants. Head imaging was performed in all nine patients, revealing a parietal bone fracture in one 27-day-old infant. Abdominal ultrasound was not performed in clinical practice despite the algorithmic recommendation. In patients older than one year with similar trauma severity, PTS values were higher (11/12), and PTSS recommended only head CT without additional abdominal imaging. Conclusion: PTSS provides a structured and automated approach to pediatric trauma assessment by integrating PTS with clinical and demographic parameters. The system demonstrates increased sensitivity in infants under one year of age, where physiological characteristics may mask significant associated injuries. Automated recommendations for additional imaging may contribute to earlier detection of occult injuries and improved patient safety in pediatric trauma care.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Nuclear receptor corepressors NCOR1 and NCOR2 are key regulators of transcriptional repression, chromatin remodelling, and immunometabolic signalling. While NCOR1 has already been linked to vascular biology, its relevance in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains unclear, particularly for NCOR2. This study aimed to investigate the expression, cellular localisation, and molecular interactions of NCOR1/2 in human AAA tissue. Methods: Human AAA samples (elective and ruptured) (n=45) and non-aneurysmal control aortas (n=18) were obtained from our Swiss Vascular Biobank. Transcriptomic profiling was performed using ribosomal RNA-depleted RNA sequencing. Differential expression and correlation analyses were performed using DESeq2/EdgeR and Spearman rank correlation with Benjamini–Hochberg correction. Cellular localisation was assessed through immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: Bulk transcriptomic analyses showed no significant differences in NCOR1 or NCOR2 expression between AAA and controls. IHC revealed that NCOR1 was found in endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and inflammatory infiltrates, while NCOR2 was primarily associated with macrophages. Correlation analyses suggest NCOR1 linking with various cellular markers, proteolytic enzymes, inflammatory mediators, and epigenetic regulators, including lncRNA MALAT1. NCOR2 showed distinct associations with remodelling enzymes, TGFB1 signalling, selective epigenetic modifiers, and lncRNA H19. Conclusions: The lack of transcriptional differences in NCOR1 and NCOR2 between AAA and controls does not exclude cell-type-specific regulation or functional relevance. The specific cellular distributions and molecular associations in human AAA imply that NCOR1 and NCOR2 play non-redundant roles in vascular remodelling, inflammation, and epigenetic regulation. Our findings highlight NCOR pathways as potential modulators of AAA pathophysiology and promising targets for future therapies.

Abstract:

Unregulated Housing (UrH) is a widespread urban phenomenon in Morocco, largely driven by rapid population growth and accelerated urbanization. It has expanded mainly on the outskirts of cities and within housing developments that already benefit from basic infrastructure and superstructure services. In response to this challenge, public authorities have adopted several urban planning instruments, particularly the Land Management Plan (LMP). According to Law No. 12-90 on urban planning, the LMP seeks to regulate urban expansion, improve the architectural and aesthetic quality of the built environment, and preserve the overall coherence of developed areas. As a legally binding planning document, the LMP establishes strict land-use regulations, and any breach of these rules constitutes an offence. Traditionally, detecting such violations requires on-site inspections by control officers, followed by the preparation of official reports submitted to the competent legal authorities. However, recent advances in aerial image acquisition and processing technologies provide powerful tools to improve and facilitate the monitoring of urban planning compliance. This paper proposes a conceptual framework that integrates artificial intelligence with urban planning regulations to enable the automatic detection of urban planning offences using RGB orthophotos covering areas subject to a Land Management Plan, relying on deep learning techniques.

Abstract: Haploid embryos constitute a valuable model for genetic and epigenetic studies; however, their developmental competence is reduced compared with diploid counterparts. This study evaluated whether supplementation of the culture medium with specific small molecules could improve developmental competence and outgrowth establishment of parthenogenetic haploid embryos. The effects of TGF-β inhibition (A83-01), WNT pathway modulation (CHIR99021 and IWR-1), and activin A (AA) supplementation were assessed from the morula stage onward under serum-free conditions. A83-01 treatment did not improve blastocyst formation or morphology and was associated with reduced total cell numbers relative to IVF controls. CHIR99021 supplementation increased the number of SOX2-positive cells compared with IWR-1 and vehicle-treated embryos, suggesting partial support of pluripotency; however, overall developmental progression remained inferior to diploid controls. In contrast, activin A significantly increased the proportion of haploid morulae developing into blastocyst and improved hatching rates. Nevertheless, AA supplementation did not restore CDX2-positive cell numbers or total cell counts to diploid levels. Furthermore, neither CHIR99021 nor AA affect DNA fragmentation levels, although a tendency toward increased TUNEL-positive cells was observed. Activin A treatment also failed to improve embryonic outgrowth formation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that although activin A enhances blastocyst yield and hatching in bovine haploid embryos, modulation of TGF-β or WNT signaling alone is insufficient to restore diploid-like proliferative developmental competence.

