Abstract: This paper examines the short-run transmission of monetary policy shocks to bank credit granted to the non-financial corporate sector in Morocco, a bank-based emerging economy. While conventional monetary theory emphasizes the interest rate channel, growing empirical evidence suggests that monetary transmission is increasingly conditioned by banks’ balance-sheet constraints and credit risk considerations. The central question addressed is whether policy-rate shocks translate into short-run credit expansion or are instead absorbed through alternative banking adjustment mechanisms. The empirical analysis relies on monthly macro-financial data over the period 2014–2024 and employs a reduced-form Vector Autoregressive (VAR) framework. Impulse response functions, forecast error variance decompositions, and Granger causality tests are used to assess the dy-namic interactions between the policy rate, non-financial corporate credit, banks’ sovereign asset holdings, and credit risk conditions.The results show that monetary policy shocks generate weak, short-lived, and economically negligible responses in non-financial corporate credit, with no evidence of sustained credit expansion following policy-rate changes. By contrast, monetary impulses are associated with systematic balance-sheet reallocation toward sovereign assets and with more pronounced, though transitory, movements in credit risk indicators. Variance decompositions further reveal that short-run credit dynamics are overwhelmingly driven by internal banking and risk-related factors, while monetary policy shocks explain only a marginal share of credit fluctuations. Overall, the findings indicate that short-run monetary transmission in Morocco operates predominantly through risk-sensitive balance-sheet adjustments rather than through direct quantity-based credit responses, thereby reframing the interpretation of weak credit reactions to monetary policy in bank-based emerging economies.

Abstract: Parent-child interaction is a foundational component of language development. This study examined parent-child interaction in deaf and hard-of-hearing children 6 or 9 months after they received hearing aids or cochlear implants. Expressive, receptive, and overall language skill were probed 9 to 18 months later. Thirteen DHH children and their parents participated in a videorecorded, semi-structured play interaction. Items from an adapted version of the Joint Engagement Rating Inventory were used evaluate parent-child interactions (i.e., fluency and con-nectedness, shared routines and rituals, child joint engagement, and parental sensitivity). Language skills were assessed using the Preschool Language Scales-5th (Zimmerman et al., 2011). Results indicate statistically significant re-lationships between child-parent joint engagement and expressive (p = .004), receptive language (p = .043), and total language scores (p = .007). The shared routines and rituals item was significantly related to expressive language (p = .037) and approached statistical significance with total language (p = .076) but was not significantly related to receptive language. The fluency and connectedness item was significantly related expressive language (p = .008) and total language (p = .028) but did not reach statistical significance with receptive language (p = .077). A quantitative measure of parental language input (i.e., words per minute) was not significantly related to any language variables.

Abstract:

We study a purely local inverse problem for non-reversible Randers metrics \( F = \|\cdot\|_g + \beta \) defined on smooth oriented surfaces. Using only the lengths of sufficiently small closed curves around a point \( p \), we prove that the exterior derivative \( d\beta(p) \) can be uniquely and stably recovered. Moreover, we establish that \( d\beta(p) \) is the only second-order local invariant retrievable from such local length measurements. Our approach is entirely metric-based, independent of geodesic flows or boundary data, and naturally extends to general curved surfaces.

Abstract: Serious video games are digital games designed with purposes beyond entertainment, commonly used to support education, training, health interventions, and behaviour change. Within cyberpsychology, they offer controlled interactive environments for examining how digital technologies influence cognition, emotion, motivation, and behaviour. This entry outlines the historical development of serious video games, from early non-digital simulations to contemporary applications incorporating online platforms, artificial intelligence, and immersive technologies. It summarises key psychological theories underpinning their design, including self-determination theory, flow theory, learning theories, and social and emotional frameworks. The entry reviews major application areas such as education, healthcare, professional training, cybersecurity, and environmental education, alongside evidence regarding their effectiveness. Ethical, cultural, and accessibility considerations are discussed, particularly in relation to inclusivity, data privacy, and manipulative design. The entry concludes by highlighting future directions for research and development, emphasising the need for longitudinal evaluation, ethical design, and inclusive approaches as serious video games continue to evolve.

