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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0430.v1

COVID-19 Vaccines: The Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes and Menstrual Function

James A. Thorp, Claire Rogers, Michael P. Deskevich, Stewart Tankersley, Albert Benavides, Megan D. Redshaw, Peter A. McCullough

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; menstruation; pregnancy outcomes; Influenza vaccines; VAERS

Online: 28 September 2022 (03:50:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0430.v2

COVID-19 Vaccines: The Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes and Menstrual Function

James A. Thorp, Claire Rogers, Michael P. Deskevich, Stewart Tankersley, Albert Benavides, Megan D. Redshaw, Peter A. McCullough

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; menstruation; pregnancy outcomes; Influenza vaccines; VAERS; stillbirth; miscarriage

Online: 30 December 2022 (09:39:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0029.v1

Evaluation of Oral Supplementation with a Casein Hydrolysate-based Formula to Favor the Clearance of HR-HPV Infections and their Derived Lesions

Carmen Pingarrón, Alfonso Duque, Ana Isabel López, Juan Ferragud

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: hpv; papilloma; lsil; hsil; hpv clearance; immunomodulation; nk cells; casein hydrolysate; ditriamino; hupavir

Online: 3 December 2019 (12:07:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0057.v1

Maternal Ethnicity as Risk Factor for Miscarriage: Evidence from a Six-Year Period Cohort in a University Setting

Stefania Triunfo, Giulia Di Carlo, Alessandra Cellana, Lucia Masini, Michelangela Danza, Antonio Lanzone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: miscarriage; fetal loss; risk factor; ethnicity; maternal race

Online: 4 April 2019 (15:52:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0122.v1

Adding Agnus Castus and Magnolia to Soy Isoflavones Relieves Sleep Disturbances besides Postmenopausal Vasomotor Symptoms: Long Term Safety and Effectiveness

Pasquale De Franciscis, Flavio Grauso, Anna Luisi, Maria Teresa Schettino, Marco Torella, Nicola Colacurci

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: isoflavones; menopause management; endometrial thickness; mammary density; liver function; plant extracts

Online: 27 October 2016 (12:21:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0417.v1

Prevalence, Causes and Associated Factors for Postpartum Haemorrhage (Pph) At St. Joseph Referral Hospital Peramiho-Songea, Tanzania; A Hospital-Based Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Samson Mvandal, Coletha Kindimba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Haemorrhage; Prevalence; postpartum; Postpartum haemorrhage; Peramiho; Songea.

Online: 24 September 2021 (08:20:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0195.v1

Melatonin Scavenger Properties against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress: Impact on In Vitro Embryo Production in Mammals

Pía Loren, Raúl Sánchez, María-Elena Arias, Ricardo Felmer, Jennie Risopatrón, Carolina Cheuquemán

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: melatonin; antioxidants; RNS; ROS; embryo development; DNA integrity; DNA oxidation; gene expression

Online: 27 March 2017 (10:04:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0073.v1

Hochu-Ekki-to Treatment Improves Reproductive and Immune Modulation in the Stress-Induced Rat Model of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Eunkuk Park, Chun Whan Choi, Soo Jeong Kim, Yong-In Kim, Samkee Sin, Jong-Phil Chu, Jun Young Heo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Hochu-ekki-to; immune modulation; polycystic ovarian syndrome

Online: 9 May 2017 (04:11:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0001.v1

The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in the Gynaecological Malignancy

Flavio Grauso, Raffaele Autiero, Giuseppe R. Lannino, Brunella Zizolfi, Ciro Perone, Enrico M. Messalli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endocannabinoid system; gynaecological cancers; endometrial cancer; cervical cancer; ovarian cancer, CB1R; CB2R; FAAH;

Online: 1 June 2018 (05:45:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0284.v1

Next-Generation Counseling: Noninvasive Prenatal Screening Results Disclosure and Management

Aishwarya Arjunan, Rotem Ben-Shachar, Jamie Kostialik, Katherine Johansen Taber, Gabriel Lazarin, Elizabeth Denne, Dale Muzzey, Carrie Haverty

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: cell-free DNA analysis; genetic counseling; noninvasive prenatal screening; prenatal screening; results delivery; telehealth

Online: 19 June 2018 (03:45:49 CEST)

