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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1200.v1

Understanding Doppler Renal Resistive Index: An Exploration of Clinical and Theoretical Determinants

Heather Venables, Robert Iain Lennon, Manuchehr Soleimani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: ultrasonography; doppler; resistive index; renal

Online: 18 April 2024 (14:05:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1240.v1

Hemodialysis Procedures for Stable Incident and Prevalent Patients to Optimize Hemodynamic Stability, Dialysis Dose, Electrolytes, and Fluid Balance

Stefano Stuard, Christophe Ridel, Mario Cioffi, Alijana Trost-Rupnik, Konstantin Gurevich, Marija Bojic, Yerkebulan Karibayev, Nilufar Mohebbi, Wojciech Marcinkowski, Vlasta Kupres, Jelena Maslovaric, Alon Antebi, Pedro Ponce, Mamdouh Nada, Maria Eva Baro Salvador, Jaroslav Rosenberger, Tomas Jirka, Kira Enden, Volodymyr Novakivskyy, Daniela Voiculescu, Martin Pachmann, Otto Arkossy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Hemodialysis procedures; hemodynamic stability; dialysis dose; dialysis electrolytes balance; dialysis fluid balance

Online: 18 April 2024 (10:04:00 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1070.v1

Prostate Adenocarcinoma with Signet-Ring Cells and Features of Mucin. A Clinical Case and Literature Review

Migle Sakalauskaite, Ausra Garnelyte, Ignas Civilka, Audrius Dulskas, Marius Kincius, Aušvydas Patašius

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Prostate cancer; signet-ring cell-like carcinoma; features of mucin

Online: 16 April 2024 (15:47:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1025.v1

Pre-infection Nutritional Status, Oxidative Stress, and One-Year Long COVID Persistence in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study

Natalia Stepanova, Lesya Korol, Tetyana Ostapenko, Valeriia Marchenko, Olga Belousova, Lyudmila Snisar, Iryna Shifris, Mykola Kolesnyk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: long COVID; hemodialysis; controlling nutritional status score; undernutrition; oxidative stress; persistence

Online: 16 April 2024 (11:10:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0980.v1

Does the Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Have Prognostic Significance for Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy?

Balázs Sági, Tibor Vas, Botond Csiky, Judit Nagy, Tibor József Kovács

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; IgA nephropathy; Renal function; Metabolic syndrome; Arterial stiffness

Online: 15 April 2024 (14:53:42 CEST)

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Background: Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality are many times higher in chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as IgA nephropathy (IgAN), than in the general population. The occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic risk factors are independent risk factors for CV disease and renal progression. The study aimed to determine the prognostic role of metabolic profiles in a homogenous group of CKD patients. Methods: One hundred and forty-five IgA nephropathy patients (92 male, 53 female, age 54.7 ± 13 years) with CKD stage 1-4 were investigated and followed for a median of 190 months. The composite (CV and renal) endpoints included all-cause mortality and any CV event such as stroke, myocardial infarction, revascularization (CV), end-stage renal disease, and renal replacement therapy (renal). Results: Patients with MetS had significantly more endpoint events (16/27 patients vs. 15/98 patients, p = 0.001) compared to the nonMetS group. Of the secondary endpoints (CV or renal separately), the rate of the renal and CV endpoints was significantly higher in the MetS group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.029). The primary endpoint independent predictors of survival were dyslipidemia, eGFR, hemoglobin, urine albuminuria, and diabetes mellitus, as determined by Cox regression analysis. Independent predictors of secondary renal endpoint were dyslipidemia, hemoglobin, urine albumin, and eGFR. Predictors of secondary cardiovascular endpoints were gender, BMI, and diabetes. Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant differences in MetS and non-MetS when examined at the combined endpoints (CV and renal) or at each endpoint separately. The primary endpoint rate increased significantly with the increased number of MetS components (MetS comp. 0 vs. MetS comp. 2+, primary endpoints, p = 0.012). Conclusion: Our results showed that the metabolic profile has a prognostic role not only for renal endpoints but also for CV endpoints in IgAN. BMI, hyperuricemia, hypertension, and diabetes have a predictive value for the prognosis of IgA nephropathy.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0564.v1

BK Polyomavirus in Pediatric Renal Transplantation. What We Know and What We Don’t.

Benedetta Chiodini, Pauline Guillaume-Gentil, Charlotte Vanhomwegen, Elise Hennaut, Ksenija Lolin, Nathalie Tram, Alain Le Moine, Khalid Ismaili

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: BK polyomavirus; BKPyV nephropathy; kidney transplantation

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:40:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1379.v5

Radiomics Machine Learning Analysis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma for Tumour Grade Prediction Based on Intra-tumoural Subregion Heterogeneity

Abeer J. Alhussaini, J. Douglas Steele, Adel Jawli, Ghulam Nabi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma; ; renal masses; biopsy; computed tomography; radiomics; machine learning; tumour subregions; tumour heterogeneity; precision medicine

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:58:37 CEST)

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Background: Renal cancers are among the top ten causes of cancer-specific mortality, of which the ccRCC subtype is responsible for most cases. The grading of ccRCC is important in determining tumour aggressiveness and clinical management. Objectives: The objectives of this research were to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC pre-operatively and characterise the heterogeneity of tumour sub-regions using radiomics and ML models, including comparison with pre-operative biopsy-determined grading in a sub-group. Methods: Data were obtained from multiple institutions across two countries, including 391 patients with pathologically proven ccRCC. For analysis, the data were separated into four cohorts. Cohorts 1 and 2 included data from the respective institutions from the two countries, cohort 3 was the combined data from both cohort 1 and 2, and cohort 4 was a subset of cohort 1, for which both the biopsy and subsequent histology from resection (partial or total nephrectomy) were available. 3D image segmentation was carried out to derive a voxel of interest (VOI) mask. Radiomics features were then extracted from the contrast-enhanced images, and the data were normalised. The Pearson correlation coefficient and the XGBoost model were used to reduce the dimensionality of the features. Thereafter, 11 ML algorithms were implemented for the purpose of predicting the ccRCC grade and characterising the heterogeneity of sub-regions in the tumours. Results: For cohort 1, the 50% tumour core and 25% tumour periphery exhibited the best performance, with an average AUC of 77.9% and 78.6%, respectively. The 50% tumour core presented the highest performance in cohorts 2 and 3, with average AUC values of 87.6% and 76.9%, respectively. With the 25% periphery, cohort 4 showed AUC values of 95.0% and 80.0% for grade prediction when using internal and external validation, respectively, while biopsy histology had an AUC of 31.0% for the classification with the final grade of resection histology as a reference standard. The CatBoost classifier was the best for each of the four cohorts with an average AUC of 80.0%, 86.5%, 77.0% and 90.3% for cohorts 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Conclusion: Radiomics signatures combined with ML have the potential to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC with superior performance, when compared to pre-operative biopsy. Moreover, tumour sub-regions contain useful information that should be analysed independently when determining the tumour grade. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish the grade of ccRCC pre-operatively to improve patient care and management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0266.v1

Peritoneal Dialysis Induced Encapsulating Peritonitis – Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Women with Benign Gynecological Pathology

Cristian Iorga, Cristina Raluca Iorga, Iuliana Andreiana, Simona Hildegard Stancu, Traian Constantin, Victor Strambu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: peritoneal sclerosis; encapsulating peritonitis; emergency surgery

Online: 3 April 2024 (08:33:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0041.v1

tRNA-Derived Fragments as Biomarkers in Bladder Cancer

Olaf Strømme, Kathleen A. Heck, Gaute Brede, Håvard T. Lindholm, Marit Otterlei, Carl-Jørgen Arum

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: tRNA-derived fragment; tRF; EV; exosomes; bladder cancer; biomarker; tRNA

Online: 1 April 2024 (11:12:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1788.v1

The Spectrum the Disease and Metabolic Evaluation in Urolithiasis Patients: A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Urology Centre.