Abstract: Global deforestation is accelerating at an unprecedented scale, driven by interconnected economic, political, and environmental forces that threaten biodiversity, climate stability, and human well-being. This article synthesizes global datasets and recent evidence to assess the magnitude, spatial distribution, and structural drivers of contemporary forest loss, with particular emphasis on tropical regions. It addresses three core research questions: (i) What is the current scale and geographic concentration of global deforestation and permanent tree-cover loss? (ii) How do agricultural expansion, mining, climate-driven wildfires, and armed conflict interact to intensify forest degradation? (iii) How do global consumption patterns, financial systems, and governance failures—including the symbolic contradictions of U.N. climate summits hosted in major fossil-fuel-exporting and high-emission countries such as the United Arab Emirates, Azerbaijan, and Egypt—externalize deforestation pressures onto vulnerable regions? The analysis shows that permanent land-use change, extractive industries, and conflict-related governance breakdowns dominate forest loss dynamics, while climate change amplifies fire-driven destruction, exposing a widening credibility gap in global climate governance and the urgent need for enforceable, equity-centered forest protection strategies.

Abstract: We present the Atemporal Tablet Framework (ATF), a complete geometric ontology that derives spacetime, quantum mechanics, and gravity from a single mathematical structure. The universe is modeled as a fiber bundle T ->(π) M where T is a static higher-dimensional manifold and M is emergent 3+1D spacetime. Temporal dynamics arise from projection operators Πt : T -> M extremizing a projective action SΠ. Quantum states are epistemic distributions over fibers, with the Born rule emerging naturally via measure disintegration. Measurement corresponds to topological phase-locking without wavefunction collapse. Einstein’s equations arise as equations of motion for Πt, while quantum fields emerge as fiber vibrations. The framework makes specific testable predictions: sidereal anisotropy in qubit decoherence ε = 1.23 × 10^-8 ± 3 × 10^-9 (derived from holographic scaling) and modified dispersion relations at scale EP / sqrt(ε). We prove a reconstruction theorem establishing that spacetime observations can determine the underlying geometry, and demonstrate that Standard Model particle content emerges naturally from Fx ≅ CP3 × S5 / Γ fiber geometry. ATF provides a mathematically rigorous, experimentally falsifiable foundation for quantum gravity that resolves long-standing interpretational issues while making concrete predictions testable with current technology.

Abstract:

The Bangladesh HCW Cohort is a prospective study established to assess the physical and psychological effects of COVID-19 on Bangladeshi HCWs. This paper outlines the study design and baseline characteristics of the cohort participants. The cohort was initiated in February 2021 and enrolled 3,697 HCWs. Baseline demographic, clinical, and occupational risk data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Participants were followed up biweekly to monitor changes in risk factors over time. Validated instruments were used to assess mental health outcomes and infection prevention and control practices. In January 2023, a second phase of the study was initiated to examine breakthrough COVID-19 infections, immune responses by vaccine type, long-term consequences of COVID-19, and booster vaccine uptake. The median age of the HCWs recruited to the cohort was 36 years (IQR: 30-44), and 53.5% were female. Nurses accounted for approximately half of the participants (47.8%), followed by support staff (31.8%) and physicians (20.4%). Nearly half of participants (47%) reported symptomatic COVID-19, most commonly fever (82%) and cough (56%). Additionally, 32% reported hospitalization due to COVID-19.The Bangladesh HCW Cohort provides a prospective platform to evaluate the occupational, physical, and psychological impacts of COVID-19 among HCWs, generating evidence to inform occupational health policy and workforce protection strategies in Bangladesh.

Abstract: Dengue viruses continue to pose a significant global public health challenge, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where access to centralized laboratory infrastructure is often limited. Prompt identification of dengue virus RNA during the early, acute phase of infection is essential for effective clinical management and timely outbreak response. However, widely used gold-standard techniques such as reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) rely on enzymatic amplification, advanced instru-mentation, and skilled personnel, which restricts their use in point-of-care and re-source-constrained settings. In this work, an enzyme-free nucleic acid detection strategy based on semiconductor quantum dots (Qdots) is described for sensitive and specific dengue virus RNA detection at room temperature. The platform combines toe-hold-mediated strand displacement reactions (TMDRs) for precise sequence recognition with the strong fluorescence and signal amplification capabilities of Qdots. A highly con-served sequence at the 3′ end of the dengue genome was selected to enable detection across all four viral serotypes. Viral RNA is captured by surface-immobilized probes via TMDR, followed by binding Qdot-labeled detection probes and a Qdot-driven signal amplification step, all under isothermal conditions. The assay demonstrated femtomolar sensitivity us-ing synthetic RNA targets and maintained high performance in crude nucleic acid ex-tracts from contrived samples representing all dengue serotypes. Its modular, enzyme-free design offers a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive alternative to conventional amplifica-tion-based diagnostics, with strong potential for low-cost, portable applications in molec-ular diagnostics.

