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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1660.v1

Inflammation and Cancer: A Temporal Perspective on Emerging Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Focusing on Gastrointestinal Cancers

Hikmet Akkiz, Halis Şinşek, Deniz Balci, Yakup Ülger, Engin Onan, Nevin Akçaer, Anıl Delik

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: tumor microenvironment; cancer-associated inflammation; cancer-associated fibroblasts; gastrointestinal cancer; innate immunity; adaptive immunity

Online: 22 October 2024 (11:14:56 CEST)

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Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are the most common causes of global cancer burden and cancer-related deaths. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark feature of GI tumors and plays an important role in tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic response. The genetic makeup of cancer cell, as well as epigenetic alterations, and biological processes constitute an inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) that provides an essential nich for cancer initiation and progression. Cancer-associated inflammation, a key component of TME, displays protumoral or antitumoral activity depending on the composition, spatial distribution, and functional status of the immune cells involved, thus adversely affecting response to cancer treatment and clinical outcomes, whereas acute inflammation supports T-cell priming, activation, and infiltration into malignant tissues, thereby conferring anti-tumoral immunity. Inflammatory cells and proinflammatory molecules within the TME act as a bridge between inflammation and cancer. The majority of cells involved in the inflammatory process in the TME are innate immune cells, which play a critical role in shapping both the cellular composition of the TME and the plasticity of cancer cells and stromal cells. Activation of innate immune cells in the TME initiates the production of inflammatory, regenerative, and anti-inflammatory soluble molecules, resulting in adaptive immune response to the cancer. Additionally, aberrant activation of intracellular signaling pathways, inflammatory molecules, and metabolites have critical roles in the development and healing of inflammation during carcinogenesis. Cancer-associated inflammation may inhibit the effectiveness of anti-cancer agents by causing enzymatic degradation of drugs and modulating the immun activity, thus affecting survival of patient. In this review article, we highlight the genetic and cellular mechanisms involved in the formation of the inflammatory component of the TME in GI cancers, the soluble molecules, the cancer cell-immune cell interactions, and the implications of all these for clinical outcomes. We also comprehensively address the mechanisms linking chronic inflammation to cancer, with a focus on the most frequent GI cancers.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1572.v1

Assessing the Impact of Drug-Eluting Bead Transarterial Chemoembolization on Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights from a Propensity Score Matched Retrospective Analysis

Cong Liu, Lei Yuan, Hui Zhang, Jian Yu Wang, Chen Zhao, Xiao Yang Xu, Long Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization; Liver fibrosis; Propensity score matching

Online: 21 October 2024 (11:56:45 CEST)

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Objective:This study aims to evaluate the impact of drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) compared to conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a specific focus on liver fibrosis progression. By utilizing propensity score matching (PSM), the study seeks to examine the effects of both treatments on liver fibrosis and survival rates, providing evidence to inform clinical decision-making. Methods:This retrospective analysis included HCC patients who underwent DEB-TACE or cTACE at Xuzhou Cancer Hospital between October 2020 and September 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to ensure comparability between the two groups based on baseline characteristics, with a 1:1 matching ratio. The primary endpoints included liver fibrosis markers (such as hyaluronic acid, type III procollagen, type IV collagen, and laminin), liver function trends (ALT, AST, TBIL, ALB), and adverse events. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results:After PSM, 92 patients were included (46 in the DEB-TACE group and 46 in the cTACE group). Results demonstrated that the DEB-TACE group showed superior outcomes in reducing liver fibrosis markers (e.g., PC-III, IV-C, and LN) compared to the cTACE group. Additionally, the incidence of nausea, vomiting, and postoperative pain was significantly lower in the DEB-TACE group (p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that PFS and OS were significantly longer in the DEB-TACE group compared to the cTACE group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis further confirmed the independent protective effect of DEB-TACE in reducing liver fibrosis progression (OR = 2.39, p = 0.044). Conclusion:This study confirms the advantages of DEB-TACE in treating patients with intermediate to advanced HCC, particularly in slowing liver fibrosis progression and improving survival outcomes. The use of propensity score matching enhances the reliability of these findings. Future studies should continue to explore the potential of DEB-TACE in broader patient populations to optimize treatment strategies for HCC.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1457.v1

Relationship of Oxidative Balance Score to Gallstone Prevalence and Gallbladder Surgery in American Adults: Evidence from NHANES 2017–2020

Shouxin Wei, Sijia Yu, Zhengwen Xu, Chuan Qian, Yingdong Jia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: OBS; Gallstones; Gallbladder surgery; NHANES; cross-sectional study

Online: 18 October 2024 (11:24:43 CEST)

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Background: Gallstones represent a common gastrointestinal disorder, affecting approximately 10-20% of the global population. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of gallstones; however, there remains a lack of effective clinical indicators to predict their formation. This study addresses this gap by investigating the relationship between oxidative balance score (OBS) and the incidence of gallstones and gallbladder surgery, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2017 to 2020. Methods: This study investigated the association between OBS and the occurrence of gallstones and gallbladder surgery by analyzing data from NHANES for the period 2017–2020, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, race, and comorbidities. Various statistical analyses were applied, including multivariate logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and smoothed curve-fitting models.Results: The results revealed a significant negative correlation between OBS and the risks of both gallstones and gallbladder surgery, with each one-unit increase in OBS associated with a 2.6% reduction in gallstone risk (OR=0.974, 95% CI: 0.958-0.990) and a 3.3% reduction in the risk of gallbladder surgery (OR=0.967, 95% CI: 0.950-0.983). Subgroup analyses confirmed the consistency of these associations across various demographic and health-related factors. Furthermore, a dose-response relationship was observed between higher OBS and a reduced risk of gallbladder surgery.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that a higher OBS is associated with a lower incidence of gallstones and reduced rates of gallbladder surgery, offering new insights into the link between oxidative stress levels and gallstone formation as well as surgical intervention. The findings underscore the potential of OBS as a valuable tool for identifying at-risk populations and informing personalized prevention strategies for gallstone disease.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1462.v1

Genetic evidence elucidates the effect of gut microbiota on diverticular disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Pan Jiang, Wenjing Yang, Xianghan Cao, Yushu Cao, Yanfei Fang, Hong Sheng, Kan Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Gut microbiota; circulating metabolites; diverticular disease; Mendelian randomization study

Online: 18 October 2024 (10:57:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1337.v1

Higher Blood Neuropeptide Y Concentration Is Associated with Better Prognosis After Surgery for Colorectal Cancer

Jacek Budzyński, Damian Czarnecki, Marcin Ziółkowski, Beata Szukay, Natalia Mysiak, Agata Staniewska, Małgorzata Michalska, Ewa Żekanowska, Krzysztof Tojek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: neuropeptide Y; colorectal cancer; surgery; nutritional status; nutritional risk; prognosis

Online: 17 October 2024 (03:28:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1226.v1

Pancreatic Morphology, Immunology and the Pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis

Tudorel Mihoc, Silviu Constantin Latcu, Cosmin-Ciprian Secasan, Vlad Dema, Alin Adrian Cumpanas, Mircea Selaru, Catalin Alexandru Pirvu, Andrei Paul Valceanu, Flavia Zara, Cristina-Stefania Dumitru, Dorin Novacescu, Stelian Pantea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: acute pancreatitis biology; gross anatomy; pancreatic histology; inflammation and immunology; diagnostics; histopathology; biomarkers; drug discovery; epidemiology and etiology; embryology

Online: 15 October 2024 (20:39:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1079.v1

Association of Gut Microbiome and Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Rapid Literature Review

Sandra F. Gomes, André Valois, Maria Manuela Estevinho, Mafalda Santiago, Fernando Magro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: dipeptidyl peptidase 4; gut microbiome; inflammatory bowel disease; inflammation; immune-mediated inflammatory diseases; immunomodulation; rapid review

Online: 14 October 2024 (14:53:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0745.v1

A Proposal for a Simple Subclassification of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Systemic Treatment

Norihiro Imai, Takafumi Yamamoto, Kazuyuki Mizuno, Shinya Yokoyama, Kenta Yamamoto, Takanori Ito, Yoji Ishizu, Teiji Kuzuya, Takashi Honda, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Hiroki Kawashima

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: advanced hepatocellular carcinoma; immune checkpoint inhibitor; vascular invasion; extrahepatic metastasis

Online: 10 October 2024 (09:08:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0492.v1

Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Advances in the Management of Peptic Ulcers: A Comprehensive Review

Roshan Agrawal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Peptic ulcer

Online: 8 October 2024 (08:33:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0215.v1

Advancements in Imaging and Medical AI for the Management of Liver Disease ― Applications and Challenges in Personalized Care

Naoshi Nishida

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: artificial intelligence; deep learning; liver disease; hepatocellular carcinoma; imagining; diagnosis; treatment; personalized medicine

Online: 3 October 2024 (08:20:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0137.v1

Survival of Patients with Alcohol-Related Liver Disease Cirrhosis - Usefulness of the New LIV-IN Prognostic Score

Vera Matovic Zaric, Ivana Pantic, Sofija Lugonja, Tijana Glisic, Snezana Konjikusic, Iva Lolic, Nevena Baljosevic, Sanja Zgradic, Jasna El Mezeni, Marko Vojnovic, Marija Brankovic, Tamara M. Milovanovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: liver cirrhosis; survival; score

Online: 3 October 2024 (04:00:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0162.v1

Myokines and Their Potential Protective Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

José Luis Bucarey, Evan M Paules, Isis Trujillo-Gonzalez, Alejandra Espinosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: MASLD; GPX4; lipid peroxidation; ferroptosis; myokines; oxidative stress

Online: 2 October 2024 (12:16:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2041.v1

Research Collaboration in Viral Hepatitis: A Network Analysis of 60,720 Publications over Two Decades

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: gastroenterology; viral hepatitis; co‐authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies

Online: 26 September 2024 (09:04:05 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to analyze the structure of the co-authorship network in viral hepatitis research from 2000 to 2023 using data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection. The objective is to identify key researchers, evaluate the collaborative dynamics, and understand the evolution of scientific contributions in this field. Method: This study utilized network analysis techniques to evaluate 60,720 publications related to viral hepatitis research indexed in the WoS Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. The analysis was conducted using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3). The co-authorship networks were assessed using macro-level indicators such as network density (the ratio of actual to possible connections), clustering coefficient (degree of node clustering), number of components (distinct connected subgroups), and average path length (average distance between nodes). Micro-level indicators including degree centrality (importance based on the number of connections), closeness centrality (proximity to other nodes), and betweenness centrality (frequency of a node on the shortest paths between others) were also analyzed.Result: The findings reveal that the viral hepatitis research network is characterized by low network density, indicating sparse overall collaboration. However, the clustering coefficient is high, suggesting strong collaborations within small, cohesive groups. Over the years, researchers such as Stefan Zeuzem, Maria Buti, and Fabien Zoulim have played pivotal roles, serving as central figures in the network. A noticeable increase in network density and clustering from 2020-2023 suggests growing collaboration in recent years.Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of international collaboration in advancing viral hepatitis research. Key researchers have emerged as influential contributors, facilitating global research activities. Network analysis provides valuable insight into the structure of these collaborations and helps identify potential areas for future research and partnerships to combat viral hepatitis globally. The results of this study should be used to reduce global healthcare disparities, promote research collaboration, and address viral hepatitis as a global public health problem.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1931.v1

Extracorporeal Photopheresis of Patients with Crohn’s Disease Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid – a First-in-Human Phase I/II Study

Kristian Espeland, Eidi Christensen, Astrid Aandahl, Andreas Ulvær, Trond Warloe, Andrius Kleinauskas, Sagar Darvekar, Petras Juzenas, Vlada Vasovic, Qian Peng, Jørgen Jahnsen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Crohns disease; extracorporeal photopheresis; ECP; 8-MOP; UV-A; blue light

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:21:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1692.v1

Association Between Nutrition-Related Indicators and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Advanced Liver Fibrosis: Evidence from NHANES 2017–2020

Shouxin Wei, Sijia Yu, Ningbo Yang, Yindong Jia, Yunshen Lan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: NAFLD; AHF; nutritional status; NHANES; cross-sectional study

Online: 23 September 2024 (12:24:40 CEST)

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Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide, and its incidence has been rising in parallel with the prevalence of obesity and diabetes. A critical marker for the progression of NAFLD is advanced hepatic fibrosis (AHF), which can result in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study sought to investigate the potential associations between five nutrition-related indices—the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlled nutritional score (CONUT), triglyceride-total cholesterol-body mass index (TCBI), and albumin/globulin ratio (AGR)—and the progression of NAFLD and AHF. Methods: This study analyzed the association between five nutrition-related indicators and the occurrence of NAFLD and AHF by utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2017 to 2020.03. After adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, clinical, and laboratory-related factors, the associations were examined employing various statistical techniques, including multivariate logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and smooth curve fitting analysis. Results: This study included 5,514 subjects, of whom 2,088 were diagnosed with NAFLD and 359 with AHF. After adjusting for potential confounding factors using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the results revealed that GNRI, PNI, and TCBI were positively associated with the incidence of NAFLD, while CONUT and AGR demonstrated negative associations with NAFLD. Additionally, GNRI, CONUT, and TCBI were positively associated with the incidence of AHF, while AGR demonstrated a negative association with AHF.Conclusions: The study demonstrates that nutritional status plays a dual role in the progression of NAFLD and AHF, serving as both a risk and protective factor. These findings offer a scientific foundation for the early identification of high-risk populations and the development of individualized nutritional intervention strategies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1645.v1

Unexpected Hepatoprotective Effects of the Neuroproteсtor Lithium Ascorbate in a Model of a ʺWesternʺ Diet with Iron Overload and Multiple Organ Pathology

Ivan Torshin, Olga Gromova, Tatiana Bogacheva, Vadim Demidov, Vyacheslav Rastashansky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: neuroprotectors; lithium therapy; fatty liver disease; animal models; hepatoprtection; iron overload; hemosiderosis; chemoinformatics; intelligent data analysis (data mining); lithium ascorbate

Online: 20 September 2024 (14:58:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1373.v1

Endoscopic Management of Post-Esophagectomy Delayed-Gastric-Conduit-Emptying (DGCE): Results from a Cohort Study in a Tertiary Referral Center with Comparison between Procedures

Giuseppe Dell’Anna, Francesco Vito Mandarino, Jacopo Fanizza, Ernesto Fasulo, Alberto Barchi, Rukaia Barà, Edoardo Vespa, Edi Viale, Francesco Azzolini, Lorella Fanti, Silvia Battaglia, Francesco Puccetti, Andrea Cossu, Ugo Elmore, Lorenzo Fuccio, Vito Annese, Alberto Malesci, Riccardo Rosati, Silvio Danese

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: delayed gastric conduit emptying; esophagectomy; endoscopic pneumatic dilation; botulinum toxin ;

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:26:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1425.v1

Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Critical Procedures in Patients Hospitalized with Cirrhosis Complications

Miriam M. Sanchez, Chris A. Sabillon, Thomas G. Cotter, Marlyn J. Mayo, Kevin A. Sanchez, Chukwuma Egwim, Anunaya Aashish

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Decompensated Cirrhosis; Portal Hypertension; Health Disparities; Hepatology; TIPS; EGD; Liver transplantation

Online: 18 September 2024 (15:30:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1120.v1

The Future of Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP): Spotlight on Key Researchers and Emerging Global Networks

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: gastroenterology; autoimmune pancreatitis; co-authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies

Online: 14 September 2024 (10:21:11 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to analyze the collaborative networks and identify key players in autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) research from 2000 to 2023. Using data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection, I assess the structure and evolution of co-authorship networks to understand collaboration trends and influential researchers in the field.Method: I conducted a network analysis of co-authorship patterns in AIP research using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3). The analysis included macro-level indicators: network density, clustering coefficient, components, and average distance, as well as micro-level indicators: degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality. These metrics were used to evaluate the connectivity, clustering, and key nodes within the network across three distinct periods: 2000-2009, 2010-2019, and 2020-2023.Result: The analysis revealed that the co-authorship network in AIP research evolved from a fragmented structure with limited collaboration in the early 2000s to a more interconnected but still dispersed network in recent years. Despite an increase in network density and a decrease in the number of disconnected components over time, the overall structure remains highly clustered, with many researchers operating within isolated groups. Key figures, such as Kazuichi Okazaki, Terumi Kamisawa, and Shigeyuki Kawa from Japan, consistently ranked high in centrality measures, highlighting their significant influence and leadership in the field. The findings suggest that while local collaborations are strong, broader international connections are still developing.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the collaborative landscape in AIP research, identifying central researchers and highlighting persistent fragmentation within the network. The prominent role of Japanese researchers in shaping the field underscores the importance of fostering greater international collaboration to bridge gaps between research clusters. Enhancing global partnerships could lead to more integrated and impactful research outcomes, ultimately advancing the understanding and management of autoimmune pancreatitis.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0944.v1

Budd-Chiari Syndrome Research Collaboration: A Network Analysis of Scientific Contributions (2000-2023)

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Gastroenterology; Budd-Chiari syndrome; co-authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies

Online: 12 September 2024 (17:45:46 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to analyze the structure of the co-authorship network in Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) research from 2000 to 2023 using data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection. The objective is to identify key researchers, evaluate the collaborative dynamics, and understand the evolution of scientific contributions in this field. Method: This study utilized network analysis techniques to evaluate 2,877 publications related to BCS research indexed in the WoS Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. The analysis was conducted using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3). The co-authorship networks were assessed using macro-level indicators such as network density (the ratio of actual to possible connections), clustering coefficient (degree of node clustering), number of components (distinct connected subgroups), and average path length (average distance between nodes). Micro-level indicators including degree centrality (importance based on the number of connections), closeness centrality (proximity to other nodes), and betweenness centrality (frequency of a node on the shortest paths between others) were also analyzed.Result: The results revealed a highly fragmented network structure in the early years (2000-2009), characterized by low network density (0.0017) and a large number of disconnected components (533). Key researchers such as Aurelie Plessier and Dominique Valla emerged as central figures in terms of degree and closeness centrality. In the 2010-2019 period, the network showed slight improvements, with density decreasing to 0.0016 but an increase in the number of components to 645, indicating persistent fragmentation. From 2020 to 2023, the network demonstrated increased cohesiveness with a density of 0.0032 and a reduction in components to 376. Influential researchers in the final period included Virginia Hernandez-Gea and Valerie Paradis, who played pivotal roles in connecting disparate research clusters.Conclusion: The co-authorship network analysis of BCS research over the past two decades highlights a gradual yet incomplete evolution towards greater collaboration and integration among researchers. While the network's cohesiveness has improved, significant fragmentation remains, suggesting that further efforts are needed to enhance global and interdisciplinary collaboration. Addressing these challenges is crucial for fostering a more connected and productive research community that can advance the understanding and management of BCS.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0975.v1

19G EUS-FNA versus 22G EUS-FNB for Pancreatic Tumors: A Retrospective Comparative Study

Nobuhiro Katsukura, Shinpei Doi, Jun Hayakawa, Kanji Okamoto, Tomohiro Akutsu, Yuta Namura, Go Saito, Tomohiro Kikuyama, Takako Adachi, Kotaro Matsumoto, Ayako Watanabe, Hiromichi Tsunashima, Takayuki Tsujikawa, Tatsuya Aso, Mikiko Takahashi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition; solid pancreatic lesions; fine needle aspiration needles; fine needle biopsy needles

Online: 12 September 2024 (11:34:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0589.v1

Colonoscopy Research Collaboration: A Comprehensive Network Analysis of the Structure and Impact of Research Partnerships