Balasingam Balagobi, Brammah R Thangarajah, Sundaramoorthy Iyer Thuraisamy Sarma, Sujeenthan Sripandurangana, Meganathan Sivashankar, Sittampalam Rajendra, Satchchithanantham Vinojan, Paramanathan Shathana

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Urolithiasis,; metabolic evaluation; chemical composition analysis; metabolic disorders; calcium oxalate monohydrate

Online: 28 March 2024 (17:00:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1379.v4

Radiomics Machine Learning Analysis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma for Tumour Grade Prediction Based on Intra-tumoural Subregion Heterogeneity

Abeer J. Alhussaini, J. Douglas Steele, Adel Jawli, Ghulam Nabi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma; ; renal masses; computed tomography; radiomics; machine learning; tumour subregions; tumour heterogeneity; precision medicine

Online: 28 March 2024 (10:18:33 CET)

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Background: Renal cancers are among the top ten causes of cancer-specific mortality, of which the ccRCC subtype is responsible for most cases. The grading of ccRCC is important in determining tumour aggressiveness and clinical management. Objectives: The objectives of this research were to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC pre-operatively and characterise the heterogeneity of tumour sub-regions using radiomics and ML models, including comparison with pre-operative biopsy-determined grading in a sub-group. Methods: Data were obtained from multiple institutions across two countries, including 391 patients with pathologically proven ccRCC. For analysis, the data were separated into four cohorts. Cohorts 1 and 2 included data from the respective institutions from the two countries, cohort 3 was the combined data from both cohort 1 and 2, and cohort 4 was a subset of cohort 1, for which both the biopsy and subsequent histology from resection (partial or total nephrectomy) were available. 3D image segmentation was carried out to derive a voxel of interest (VOI) mask. Radiomics features were then extracted from the contrast-enhanced images, and the data were normalised. The Pearson correlation coefficient and the XGBoost model were used to reduce the dimensionality of the features. Thereafter, 11 ML algorithms were implemented for the purpose of predicting the ccRCC grade and characterising the heterogeneity of sub-regions in the tumours. Results: For cohort 1, the 50% tumour core and 25% tumour periphery exhibited the best performance, with an average AUC of 77.9% and 78.6%, respectively. The 50% tumour core presented the highest performance in cohorts 2 and 3, with average AUC values of 87.6% and 76.9%, respectively. With the 25% periphery, cohort 4 showed AUC values of 95.0% and 80.0% for grade prediction when using internal and external validation, respectively, while biopsy histology had an AUC of 31.0% for the classification with the final grade of resection histology as a reference standard. The CatBoost classifier was the best for each of the four cohorts with an average AUC of 80.0%, 86.5%, 77.0% and 90.3% for cohorts 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Conclusion: Radiomics signatures combined with ML have the potential to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC with superior performance, when compared to pre-operative biopsy. Moreover, tumour sub-regions contain useful information that should be analysed independently when determining the tumour grade. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish the grade of ccRCC pre-operatively to improve patient care and management.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1450.v1

Unravelling the Link between the Gut Microbiome and Autoimmune and Inflammatory Kidney Diseases: A Potential New Therapeutic Approach

Diana Shu Yee Tan, Yibeltal Alemu Akelew, Matthew Snelson, Jenny Nguyen, Kim Maree O’Sullivan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: ANCA; kidney disease; SCFA; glomerulonephritis, vasculitis; gut microbiota; diet therapy; autoimmunity; immune responses

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:42:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1234.v1

In Curative Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer, There Is a High Possibility That 45 Gy in 5 Fractions Will Not Be Tolerated without a Hydrogel Spacer

Subaru Sawayanagi, Hideomi Yamashita, Mami Ogita, Taketo Kawai, Yusuke Sato, Haruki Kume

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostate cancer; stereotactic body radiation therapy; phase 1 study; dose escalation

Online: 20 March 2024 (17:18:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1031.v1

Icarifil in Association with Daily Use of Tadalafil (5 mg) versus Standard Tadalafil Daily Dose (5 mg) or Alone: Results from a Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

Tommaso Cai, Fabrizio Palumbo, Carlos Miacola, Carlo Ceruti, Michele Rizzo, Giovanni Liguori, Luca Gallelli, Alessandro Palmieri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: nutraceuticals; erectile dysfunction; Eruca vesicaria; Panax ginseng; Tribulus terrestris; L-arginine; L-citrulline; PDE5i.

Online: 18 March 2024 (11:40:00 CET)

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Background: The management of erectile dysfunction (ED) shows several grey zones and new treatments for reduce the percentage of patients who discontinued the treatment are required. Here, we aim to evaluate the role of a natural mixture of named Icarifil (L-Citrulline, L-Carnitine, Eruca vesicaria, Panax ginseng, Tribulus terrestris, Turnera diffusa, Taurine, Vitamin E, Zinc) in the management of patients with ED. Methods: From September 2022 to March 2023, all patients attending 3 urological institutions due to ED were randomized to receive: Icarifil 1 sachet every 24 h (Group 1) or Icarifil 1 sachet + tadalafil 5 mg 1 tablet every 24 h (Group 2) or tadalafil 5 mg 1 tablet daily (Group 3), for 3 months. All patients underwent urologic visit and dedicated questionnaires (IIEF-5, SEP-2, SEP-3) at the enrollment and at the follow-up evaluation (3 months). Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) at the follow-up evaluation were used. Primary endpoint was the difference in the questionnaires at the follow-up visit when compared with enrollment among the study groups. Results: In the per-protocol analysis, 52 patients in the Group 1, 55 in the Group 2 and 57 in Group 3 have been analyzed. At the follow-up evaluation, IIEF-5 have been improved in all the 3 Groups between enrollment and follow-up evaluation, but a statistically significant difference has been reported between Group 2 (+7.4) versus Group 1 (+4.1) or 3 (+5.1), (p<0.001; p<0.001). Moreover, 47 patients (94.0%) in the Group 2 showed an improvement in the SEP questionnaires, when compared with the baseline, while 29 in the Group 1 (56.9%) and 42 in the Group 3 (82.3%) with a statistically significant difference (p=0.004; p=0.003) among the Groups. The PROs analysis reported a better efficacy and patients’ satisfaction in Group 2 when compared with Group 1 or 3. Conclusions: In conclusion, Icarifil is able to improve penile erectile function in mild–moderate ED and it is able to significantly improve the clinical efficacy of tadalafil 5 mg daily use. Icarifil could be represent an interesting alternative treatment in patients experiencing adverse effects or with contraindications for chronic treatment with PDE5-is.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0906.v1

Comparison of Intra-operative Blood Loss in Patients Undergoing Mono-Polar TURP with and without Pre-operative 2 Weeks Use of Finasteride

Aurangzeb Shaukat ali, mubashar abrar, Kamran Liaqat, rehan idrees, moin anwar, zia mahmood, Ahmed Junaid, muhammad murtaza ikhlaq, Fatima Ashraf

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: BPH, TURP, Finasteride, Blood loss,

Online: 15 March 2024 (10:18:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0321.v1

Quality and Readability of Google Search Information on HoLEP for Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Yam Ting Ho, Jeremy Saad, Femi E Ayeni, Mohan Arianayagam, Bertram Canagasingham, Ahmed Goolam, Nicola Jeffrey, Mohamed Khadra, Raymond Ko, Nicholas Mehan, Sachinka Ranasinghe, Celi Varol, Jonathan Kam, Isaac A Thangasamy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Urological surgical procedures; Prostatectomy; Transurethral resection of prostate; Prostatic hyperplasia; Consumer health information, Health literacy; Health education

Online: 6 March 2024 (04:50:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1578.v1

TransPerineal Laser Ablation (TPLA) Treatment of Focal Low-Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer

Guglielmo Manenti, Tommaso Perretta, Marco Nezzo, Federico Romeo Fraioli, Beatrice Carreri, Paola Elda Gigliotti, Andrea Micillo, Andrea Malizia, Daniele Di Giovanni, Colleen Patricia Ryan, Francesco Giuseppe Garaci

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: mpMRI; prostate cancer; TPLA; FLA; focal laser ablation; transperineal laser ablation

Online: 28 February 2024 (04:48:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1310.v1

Incidence, Risk Factors and Consequences of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Esophageal Cancer Surgery: A Historical Cohort

Ilaria GODI, Paolo Feltracco, Giulia Lorenzoni, Alessio Antonelli, Renato Salvador, Dario Gregori, Ivo Tiberio, Michele Valmasoni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: postoperative acute kidney injury; esophageal cancer surgery; outcome

Online: 23 February 2024 (10:32:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1379.v3

Radiomics Machine Learning Analysis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma for Tumour Grade Prediction based on Intra-Tumoural Subregion Heterogeneity

Abeer J. Alhussaini, J. Douglas Steele, Adel Jawli, Ghulam Nabi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma; renal masses; computed tomography; radiomics; machine learning; tumour subregions; tumour heterogeneity; precision medicine

Online: 20 February 2024 (11:31:02 CET)

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Background: Renal cancers are among the top ten causes of cancer specific mortality; of which the ccRCC subtype is responsible for most of the cases. Grading of ccRCC is important in determining the tumour aggressiveness and clinical management. Objectives: To predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC pre-operatively and characterise the heterogeneity of tumour subregions using radiomics and ML models including comparison with pre-operative biopsy determined grading in a subgroup. Methods: Data was obtained from multiple institutions across two countries from 391 patients with pathologically proven ccRCC. For analysis, the data were separated into 4 cohorts. Cohort 1 and 2 were data from the respective institutions from the two countries, cohort 3 was the combined data and cohort 4 data was a subset of cohort 1 where both biopsy and subsequent histology from resection (partial or total nephrectomy) was available. 3D image segmentation was done to derive a voxel of interest (VOI) mask. Radiomic features were then extracted from the contrast enhanced images and the data normalised. Correlation coefficients and XGBoost model were used to reduce the dimensionality of the features. Thereafter, 11 ML algorithms were implemented for the purpose of predicting the grade of ccRCC and characterising heterogeneity of subregions in the tumours; Results: For cohort 1, 50% tumor core and 25% tumor periphery exhibited best performance with an average AUC of 77.91% and 78.64% respectively. 50% tumor core had the highest performance in cohort 2 and cohort 3 with an average AUC of 87.64% and 76.91% respectively. Cohort 4 with 25% periphery showed an AUC of 95% and 80% for grade prediction using internal and external validation respectively while biopsy histology had an AUC of 31% for the prediction with final grade of resection histology as a reference standard; Conclusion: Radiomic signatures combined with ML have the potential to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC with superior performance compared to pre-operative biopsy. Moreover, tumour subregions contain useful information that should be analysed independently when determining tumour grade. It is therefore possible to distinguish the grade of ccRCC pre-operatively to improve patient care and management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0917.v1