Abstract:

Background: Research on men’s mental health points out gender differences in help-seeking and access to care. Traditional masculine norms (i.e., emotional repression, self-reliance, “being strong”) and gender bias might conceal distress, delay treatment, and help to explain higher burdens of addiction, violence, and suicide alongside lower recorded affective/anxiety diagnoses. Methods: An exploratory narrative review with scoping aims was conducted. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for 2015–2025 studies using MeSH and terms on men’s mental health, masculinities, and stigma. Results: Eleven studies identified attitudinal barriers (i.e., self-stigma, shame, symptom minimization, mistrust, etc.) and structural barriers (i.e., limited tailored services, navigation difficulties, costs, bureaucracy, etc.) that contribute late presentation, weaken therapeutic alliance, and increase dropout; especially when therapy is perceived as impersonal or ineffective. Intersectional factors (i.e., class, age, ethnicity) further contribute with access and they need to be included in the field of men’s mental health. Gender-sensitive approaches and alternative masculinity role models have the potential to enhance engagement and legitimize emotional experience. Conclusions: Hegemonic masculinity–related gender norms, acquired through gender-differentiated socialization, are associated with adverse mental health outcomes among men. A lack of gender-sensitive awareness campaigns to reduce stigma around men’s mental health may hinder prevention, delaying early identification and timely intervention. Therefore, men’s mental health care should integrate gender and intersectionality transversally to improve prevention, access, diagnosis, treatment, adherence, and outcomes, supported by professional training and tailored therapeutic tools in clinical routine practice. These findings underscore the need to promote healthier, more egalitarian masculinities and to deconstruct stigmas associated with help-seeking and mental health service.

Abstract: Fruits are an integral part of our diet. Various types of proteins and vitamins are obtained through fruits. Apple is a major fruit that is consumed globally. This is a multipurpose fruit that is used in the preparation of various food products and also in medicines. Therefore, it is important to analyze its future prices. India is the largest producer of apples, thus it is very important to analyze the Apple prices of Indian agricultural markets. Machine learning and deep learning models have not been previously applied to this Indian dataset. Various time series models like Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), SARIMA, and ETS are developed, but the performance of LSTM is much better compared to the other models, with the lowest error rates (MAE of 554.08, RMSE of 752.10, 191, and MAPE of 6.63 percent). Thus, the proposed study provides the solution to a real-life problem, which ultimately can be used for agriculture policy making and smart market strategies.

Abstract:

Background: There is a proliferation of terms that are used to define and describe qualitative methods of review synthesis. These terms can make understanding which approach to use difficult and the ability to generate operational clarity challenging. Further research is required that exams and maps the terms and approaches to synthesis. Objective: This scoping review aims to map the landscape of qualitative synthesis methods, evaluate the ability to operationalise named methods, and explore their philosophical foundations and methodological associations. Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines a scoping review was undertaken. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases and grey literature sources. Articles were included that examined a methodological approach to qualitative synthesis. Data extraction and charting focused on synthesis type, frameworks, philosophical alignment, and operational guidance. Results: Fifty-four articles were identified and within these 14 qualitative methodologies were identified and 5 types of aggregative methods and 10 types of interpretive methods of synthesis. Meta-ethnography, meta-synthesis, framework synthesis were the most frequently cited methodologies. A subset of these methodologies and methods were found to be the more operationalizable and these are discussed. Conclusion: The review highlights significant terminological and methodological fragmentation in qualitative synthesis. It underscores the need for clearer guidance, standardised terminology, and stronger links between synthesis methodologies, methods and philosophical traditions. A decision tree is proposed to support researchers in selecting appropriate synthesis methodologies.