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Background: As noninvasive prenatal screening usage grows in the general obstetrics setting, proper patient education on the screen’s benefits and limitations is needed. Objective: Describe the use of a technology platform designed for large-scale dissemination of noninvasive prenatal screening information and results. Study Design: The technology platform functioned as follows: Patients were emailed a link to an noninvasive prenatal screening general-education video upon laboratory receipt of a test requisition. Providers were then notified upon availability of patients’ results. If noninvasive prenatal screening results were negative, the patient was sent an automated email with instructions to access results through a secure portal where she could watch tailored informational videos, request “on-demand” or scheduled genetic counseling, or decline any further services. If genetic counseling was elected, a summary of the session was sent to the ordering provider and patient upon completion. If noninvasive prenatal screening results were positive, either the ordering provider or a board-certified genetic counselor contacted the patient directly to communicate test results and provide counseling. The number and type of results issued through the platform, the number and type of genetic counseling consultations completed, and factors associated with requesting laboratory-delivered genetic counseling were tracked and analyzed for a 39-month period. Results: Over the study period, 67,122 noninvasive prenatal screening results were issued through the platform, and 4,673 patients elected genetic counseling consultations; 95.2% (n=4,450) of consultations were for patients receiving negative results. Over 70% (n= 3,370) of consultations were on-demand rather than scheduled. Median consultation time was 14 minutes for positive results and six minutes for negative results. A positive screen, advanced maternal age, family history, previous history of a pregnancy with a chromosomal abnormality, and other high-risk pregnancy were associated with the greatest odds of electing laboratory-delivered genetic counseling. Conclusions: By combining web education, automated notifications, and genetic counseling, we implemented a service that effectively facilitates results disclosure for ordering providers. These data demonstrate the capability to deliver noninvasive prenatal screening results, education, and counseling—congruent with management guidelines—to a large population, which is imperative to quality care as uptake increases.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0349.v2

Cost Implications of Menstrual Hygiene Management in Nigeria and Its Associated Impacts

Esther Ajari, Temidayo Abass, Esther Ilesanmi, Yusuff Adebisi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Menstrual Hygiene Management; Menstrual pads; Menstruation; Nigeria; Period poverty; Sustainable Development Goals

Online: 20 September 2021 (10:37:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0263.v1

The Good Pregnancy Network: An Alternative Approach for Gestational Diabetes

Amaju Ikomi, Shaheen Mannan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Pregnancy; Diabetes; Screening, Lifestyle

Online: 15 November 2021 (13:40:25 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0111.v1

Perforation of the Cervix by the Strings of An Intrauterine Device (IUD): А Novel Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature

Panagiotis Peitsidis, Chryssa Ekizoglou, Demetrios Spiliopoulos, Stefanos Zervoudis, Panagiotis Tsikouras

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Intrauterine device; cervical perforation; hysteroscopy; copper; strings

Online: 9 May 2022 (10:00:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0034.v1

Cigarette Smoking Promotes Infection of Cervical Cells by High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses, but not Subsequent E7 Oncoprotein Expression

Kimon Chatzistamatiou, Theodoros Moysiadis, Dimos Vryzas, Ekaterini Chatzaki, Andreas M. Kaufmann, Isabel Koch, Erwin Soutschek, Oliver Boecher, Athena Tsertanidou, Nikolaos Maglaveras, Pidder Jansen-Duerr, Theodoros Agorastos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: high-risk HPV infection; E7 oncoprotein; cigarette smoking; HPV carcinogenesis; cervical cancer

Online: 5 January 2018 (11:48:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0271.v1

Perturbed Ovarian and Uterine Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling Accompanies the Balanced Regulation of Mitochondrial Function and NFκB-Mediated Inflammation under Conditions of Hyperandrogenism and Insulin Resistance

Min Hu, Yuehui Zhang, Xiaozhu Guo, Wenyan Jia, Guoqi Liu, Jiao Zhang, Peng Cui, Juan Li, Wei Li, Xiaoke Wu, Hongxia Ma, Mats Brännström, Linus R Shao, Håkan Billig

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: glucocorticoid receptor; 11HSD; mitochondria; NFκB; inflammation; ovary; uterus; polycystic ovary syndrome

Online: 28 March 2019 (14:05:40 CET)