Comparative Analysis of Vascular Calcification Risk Factors in Pre-hemodialysis and Prevalent Hemodialysis Adult Patients: Insights into Calcification Biomarker Associations and Implications for Intervention Strategies in Chronic Kidney Disease

Marko Petrović, Voin Brković, Marko Baralić, Ivko Marić, Nenad Petković, Sanja Stanković, Nataša Lalić, Danijela Stanisavljević, Ljubica Đukanović, Višnja Ležaić

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: chronic kidney disease; vascular calcifications; FGF-23; Fetuin-A; sclerostin; iPTH; Adragao score

Online: 17 February 2024 (09:04:37 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0875.v1

Coupling Osmotic Efficacy with Biocompatibility in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Stiff Challenge

Mario Bonomini, Valentina Masola, Maria Pia Monaco, Vittorio Sirolli, Lorenzo Di Liberato, Tommaso Prosdocimi, Arduino Arduini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: peritoneal dialysis; peritoneum; biocompatibility; peritoneal dialysis solution; ultrafiltration; peritoneal fibrosis; metabolism

Online: 16 February 2024 (07:49:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0764.v1

Biomarkers in Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: Towards a new perspective.

María Ángeles González-Nicolás, Cristian González-Guerrero, Marian Goicoechea, Lisardo Boscá, Lara Valiño-Rivas, Alberto Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury; Biomarkers; Contrast Media; Nephrotoxicity

Online: 14 February 2024 (09:32:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0580.v1

Uremic Toxins and Inflammation: Metabolic Pathways Affected in Stage 5 Kidney Disease

María Peris-Fernández, Marta Roca-Marugán, Julià L Amengual, Angel Balaguer, Iris Viejo-Boyano, Amparo Soldevila-Orient, Ramón Devesa-Such, Pilar Sánchez-Pérez, Julio Hernández-Jaras

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: inflammation; ackd; metabolomics; energy metabolism; uremic toxins

Online: 9 February 2024 (14:06:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0522.v1

The Relation Between C3 Hypocomplementemia, Thrombotic Microangiopathy And End-Stage Kidney Disease In Iga Nephropathy

Giovanni Maria Rossi, Federico Ricco, Isabella Pisani, Marco Delsante, Umberto Maggiore, Enrico Fiaccadori, Lucio Manenti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: IgA Nephropathy; complement; thrombotic microangiopathy; end-stage kidney disease

Online: 8 February 2024 (12:10:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0495.v1

Sotagliflozin Promotes Anti-oxidant Properties in the Kidneys of Type 1 Diabetic Akimba Mice

Lakshini Y Herat, Jennifer R Matthews, Ana Sarvi Darimi, Elizabeth Rakoczy, Vance B Matthews, Markus P Schlaich

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: diabetes; sotagliflozin; empagliflozin; sglt1; sglt2

Online: 8 February 2024 (07:37:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2107.v1

Long-Term Oncological Outcomes After Nerve-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy for High-Risk Localised Prostate Cancer: A Single-Center, Two-Arm, Prospective Study

Lorenzo Spirito, Francesco Chessa, Anna Hagman, Anna Lantz, Giuseppe Celentano, Rodolfo Sanchez-Salas, Roberto La Rocca, Mats Olsson, Olof Akre, Vincenzo Mirone, Peter Wiklund

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostate cancer; robotic prostatectomy; functional outcomes

Online: 30 January 2024 (10:49:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1856.v1

Development of a Urine Biomarker-Based Decision Tree Model to Predict Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction in Females

Yuan-Hong Jiang, Jia-Fong Jhang, Jen-Hung Wang, Ya-Hui Wu, Hann-Chorng Kuo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: urine biomarker; lower urinary tract dysfunction; decision tree model; detrusor overactivity; interstitial cystitis

Online: 25 January 2024 (15:48:44 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1729.v1

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Yu Dai, Yan-hu Meng, Ying-yi Li, Shuang-ning Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Xanthogranulomatous orchitis; suppurative orchitis; case report

Online: 24 January 2024 (08:12:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1379.v2

Characterisation of Intra-tumoural Subregions Heterogeneity and Tumour Grade Prediction using CT Scan Images: An In-depth Radiomics Features Machine Learning Analysis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Abeer J. Alhussaini, J. Douglas Steele, Adel Jawli, Ghulam Nabi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma; renal masses; computed tomography; radiomics; machine learning; tumour subregions; tumour heterogeneity; precision medicine

Online: 22 January 2024 (10:11:25 CET)

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Background: Renal cancers are among the top ten causes of cancer specific mortality; of which the ccRCC subtype is responsible for most of the cases. Grading of ccRCC is important in determining the tumour aggressiveness and clinical management. Objectives: To predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC pre-operatively and characterise the heterogeneity of tumour subregions using radiomics and ML models including comparison with pre-operative biopsy determined grading in a subgroup. Methods: Data was obtained from multiple institutions across two countries from 391 patients with pathologically proven ccRCC. For analysis, the data were separated into 4 cohorts. Cohort 1 and 2 were data from the respective institutions from the two countries, cohort 3 was the combined data and cohort 4 data was a subset of cohort 1 where both biopsy and subsequent histology from resection (partial or total nephrectomy) was available. 3D image segmentation was done to derive a voxel of interest (VOI) mask. Radiomic features were then extracted from the contrast enhanced images and the data normalised. Correlation coefficients and XGBoost model were used to reduce the dimensionality of the features. Thereafter, 11 ML algorithms were implemented for the purpose of predicting the grade of ccRCC and characterising heterogeneity of subregions in the tumours; Results: For cohort 1, 50% tumor core and 25% tumor periphery exhibited best performance with an average AUC of 77.91% and 78.64% respectively. 50% tumor core had the highest performance in cohort 2 and cohort 3 with an average AUC of 87.64% and 76.91% respectively. Cohort 4 with 25% periphery showed an AUC of 95% and 80% for grade prediction using internal and external validation respectively while biopsy histology had an AUC of 31% for the prediction with final grade of resection histology as a reference standard; Conclusion: Radiomic signatures combined with ML have the potential to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC with superior performance compared to pre-operative biopsy. Moreover, tumour subregions contain useful information that should be analysed independently when determining tumour grade. It is therefore possible to distinguish the grade of ccRCC pre-operatively to improve patient care and management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1430.v1

Integrative Metabolomic Analysis of Serum and Selected Serum Exosomal microRNA in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Daniel Evin, Andrea Evinová, Eva Baranovičová, Miroslava Šarlinová, Jana Jurečeková, Peter Kaplán, Hubert Poláček, Erika Halášová, Róbert Dušenka, Lukáš Briš, Martina Knoško Brožová, Monika Kmeťová Sivoňová

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; microRNA; 1H-NMR metabolomics

Online: 19 January 2024 (04:57:31 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1436.v1

Cognitive Impairment and Brain Atrophy in Patients with Non-Dialysis and Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease

Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Hisako Yoshida

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: brain atrophy; cognitive impairment; chronic kidney disease; dialysis; exercise

Online: 18 January 2024 (15:58:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1186.v1

Factors Contributing to Negative Outcomes Associated with Medications and Drug-Related Problems in Kidney Replacement Therapy. A Hospital-Based Prospective Observational Study

Alfonso Pereira-Céspedes, Alberto Jiménez-Morales, Aurora Polo-Moyano, Magdalena Palomares-Bayo, Fernando Martínez-Martínez, Miguel Ángel Calleja-Hernández

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: kidney replacement therapy; medication review; drug-related problems; negative outcomes associated with medication.

Online: 16 January 2024 (13:57:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1159.v1

Balázs Sági, Tibor Vas, Botond Csiky, Judit Nagy, Tibor József Kovács

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Platelet-to-albumin ratio, Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, Chronic kidney disease, IgA nephropathy, Renal and cardiovascular prognosis.