Abstract:

This paper proposes the "Multi-level Constraint Recursive Realization" (MCRR) framework, which seeks to provide a logically unified, first-principles-based meta-theoretical model for understanding the continuity spanning physical systems, life, cognition, and socio-cultural phenomena. Its core thesis is that the very existence of any dissipative structure, which intends to persist over time, implies that it must simultaneously and continuously satisfy three absolute meta-constraints that are logically irreducible to one another: (1) acquiring resources from the environment, (2) optimizing internal processes to reduce the cost of persistence, and (3) maintaining the boundary and structural stability that define it as a unified whole. These constraints constitute the "hard boundaries" of a system's existence; violation of any single constraint leads to the system's dissipation or disintegration. Building upon this foundation, the framework constructs a logical hierarchy of systems, ranging from passive physical structures to active autopoietic systems, further to systems with adaptive behavioral tendencies and internal evaluative minds, and ultimately to institutionalized societies. Each higher level can be viewed as a strategic solution, recursively evolved by the system to cope with environmental complexity, aimed at satisfying the underlying meta-constraints more robustly or efficiently. Specifically, we argue that the essence of mind (encompassing sensation, emotion, and cognition) is a dynamic multi-constraint value-computation and optimization system, whose evolution addresses conflicts among basic behavioral tendencies in complex environments. The framework engages in a deep dialogue with theories such as autopoiesis, life history theory, and active inference, thereby providing an analytical tool and conceptual map designed to integrate, not replace, knowledge from existing disciplines.

Abstract:

Background/Objectives: Antigen presenting cells (APCs) and immune cells have unique properties to drive or suppress immune responses. They are therefore key targets for the expression of vaccine antigens or transgene proteins. To better determine the utility of different molecular therapies to modify these cells, mRNA and DNA-based molecular therapy vectors were compared for their ability to genetically modify immune cells after intradermal injections in mice. DNA-based vectors included naked plasmid DNA, plasmid packaged in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and replication-defective adenovirus (Ad) vectors. mRNA delivery was mediated by packaging into LNPs like those used in COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: Each vector was used to deliver Cre recombinase into Cre reporter mice whose cells are activated to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) and firefly luciferase after Cre recombination. Mice were injected intradermally (ID) near the base of their tail at a site that drains into the inguinal lymph node. Luciferase activity was imaged in the living mice 1 or 4 days after vector injection. The animals were then euthanized and luciferase activity was imaged in the draining inguinal lymph node. Cells were prepared from the intradermal injection site and from the draining lymph node to determine which immune cells were genetically modified by phenotyping CD45, CD3, and CD11b GFP-positive cells by flow cytometry. Given that the skin uniquely contains Langerhans dendritic cells, these CD207⁺ cells were also phenotyped in skin samples and in the draining lymph node. Results: In both the skin and in the draining lymph node, the rank order of luciferase and GFP activation by the vectors were: 1) Ad; 2) mRNA-LNP; 3) DNA-LNP; and 4) naked DNA. Only mRNA-LNP and Ad vectors mediated obvious luciferase activity in the living animals and in the draining lymph nodes by imaging. Notably, both vectors appeared to leak from the ID injection site and not only modify the draining lymph node but also strongly modify the livers of the mice. Naked DNA and DNA-LNP mediated detectable GFP activation in the skin and draining lymph node in some mice, but this activity was low and did not reach statistical significance when compared to PBS-treated animals. mRNA-LNPs and Ad both mediated significant Cre delivery in CD45⁺, CD3⁺, CD11b⁺, and CD207⁺ immune cells in the skin and in the lymph node with adenovirus mediating consistently higher levels of expression in all of the tested cells. Conclusions: These data indicate that mRNA-LNP and Ad vectors mediate stronger modification of skin and lymph node immune cells after intradermal injections. Naked DNA and DNA-LNPs were markedly less potent at this activity than the other vectors. These data are consistent with the higher vaccine potency of mRNA-LNP and Ad vectors and suggest that approaches that increase targeting of immune cell subsets may have utility to increase efficacy while also reducing off target modification of tissues like the liver.