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Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance are co-pathologies of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Recent evidence has suggested that elevated local cortisol levels are associated with ovarian and endometrial insulin resistance in hyperandrogenic PCOS patients, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these clinical findings remain unclear. We and others have used chronic treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and insulin to create an in vivo rodent model for the onset and development of PCOS-like phenotypes. Here, we aimed to determine whether the molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling, mitochondrial function, and local inflammation in the ovary and uterus are intrinsically different in PCOS-like rats compared to controls. In both the ovary and the uterus, decreased expression of two GR protein isoforms was concurrent with increased expression of Fkbp51 but not Fkbp52 mRNA in PCOS-like rats compared to controls. However, PCOS-like rats exhibited an opposite regulation of Hsd11b1 or Hsd11b2 mRNAs in the two tissues. Further, the expression of several oxidative phosphorylation-related protein components was decreased in the PCOS-like ovary and uterus, but surprisingly the expression of many genes involved in mitochondrial function and homeostasis was increased in the same tissues and animals. Additionally, PCOS-like rats showed the increased expression of ovarian and uterine NFκB signaling proteins and Tnfaip3 mRNA. In PCOS-like rats, while similar decreased expression of Il1b, Il6, and Mmp2 mRNAs was seen in the ovary and uterus, the opposite regulation of Tnfa, Ccl2, Ccl5, and Mmp3 mRNA expression was observed in the two tissues. Both ovaries and uteri from PCOS-like animals showed increased collagen deposition compared to controls. Collectively, our observations suggest that hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance disrupt ovarian and uterine GR activation and trigger compensatory or adaptive effects for mitochondrial homeostasis, allowing tissue-level maintenance of mitochondrial function in order to limit ovarian and uterine dysfunction. Our study also suggests that hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance-induced activation of NFκB signaling resulting in aberrant regulation of inflammation-related gene expression might be tissue specific in female reproductive tissues.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0368.v1

Proportion and Associated Factors of Maternal Near Misses in Selected Public Health Institutions of Keffa, Bench-Maji and Sheka Zones of South Nations Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, South West Ethiopia, 2017.A Crossectional Study

Yayehyirad Yemaneh, Firew Tiruneh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: proportion; near-misses; morbidity; mortality; public health institution

Online: 28 April 2018 (11:56:04 CEST)

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Background: Maternal near-miss refers to a situation where a woman who nearly died but survived from severe life-threatening obstetric complications that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy. It has been estimated that up to 9 million women survive obstetric complications every year. According to studies done around the world most mothers suffer from Near Miss due to the factors which includes, low socioeconomic status, patient related, health provider related, and health related and health institution related issues. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the proportion of maternal near misses and its associated factors in Selected Public Health Institutions of Keffa, Bench-Maji and Sheka Zones of South Nations Nationalities and Peoples Regional state, South West Ethiopia, 2017. Methodology: Hospital based cross-sectional study design was employed and simple random sampling techniques (Lottery Method) was used to select the study institution and Systematic sampling technique was used to select 845 study participants every 5^th interval. Information was collected by using pre-tested and structured interviewer administered questioner. Using SPSS version 21 software, descriptive statistics and bivariate logistic regression analysis was done and variables with p-value <0.2 were transferred to multivariate analysis and during Multivariate logistic regression analysis Variables with P-value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant and AOR with 95% CI were used to control for possible confounders and to interpret the result. The results were summarized by tables, graphs and charts. Result: There were 5530 Live Births, 227 Sever Acute Maternal Morbidity cases of this 210 were Maternal Near-Misses cases and 17 were maternal deaths, 364 Maternal Near-Misses Events. The overall Maternal Near-Misses Proportion is 24.85%. The maternal Near-Misses outcome ratio was 41 cases/1,000 live births (LB); mortality ratio was 12.35cases/1 maternal death and 74.8/1000LB of mortality index. Parity, residence, distance of living place from hospital, ANC Follow up, duration of labor, and administrative related problems were found to have statistically significant associations. Conclusion: The proportion of Maternal Near-Misses is relatively high when compared to other regional studies and efforts should be done to lower the near-misses.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0020.v1

Clinical Utility of Expanded Carrier Screening: Results-Guided Actionability and Outcomes

Katherine Johansen Taber, Kyle A. Beauchamp, Gabriel Lazarin, Dale Muzzey, Aishwarya Arjunan, James D. Goldberg

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: expanded carrier screening; prenatal diagnosis; pregnancy management; clinical utility; at-risk couple

Online: 1 August 2018 (12:07:35 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0451.v1