Online: 16 January 2024 (08:51:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1048.v1

Latest Trends in Hemodiafiltration

Francisco Maduell, Diana Rodríguez-Espinosa, José Jesús Broseta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Hemodiafiltration; Dialyzer compatibility; survival; safety

Online: 15 January 2024 (10:26:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1013.v1

Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections during 10 Years and Factors Associated

Irene Galindo Marin, Carmen Mon Mon, Milagros Ortiz Librero, Sara El Fellah, María Sánchez Sánchez, Rosa Elena Camacho Juarez, Carolina Lentisco Ramírez, Santiago A. Cedeño Mora, Juan C. Herrero Berron, Jose M. Abadal Villayandre, Esther Galvez González

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: bloodstream infection; catheter; hemodialysis

Online: 12 January 2024 (11:33:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0776.v1

Interleukin-1ß / Interleukin (IL)-1-Receptor-Antagonist (IL1-RA) Axis in Invasive Bladder Cancer – An Exploratory Analysis of Clinical and Tumor Biological Significance

Marko Vukevic, Jorge M Chamlati, Jörg Hennenlotter, Tilman Todenhöfer, Thomas Lütfrenk, Sebastian Jersinovic, Igor Tsaur, Arnulf Stenzl, Steffen Rausch¹

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: urothelial cancer; metastasis; prognosis; biomarker; pathway; autophagy

Online: 10 January 2024 (08:05:05 CET)

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Background: Previous data indicate a role of IL-1 and IL-1RA imbalance in bladder carcinoma (BC) and inhibition of IL-1 signaling might be considered a treatment option. Objective: To assess expression patterns and the prognostic role of IL-1ß and IL-1RA in invasive BC and to evaluate their interaction with AKT signaling and proliferation. Design, Setting, and Participants: The study included two independent cohorts of n=92 and n=102 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for BC. Specimen from BC and benign urothelium (n=22 and n=39) were processed to a tissue microarray and immunohistochemically stained for IL-1ß, IL-1RA, AKT and Ki-67. Expression scores were correlated to clinical variables and Ki-67 and AKT expression. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Association with outcome was assessed using Wilcoxon Kruskal-Wallis tests, Chi-square tests or linear regression, dependent on the variable’s category. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to estimate recurrence-free (RFS), cancer-specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Both, IL-1ß and IL-1RA were significantly overexpressed in invasive BC compared to benign urothelium in both cohorts (p<0.005). IL-1ß was associated with vascular invasion (210 vs. 183, p<0.02), lymphatic invasion (210 vs. 180, <0.05) and G3 cancer (192 vs. 188, <0.04). Survival analysis revealed favorable RFS, CSS, and OS in case of high IL-1ß expression (p<0.02, <0.03 and <0.006, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed an independent impact of (low) IL1ß expression on RFS, CSS and OS. IL-1ß and IL-1ß/IL-1RA ratio were positively correlated to AKT expression (p<0.05 and <0.01, respectively). Additionally, high expression of Ki-67 (>15%) correlated with higher levels of IL-1β (p=0.01). Conclusions: Overexpression of IL-1ß and IL-1RA is frequently found in BC, with a prognostic significance observed for IL-1ß protein expression. The observed link between the IL-1ß / IL-1RA axis and AKT signaling may indicate possible autophagy activation processes beside the known tumor-promoting effects of AKT.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1224.v2

Prostate- Specific Antigen (PSA) Significance in Frail and Sarcopenic Men

Nikolaos A. Kostakopoulos, Themistoklis Bellos, Stamatios Katsimperis, Evangelos Malovrouvas, Athanasios Papatsoris

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostate specific antigen; frailty; prostate cancer screening; hypogonadism; Benign prostatic obstruction

Online: 9 January 2024 (15:45:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0673.v1

Diagnostic Value of Urine Cytology in Pharmacologically Forced Diuresis for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Nicola Giudici, Jennifer Blarer, Niranjan Sathianathen, Fiona C. Burkhard, Patrick Y. Wuethrich, George N. Thalmann, Roland Seiler, Marc A. Furrer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Diagnostic value for diagnosis and follow-up; urine cytology; pharmacologically forced diuresis; upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Online: 9 January 2024 (10:31:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0620.v1

From Acute to Chronic: Unraveling the Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Acute Kidney Injury, Acute Kidney Disease to Chronic Kidney Disease Progression

Tzu-Hsuan Yeh, Kuan-Chieh Tu, Hsien-Yi Wang, Jui-Yi Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Acute kidney disease; biomarker; chronic kidney disease

Online: 8 January 2024 (11:28:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0378.v1

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Extrarenal Involvement

Matteo Righini, Raul Mancini, Marco Busutti, Andrea Buscaroli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: ADPKD; Ciliopathies; Cystic kidney disease; Genetic; Extrarenal cystic involvement; PLD; Intracranial aneurysms; Bone disorders

Online: 4 January 2024 (15:23:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0298.v1

Comparison of PIV and Other Immune Inflammation Markers of Oncological and Survival Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy

Pierluigi Russo, Giuseppe Palermo, Roberto Iacovelli, Mauro Ragonese, Chiara Ciccarese, Giuseppe Maioriello, Fabrizio Fantasia, Francesco Pio Bizzarri, Filippo Marino, Seyed Koosha Moosavi, Domenico Nigro, Filippo Gavi, Giovanni Battista Filomena, Francesco Rossi, Francesco Pinto, Marco Racioppi, Nazario Foschi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: urothelial carcinoma; inflammation; pan-immune inflammation value; radical cystectomy

Online: 4 January 2024 (15:17:24 CET)

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Inflammation is widely acknowledged as a significant characteristic of cancer, playing a substantial function in both the initiation and advancement of cancers. In this research, we planned to investigate the comparison among pan-immune inflammation markers and other well-known markers (systemic immune inflammation index and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) to predict prognosis in individuals treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we focused on preoperative PIV, systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in 193 individuals managed with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 2016 and November 2022. Multivariable logistic regression assessments were perfomred to assess the predictive capabilities of PIV, SII, and NLR for infiltration of lymph nodes (N), aggressive tumor stage (pT3/pT4), and any non-organ limited disease at the time of RC. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the predictive impact of PIV on Relapse-free survival (RFS), Cancer-specific survival (CSS), and Overall survival (OS). Results: Our individuals were divided into high PIV and low PIV cohorts using the optimal cut-off value (340.96 x 109/ L) based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for relapse-free survival. In multivariable preoperative logistic regression models, only SII and PIV correlated with the infiltration of lymph nodes, aggressive disease, and any non-organ confined disease. In multivariable Cox regression models considering presurgical clinicopathological variables, an higher PIV was associated with diminished RFS (p = 0.017) and OS (p = 0.029). In addition, in multivariable Cox regression models for postoperative outcomes, a high PIV correlated with both RFS ( p = 0.034) and OS ( p= 0.048). Conclusions: Our study suggests that PIV and SII are two very similar markers that may serve as an independent and significant predictor of aggressive disease and worse survival impacts on individuals undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder neoplasm.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0336.v1

Detection and Negative Reversion of Circulating Tumor Cells as Prognostic Biomarkers for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with Bone Metastases Treated by Enzalutamide

So Nakamura, Masayoshi Nagata, Naoya Nagaya, Takeshi Ashizawa, Hisashi Hirano, Yan Lu, Hisamitsu Ide, Shigeo Horie

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: circulating tumor cells (CTCs); enzalutamide; bone metastases; castration-resistant prostate cancer; androgen receptor signaling inhibitor

Online: 4 January 2024 (11:29:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0407.v1

How the Management of Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer Will be Modified by the Concept of Anticipation and Incrementation of Therapy

Alessandro Sciarra, Valerio Santarelli, Stefano Salciccia, Martina Moriconi, Greta Basile, Loreonzo Santodirocco, Dalila Carino, Marco Frisenda, Giovanni Di Pierro, Francesco Del Giudice, Alessandro Gentilucci, Giulio Bevilacqua

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostatic neoplasm; biochemical recurrence; androgen receptor signaling inhibitors; androgen deprivation therapy

Online: 4 January 2024 (11:22:30 CET)

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Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after primary treatments for prostate cancer (PC) is an extremely heterogeneous phase and at least a stratification in low and high-risk cases for early progression in metastatic disease is necessary. At now PSA-DT represents the best parameter to define low and high risk BCR PC, but a real precision medicine is strongly suggested to define a tailored management of patients with BCR. Before defining management, it is necessary to exclude the presence of low volume metastasis associated with PSA progression using new generation imaging preferably with PSMA PET/CT. Low risk BCR cases should be actively observed without early systemic therapies. Early treatment of low risk BCR with continuous androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) can produce disadvantages such the development of castration resistance before the appearance of metastases (non-metastatic castration resistant PC). Patients with high risk BCR benefit from early systemic therapy. The primary end point must be metastasis-free survival (MFS), even with the same overall survival (OS). The EMBARK study is able to impact on the management of high risk BCR, by introducing the concept of anticipation and intensification through the use of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSI) and ADT combination therapy. In high risk (PSA-DT ≤ 9 months) BCR cases, the combination of enzalutamide with leuprolide significantly improves MFS when compared to leuprolide alone, maintaining the quality of life unchanged in an asymptomatic phase of the disease. The possibility of using ARSI alone in this early disease setting is suggested by the EMBARK study (arm with enzalutamide alone) with less evidence than the intensification of the combination therapy. Continued use versus discontinuation upon reaching undetectable PSA levels of enzalutamide plus leuprolide intensified therapy needs to be better defined with further analysis. Real world analysis must verify the significant results obtained in the context of a phase 3 study.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0102.v1