Abstract: Although self-administered antigen tests are widely available, anatomical knowledge of nasal anatomy in the general population is limited. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage has been reported in multiple cases following damage to the roof of the nasal cavity due to accidental penetration of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. Methods: Images of anatomical prosections used for teaching in the Dissection Room of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Barcelona were obtained to illustrate the viable horizontal pathway to the nasopharynx through the inferior meatus, below the inferior turbinate. Screenshots from publicly available videos produced by the author demonstrating swab insertion were analyzed to measure the final insertion angle using 3D software. Publicly available instructions for patients included with authorized antigen tests in Spain were reviewed. Results: Antigen tests available in Spain in 2025 recommended a predominantly vertical swab insertion. However, successful horizontal insertion in the inferior meatus towards the nasopharynx can be achieved with a slight vertical angle of 7–9°. A schematic illustration for free use is provided. Conclusion: Swab instructions should be revised to emphasize an insertion perpendicular to the face in order to access the inferior meatus safely and reduce the risk of injury to the ethmoidal cells.

Abstract: Legislative changes introduced in Turkey in 2024, aimed at removing street dogs from public space, have reshaped volunteer caregiving in Istanbul and reconfigured human–animal rela-tionships beyond the household. Drawing on 43 in-depth interviews and eight months of quali-tative fieldwork, this article examines how caregivers sustain daily care for free-living dogs while navigating legal uncertainty, intensified encounters with municipal and state actors, and frag-mented pathways to assistance. Caregiving is described as increasingly governed by chronic vigilance, anticipatory grief, and moral distress—conditions that do not remain “emotional” side effects but operate as practical forces that reorganize routine, visibility, and thresholds for in-tervention. Focusing on caregivers’ everyday experiences of governance and their interactions with municipal services, shelters, and private veterinary clinics (without reporting operational tactics), the analysis shows how responsibility shifts toward continuous risk management, with care narrowing to what feels survivable under threat. A central finding is an infrastructural bot-tleneck in veterinary pathways: many clinics can treat dogs but cannot provide short-term holding, interrupting recovery and turning time-sensitive cases into emergencies. I argue that caregiver well-being is constitutive of animal welfare, shaping continuity of monitoring, access to first aid, and everyday conflict mediation that enables coexistence. The article contributes to interdisci-plinary debates on animal welfare governance by foregrounding volunteer caregiving as an in-formal yet indispensable urban care infrastructure whose capacity is co-produced with veterinary actors and constrained by institutional opacity and weak bridging arrangements between street, clinic, and recovery.

Abstract: Decision-making relies on coordinated neural dynamics that integrate sensory evidence with top-down control. In this EEG study, we examined sensor (scalp) -level theta and alpha-band oscillations, as well as fronto-parietal network connectivity, during a tactile spatial discrimination task. Blindfolded participants judged the lateral offset of the central dot of a three-dot array delivered to the right index finger while EEG was recorded. Time–frequency analyses revealed that both theta and alpha power were greater for correct than incorrect decision trials during pre-stimulus and post-stimulus intervals, suggesting enhanced preparatory and mnemonic engagement during accurate decisions. Directional connectivity assessed using block (multivariate) Granger causality demonstrated significantly stronger frontal to parietal influence in the theta band during both pre- and post-stimulus periods for correct decisions, supporting the role for long-range theta communication for top-down control in guiding tactile judgment. These findings highlight theta-band fronto-parietal communication as a key mechanism supporting successful tactile decision-making.

Abstract: Development of AI-driven automated driving functions requires vast amounts of diverse, high-quality data to ensure road safety and reliability. However, manual collection of real-world data and creation of 3D environments is costly, time-consuming, and hard to scale. Most automatic environment generation methods still rely heavily on manual effort, and only a few are tailored for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving (AD) training and validation. We propose an automated generative framework that learns real-world features to reconstruct realistic 3D environments from a road definition and two simple parameters for country and area type. Environment generation is structured into three modules - map-based data generation, semantic city generation, and final detailing. The overall framework is validated by training a perception network on a mixed set of real and synthetic data, validating it solely on real data, and comparing performance to assess the practical value of the environments we generated. By constructing a Pareto front over combinations of training set sizes and real-to-synthetic data ratios, we show that our synthetic data can replace up to 90% of real data without significant quality degradation. Our results demonstrate how multi-layered environment generation frameworks enable flexible and scalable data generation for perception tasks while incorporating ground-truth 3D environment data. This reduces reliance on costly field data and supports automated rapid scenario exploration for finding safety-critical edge cases.