Abstract: Office workers are exposed to a range of occupational health risks, including prolonged sedentary behaviour, postural load, elevated heart rate, and noise, yet objective and continuous monitoring of these risk factors in workplace settings remains uncommon. This study aimed to co-design occupational health visualizations based on smartphone and smartwatch data, through a multi-stakeholder group of office workers and occupational health professionals. A generative co-design framework was applied, comprising a pre-design phase with a field study and questionnaire, a structured multi-stakeholder workshop, and a follow-up evaluation session. Thematic analysis of the workshop transcript yielded 17 occupational health themes, which were subsequently assessed for technical feasibility relative to the available sensing platform. Of the 27 discrete visualization elements proposed across both groups, the majority were classified as directly addressable using smartphone and smartwatch sensor data. Visualizations covering physical activity and sedentary behaviour, heart rate, environmental noise exposure, and postural load were implemented in Python using real-world data collected from office workers. The follow-up session confirmed the interpretability and clarity of the developed visualizations. The generative co-design framework proved well-suited to the occupational health visualization context, enabling structured translation of stakeholder requirements into technically feasible and interpretable visualization outputs.

Abstract: A finite hypergraph generalizes an ordinary graph by permitting a hyperedge to connect any nonempty subset of vertices, thereby representing genuine multiway interactions. Extending this idea, a finite SuperHyperGraph is obtained through an iterated powerset construction, so that set-valued objects formed at one level may function as vertices or edge endpoints at the next, providing a natural framework for hierarchical and multilayer relational structures. In contrast, a line graph transforms each edge of a graph into a vertex, with two such new vertices adjacent precisely when the corresponding original edges share an endpoint. In this paper, we introduce the notion of a MultiLine Graph, in which multiple edges can be assigned to a vertex, and then develop its higher-order extensions, namely the MultiLine HyperGraph and the MultiLine Super HyperGraph. We further investigate their fundamental properties and structural characteristics.

Abstract: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is essential for the safety and long-term performance of civil and mechanical infrastructure, yet traditional vibration-based approaches often struggle with nonlinear behavior and environmental variability. Koopman operator theory provides a promising alternative by enabling linear analysis of nonlinear structural dynamics through observable functions. This review examines 67 peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2025 and selected using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We outline the development of Koopman-based methods from Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) and Extended-DMD (EDMD) to recent applications in civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems. The review clarifies the mathematical foundations of Koopman analysis and its relationship to structural dynamics. It also identifies major research gaps, including limited damage-sensitive observable design, insufficient use of structural mechanics constraints, the absence of quantitative links between Koopman spectra and physical damage, inadequate benchmarking, and the need for real-time deployment strategies. We conclude by outlining a hybrid Koopman framework that integrates physics-based information with data-driven learning to support interpretable and scalable SHM.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Patient safety culture represents a holistic approach to ensuring the safety of patient care. When nurses experience abusive behaviors, patient safety culture is undermined. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Greece, and data were collected via an online survey between October and December 2025. Workplace gaslighting and patient safety culture were measured using the Gaslighting at Work Scale and the Safety Organizing Scale, respectively. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: The sample included 448 nurses. Almost nine out of ten of the participants (87.3%) were women, with an average age of 38.04 years (SD = 10.27). Regarding educational level, 42.2% held a MSc or PhD degree. Respondents reported moderate perceived workplace gaslighting with a mean score of 2.37 (SD = 1.04) on the Gaslighting at Work Scale. For safety culture, the Safety Organizing Scale yielded a mean score of 5.00 (SD = 0.91). In the univariable analysis, workplace gaslighting was significantly and negatively associated with safety culture (beta = -0.195, 95% CI = -0.275 to -0.115, p < .001), indicating that higher levels of workplace gaslighting were related to worse safety culture behaviors. This association was still significant even when potential confounding variables were considered (adjusted beta = -0.223, 95% CI = -0.305 to -0.142, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study highlighted the negative impact of workplace gaslighting on patient safety culture. Healthcare organizational leadership is urged to establish and enforce zero-tolerance policies toward gaslighting behaviors and to foster an environment in which nurses are encouraged to speak up openly and report such behaviors.

Abstract: The Phillips curve remains central to monetary policy, yet its functional form has been intensely debated following the 2021–2023 inflation surge. This paper offers novel empirical evidence by providing the first symmetric comparison of regime-dependent nonlinearities in the inflation–slack relationship between the United States and the Euro Area, using identical threshold and smooth-transition frameworks on quarterly data extending through 2025Q4, the most recent available. Core PCE inflation (US) and core HICP excluding energy, food, alcohol, and tobacco (Euro Area) are modeled as functions of unemployment and output gaps, with controls for oil shocks and inflation expectations. TAR/SETAR and LSTAR estimations uncover statistically significant steepening in tight labor-market regimes. In the US, the slope more than doubles when the unemployment gap falls below –0.61 percentage points. In the Euro Area, a comparable kink emerges near zero (–0.048 pp), with smoother transitions reflecting greater wage and price rigidities. Post-2019 subsamples exhibit amplified nonlinearity, consistent with supply-shock transmission in high-pressure conditions. Extensive robustness checks affirm these findings. The results establish a state-dependent sacrifice ratio, with sharply higher disinflation costs in tight regimes, and highlight substantial risks of monetary policy miscalibration in future high-pressure episodes.