Type I IFN in Glomerular Disease: Scarring beyond the STING

Alexis Paulina Jimenez-Uribe, Steve Mangos, Eunsil Hahm

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Glomerulonephritis; IFN-I pathway; Intracellular Pattern-Recognition Receptors; STING; sterile inflammation

Online: 3 January 2024 (10:05:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0238.v1

Role of Obesity and Mediators of Adipose Tissue in Renal Transplant and Disease

Sonia Mota-Zamorano, Guadalupe García-Pino, Guillermo Gervasini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: chronic kidney disease; renal transplant; arachidonic acid; adipose tissue

Online: 3 January 2024 (09:58:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2228.v1

Quality of Life and Treatment Modalities in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis: A Patients Perspective

Charlotte van Ginkel, Frank Martens, Mathilde Scholtes, John Heesakkers, Dick AW Janssen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: interstitial cystitis; bladder pain syndrome; Quality of Life; Therapies; Lifestyle

Online: 29 December 2023 (08:19:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.2006.v2

Intradialytic Tolerance and Recovery Time in Different High-Efficiency Hemodialysis Modalities

Agnieszka Zakrzewska, Jan Biedunkiewicz, Michał Komorniczak, Magdalena Jankowska, Katarzyna Jasiulewicz, Natalia Płonka, Bogdan Biedunkiewicz, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Agnieszka Tarasewicz, Ewelina Puchalska-Reglińska, Janusz Siebert, Alicja Dębska-Ślizień, Leszek Tylicki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: hemodialysis; hemodiafiltration; expanded hemodialysis; quality od life

Online: 28 December 2023 (12:51:02 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1841.v1

A Possible Therapeutic Application of The Selective Inhibitor of Urate Transporter 1, Dotinurad, for Metabolic Syndrome, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Significance of Inhibition of Urate Transporter 1 and Non-inhibition of Other Urate Transporters for Such Diseases

Hidekatsu Yanai, Hiroki Adachi, Mariko Hakoshima, Sakura Iida, Hisayuki Katsuyama

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: ATP-binding cassette transporter G2; chronic kidney disease; dotinurad; hyperuricemia; organic anion transporter1/3; urate transporter 1

Online: 26 December 2023 (03:03:41 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1794.v1

Role of Imaging in Renal Infections: A Narrative Review

Shirom Siriwardana, Chamathka Piyabani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Pyelonephritis; Acute focal bacterial nephritis; Renal abscesses; Emphysematous pyelonephritis; Pyonephrosis ;

Online: 25 December 2023 (09:25:37 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1581.v1

Phimosis in adults: narrative review of the current treatments

Eleonora Rosato, Roberto Miano, Stefano Germani, Anastasios D. Asimakopoulos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: phimosis; foreskin; circumcision; penis; lichen sclerosus

Online: 20 December 2023 (21:51:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1454.v1

Exploring Senescence-Related Transcriptional Signatures to Uncover Molecular Subtypes and Key Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Xiaorong He, Fahui Liu, Peng Xu, Qiming Gong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: cell senescence; hepatocellular carcinoma; G6PD; molecular subtypes; immunotherapy

Online: 19 December 2023 (12:05:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1379.v1

Characterisation of Intra-tumoural Subregions Heterogeneity and Tumour Grade Prediction using CT Scan Images: An In-depth Radiomics Features Machine Learning Analysis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Abeer J. Alhussaini, J. Douglas Steele, Adel Jawli, Ghulam Nabi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma; renal masses; computed tomography; radiomics; machine learning; tumour subregions; tumour heterogeneity; precision medicine

Online: 19 December 2023 (10:46:41 CET)

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Background: Renal cancers are among the top ten causes of cancer specific mortality; of which the ccRCC subtype is responsible for most of the cases. Grading of ccRCC is important in determining the tumour aggressiveness and clinical management. Objectives: To predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC pre-operatively and characterise the heterogeneity of tumour subregions using radiomics and ML models including comparison with pre-operative biopsy determined grading in a subgroup. Methods: Data was obtained from multiple institutions across two countries from 391 patients with pathologically proven ccRCC. For analysis, the data were separated into 4 cohorts. Cohort 1 and 2 were data from the respective institutions from the two countries, cohort 3 was the combined data and cohort 4 data was a subset of cohort 1 where both biopsy and subsequent histology from resection (partial or total nephrectomy) was available. 3D image segmentation was done to derive a voxel of interest (VOI) mask. Radiomic features were then extracted from the contrast enhanced images and the data normalised. Correlation coefficients and XGBoost model were used to reduce the dimensionality of the features. Thereafter, 11 ML algorithms were implemented for the purpose of predicting the grade of ccRCC and characterising heterogeneity of subregions in the tumours; Results: For cohort 1, 50% tumor core and 25% tumor periphery exhibited best performance with an average AUC of 77.91% and 78.64% respectively. 50% tumor core had the highest performance in cohort 2 and cohort 3 with an average AUC of 87.64% and 76.91% respectively. Cohort 4 with 25% periphery showed an AUC of 95% and 80% for grade prediction using internal and external validation respectively while biopsy histology had an AUC of 31% for the prediction with final grade of resection histology as a reference standard; Conclusion: Radiomic signatures combined with ML have the potential to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC with superior performance compared to pre-operative biopsy. Moreover, tumour subregions contain useful information that should be analysed independently when determining tumour grade. It is therefore possible to distinguish the grade of ccRCC pre-operatively to improve patient care and management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0699.v1

IGA‐Nephropathy in Northeastern Europe: Clinical and Morphological Presentation and Outcomes

Tatyana Muzhetskaya, Evdokia Bogdanova, Zinaida Kochoyan, Vladimir Dobronravov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy; Northeastern Europe; clinical manifestations; morphology; renal survival; progression; prognosis; associated factors

Online: 12 December 2023 (07:35:50 CET)

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Aim. The analysis of incidence, clinical and morphological manifestations, and the prognosis of IgA nephropathy in the Northeastern Europe (NEE). Materials and methods. We enrolled cases with primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) from 2005 to 2020 in the single-center retrospective study. Demographic and clinical parameters, histology data, and the treatment were analyzed. The outcomes were the occurrence of complete (PR) or partial remission (CR), renal replacement therapy (RRT), eGFR<15 ml/min/1.73m² and eGFR decrease ≥ 50%. The composite endpoint included all renal outcomes and was used to evaluate the risk of IgAN progression and associated factors. Results. The incidence of IgAN cases was 23.6% of all indication biopsies and 41.2% of primary immune glomerulopathies. At the time of the kidney biopsy, the proteinuria was 2.5 (1.5-5.0) g/24h, eGFR - 69 ± 32 ml/min/1.73 m². Proportions of cases with arterial hypertension and eGFR <60 ml / min / 1.73 m² were 75% and 36%, respectively. The prevalence of histological changes in accordance with the Oxford (MEST-C) classification was M1 - 40.5%, E1 -22.9%, S1-70.2%, T1-22%, T2 - 9%, C1-16.7%, C2 - 4.4%. In the follow-up of 27 (11; 61) months, 6 deaths occured (1.7%). The 10-year cumulative dialysis-free survival was 80% and progression-free survival was 56%. Remissions registered in 50% of cases, being more frequent in patients who received immunosuppression vs renoprotection (60% vs. 40%, p = 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression, the independent factors associated with the increased probability of IgAN progression were male gender, a younger age, higher blood pressure and hematuria, lower eGFR, interstitial fibrosis/ tubular atrophy (≥50%), the presence of peritubular capillaritis and any crescents. Compared to the cohorts of other ethnic or geographical origin, IgAN in the studied cohort were found to have more severe clinical and morphological presentations and faster progression rate. Conclusion. Being the most common glomerulopathy in the NEE population, IgAN has more pronounced clinical and morphological presentations. Considering the distinctive features of the disease, further research is warranted in order to establish approaches for enhancing risk stratification and treatment efficacy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0793.v1

Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Patients on Hemodialysis – the Prognostic Value of the CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score

Theodoros Tourountzis, Georgios Lioulios, Fotini Stasini, Zoi Skarlatou, Stamatia Stai, Michalis Christodoulou, Eleni Moysidou, Evdoxia Ginikopoulou, Maria Stangou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: stroke; atrial fibrillation; hemodialysis; CHA₂DS₂-VASc score

Online: 12 December 2023 (07:07:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0048.v1

Sa-β-Gal in Kidney Tubules as a Predictor of Renal Outcome in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Pasquale Esposito, Daniela Picciotto, Daniela Verzola, Giacomo Garibotto, Emanuele Luigi Parodi, Antonella Sofia, Francesca Costigliolo, Gabriele Gaggero, Valentina Zanetti, Michela Saio, Francesca Viazzi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: senescence; cell; chronic kidney disease; kidney tubules

Online: 1 December 2023 (05:32:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.2006.v1

Intradialytic Tolerance and Recovery Time in Different High-Efficiency Hemodialysis Modalities

Agnieszka Zakrzewska, Jan Biedunkiewicz, Michał Komorniczak, Magdalena Jankowska, Katarzyna Jasiulewicz, Natalia Płonka, Bogdan Biedunkiewicz, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Agnieszka Tarasewicz, Ewelina Puchalska-Reglińska, Janusz Siebert, Alicja Dębska-Ślizień, Leszek Tylicki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: hemodialysis; hemodiafiltration; expanded hemodialysis; quality od life.