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Gastroenterology, colonoscopy, co-authorship network analysis, network analysis, research collaboration, research trend analysis, research trends, key researchers, research strategies, internal medicine,planning future collaborative studies

Online: 9 September 2024 (08:29:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0408.v1

Co-Authorship Network Analysis in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Research: Evaluating Collaboration and Structural Changes from 2000 to 2023

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease; GERD; co-authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies

Online: 5 September 2024 (05:05:34 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to analyze the evolution of co-author networks in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) research from 2000 to 2023, using data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection. The objective is to provide a structural overview of researcher collaborations in this specialized field, highlighting key contributors and the impact of international cooperation. Method: I conducted a co-author network analysis on 19,463 GERD -related articles indexed in the WoS Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. Using Python (Version 3.10.5) within the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3), I assessed macro-level indicators including network density, clustering coefficient, number of components, and average distance. Micro-level indicators such as degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality were also evaluated to understand the roles of individual researchers in the network.Result: The GERD co-authorship network exhibited a sparse structure with low network density, indicating limited realized collaborations compared to potential connections. The clustering coefficient was consistently high across the analyzed periods, suggesting that researchers frequently formed tight-knit groups. The network was fragmented into numerous components, with significant disconnection between groups. Degree centrality highlighted key researchers such as Dent, J., and Shaheen, N.J., who had extensive collaborative reach. In contrast, closeness and betweenness centrality identified strategic intermediaries like Bredenoord, A.J. and Kahrilas, P.J., who facilitated connections across otherwise isolated segments of the network.Conclusion: The co-authorship network analysis revealed a persistently fragmented landscape in GERD research, with considerable room for enhancing collaboration among researchers. Identifying key contributors and understanding their roles within the network can guide future efforts to foster more integrated and comprehensive research collaborations. This study underscores the importance of strategic networking and partnership development in advancing GERD research and optimizing the field's collaborative potential.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0230.v1

Key Researchers: Structural Evolution of Co-Author Networks in Single-Balloon Enteroscopy (2000-2023)

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: single-balloon enteroscope; single balloon enteroscopy technique; single balloon enteroscopy; ; co-authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies

Online: 4 September 2024 (04:54:56 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to analyze the evolution of co-author networks in Single-Balloon Enteroscope (SBE) research from 2000 to 2023, using data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection. The objective is to provide a structural overview of researcher collaborations in this specialized field, highlighting key contributors and the impact of international cooperation. Method: I conducted a co-author network analysis on 149 SBE-related articles indexed in the WoS Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. Using Python (Version 3.10.5) within the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3), I assessed macro-level indicators including network density, clustering coefficient, number of components, and average distance. Micro-level indicators such as degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality were also evaluated to understand the roles of individual researchers in the network.Result: The analysis revealed that the co-author networks in SBE research have evolved over the studied period, with varying degrees of connectivity and collaboration. From 2000 to 2009, the network showed moderate clustering but high fragmentation, with a few key researchers like Nista, Enrico C., and Spada, Cristiano playing central roles. In the 2010-2019 period, network density decreased, indicating expansion in the author pool but less frequent co-authorships. However, the clustering coefficient remained high, suggesting localized collaboration. Central figures such as Itoi, Takao emerged as influential in bridging network gaps. In the most recent period (2020-2023), network density moderately increased, reflecting improved collaboration. Key contributors included Tanisaka, Yuki, and Ryozawa, Shomei, who enhanced connectivity within the network. Despite these advancements, the network remained fragmented with isolated components throughout all periods. Conclusion: The co-author networks in SBE research have shown an overall increase in collaboration over the past two decades, with key contributors playing pivotal roles in connecting disparate groups. However, the persistent fragmentation suggests a need for more integrated efforts to enhance international collaboration. Understanding these network dynamics can inform future strategies for fostering global cooperation and advancing SBE research.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2141.v1

International Network Structures in Capsule Endoscopy Research: Co-Author Analysis from 2000 to 2023

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: capsule endoscop; co-authorship network; network analysis; international research collaboration; gastroenterology research

Online: 29 August 2024 (17:01:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2016.v1

Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Injury

Jingjing Dong, Ying Luo, Yingtang Gao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Extracellular vesicles; Stem cells; Liver injury; Animal models; Clinical research

Online: 28 August 2024 (10:25:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1894.v1

Suboptimal Hepatitis B Vaccine Response in IBD Patients: Prednisolone and Esomeprazole as Contributing Factors

Ahmed Alwassief, Said A. Al-Busafi, Ali Mahgoub, Afra Alhinai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: hepatitis B; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); HBV vaccination; immune response; immunogenicity to vaccination

Online: 27 August 2024 (15:39:16 CEST)

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Background: Inflammatory Bowel disease (IBD) is one of the worldwide health issues with increasing incidence. Recent data point out that those patients can have a defective immune system, rendering response to vaccinations suboptimal. Since 1990, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) vaccination has been introduced among the compulsory childhood vaccinations in Oman. Given the questionable immunogenicity of vaccinations in IBD patients, we designed this study to quantify the immune response to scheduled HBV vaccine in IBD patients and compare it with that in a matching control cohort of healthy blood donors at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH). Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study that was conducted between the 1st of July 2023 and the 31st of May 2024 at SQUH. Using the hospital information System (HIS), a total of 252 participants were enrolled in our study and divided into two groups. Group (1) included 126 IBD patients and group (2) included 126 healthy controls. Baseline demographics, medical comorbidities and viral serologies before and after vaccination were collected. The primary outcome of the study was to compare the long term immune response to HBV vaccine between the two groups. The secondary outcomes included identifying possible risk factors for suboptimal vaccine response. Results: One hundred and twenty-six participants were included in each group. Durable protective immune response to HBV vaccine was attained in 29 patients (23%) of the IBD group compared to 109 participants (86.5%) of the control group. There was a statistically significant association (p = 0.0156) between prednisolone treatment and low immune response to HBV vaccine. Moreover, esomeprazole usage exhibited a statistically significant association (p < 0.0001) with suboptimal response to HBV vaccine. Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant correlation between low immunogenicity to HBV vaccine and age, sex, type of IBD, comorbidities, and BMI. Conclusions: IBD patients are less immunogenic to HBV vaccination compared to healthy controls. Factors like esomeprazole and/or corticosteroid therapy might be associated with poor immune response. These findings highlight the importance of reassessing the immunogenicity of HBV vaccination and probably other protective vaccinations in all IBD patients as part of their standard of care.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1694.v1

Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer

Takashi Murakami, Hiroaki Shimizu, Hiroyuki Nojima, Kiyohiko Shuto, Akihiro Usui, Chihiro Kosugi, Keiji Koda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Diffusion-weighted imaging; magnetic resonance imaging; lymph node metastasis; biliary tract cancer; diagnostic accuracy

Online: 25 August 2024 (06:40:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1530.v1

Efficacy, Safety and Persistence on Therapy after Non-medical Switching from Originator Adalimumab in IBD-Real Life Experience from Two Tertiary Centres

Popescu Remus, Teodora Spataru, Monica State, Mihai Radu Pahomeanu, Bogdan Mateescu, Lucian Negreanu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: inflammatory bowel diseases; adalimumab; biosimilar; switch; non-medical

Online: 22 August 2024 (05:52:25 CEST)

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Introduction After the first use of infliximab in Crohn’s disease in 1995, the wide scale introduction of anti-tumour necrosis factor alfa (anti-TNF alfa) medications revolutionized the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD’s). During the last two decades an increased number of molecules with multiple mechanisms of action were approved for the treatment of IBD with substantial increase of the costs of related to therapy. The increasing costs and access to therapy became a concern of payers and regulators but also for healthcare professionals. Biosimilars are biologic medical products that are highly structurally identical to their reference products and without any clinically meaningful differences in immunogenicity, safety or effectiveness. The introduction of biosimilars was seen as a way to provide a lower-cost alternative to the originator anti-TNF molecules and hence to increase treatment access and availability for patients. Material and methods This an observational, prospective study conducted in two IBD centers in Bucharest. The study included 53 patients, 27 male(M) and 26 female(F), diagnosed with UC or BC according to standard clinical,endoscopic, radiological, histological criteria that were non medically switched to a biosimilar. All patients completed at least the induction treatment with the originator adalimumab and they were clinically stable. After switch they received one of the market available biosimilars of Adalimumab(Hukyndra, Imraldi or Hyrimoz). For each patient, the following data were collected: age, sex, BC or UC diagnosis, previous and current therapy, clinical evolution, endoscopic scores as well as several biological markers. Aim The primary objective was the maintenance of clinical remission at twelve months after switching the original Adalimumab treatment to the biosimilar Adalimumab. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the presence of adverse effects and the treatment persistence at one year. Results In our population, there were 42 patients with Crohn's disease and 11 with ulcerative colitis who switched from the originator adalimumab to a biosimilar Adalimumab. The average age was 44,07 years old for patients with BC and 51,72 years old for patients with UC. No significant differences were found in terms of CF and CRP levels at 6 and 12 months after changing the originator biologic treatment to a biosimilar. Only one patient required changing the biological treatment, following the clinical and biological loss of response. The main adverse effect reported by patients was pain at the injection site. Of the 53 patients, only 2 patients reported pain at the injection site, but this was considered not significant because the patients had a BMI below 20 and they also reported the same symptom when administering the originator. One patient reported experiencing abdominal pain and rectal bleeding immediately after switch, but no recurrence was observed clinically and endoscopically. Conclusion: This observational study is the first carried out in Romania that shows that the after the non-medical switch, biosimilars of Adalimumab were as efficient as the originator Adalimumab in the clinical practice of patients with IBD. These results support that conclusion that the large-scale use of biosimilars does not significantly affect the effectiveness of the therapy and the safety of the patient.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1526.v1

Clinical Significance of Para-Aortic Node Metastasis for Prognosis in Patients with Pancreaticobiliary Duct Carcinoma Who Underwent Radical Surgical Resections