Abstract: Background: Digital pulp reconstruction with toe based flaps reliably restores sensibility, durability, and contour, one aspect that has received little attention is the healing be-havior of viable digital fat. This study evaluates outcomes from a large series of free toe flaps with specific attention to the healing behavior of preserved subcutaneous fat and its contribution to contour refinements. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive digital reconstructions performed with free toe flaps and several variations (pulp toe flap, chimeric pulp toe flap, trimmed great toe flap and chimeric pulp+ trimmed great toe). Particular attention was given to healthy subcutaneous fat deliberately maintained or exposed to help shape the final contour. All patients were followed clinically and pho-tographically until complete healing occurred. Results: A total of 133 patients underwent a finger reconstruction with a with free toe flaps and several variations. The preserved fat layer was intentionally left exposed to promote healthy granulation and spontaneous epithelialization, contributing favorably to the final contour of the distal pulp as the nail advanced. All wounds healed within three to four weeks without the need for skin grafts. All patients achieved good to excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes with minimal donor-site morbidity .Conclusion: This large retrospective series confirms the reliability of healthy flap to help in the shape of the digital reconstruction, highlighting the re-generative potential of viable digital fat. Incorporating this concept into flap design may reduce the need for grafting, minimize donor-site morbidity, and enhance reconstructive outcomes in hand surgery.

Abstract:

This paper describes a new auto-associative network called a Unit-Merge Network. It is so-called because novel compound keys are used to link 2 nodes in 1 layer, with 1 node in the next layer. Unit nodes at the base store integer values that can represent binary words. The word size is critical and specific to the dataset and it also provides a first level of consistency over the input patterns. A second cohesion network then links the unit nodes list, through novel compound keys that create layers of decreasing dimension, until the top layer contains only 1 node for any pattern. Thus, a pattern can be found using a search and compare technique through the memory network. The Unit-Merge network is compared to a Hopfield network and a Sparse Distributed Memory (SDM). It is shown that the memory requirements are not unreasonable and that it has a much larger capacity than a discrete Hopfield network, for example. It can store sparse data, deal with noisy input and a complexity of O(log n) compares favourably with these networks. This is demonstrated with test results for 4 benchmark datasets. Apart from the unit size, the rest of the configuration is automatic, and its simplistic design could make it an attractive option for some applications.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: SLC13A5 encodes a sodium–citrate cotransporter implicated in early‐onset epileptic encephalopathy and metabolic brain dysfunction, yet its devel-opmental regulation and molecular context in the human brain remain incompletely defined. Methods: Leveraging human developmental transcriptomes from the Evo-Devo resource, we delineated tissue trajectories and network context for SLC13A5 across the fetal–postnatal life. Results: In the cerebrum, SLC13A5 expression rises from late fetal stages to peak in the first postnatal year and then declines into adulthood, while cerebellar levels increase across the lifespan; liver shows a fetal decrease followed by sustained postnatal upregulation. A transcriptome-wide scan identified extensive positive and negative associations with SLC13A5, and a signed WGCNA built on biweight midcor-relation placed SLC13A5 in a large module. The module eigengene tracked brain mat-uration (Spearman ρ = 0.802, P = 8.62×10⁻⁶) and closely matched SLC13A5 abundance (ρ = 0.884, P = 2.73×10⁻⁶), with a significant partial association after adjusting for developmental rank (ρ = 0.672, P = 6.17×10⁻⁴). Functional enrichment converged on oxidative phos-phorylation and mitochondria. A force-directed subnetwork of the top intramodular members (|bicor| > 0.6) positioned SLC13A5 adjacent to a densely connected nucleus including CYP46A1, ITM2B, NRGN, GABRD, FBXO2, CHCHD10, CYSTM1, and MFSD4A. Conclusions: Together, these results define a developmentally tuned, mito-chondria-centered program that co-varies with SLC13A5 in the human brain across the lifespan. It may provide insights to interrogate age-dependent phenotypes and therapeutic avenues for disorders involving citrate metabolism.