Online: 30 November 2023 (16:12:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1025.v1

Acute Vascular Response to Hemodialysis as Measured by Serum Syndecan‐1 and Endothelin‐1 Levels, as well as Vascular Stiffness

Balázs Sági, Szilárd Kun, Rita Jakabfi-Csepregi, Endre Sulyok, Botond Csiky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: end-stage kidney disease; hemodialysis; endothelial glycocalix; syndecan; endothelin; arterial stiffness

Online: 15 November 2023 (14:16:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0693.v1

Phytotherapy Might Have a Role in Reducing Unnecessary Prostate Biopsies: Results From an Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Different Phytotherapeutic Agents

Tommaso Cai, Irene Tamanini, Marco Puglisi, Leonardo Bizzotto, Michele Rizzo, Giovanni Liguori, Luca Gallelli, Alessandro Palmieri, Truls E Bjerklund Johansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostate; prostate specific antigen; prostate biopsy; curcuma; serenoa repens; boswellia; pinus and urtica.

Online: 10 November 2023 (11:40:44 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0534.v1

Prostate Artery Embolization via Distal Transradial Artery Access in a 100-Year-Old Patient

Shauh-Der Yeh, Yu-Shiou Weng, Chun-Yu Lin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: distal TransRadial (dTRA); PAE; BPH

Online: 8 November 2023 (09:53:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0489.v1

Efficacy of Robot-Assisted Ureteroureterostomy in Patients with Complex the Ureteral Stricture after Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy

Shuzo Hamamoto, Kazumi Taguchi, Kengo Kawase, Rei Unno, Masahiko Isogai, Koei Torii, Shoichiro Iwatsuki, Toshiki Etani, Taku Naiki, Atsushi Okada, Takahiro Yasui

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: robot-assisted uretero-ureterostomy; ureteral stricture; ureteroscopic lithotripsy; microcalcification

Online: 7 November 2023 (16:18:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0339.v1

Comparative Analysis of Vascular Calcification Risk Factors and Biomarkers in Pre-Hemodialysis and Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients

Marko Petrović, Voin Brković, Marko Baralić, Ivko Maric, Nenad Petković, Sanja Stankovic, Natasa Lalic, Dejana Stanisavljevic, Višnja Ležaić

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: chronic kidney disease patients 1; vascular calcifications 2; risk factors 3

Online: 7 November 2023 (02:49:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0340.v1

The Efficacy and Safety of High Dose Cholecalciferol Therapy in Hemodialysis Patients

Agnieszka Tarasewicz, Michał Komorniczak, Agnieszka Zakrzewska, Bogdan Biedunkiewicz, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Magdalena Jankowska, Katarzyna Jasiulewicz, Natalia Płonka, Małgorzata Dąbrowska, Alicja Dębska-Ślizień, Leszek Tylicki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: vitamin D; cholecalciferol; 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, calcidiol; calcitriol; hemodialysis; parathyroid hormone; chronic kidney disease; chronic kidney disease–mineral; bone disorder

Online: 7 November 2023 (02:38:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1864.v1

New Insights into Renal Neoplasm Differentiation: Nonlinear Microscopy's Breakthrough Advantages

Gorana Nikolic, Maja Zivotic, Ana Mioljevic, Sanja Despotovic, Stanko Nenad Nikolic, Mihailo Rabasovic, Sanja Radojevic Skodric, Lidija Matija

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Multiphoton microscopy; nonlinear microscopy; renal cell tumors; tumor capsule; twophoton excitation fluorescence; three-photon fluorescence; second harmonic generation

Online: 30 October 2023 (08:45:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1760.v1

Precise Detection and Transcriptomic Concordant Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells from Prostate Cancer

Hyungseok Cho, Ki-Ho Han, Jae-Seung Chung, Seok-Soo Byun, Jae Il Chung, Won Ik Seo, Chan Ho Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostate cancer; circulating tumor cells; lateral magnetophoresis; prostate-specific antigen; prostate-specific membrane antigen; biomarker; liquid biopsy

Online: 27 October 2023 (08:17:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1672.v1

Assessment of Hounsfield Units and Factors Associated with Fragmentation of Renal Stones by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Computerized Tomography Study

Abdallah Saud Alharbi, Moawia Gameraddin, Awadia Gareeballah, Zahra Jibril Shrwani, Moa’ath Abdullah Sindi, Hassan Ibrahim Alsaedi, Abdulaziz A. Qurashi, Khalid M Aloufi, Abdullah Fahad A. Alshamrani, Amel F Alzain

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: fragmentation; CT number; renal stones; ESWL; serum calcium; uric acid

Online: 26 October 2023 (10:55:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1562.v1

Higher Aging Male’s Symptoms Scores Were Correlated with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

Takashi Kawahara, Sahoko Ninomiya, Teppei Takeshima, Tomoki Saito, Hiroki Ito, Mitsuru Komeya, Hisashi Hasumi, Yasushi Yumura, Kazuhide Makiyama, Hiroji Uemura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Lower Urinary Tract Syndrome; LOH; Questionnaire

Online: 25 October 2023 (07:31:48 CEST)

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Background Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is a condition caused by the decline of testosterone with aging, and is associated with various symptoms, including lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Although some reports have shown that testosterone replacement treatment for LOH improved LUTS, no large study has revealed a correlation between LUTS and LOH. This study investigated the correlation between the severity of LOH and LUTS in Asian Japanese males of >40 years of age using a web-based questionnaire. Methods We asked a total of 2,000 Japanese male individuals to answer both the AMS and IPSS/QOL questionnaires using a web-based survey. Among these 2,000 individuals, 500 individuals were assigned to each of the following age groups: 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and ≥70 years. LOH symptoms were assessed by AMS score as no/little (17-26 points), mild (27-36 points), moderate (37-49 points), and severe (≥50 points). To compare the risk of voiding and storage dysfunction according to the severity of AMS, voiding dysfunction was assessed by the sum of IPSS Q1, Q3, Q5, and Q6, while storage dysfunction was assessed by the sum of IPSS Q2, Q4, and Q7. Results The IPSS total score was positively correlated with the severity of AMS (shown as median [mean±SD]): no/little group, 2 (3.67±5.36); mild group, 6 (7.98±6.91); moderate group, 11 (12.49±8.63); and severe group, 16 (14.83±9.24) (p<0.0001). The prevalence of an IPSS total score of ≥8 in the AMS severity groups was as follows: no/little group, 13.3% (111 of 834); mild group, 38.3% (225 of 587); moderate group, 64.2% (244 of 380); severe group, 72.4% (144/199). The prevalence of nocturia in the AMS severity groups was as follows: no/little group, 19.8% (165 of 834); mild group, 31.5% (185 of 587); moderate group, 43.9% (167 of 380); and severe group, 50.8% (101 of 199). Conclusions Individuals with higher AMS values, which represents severe LOH symptoms, showed a higher risk of nocturia and LUTS.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1175.v1

Machine Learning Classifiers for Predictive Biomarkers Combining Clinical and Radiomic Data in Testicular Cancer

Catharina Silvia Lisson, Sabitha Manoj, Daniel Wolf, Christoph Gerhard Lisson, Stefan A. Schmidt, Meinrad Beer, Wolfgang Thaiss, Christian Bolenz, Friedemann Zengerling, Michael Goetz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: machine learning; testicular cancer; personalised oncology; precision imaging

Online: 18 October 2023 (11:52:35 CEST)

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Radiomics refers to the extraction and analysis of a wide range of medical imaging features in a non-invasive and cost-effective manner to comprehensively characterise tumours. In this study, machine learning models combining radiomics and clinical factors were developed to predict retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis in testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs), with the aim of reducing unnecessary treatment in this group of young patients. Ninety-one patients with surgically proven testicular germ cell tumours and contrast-enhanced CT were included in this retrospective study. After segmenting 273 retroperitoneal lymph nodes using dedicated radiomics software, we developed machine-learning prediction models using Random Forest (RF), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Support Vector Machine Classifier (SVC), and K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN). For each classifier, we developed a radiomics-only, clinical-only, and combined radiomics-clinical prediction model. The models’ performances were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs). The RF-based combined clinical and radiomic model showed the most robust performance in predicting LNM with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 (±0.03; 95% CI), accuracy 87%, precision 89%, recall 86% and F1 score 87%, followed by the LGBM model with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 (±0.05; 95% CI), accuracy 83%, precision 87%, recall 80% and F1 score 82%. Decision curve analysis demonstrated the clinical utility of our proposed RF-based combined clinical–radiomics model. Our study has identified reliable and predictive machine-learning techniques for predicting lymph node metastasis in early-stage testicular cancer. Identifying the most effective machine-learning approaches for predictive analysis based on radiomics integrating clinical risk factors can expand the applicability of radiomics in precision oncology and cancer treatment. Multi-centre validation is required to provide high-quality evidence for clinical application.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0745.v1