Atsushi Nanashima, Junichi Arai, Masahide Hiyoshi, Naoya Imamura, Takeomi Hamada, Yuki Tsuchimochi, Takashi Wada, Ikko Shimizu, Takahiro Ochiai, Hiroshi Kawakami, Yuichiro Sato

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: biliary duct carcinoma; pancreatic carcinoma; para-aortic lymph node; intraoperative diagnosis; postoperative prognosis

Online: 21 August 2024 (08:44:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1488.v1

Long-Term Durability of Infliximab Maintenance Therapy Incorporating Plant-Based Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Mitsuro Chiba, Tsuyotoshi Tsuji, Kunio Nakane, Satoko Tsuda, Hisanori Matsuzawa, Kae Sugawara, Yuki Izumiya, Kazuya Kimura, Masafumi Komatsu, Haruhiko Tozawa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; infliximab; durability; diet; plant-based diet; maintenance therapy; environmental factor; diet; lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet

Online: 21 August 2024 (08:09:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1030.v1

Impact of Treatment with Direct Antivirals on Coagulation Parameters in Patients with HCV-related Liver Cirrhosis and Sustained Virological Response

Laura Huiban, Carol Stanciu, Cristina Maria Muzica, Irina Girleanu, Raluca Ioana Avram, Ioana Roxana Damian, Robert Nastasa, Ermina Stratina, Sebastian Zenovia, Horia Minea, Remus Stafie, Adrian Rotaru, Ana-Maria Singeap, Stefan Chiriac, Ioana Miruna Balmus, Anca Trifan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: coagulation parameters; procoagulant factors; anticoagulant factors; chronic hepatitis C infection; direct-acting antivirals therapy; sustained virological response; liver cirrhosis

Online: 15 August 2024 (02:46:36 CEST)

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Background and Aims: Sustained virologic response (SVR) lead to the decrease of portal hypertension, the regression of fibrosis, the improvement of the hepatic synthesis of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors. We aimed to assess the influence of SVR on coagulation parameters in HCV cirrhotic patients treated with DAAs. Methods: We performed a prospective study in the Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Iasi, Romania, between January 2022 and February 2024. We included patients diagnosed with compensated and decompensated HCV-related liver cirrhosis, treated with direct antivirals (PrOD ± RBV or SOF/LED ± RBV) for 12/24 weeks. Blood samples for biochemical, immunological and coagulation tests were collected at baseline, EOT and SVR12/24. Results: We analyzed a group of 52 patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis, predominantly female (68.0%), the degree of severity of cirrhosis placed the patients mainly in Child-Pugh classes B (40%) and C (36%). All patients achieved SVR. The MELD score decrease at EOT (13.48 ± 4.273; p =0.001), and SVR (9.88 ± 2.774; p = 0.000), compared to baseline (14.92 ± 4.707). Fibroscan values decreased at SVR (17.596 ± 3.7276; p = 0.000) compared to baseline (26.068 ± 7.0954). For all common coagulation parameters (platelets, INR, PT, fibrinogen, aPTT) there was a trend towards improvement during treatment, changes that were statistically significant for the majority of patients. Factor II low at baseline (75.40 ± 7.506), increases at EOT (87.40 ± 9.587), and later at SVR (99.12 ± 11.695; p = 0.000). FVIII values increased at baseline (175.52 ± 16.414) decrease at EOT (151.48 ± 13.703) and SVR (143.40 ± 13.937). FvW values decreased during treatment (146.84 ± 9.428 – baseline, 141.32 ± 9.690; p =0.000 – EOT, 126.68 ± 17.960 – SVR). In regards to the anticoagulant factors (PC, PS, ATIII), a significant improvement was brought on by SVR. Advanced stages of liver disease showed the most diminished FII activity, while at baseline and in Child-Pugh C patients we recorded the highest values of FVIII and FvW. Conclusions: Our study proved that the “reset” of the coagulopathy might be due to the improving of the liver function due to viral eradication secondary to AAD therapy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0936.v1

Bacterial Infections Features in Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: Review of a 2016–2021 Cohort

Cesar Jimenez, Aina Martí-Carretero, Ares Villagrasa, Anna Aguilar, Maria Perez, Meritxell Ventura, Victor Vargas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: bacterial infections; alcoholic hepatitis; alcohol-associated hepatitis; risk factors; acute-on-chronic liver failure; corticosteroids

Online: 13 August 2024 (14:33:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0662.v1

New Insights into Chronic Pancreatitis Treatment: Potential Mechanisms and Applications of Probiotics and Prebiotics

Yingyu Pan, Jianing Li, Zhengyang Fan, Yonghao Chen, Xiaoxuan Huang, Dong Wu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: chronic pancreatitis; probiotics; prebiotics; gut microbiota

Online: 12 August 2024 (03:05:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0591.v1

Sarcopenia and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Narrative Review

Ludovico Abenavoli, Michael Statsenko, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Domenico Morano, Roman Myazin, Dmitriy Emelyanov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: sarcopenia; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; diagnostic; treatment

Online: 8 August 2024 (17:12:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0544.v1

Common Mistakes in Managing Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Javier P Gisbert, María Chaparro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Crohn’s disease; ulcerative colitis; inflammatory bowel disease; mistake; error

Online: 8 August 2024 (12:25:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0481.v1

Challenges of Treating a Helicobacter pylori Infections following the COVID-19 Pandemic in Croatia: A Review

Ivana Jukic, Jonatan Vukovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: H. pylori; COVID-19; antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial stewardship; antibiotic consumation; eradication therapy

Online: 7 August 2024 (07:02:52 CEST)

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Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a prevalent bacterial pathogen implicated in various gastroduodenal diseases, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced antibiotic prescription practices, potentially exacerbating antibiotic resistance in H. pylori. Objective: This study aims to investigate antibiotic prescription during COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia and its possible impact on H. pylori antibiotic resistance, with a focus on Croatia. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies from March 2020 to June 2024. The search strategy included terms related to COVID-19, antibiotic prescription, and Croatia. Studies were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria, focusing on observational research addressing antibiotic use during the pandemic. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic leads to significant fluctuations in community antibiotic consumption within the European Union/European Economic Area. In Croatia, antibiotic use in 2022 surpassed 2019 levels, driven by increased consumption of macrolides and other antibiotics. This surge, influenced by early pandemic treatment claims and penicillin shortages, contributed to rising antibiotic resistance in H. pylori. Resistance rates to clarithromycin and levofloxacin were notably high, driven by mutations in the 23S rRNA, gyrA, and gyrB genes. Discussion: The increased antibiotic use during the COVID-19 pandemic has highly likely complicated H. pylori eradication efforts, highlighting the necessity of judicious antibiotic use and robust antimicrobial stewardship. The pandemic underscored the need for new therapeutic strategies, optimized eradication regimens, and advanced diagnostic methods to manage bacterial infections effectively. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted antibiotic use and resistance patterns, posing new challenges for H. pylori eradication. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach, including the development of new drugs and advanced diagnostics, coupled with sustained efforts in antimicrobial stewardship to combat emerging resistance threats.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0145.v1

The Effect of CKD-495, Eupacidin, and Their Marker Com-pounds on Altered Permeability in the Postoperative Ileus Animal Model

Min-Jae Kim, Zahid Hussain, Young Ju Lee, Hyojin Park

Subject: Gastroenterology And Hepatology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: ileus; postoperative complications; permeability; natural products

Online: 3 August 2024 (16:08:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2568.v1

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer

Jacopo Fanizza, Sarah Bencardino, Mariangela Allocca, Federica Furfaro, Alessandra Zilli, Tommaso Lorenzo Parigi, Gionata Fiorino, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Silvio Danese, Ferdinando D’Amico

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn’ s disease; ulcerative colitis; colorectal cancer; surveillance

Online: 31 July 2024 (12:01:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2470.v1

Protein Biomarkers of Gastric Preneoplasia and Cancer Lesions in Blood: A Comprehensive Review

Thomas Bazin, Karine Nozeret, Catherine Julie, Dominique Lamarque, Eliette Touati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: liquid biopsy; proteins; plasma/serum; atrophic gastritis; intestinal metaplasia; dysplasia; early gastric cancer; diagnosis; prevention

Online: 30 July 2024 (17:00:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2415.v1

Liver Cirrhosis: The Immunocompromised State

Elda Victoria Rodríguez-Negrete, Karina Sánchez-Reyes, Carlos Fernando Fajardo-Felix, José Antonio Morales-González, Karla Erika Pérez-Reséndiz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: liver cirrhosis; cirrhosis associated immune dysfunction; systemic inflammation; bacterial translocation

Online: 30 July 2024 (07:34:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2272.v1

Evaluation of a Ten Immunodot Antigens Test in Autoimmune Hepatitis and Primary Biliary Cholangitis, Lessons Learned for a Tertiary Care Academic Hospital

Giulia Zorzi, Perrin Ngougni Pokem, Geraldine Dahlqvist, Bénédicte Délire, Nicolas Lanthier, Peter Starkel, Yves Horsmans, Cedric Aupaix, Samia Jnaoui, Damien Gruson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: immunodot; antigens; autoantibodies; autoimmune hepatitis; primary biliary cholangitis; diagnostics

Online: 29 July 2024 (08:34:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2257.v1

Combining Immunotherapy with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma-The Rationale and Review of Literature

Ahmed Elhariri, Mazen Elsheikh, Ahmed Elsabagh, Islam Badr, Mohamad Ali Ibrahim, Megha Bhongade, Sali Albarouki, Manal Hassan, Prasun K Jalal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; combination therapy; multidisciplinary therapy; outcomes; prognosis

Online: 29 July 2024 (07:54:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2059.v1

Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Improves Impaired Colonic Motility in Mice of Ulcerative Colitis through Connexin 43

Wei Yang, Rui Liu, Feng Xu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: GDNF; ulcerative colitis; colonic motility; Cx43

Online: 25 July 2024 (13:32:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1960.v1

Endoscopic Ultrasound and Intraductal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Biliary Tract Diseases

Akiya Nakahata, Yasunobu Yamashita, Masayuki Kitano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: biliary tract diseases; endoscopic ultrasound; intraductal ultrasound; EUS-guided biliary drainage

Online: 24 July 2024 (17:44:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1916.v1

Retrospective Longitudinal Observational Study on The Long-Term Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors on The Development of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Japanese Patients

Hisayuki Katsuyama, Seiichi Horinaka, Mariko Hakoshima, Hiroki Adachi, Hidekatsu Yanai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: cardiovascular disease; hepatic fibrosis; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; serum lipids

Online: 24 July 2024 (08:27:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0989.v1

Association of Polyamine and Other Dietary Component Intake and Feces Content of N-acetyl Putrescine, and Cadaverine with Patients’ Colorectal Lesions.