Current Status of Protein Biomarkers in Urolithiasis – a Review of the Recent Literature

Aleksandra Lasota, Anna Wasilewska, Agnieszka Rybi-Szumińska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: urolthiasis; children; protein biomarkers

Online: 11 October 2023 (14:12:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0531.v1

The Intrapelvic Pressure During Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in the Setting of Ureteral Access Sheath Size: Experimental Study on 3D Printed Model

Krzysztof Balawender, Anna Pliszka, Mariusz Oleksy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery; intrapelvic pressure; 3D printing; ureteral access sheath

Online: 10 October 2023 (03:21:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0328.v1

Comparison of Testicular Stiffness Values Obtained by Ultrasound Shear-Wave Elastography and Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Normal Healthy Volunteers

Levent Karakaş, Süheyl Poçan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: elastography; magnetic resonance; stiffness; testis

Online: 6 October 2023 (12:17:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0240.v1

Risk Biomarkers for Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer Using Clinical and MRI-Derived Semantic Features

Adalgisa Guerra, Filipe Caseiro Alves, Kris Maes, Rui Maio, Geert Villeirs, Helena Mouriño

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: extracapsular extension; prostate cancer; magnetic resonance imaging; radical prostatectomy; staging; biochemical recurrence; biochemical recurrence-free survival.

Online: 5 October 2023 (02:40:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1984.v1

Urinary L-FABP, a Biomarker for Disease Progression, Dialysis and Overall Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease

Nicos Mitsides, Vikram Mitra, Ananya Saha, Shelley Harris, Philip A. Kalra, Sandip Mitra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: chronic kidney disease; biomarkers; urinary liver type fatty acid binding protein; urinary protein to creatinine ratio

Online: 28 September 2023 (10:17:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1846.v1

Ultrasound Assessment of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter during Surgery in the Trendelenburg Position

Tomasz Skladzien, Emilia Kurdziel, Mikolaj Przydacz, Malgorzata Czogala, Jerzy Wordliczek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: optic nerve sheath diameter; point of care ultrasound; Trendelenburg position

Online: 27 September 2023 (08:16:54 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1344.v1

Zoon’s Balanitis as a Separate Type of Balanitis with the Characteristic Pattern of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression

Mateusz Czajkowski, Katarzyna Czajkowska, Piotr M. Wierzbicki, Anna Kotulak-Chrząszcz, Małgorzata Sokołowska-Wojdyło, Marzena Kogut-Wierzbicka, Zbigniew Kmieć, Marcin Matuszewski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: zoon balanitis; IL‑1; IL‑1RN; IL‑6; IFN‑γ; TGF‑β1

Online: 20 September 2023 (05:42:58 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1362.v1

Prechemotherapy Transperitoneal Robotic‐Assisted Partial Nephrectomy (RAPN) for a Wilms Tumor: Surgical and Oncological Outcomes in a Four‐Years‐Old Patient

Marcello Della Corte, Elisa Cerchia, Marco Oderda, Paola Quarello, Franca Fagioli, Paolo Gontero, Simona Gerocarni Nappo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Wilms Tumor; nephron‐sparing surgery; robotic surgery; partial nephrectomy; 3D reconstruction; DaVinci; metaverse; 3D virtual models

Online: 20 September 2023 (05:02:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1213.v1

The Influence of Microbiome on Urological Malignancies: A Systematic Review

Joao G. Porto, Maria Camila Suarez, Brandon Peña, Archan Khandekar, Ankur Malpani, Bruno Nahar, Sanoj Punnen, Chad R. Ritch, Mark L. Gonzalgo, Dipen J. Parekh, Robert Marcovich, Hemendra N. Shah

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: microbiome; prostate cancer; bladder cancer; kidney cancer; testicular cancer; penile cancer

Online: 18 September 2023 (19:21:53 CEST)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1025.v1

Radial Artery Deviation and Reimplantation (RADAR) to Accelerate the Maturation of Radial-Cephalic Fistulas for Hemodialysis

Tomasz Gołębiowski, Mariusz Kusztal, Andrzej Konieczny, Maciej Gołębiowski, Krzysztof Letachowicz, Dariusz Janczak, Magdalena Krajewska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: RADAR, arteriovenous fistula, fistula maturation

Online: 15 September 2023 (08:34:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0835.v1

Etiology, Clinical Approach, and Therapeutic Consequences of Hyponatremia

Goce Spasovski, Norbert Lameire

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: hyponatremia, water-electrolyte imbalance, tonicity, extracellular fluid

Online: 13 September 2023 (10:36:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0741.v1

Drug-Drug Interactions between Tamsulosin and Mirabegron in Healthy Individuals Do Not Affect Pharmacokinetics and Hemodynamic Parameters Significantly

Wonsuk Shin, A-Young Yang, Hyounggyoon Yoo, Anhye Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: drug-drug interaction; tamsulosin; mirabegron; pharmacokinetics

Online: 12 September 2023 (14:22:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0758.v1

Prophylactic Lymphadenectomy in Patients with Penile Cancer: Is Sooner the Better?

Tommaso Cai, Marco Capece, Maria Grazia Zorzi, Alessandro Palmieri, Mattia Barbareschi, Truls E. Bjerklund Johansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: penile cancer; lymph node dissection; timing; survival

Online: 12 September 2023 (10:29:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0542.v1

The Use of Vacuum Devices as Adjuvant Therapy before and after Penile Curvature Surgery: Results from a Comparative Study

Tommaso Cai, Marco Capece, Carlo Ceruti, Daniele Tiscione, Marco Puglisi, Paolo Verze, Paolo Gontero, Alessandro Palmieri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Peyronie's Disease; vacuum erection devices; penile curvature; surgery; quality of life

Online: 8 September 2023 (02:41:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0538.v1

Prognostic Significance of Amino Acid and Biogenic Amines Profiling in Chronic Kidney Disease

Guillermo Gervasini, Zoraida Verde, Luz María González, Celia Chicharro, Laura González-Rodríguez, Ana Fernández-Araque, Sonia Mota-Zamorano, Alberto Pérez-Hernández, Virginio García-López, Fernando Bandrés, Nicolás Roberto Robles

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; End-stage kidney disease; amino acids; metabolites

Online: 7 September 2023 (11:24:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0292.v1

Interaction of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism With Inflammation and Calcification Markers, Effect on All-Cause Mortality in Women on Dialysis

Marcela Avila, María-del Carmen Prado-Uribe, Carmen Mora, Alfonso Cueto-Manzano, Abdul Rashid Qureshi, Bengt Lindholm, Sofia Bernal-Amador, Ramón Paniagua

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: bone mineral markers; phosphate/calcium homeostasis; dialysis; inflammation; mortality; vitamin D receptor polymorphism; diabetes; vascular calcification; hs-CRP; CKD

Online: 6 September 2023 (03:34:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0126.v1

Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome in Children in Chad: Epidemiology and Clinical Outcome

Guillaume MAHAMAT ABDERRAMAN, Youssouf DJIDITA HAGRE, Hissein Ali MAHAMAT, Senoussi CHARFADINE, Ali Sakine AMNE, Adoum Attimer KHADIDJA, Lionel ROSTAING

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: nephrotic syndrome; pediatrics; nephrology; steroids; FSGS; Chad; sub-Saharan countries

Online: 4 September 2023 (03:44:10 CEST)

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Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) remains the most frequent mode of presentation of glo-merular diseases in children; in addition, the NS is primitive, i.e., idiopathic in 90% of cases with an average age of onset between 2 and 10 years. The objective of our study was to describe the char-acteristics and outcome of NS in children from 3 major hospitals from one of the poorest countries worldwide (Chad). Patients and Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and multicenter study which took place over a period of 36 months (January 1,2019-December 31,2021) carried out in 3 hospitals in N’Djamena (Chad). All children aged 1-15 years presenting with NS were included. Results: Out of 16,776 children hospitalized or followed-up in outpatient clinics, 24 cases of NS were identified, giving a prevalence of 0.14%. The median age at presentation was 6.16(1-10) years. Nineteen children were male (sex ratio 3.8). There were 8 impure NS (33.3%). Edema was present in all patients, oliguria in 29.16%(n=7), and arterial hypertension in 20.83%(n=5) of cases. Mean proteinuria, albuminemia and total proteins were 2.86g/L, 19.13g/L and 30.41g/L respectively. Median serum creatinine was 87.3 µmol/L(75-1375µmol/L); three patients had acute renal failure on admission. Four patients had secondary NS. All patients (n=20) with idiopathic NS had received corticosteroid therapy; steroid-sensitivity was found in 90% of patients. Those who were not ster-oid-sensitive or relapsed underwent kidney biopsy (n=7); the most represented histological lesion was focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; n=4), followed by minimal change disease (n=2), and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (n=1). The median length of hospitalization stay was 10.67 (5-27) days. None of the patients with idiopathic NS died. At last follow-up sixteen patients (80%) achieved long-term complete remission with normal renal function; however, 4 had subse-quent relapses. 16 patients. One patient with secondary NS died. Conclusion: In Chad childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome involves mostly young male; steroid sensitivity is as high as 95% and in the long-term 80% of the patients are in remission with normal renal function.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2093.v1

Semaphorin 3A Signaling in Kidney Development and Diseases

Yizhen Sang, Kenji Tsuji, Hiroyuki Nakanoh, Kazuhiko Fukushima, Shinji Kitamura, Jun Wada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: semaphorin 3A; neuropilin-1; podocyte; diabetic nephropathy; acute kidney injury; chronic kidney injury; lupus nephritis; fibrosis; apoptosis; inflammation

Online: 31 August 2023 (02:53:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1560.v1

Factors Influencing Vitamin K Deficiency In Hemodialysis Patients

Marcel Palamar, Iulia Grosu, Adalbert Schiller, Ligia Petrica, Madalina Bodea, Alexandru Sircuta, Cornel Rusan, Daniela Maria Tanasescu, Flaviu Bob

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: hemodialysis, calcifications, vitamin K, osteocalcin, Matrix Gla protein

Online: 22 August 2023 (11:13:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1452.v1

Application of bioelectrical impedance analysis in nutritional management of patients with chronic kidney disease

Yanchao Guo, Meng Zhang, Ting Ye, Zhixiang Wang, Ying Yao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: body composition; bioelectrical impedance analysis; chronic kidney disease; nutrition

Online: 21 August 2023 (09:57:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1352.v1

Oral Iron Absorption of Ferric Citrate Hydrate and Hepcidin-25 in Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial

Naohisa Tomosugi, Yoshitaka Koshino, Chie Ogawa, Kunimi Maeda, Noriaki Shimada, Kimio Tomita, Shoichiro Daimon, Tsutomu Shikano, Kazuyuki Ryu, Toru Takatani, Kazuya Sakamoto, Satonori Ueyama, Daisuke Nagasaku, Masato Nakamura, Shibun Ra, Masataka Nishimura, Chieko Takagi, Yoji Ishii, Noritoshi Kudo, Shinsuke Takechi, Takashi Ishizu, Takamoto Yanagawa, Masamichi Fukuda, Yutaka Nitta, Takayuki Yamaoka, Taku Saito, Suzuko Imayoshi, Momoyo Omata, Joji Oshima, Akira Onozaki, Hiroaki Ichihashi, Yasuhisa Matsushima, Hisahito Takae, Ryoichi Nakazawa, Koichi Ikeda, Masato Tsuboi, Keiko Konishi, Shouzaburo Kato, Maki Ooura, Masaki Koyama, Tsukasa Naganuma, Makoto Ogi, Shigeyuki Katayama, Toshiaki Okumura, Shigemi Kameda, Sayuri Shirai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: oral iron absorption; ferric citrate hydrate; hemodialysis; hepcidin-25; iron shift

Online: 18 August 2023 (11:20:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1301.v1

MicroRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Acute Kidney Injury

Kenji Tsuji, Hiroyuki Nakanoh, Kazuhiko Fukushima, Shinji Kitamura, Jun Wada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: microRNA; acute kidney injury; biomarker; mesenchymal stem cell.

Online: 18 August 2023 (10:57:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1224.v1

Prostate- Specific Antigen (PSA) Significance in Frail Men

Nikolaos Kostakopoulos, Themistoklis Bellos, Stamatios Katsimperis, Evangelos Malovrouvas, Athanasios Papatsoris

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Prostate Specific Antigen; Frailty; Prostate cancer screening; Hypogonadism; Benign Prostatic Obstruction

Online: 17 August 2023 (08:49:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0953.v1

Prostate Cancer Severity in Relation to Level of Food Processing

Salvatore Sciacca, Arturo Lo Giudice, Maria Giovanna Asmundo, Sebastiano Cimino, Ali. A Alshatwi, Giuseppe Morgia, Matteo Ferro, Giorgio Ivan Russo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostate cancer; ultra-processed foods; food processing; NOVA classification

Online: 11 August 2023 (19:06:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1818.v1

Is modern medicine in need of an overhydration marker in kidney failure? The accuracy of available fluid overload markers and the potential of the new ones.

Barbara Emilia Nikitiuk, Alicja Rydzewska-Rosołowska, Katarzyna Kakareko, Irena Głowińska, Tomasz Hryszko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Fluid status 1; overhydration 2; hydration status 3; renal failure 4; kidney failure 5; heart failure 6; Ca-125 7; NT-pro-BNP 8; VEXUS 9; BIS 10

Online: 9 August 2023 (12:44:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0772.v1

IMPACT OF OBESITY ON PERI-OPERATIVE AND LONG-TERM FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES AFTER ROBOTIC ASSISTED SIMPLE PROSTATECTOMY

Alfredo Maria Bove, Mario Alberto Ochoa Arvizo, Aldo Brassetti, Simone D'Annunzio, Leonardo Misuraca, Gabriele Tuderti, Umberto Anceschi, Riccardo Mastroianni, Maria Consiglia Ferriero, Rocco Simone Flammia, Flavia Proietti, Costantino Leonardo, Giuseppe Simone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: robot-assisted simple prostatectomy, Obesity, BMI, benign prostatic obstruction, functional outcomes, Trifecta, pentafecta.

Online: 9 August 2023 (10:53:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0733.v1

Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in Senescence and Kidney Fibrosis

Yi Yang, Milos Mihajlovic, Rosalinde Masereeuw

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: chronic kidney disease; uremic toxins; renal tubular transport; extracellular matrix remodeling; apoptosis resistance; inflammatory response; senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors

Online: 9 August 2023 (10:49:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0509.v1

Surgical Phase Duration in Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy: A Surgical Data Science Exploration for Clinical Relevance

Pieter De Backer, Maria Peraire Lores, Meret Demuynck, Federico Piramide, Jente Simoens, Tim Oosterlinck, Wouter Bogaert, Chi Victor Shan, Karel Van Regemorter, Aube Wastyn, Enrico Checcucci, Charlotte Debbaut, Charles Van Praet, Rui Farinha, Ruben De Groote, Anthony Gallagher, Karel Decaestecker, Alex Mottrie

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: phase duration assessment; partial nephrectomy; video analysis; surgical data science

Online: 7 August 2023 (10:10:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1978.v1

Administration of Enfortumab Vedotin after an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and the Prognosis in Japanese Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Large Database Study

Takashi Kawahara, Akihito Hasizume, Koichi Uemura, Katsuya Yamaguchi, Hiroki Ito, Teppei Takeshima, Hisashi Hasumi, Jun-ichi Teranishi, Kimito Ousaka, Kazuhide Makiyama, Hiroji Uemura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: enfortumab vedotin; urothelial carcinoma; database; real‐world; immune checkpoint

Online: 28 July 2023 (11:46:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1940.v1

Effectiveness of Silymarin, Sulforaphane, Lycopene, Green Tea, Tryptophan, Glutathione and Escin on Human Health: A Narrative Review

Francesco Sebastiani, Carlo D'Alterio, Cristina Vocca, Luca Gallelli, Fabrizo Palumbo, Tommaso Cai, Alessandro Palmieri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: sulphoraphane; silymarin; lycopene; glutathione; escin; tryptophan; green tea; men health; prevention

Online: 27 July 2023 (13:24:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1307.v1

Acute Kidney Injury, Renal Replacement Therapy, and Sepsis after Cardiac Surgery: The Roles of TIMP2*IGBP7 and Mid-Regional Pro-Adrenomedullin

Antonio Lacquaniti, Fabrizio Ceresa, Susanna Campo, Giovanna Barbera, Daniele Caruso, Elenia Palazzo, Francesco Patanè, Paolo Monardo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: acute kidney Injury; TIMP2xIGBP7; mid-regional-pro-adrenomedullin; sepsis

Online: 19 July 2023 (08:15:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1170.v1

Long-term Oncological and Functional Outcomes after Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy with Hyperselective Embolization of Tumor Vessels in a Hybrid Operating Room

Ulysse Frantz, Antoine Bouvier, Thibaut Culty, Merzouka Zidane, Souhil Lebdai, Pierre Bigot

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Hybrid operating room; Kidney cancer; Laparoscopy; Oncology; Surgery

Online: 18 July 2023 (07:55:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0924.v1

Experimental Treatment Efficacy of dmrFABP5 on Prostate Cancer Singly or in Combination with Drugs in Use

Saud A. Abdulsamad, Abdulghani A. Naeem, Hao Zeng, Gang He, Xi Jin, Bandar T. Alenezi, Jianzhong Ai, Jiacheng Zhang, Hongwen Ma, Youqiang Ke

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: dmrFABP5, Prostate Cancer, CRPC, Enzalutamide, Docetaxel, Synergic effect.

Online: 13 July 2023 (11:05:11 CEST)

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Medicine and Pharmacology