Eva Barreiro-Alonso, Paula Castro-Estrada, Manuel Sanchez, Pablo Peña-Iglesias, Lorena Suarez, Begoña Cantabrana

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: colorectal cancer; colorectal lesions; polyamine dietary intake; feces N-acetyl putrescine; feces cadaverine

Online: 12 July 2024 (00:34:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0745.v1

Hepatic Steatosis is Generated by the Gut Microbiota-Mitochondria Axis via 2-oleolyl Glycerol and Reverted by Functional Foods

Mónica Sánchez-Tapia, Sandra Tobón-Cornejo, Lilia G Noriega, Natalia Vázquez, Diana Coutiño-Hernández, Omar Granados-Portillo, Berenice M Román-Calleja, Astrid Ruiz-Margáin, Ricardo U Macías-Rodríguez, Armando R. Tovar, Nimbe Torres

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: hepatic steatosis; functional foods; gut microbiota; 2-Oleoyl glycerol; mithochondria function; ROS

Online: 10 July 2024 (04:52:30 CEST)

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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a serious health problem, and recent evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays a key role in its development. It is known that 2-oleoyl glycerol (2-OG) produced by the gut microbiota is associated with hepatic fibrosis, but it is not known whether this metabolite is involved in the development of hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate how a high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) increases 2-OG production through gut microbiota dysbiosis and to identify whether this metabolite modifies hepatic lipogenesis and mitochondrial activity for the development of hepatic steatosis as well as whether a combination of functional foods can reverse this process. Wistar rats were fed HFS diet for 7 mo. At the end of the study, body composition, biochemical parameters, gut microbiota, protein abundance of lipogenic and antioxidant enzymes, measurement of liver 2-OG, and mitochondrial function were assessed in rats and we studied the effect of HFS with functional foods. In humans with MASLD, we analyzed gut microbiota and serum 2-OG. Consumption of HFS diet in Wistar rats caused oxidative stress, hepatic steatosis and gut microbiota dysbiosis, decreasing α-diversity and increased Blautia producta abundance, which increased 2-OG. This metabolite increased de novo lipogenesis through ChREBP and SREBP-1. 2-OG significantly increased mitochondrial dysfunction. Addition of functional foods to the diet modified the gut microbiota, reducing B. producta and 2-OG levels, leading to a decrease in body weight gain, body fat mass, serum glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, fatty liver formation, and increased mitochondrial function. In order to use 2-OG as biomarker, this metabolite was measured in healthy subjects or with MASLD and it was observed that subjects with hepatic steatosis II and III had significantly higher 2-OG than healthy subjects, suggesting that the abundance of this circulating metabolite could be a predictor marker of hepatic steatosis.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0605.v1

Mature MUC5AC Expression in Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Predicts the Treatment Response And Outcomes

Ashish Manne, Ashwini Kumar Esnakula, Ankur Sheel, Amir Sara, Upender Manne, Ravi Kumar Paluri, Kai He, Wancai Yang, Devendra P Sohal, Anup Kasi, Anne M Noonan, Arjun Mittra, John Hays, Sameek Roychowdhury, Pannaga Malalur, Shafia Rahman, Ning Jin, Jordan M Cloyd, Susan Tsai, Ejaz Aslam, Kenneth Pitter, Eric Miller, Kannan Thanikachalam, Mary Dillhoff, LIanbo Yu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: pancreatic adenocarcinoma; MUC5AC; neoadjuvant therapy; prognosis; recurrence; resectable pancreatic cancer; predictive biomarker

Online: 8 July 2024 (16:12:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0424.v1

Endoscopic Management of Strictures in Crohn’s Disease: An Unsolved Case

Gaetano Coppola, Chiara Principessa, Federica Di Vincenzo, Pierluigi Puca, Angelo Del Gaudio, Ivan Capobianco, Bianca Bartocci, Alfredo Papa, Giovanni Cammarota, Loris Riccardo Lopetuso, Franco Scaldaferri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Crohn’ s Disease; Crohn; stricture; balloon dilation; EBD; stricturotomy; intestinal stent; fibrosis; nanoparticles

Online: 4 July 2024 (11:01:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0230.v1

Definition of a Multi-omics Signature for Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Prognosis Prediction

Luca Lambroia, Carola Conca Dioguardi, Simone Puccio, Andrea Pansa, Giorgia Alvisi, Gianluca Basso, Javier Cibella, Federico S. Colombo, Salvatore Marano, Silvia Basato, Rita Alfieri, Simone Giudici, Carlo Castoro, Clelia Peano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Esophageal-Adenocarcinoma; Cancer; immunotherapy; treatment; single-cell RNA; single-cell sequencing; RNA sequencing; transcriptional signature; response to therapy; immune infiltrate.

Online: 3 July 2024 (00:25:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0129.v1

Aripiprazole, but Not Olanzapine, Alters the Response to Oxida-Tive Stress, Reducing the Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) and Promoting Cell Survival in FAO Cells

Barbara Kramar, Tinkara Pirc Marolt, Ayse Mine Yilmaz Goler, Dušan Šuput, Irina Milisav, Maria Monsalve

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Atypical antipsychotics (AAPs), secondary drug effects, schizophrenia, liver, mitochondria, oxidative stress (OS), MAPK.

Online: 2 July 2024 (13:23:11 CEST)

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Chronic administration of atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) is commonly associated with in-creased cardiovascular disease load. Although the increase in weight gain and related dis-ease risk is generally considered the main contributing factor, direct interference with mi-tochondrial bioenergetics, particularly in the liver, where these drugs are catabolized, is emerging as an additional relevant contributor to metabolic disease risk that needs to be considered. In this study, we compared the effects of two AAPs with disparate metabolic profiles, olanzapine (OLA), which is obesogenic, and aripiprazole (ARI), which is not, on the response of Fao cells to oxidative stress. We found that Fao cells treated with ARI sur-vive better a challenge with H2O2 while OLA treatment has the opposite effect. This en-hanced survival is not related to a reduction in the apoptosis rate. In fact, ARI treated cells display higher apoptotic rates than control cells exposed to H2O2. Gene expression analysis of pro and anti-apoptotic factors revealed that the changes induced by H2O2 were generally dampened in ARI treated cells, but not in OLA treated cells, suggesting a reduced respon-siveness to stimuli, a notion that was consistent with a reduced activation of MAPK and STAT3 phosphorylation in response to H2O2, while OLA enhanced their activation in re-sponse to H2O2. Loss of stress response in ARI treated cells is consistent with the elevation of mitochondrial production of O2•-, a known desensitizing factor. The physiological rele-vance of the increased production of O2•- in ARI treated cells is further supported by the observed elevation of the mitophagy flux in ARI treated cells, likely related to mitochon-drial damage. An additional relevant finding was that OLA treatment protected the pro-teasome activity in Fao cells exposed to H2O2, an effect possibly related to the better preservation of stress signaling and mitochondrial function in OLA treated cells. In sum, this study highlights the underlying alterations in cell physiology derived from the inter-ference of ARI with mitochondrial function, that de-sensitize cells to stress signaling, while OLA has the opposite effect.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0186.v1

Real-World Outcomes of Atezolizumab With Bevacizumab Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: Effectiveness, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Utilization and Bleeding Complications

Cha Len Lee, Mark Freeman, Kelly W. Burak, Gordon T. Moffat, Conor O'Donnell, Philip Q. Ding, Hanna Lyubetska, Brandon M. Meyers, Vallerie Gordon, Ekaterina Kosyachkova, Roxana Bucur, Winson Y. Cheung, Jennifer J. Knox, Vincent C Tam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: atezolizumab; bevacizumab; hepatocellular carcinoma; EGD; varices; GI bleeding

Online: 2 July 2024 (06:01:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0136.v1

Favorable Long-Term Outcomes of Early Esophageal Squamous Neoplasia with Muscularis Mucosa Involvement after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

Chen-Huan Yu, Yueh-Hung Chou, Tze-Yu Shieh, Chao-Yu Liu, Jiann-Ming Wu, Chen-Hsi Hsieh, Tzong-Hsi Lee, Chen-Shuan Chung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; Second primary tumor; Head and neck cancer; Expanded indication

Online: 1 July 2024 (15:39:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1981.v1

Early Changes in Alpha-Fetoprotein and Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin Are Useful Predictors of Antitumor Response to Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Teiji Kuzuya, Naoto Kawabe, Hisanori Muto, Yuryo Wada, Gakushi Komura, Takuji Nakano, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Kazunori Nakaoka, Eizaburo Ohno, Kohei Funasaka, Mitsuo Nagasaka, Ryoji Miyahara, Yoshiki Hirooka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma; durvalumab; tremelimumab; antitumor response; alpha-fetoprotein; des-γ -carboxy prothrombin

Online: 1 July 2024 (08:37:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.2005.v1

Analytical Validation of a DNA Methylation Biomarker Test for Diagnosis of BE and EAC from Samples Collected Using EsoCheck®, a Non-endoscopic Esophageal Cell Collection Device

Abhisek Ghosal, Suman Verma, Ivy T. Le, Victoria T. Lee, Brian J. DeGuzman, Lishan Aklog

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Analytical Validation; Barrett’s Esophagus (BE); College of American Pathologists (CAP); Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA); Cyclin A1 (CCNA1); Vimentin (VIM); DNA Methylation Biomarker

Online: 28 June 2024 (06:01:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1907.v1

Interplay between Bile Acids and Intestinal Microbiota: Regulatory Mechanisms and Strategic Interventions for Infections

Wenweiran Li, Hui Chen, Jianguo Tang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: bile acid; infection; microbiota

Online: 27 June 2024 (11:18:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1876.v1

VacStent as an Innovative Approach in the Treatment of Anastomotic Insufficiencies and Leakages in the Gastrointestinal Tract – Review and Outlook

Alexander Yohannes, Judith Knievel, Jonas Lange, Arno J. Dormann, Ulrich Hügle, Claus F. Eisenberger, Markus M. Heiss

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: VacStent; anastomotic insufficiency; endoscopic vacuum therapy; gastrointestinal leakage; covered stent; Esosponge

Online: 26 June 2024 (13:31:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1598.v1

Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Alterations and Circulating Myokines in MASLD Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study

Yolanda Real Martínez, Carlos Ernesto Fernandez-Garcia, Agueda González-Rodríguez, Esther Fuertes-Yebra, Mario Calvo Soto, Angela Berlana, Vicente Barrios, Maria Caldas, Leticia González Moreno, Luisa Consuelo García-Buey, Begoña Molina Baena, Miguel Sampedro Nuñez, Maria Jose Beceiro, Carmelo García-Monzón

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: skeletal muscle; myokines; MASLD; liver fibrosis; hepatosteatosis.

Online: 24 June 2024 (12:00:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1410.v1

Study Protocol for a Prospective Self-Controlled Trial on Success in Meeting Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Analysis Criteria for Specimens Obtained by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Tissue Acquisition Using a 19G Needle from Primary and Metastatic Lesions

Kotaro Takeshita, Susumu Hijioka, Yoshikuni Nagashio, Hidenobu Hara, Daiki Agarie, Yuki Kawasaki, Tetsuro Takasaki, Shin Yagi, Yuya Hagiwara, Kohei Okamoto, Daiki Yamashige, Soma Fukuda, Masaru Kuwada, Yasuhiro Komori, Mao Okada, Yuta Maruki, Chigusa Morizane, Hideki Ueno, Yasushi Yatabe, Takuji Okusaka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition; comprehensive genomic profiling; pancreatic cancer; metastatic lesion; fine-needle biopsy

Online: 20 June 2024 (13:14:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1266.v1

The Application of Multimodal Ultrasound Technology in Improving the Success Rate of Liver Tumor Puncture under Poor Visibility on Conventional Ultrasound Imaging

XingYun Long, Yuhong He, Shengying Tang, Wentao Kong, Keke Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Liver tumor; Ultrasound; Fusion imaging; Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; High-frequency ultrasound; Biopsy

Online: 18 June 2024 (17:02:06 CEST)

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Abstract Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the potential of multimodal ultrasound techniques in improving the visibility of liver lesions that are indistinct under conventional ultrasound. Specifically, we will explore the application of fusion imaging, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and high-frequency ultrasound in enhancing the visibility of liver masses. These techniques will be utilized to assist in visualizing liver lesions and to accurately localize them for the purpose of performing percutaneous tissue biopsy. Lastly, we will compare the biopsy results with the final diagnosis to assess whether multimodal techniques can enhance the success rate of percutaneous biopsy for liver masses that are not clearly visible under conventional ultrasound. Furthermore, the potential impact of these techniques on the development of personalized treatment strategies for patients was also discussed. Materials and Results: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 144 patients with liver masses who underwent conventional ultrasound examinations at our hospital from October 2018 to January 2024. These patients had poor visibility on conventional ultrasound, but the tumor location was visible on abdominal computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. We excluded 71 patients who did not undergo percutaneous liver tumor biopsy and 8 patients who remained non-visualized under multimodal ultrasound. Finally, 95 patients met the inclusion criteria and their clinical and radiological data were selected for analysis. Computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound (CT/MR-US) fusion imaging was performed in 55 patients, CEUS was conducted in 95 patients, and high-frequency ultrasound examination was performed in 21 patients. The visibility of the lesions using these three techniques was evaluated, and the consistency between the biopsy pathology and the final diagnosis was analyzed. Results: In the study, a total of 39 cases were identified as solitary liver lesions, 34 cases as multiple lesions, and an additional 23 cases as diffuse hepatocellular carcinoma. Among them, there were 13 cases (13.7%) of lesions located in the left lobe, 73 cases (76.8%) in the right lobe, and 9 cases (9.4%) at the junction of the left and right lobes. The average maximum diameter of the lesions was 2.7 cm (ranging from 0.7 cm to 10.0 cm). The detection rates of lesions using CT/MR-US fusion imaging, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and high-frequency ultrasound examination were 49.1%, 96.8%, and 76.2%, respectively. All patients in the entire cohort underwent percutaneous ultrasound-guided biopsy after confirming the target location of the lesions, including 9 patients underwent percutaneous microwave ablation. No severe complications were observed. The accuracy rate of the biopsies was 91.6%, and the positive concordance rate was 91.1%. The biopsy pathology included 39 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 16 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), 22 cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma, 3 cases of hepatic adenoma (HA), 1 case of vascular sarcoma, and 1 case of mixed HCC-ICC. Among the 13 patients with negative pathology findings after biopsy, 8 cases were considered false negatives (based on follow-up laboratory tests and imaging results consistent with malignant tumor characteristics), resulting in a false negative rate of 8.9%. Conclusions: The application of multimodal ultrasound technology can significantly improve the success rate of liver lesion biopsies that are difficult to visualize using conventional ultrasound. Furthermore, it will facilitate the guidance of microwave ablation therapy for lesions using multimodal ultrasound imaging, enabling collaborative precision treatment planning for patients with clinical physicians.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1206.v1

Practice Recommendations for the Management of MASLD in Primary care: Consensus Results

Christos Lionis, Sophia Papadakis, Marilena Anastasaki, Eftichios Aligizakis, Fotini Anastasiou, Sven Francque, Irini Gergianaki, Juan Manuel Mendive, Maria Marketou, Jean Muris, Spilios Manolakopoulos, Georgios Papatheodoridis, Dimitrios Samonakis, Emmanouil Symvoulakis, Ioanna Tsiligianni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver; metabolic dysfunction steatotic liver disease; primary care; consensus; recommendations; Europe

Online: 18 June 2024 (11:11:02 CEST)

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Introduction: Despite its high prevalence and impact on health, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is inadequately addressed in European primary care (PC), with a large proportion of cases going undiagnosed or diagnosed too late. A multi-country European re-search consortium led a project to design and evaluate a patient-centered, integrated model for MASLD screening, diagnosis and linkage to specialty care for European PC settings. Aim: Based on the lessons from this project, the latest research evidence and existing guidelines for the management of MASLD, we sought to develop a set of practice recommendations for screening, referral and management of MASLD in PC. Methods: The Rand/UCLA modified Delphi panel method, with two rounds, was used to reach consensus on practice recommendations. The international panel consisted of experts from six countries, representing family medicine, gastroenterology, hepatology, cardiology and public health. Initially, fifteen statements were drafted based on a synthesis of evidence from the literature and earlier findings from our consortium. Prior to the consensus meeting, the statements were rated by the experts in a first round. Then, in a hybrid meeting, the experts discussed findings of round one, adjusted the statements and reassessed the updated recommendations in a second round. Results: In round one, there was already a high level of consensus on 10 out of 15 statements. After round 2, there were fourteen statements with a high agreement (>90%). One statement was not endorsed. The approved recommendations addressed the following practice areas: risk screening and diagnosis, management of MASLD – Lifestyle interventions, pharmacological treatment of MASLD/MASH, pharmacological treatment for co-morbidity, integrated care, surgical management and other referrals to specialists. Conclusion: The final set of 14 recommendations focuses on increasing comprehensive care for MASLD in PC. The recommendations provide practical evidence-based guidance tailored to PC practitioners. We expect that these recommendations will contribute to the ongoing discussion on systematic approaches to tackle MASLD and support European PC providers by integrating the latest evidence into practice.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1104.v1

MR protocol optimization for Hepatobiliary Phase Imaging with Gadoxetic Acid for 1.5T: Comparison Between Breath-Hold T1-weighted and High Resolution Navigated 3D T1-weighted sequences

Eliseo Picchi, Valentina Ferrazzoli, Valeria Liberto, Luca Toti, Raffaella Giocondo, Valerio Da Ros, Noemi Pucci, Silvia Minosse, Francesco Garaci, Francesca Di Giuliano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Magnetic Resonance; Gadoxetic Acid; High Resolution Navigated 3D; Hepatocarcinoma

Online: 17 June 2024 (08:06:12 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0919.v1

Diagnosis of Wilkie’s Syndrome Associated with Nutcracker Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review

Ludovico Abenavoli, Felice Imoletti, Giuseppe Quero, Valentina Bottino, Viviana Facciolo, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Francesco Luzza, Domenico Laganà

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Diagnosis; Treatment; Imaging; Syndromes

Online: 13 June 2024 (12:12:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0851.v1

SerpinB3: A Multifaceted Player in Health and Disease – Review and Future Perspectives

Silvia Cagnin, Patrizia Pontisso, Andrea Martini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: SerpinB3; oncology; metabolism; fibrosis; biomarker; protection from oxidative stress

Online: 12 June 2024 (14:34:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0516.v1

The Challenge of a Recall Programme From a Community-Based Hepatitis C Screening Campaign: The Effectiveness in HCV Microelimination

Cheng-Hung Chien, Tien -Shin Chou, Li-Wei Chen, Chih-Lang Lin, Jia-Jang Chang, Ching-Jung Liu, Shuo-Wei Chen, Ching-Chih Hu, Rong-Nan Chien

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: hepatitis C virus; linkage to care; hepatitis C microelimination

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:36:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0517.v1

Phase I–IV Drug Trials on Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an Asian Population: A Systematic Review of Ten Years Studies

Alok Raghav, Goo Bo Jeong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Systematic; Asian Population; Treatment

Online: 10 June 2024 (06:46:32 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0356.v1

Are We Ready to Face Conversion to Liver Transplantation of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors?

Luca Marzi, Andrea Mega, Chiara Turri, Stefano Gitto, Federica Ferro, Gilbert Spizzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: ; liver transplantation; hepatocellular carcinoma; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; allograft rejection ;

Online: 6 June 2024 (07:45:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0243.v1

Useful Predictor for Exacerbation of Esophagogastric Varices after Hepatitis C Virus Eradication by Direct-Acting Antivirals

Yuko Nagaoki, Kenji Yamaoka, Yasutoshi Fujii, Shinsuke Uchikawa, Hatsue Fujino, Atsushi Ono, Eisuke Murakami, Tomokazu Kawaoka, Daiki Miki, Hiroshi Aikata, C. Nelson Hayes, Masataka Tsuge, Shiro Oka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Direct-acting antiviral; sustained virological response; esophagogastric varices; liver stiffness measurement; total bile acid; left gastric vein

Online: 5 June 2024 (10:53:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1998.v1

Characteristics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Sex in Mexico: A Multi-institutional Collaboration

Javier Melchor-Ruan, Luis Santiago Ruiz, Blanca Olivia Murillo-Ortiz, Samuel Rivera Rivera, Yelda A Leal Herrera, David Suarez Garcia, José María Remes-Troche, Peter Grube, Gustavo Martinez Mier, Erika Ruiz-García, Alan Ramos Mayo, Jose Antonio Ruiz Velarde Velasco, Ricardo Gamboa Gutierrez, Karla Gabriela Ordoñez Escalante, Laura Esthela Cisneros-Garza, Pilar Leal Leyte, Jesús Sepúlveda-Delgado, Maria Sarai Gonzalez Huezo, Ricardo Arvizu Castillo, Jorge Urias Rocha, Celia Beatriz Flores de la Torre, Leonardo Manuel Carrillo Mendoza, Juan Manuel Gamez del Castillo, Martín Lajous, Adriana Monge, Daniel Zamora-Valdés

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma; cancer epidemiology; sex differences; Mexico

Online: 30 May 2024 (08:14:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1972.v1

Enthesitis in IBD Patients

Ivna Akrapovic Olic, Jonatan Vukovic, Mislav Radic, Zeljko Sundov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn’s disease; ulcerative colitis; extraintestinal manifestations; enthesitis

Online: 29 May 2024 (12:12:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1666.v1

Liver Fibrosis: From Basic Science to Clinical Progress

Hikmet Akkız, Robert K. Gieseler, Ali Canbay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: hepatic stellate cells; myofibroblasts; macrophages; hepatocytes; liver sinusoidal endothelial cells; liver fibrosis; liver fibrosis resolution

Online: 27 May 2024 (06:48:40 CEST)

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The burden of chronic liver disease is globally increasing at an alarming rate. Chronic liver injury leads to liver inflammation and fibrosis (LF) as critical determinants of long-term outcomes such as cirrhosis, liver cancer and mortality. LF is a wound-healing process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins due to the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In the healthy liver, quiescent HSCs metabolize and store retinoids. Upon fibrogenic activation, quiescent HSCs transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts, lose their vitamin A, upregulate -smooth muscle actin, and produce pro-inflammatory soluble mediators, collagens, and inhibitors of ECM degradation. Activated HSCs are the main effector cells during hepatic fibrogenesis. In addition, the accumulation and activation of profibrogenic macrophages in response to hepatocyte death play a critical role in the initiation of HSC activation and survival. The main source of myofibroblasts is resident HSCs. Activated HSCs migrate to the site of active fibrogenesis to initiate the formation of a fibrous scar. Single-cell technologies revealed that quiescent HSCs are highly homogenous, while activated HSCs/myofibroblasts are much more heterogeneous. The complex process of inflammation results from the response of various hepatic cells to hepatocellular death and inflammatory signals related to intrahepatic injury pathways or extrahepatic mediators. Inflammatory processes modulate fibrogenesis by activating HSCs and, in turn, drive immune mechanisms via cytokines and chemokines. Increasing evidence also suggests that cellular stress responses contribute to fibrogenesis. Recent data demonstrated that LF can revert even at advanced stages of cirrhosis if the underlying cause is eliminated, which inhibits the inflammatory and profibrogenic cells. However, despite numerous clinical studies on plausible drug candidates, an approved antifibrotic therapy still remains elusive. This state-of-the-art review presents cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in hepatic fibrogenesis and its resolution, as well as comprehensively discusses the drivers linking liver injury to chronic liver inflammation and LF.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1632.v1

Comparative Performance of Stool Gluten Immunogenic Peptide Platforms for Monitoring Adherence to the Gluten-Free Diet

Juan Pablo Stefanolo, Roberto Puebla, Martin Talamo, Samantha Dodds, María de la Paz Temprano, María Eugenia Oregui, María Lujan Espinet, Edgardo Smecuol, Sonia Isabel Niveloni, Julio Cesar Bai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Celiac disease; follow-up; stool gluten immunogenic peptides; gluten exposure; gluten-free diet

Online: 24 May 2024 (13:53:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1448.v1

Intracavitary Applications for CEUS in PTCD

Evelina Georgieva Atanasova, Christo Pentchev Pentchev, Christian Pállson Nolsøe

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage; intracavitary; contrast enhanced ultrasound; biliary obstruction

Online: 22 May 2024 (12:50:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1422.v1

Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Our Experience with the Emerging Disease at a Single Center in North Israel

Jawad Hindy, Tova Rainis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: eosinophilic esophagitis; esophagus; proton pump inhibitors

Online: 22 May 2024 (07:54:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1278.v1

Carmen Yagüe-Caballero, Diego Casas-Deza, Silvia Espina-Cadena, Andrea Pascual-Oliver, José M Arbones-Mainar, Vanesa Bernal–Monterde

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: NAFLD; NASH; cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; surveillance; prevention

Online: 20 May 2024 (13:07:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1171.v1

Exploring the Role of Thy-1 and Its Soluble Form regarding Fibrosis Severity in Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease

Mirjam Kolev, Anja Saalbach, Rahel Bütikofer, Florian Kollert, Matteo Montani, Nasser Semmo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: liver fibrosis; primary biliary cholangitis; metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease; Thy-1; soluble Thy-1

Online: 17 May 2024 (11:03:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1031.v1

Direct Single Operator Cholangioscopy and Intraductal Ultrasonography in Patients with Indeterminate Biliary Strictures: A Single Center Experience

Marco Sacco, Marcantonio Gesualdo, Maria Teresa Staiano, Eleonora Dall'Amico, Stefania Caronna, Simone Dibitetto, Chiara Canalis, Alessandro Caneglias, Federica Mediati, Rosa Claudia Stasio, Silvia Gaia, Giorgio Maria Saracco, Mauro Bruno, Claudio Giovanni De Angelis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: cholangioscopy; indeterminate biliary stricture; ERCP; IDUS; biliary stenosis; cholangiocarcinoma

Online: 16 May 2024 (04:32:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0573.v1

Comparing High-Dose PPI Intravenous Infusion and Oral Acid Pump Inhibitors After Endoscopic Therapy for Bleeding Peptic Ulcers

Chuhan Miao, Mengliang Dai, Jianxun He, Zhiyun Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs); Vonoprazan (VPZ); Intravenous infusion; Oral therapy; Bleeding peptic ulcers; Endoscopic therapy

Online: 9 May 2024 (09:15:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0500.v1

Gilbert’s Syndrome: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly

Arjuna P De Silva, Nilushi Nuwanshika, Madunil A Niriella, Janaka H De Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Gilbert’ s syndrome (GS), Genetic variations, Protective effects of Gilbert’ s syndrome, Cancer risk, Drug interactions, Pharmacokinetic abnormalities, Clinical implications of Gilbert’ s Syndrome, Effect on NASH, Liver transplantation, Psychology and GS ;

Online: 9 May 2024 (02:57:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0466.v1

GERD after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis

Matas Pažusis, Gabrielė Gerasimovič, Rūta Petereit, Rita Gudaitytė, Almantas Maleckas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: bariatric surgery; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; GERD; prevalence; risk factors

Online: 8 May 2024 (11:20:24 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0403.v1

Simultaneous Laparoscopic Surgery for Esophageal Achalasia Combined with Epiphrenic Diverticulum: A Case Report

Koichi Okamoto, Jun Kinoshita, Hiroto Saito, Itasu Ninomiya, Noriyuki Inaki, Hiroyuki Takamura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: achalasia; epiphrenic diverticulum; laparoscopic surgery

Online: 7 May 2024 (23:44:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0011.v1

Effect of Curcumin plus Piperine on Redox Imbalance and Inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Amylly Sanuelly da Paz Martins, Orlando Roberto Pimentel de Araújo, Amanda da Silva Gomes, Fernanda Lívia Cavalcante Araujo, José Oliveira Junior, Joice Kelly Gomes de Vasconcelos, José Israel Rodrigues Junior, Islany Thaissa Cerqueira, Manoel Alvaro Lins Neto, Nassib Bezerra Bueno, Marília Oliveira Fonseca Goulart, Fabiana Andréa Moura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Crohn's disease; Ulcerative colitis; Curcumin; Black pepper; Antioxidants

Online: 1 May 2024 (04:27:02 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1562.v1

Clip Closure and PuraStat for Prevention of Clinically Significant Delayed Bleeding after Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Prospective, Observational Study

Mihai Ciocirlan, Dana Bilous, Andrei Gila, Daniel Corneliu Leucuta, Daniela Elena Mihaila, Adrian Tulin, Anca Gheorghiu, Elena Tianu, Catalina Vladut

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: endoscopic submucosal dissection; clip closure; PuraStat; muscle retracting sign; colorectal mixed neuroendocrine carcinoma

Online: 24 April 2024 (09:58:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1317.v1

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapies and Acute Liver Injury

Roberto Catanzaro, Francesco Marotta, Azam Yazdani, Morena Sciuto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Drug-induced liver injury; cholestasis; hepatotoxicity; liver failure.

Online: 19 April 2024 (08:05:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0892.v1

Predictive Score for Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia Based on Cardiovascular and Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors

Lara M. Ruiz Belmonte, Patricia Carrera-Lasfuentes, Alberto Cebollada-Solanas, Carmelo Scarpignato, Angel Lanas, Carla J. Gargallo-Puyuelo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: colorectal neoplasia; cardiovascular risk; risk factors; predictive score

Online: 15 April 2024 (08:56:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0819.v1

Understanding Macrophage Complexity in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Transitioning from the M1/M2 Paradigm to Spatial Dynamics

Forkan Ahamed, Natalie Eppler, Elizabeth Jones, Yuxia Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: macrophages; diversity; Kupffer cell; monocyte-derived macrophage; spatial dynamics; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)

Online: 12 April 2024 (04:44:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0812.v1

Genetic Markers of Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Resistance in Moscow

Natalia Bodunova, Larisa Tsapkova, Vera Polyakova, Irina Baratova, Konstantin Rumyantsev, Natalia Dekhnich, Karina Nikolskaya, Margarita Chebotareva, Irina Voynovan, Elena Parfenchikova, Galina Pronina, Ekaterina Chernikova, Dmitry Bordin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; antibiotic resistance; methods for determining H. pylori resistance; molecular genetic diagnostics; phenotypic methods for determining antibiotic resistance; geographical distribution of H. ; pylori antibiotic resistance

Online: 12 April 2024 (03:53:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0776.v1

Prior Appendicectomy and Gut Microbiota Reestablishment in Adults After Bowel Preparation and Colonoscopy

Amelia J McGuinness, Martin O'Hely, Douglas Stupart, David Watters, Samantha L Dawson, Christopher Hair, Michael Berk, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Amy Loughman, Glenn Guest, Felice N Jacka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Bowel preparation; gut microbiota; colonoscopy; appendix; appendicectomy; appendectomy.

Online: 11 April 2024 (10:10:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1832.v1

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting Endoscopic Intervention in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Omran A. Abu-Dhaim, Abdel-Latif Mughrabi Sabbagh, Yaman B. Ahmed, Daoud O. Al Aruri, Owais Ghammaz, Yaser M. Rayyan, Omar Alqudah, Mu'taz M Massad, Karam I. Khraim, Mustafa Q. Khasawneh, Laith F. Alquran, Batool N. AlQadri, Qasim N. Mhaidat, Hamza Alhawamleh, Own M. Al-Ajlouni, Khalil I. Hamarneh, Mohammad A. Hussein, Lina N. Mustafa, Basel E. Al-Bkoor, Amro Alkhatib, Layla Abu Joudeh, Osama Alghafri, Niazy Abu Farsakh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: upper gastrointestinal bleeding; machine learning; endoscopic intervention; gradient boosting classifier; Glasgow Blatchford Score; Rockall Score

Online: 29 March 2024 (11:53:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1795.v1

Differential Diagnosis of Solid Pancreatic Lesions Using Detective Flow Imaging Endoscopic Ultrasonography

Haruo Miwa, Kazuya Sugimori, Shoichiro Yonei, Hayato Yoshimura, Kazuki Endo, Ritsuko Oishi, Akihiro Funaoka, Hiromi Tsuchiya, Takashi Kaneko, Kazushi Numata, Shin Maeda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Detective Flow Imaging; Pancreatic Cancer; Endoscopic Ultrasonography

Online: 29 March 2024 (05:17:37 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1602.v1

Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Fungaemia in an Infected Biloma Patient Following a Traumatic Liver Injury

Mohammad Nizam Mokhtar, Raha Abdul Rahman, Farah Hanim Abdullah, Izzuddin Azaharuddin, Azarinah Izaham, Chuan Hun Ding

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Biloma; Rhodotorula mucilaginosa; Fungaemia; Liver; Trauma

Online: 26 March 2024 (14:35:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0945.v1

Exploring Advanced Therapies for Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Insights from the Gut Microbiota-Bile Acid-Immunity Network

Ziqi Guo, Kun He, Ke Pang, Daiyu Yang, Chengzhen Lyu, Haifeng Xu, Dong Wu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: primary biliary cholangitis; gut microbiota; bile acid

Online: 15 March 2024 (16:01:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0935.v1

Advancing Hepatitis C Elimination in Africa: Insights from Egypt

IZERE Salomon, Sibomana Olivier, Ndayambaje Egide

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Hepatitis C; Elimination; Africa; Egypt; Direct-acting antivirals; Policy insights; Hepatitis virus

Online: 15 March 2024 (14:40:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0720.v1

Early Onset Gastrointestinal Malignancies: An Investigation into a Rising Concern

Aayush Vishwanath, Shreyas Krishna, Albert P Manudhane, Phil A Hart, Somashekar G Krishna

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: early onset gastrointestinal malignancies; young adult cancer; early onset colorectal cancer; early onset esophageal cancer; esophageal adenocarcinoma; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; early onset gastric cancer; early onset pancreatic cancer; early onset liver cancer; gastrointestinal malignancy; hepatocellular carcinoma; BRCA mutation; ATM mutation; MLH1; MSH2; MSH6; PRSS1; early onset biliary malignancy

Online: 12 March 2024 (14:33:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0587.v1

The Many Faces of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Treatment: From the Mediterranean Diet to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Ludovico Abenavoli, Maria Luisa Gambardella, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Ilaria Lenci, Leonardo Baiocchi, Francesco Luzza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Steatosis; Probiotics; Gut-liver axis; Leaky gut

Online: 11 March 2024 (09:46:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0396.v1

Food Beliefs and Risk of Orthorexia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Francesca Maria Di Giorgio, Stefania Pia Modica, Marica Saladino, Stefano Muscarella, Stefania Ciminnisi, Piero Luigi Almasio, Salvatore Petta, Maria Cappello

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; orthorexia nervosa; eating disorders

Online: 8 March 2024 (01:55:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0332.v1

Differential protective effect of zinc and magnesium for the hepatic and renal toxicity induced by acetaminophen and potentiated with ciprofloxacin in rats

Alexandra Moraru (Ciocan), Diana C. Ciubotariu, Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc, Catalina Elena Lupusoru, Mihnea Eudoxiu Hurmuzache, Radu Crișan-Dabija

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: magnesium chloride (MgCl2); zinc gluconate (ZnG); liver diseases; kidney diseases

Online: 6 March 2024 (13:55:48 CET)

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Background: The purpuse was to investigate the influence induced by magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and zinc gluconate (ZnG) supplementation on liver and kidney injuries experimentally-induced with acetaminophen (AAPh) and potentiated by ciprofloxacin addition in rats. Material and methods: The experiment was performed on 5 animals groups: group 1 – control, treated for 6 weeks with normal saline, 1mL/kg; group 2 – AAPh, treated for 6 weeks with AAPh, 100 mg/ kg/day; group 3 – AAPh+C, treated AAPh 100 mg/kg/ day for 6 weeks and ciprofloxacin, 50mg /kg/day, only in the last 14 days of the experiment; group 4 – AAPh+C+Mg, with the same treatment as group 3, but, and in the last 14 days, MgCl2 10 mg/ kg/day was added; group 5 – AAPh+C+Zn, with the same treatment as group 3, but, and in the last 14 days, zinc gluconate (ZnG),10 mg/kg/day was added. All administrations were performed by oral gavage. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for biochemistry examinations. Results: Treatment with AAPh for 6 weeks determined an alteration of the liver function (increases in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase and, and gamma-glutamyl transferase) and of renal function (increases in serum urea and creatinine) (P < 0.001 group 2 vs. group 1 for all mentioned parameters). Also, the antioxidant defense capacity was impaired in group 2 vs. group 1 (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity decreased in group 2 vs. group 1, 0.001 < P < 0.01, respectively 0.01 < P < 0.05). The addition of ciprofloxacin, 50 mg/kg/day during the last 14 days resulted in further increases in alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea and creatinine (0.01 < P < 0.05, group 3 vs. group 2). MgCl2 provided a slight protection against liver enzymes increase and a more pronounced protection against the increase in serum urea and creatinine (0.001 < P < 0.01 group 4 vs. group 3). MgCl2 provided a slight protection against the decrease in superoxide dismutase (0.01 < P < 0.05 group 4 vs. group 3), but not against decrease of glutathione peroxidase. The improvement of mentioned parameters could also be seen in case of ZnG, to a higher extent especially in the case of alanine aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase (0.01 < P < 0.05 group 5 vs. group 4). Conclusions: This study represents a furthermore proof for beneficial effect of magnesium and zinc salts against toxicity induced by different agents, including antibacterials added to the analgesic and antipyretic acetaminophen; the protection is proven on the liver and kidney’s function; the antioxidant profile improvement has a key role, especially in case of zinc gluconate.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0312.v1

Probiotics in the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in General Practice: A Real-World Narrative Review

Franco Ferrarini, Giuseppe Milazzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Probiotics; General Practice

Online: 6 March 2024 (04:45:49 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0139.v1

Cross Talk between Gut Microbiota and Immune System: From Pathophysiology to Potential Therapeutic Interventions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Elisabetta Bretto, Gian Paolo Caviglia, Giorgio Maria Saracco, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: IBD; Crohn’s disease; ulcerative colitis; immunological modulation; microbiota; micobiome; inflammation; pathogenesis; flare immunity

Online: 4 March 2024 (11:13:50 CET)

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Medicine and Pharmacology