Potential for SARS-CoV-2 Virus Exposure During Gynaecological Procedures

Claire Shannon-Lowe, Heather Long, Sudha Sundar, Graham Taylor

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: gynaecology; gynecology infection; safety; polypectomy; biopsy

Online: 31 March 2020 (09:59:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0722.v1

Knowledge and Attitude concerning use of Intrauterine Contraceptive Device among Women attending Family Planning at Makambako RCH in Njombe-Tanzania

Samson Peter Mvandal, Joseph Nhandi, Godfrey Lupoly

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Attitude, Family planning, knowledge, IUCD, Contraceptive, Reproductive

Online: 29 December 2020 (09:23:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0269.v1

Contesting the Geneticization Thesis in Human Reproduction: Dealing with Spiral Shaped Processes and Technoscientific Imaginaries

Ido Alon, Jose Guimon, Rosa Urbanos-Garrido

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: assisted reproductive technologies; In-Vitro Fertilization; Delphi; geneticization; Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis; diffusion of innovation

Online: 24 September 2019 (05:32:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0105.v1

The Role of Wnt/Beta-Catenin Pathway, SATB1 and SATB2 in Endometrial Cancer Patients

Paweł Sadłecki, Magdalena Bodnar, Andrzej Marszalek, Malgorzata Walentowicz-Sadlecka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometrial cancer; tumor microenvironment; Wnt/β-catenin pathway; SATB1; SATB2

Online: 6 September 2021 (14:29:35 CEST)

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Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an established role in various diseases and is considered a hallmark of endometrial cancer (EC). Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 and 2 (SATB1 and SATB2) are nuclear matrix-associated proteins involved in chromatin remodeling and regulation of gene expression. SATB1 promotes the progression of numerous types of cancers, whereas SATB2 acts as a tumor suppressor. Despite a recent progress in our knowledge about EC, the exact mechanisms that control their proliferation and metastatic potential still remain unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between Wnt3A, β-catenin, SATB1 and SATB2 protein level and the clinicopathological features of EC patients. 92 EC patients, aged 37-84, were enrolled to our study. The immunoexpression of WNT3A was found in specimens from all EC patients, β-catenin was expressed in 97% of the cases, SATB1 in 87%. The significant association between Wnt3a expression and tumor grade was found; moreover mean IRS for Wnt3a turned out to be significantly lower in high-grade tumors than in low-grade malignancies (p=0.038). In turn, immunoexpression of β-catenin varied significantly across FIGO stages and was associated with the presence of lymph node metastases. Mean IRS for β-catenin in patients with lymph node metastases was significantly lower than in those without (p = 0.028). The Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated a stepwise impairment of cancer overall survival with increasing SATB1 expression. In conclusion, both Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and SATB1 contribute to progression of EC. Downregulation of β-catenin may predispose to lymphatic spread of EC. In turn, downregulation of Wnt3a seems to be characteristic for high-grade tumors, but probably does not play a role in formation of lymph node metastases. The important role of SATB1 as a predictor of poor survival and could be helpful in establishing a more accurate prognosis in endometrial cancer patients.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0451.v2

Potential for COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Exposure During Laparoscopic Gynaecological Surgery

Graham Taylor, Claire Shannon-Lowe, Heather Long, Sudha Sundar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: gynaecology; gynecology infection; safety; polypectomy; biopsy

Online: 9 April 2020 (10:01:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0252.v1

Effect of Serum Copper on Circulating Angiogenesis-Related Factors in Women with Preeclampsia

Khalid Najm Nadheer, Zohreh Zahraei, Hussein Al-Hakeim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: copper; endoglin; preeclampsia; VEGF-A; sVEGF-R1

Online: 21 September 2019 (09:51:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0069.v1

Epigenetic Issues. The Link Between Microbiota and Gestational Diabetes.

Olimpia Mora-Janiszewska, Anna Faryniak-Zuzak, Dorota Darmochwał-Kolarz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus; epigenetics; microbiota

Online: 6 January 2022 (10:30:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0212.v1

Early Fetal Weight Estimation with Expectation Maximization Algorithm

Loc Nguyen, Thu-Hang T. Ho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: fetal weight estimation; regression model; ultrasound measures; expectation maximization algorithm

Online: 26 March 2018 (09:59:51 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0354.v1

Maternal Mortality Ratio in Low Income Developing Countries-Focusing on Pakistan

Riffat Mehboob, Fridoon Jawad Ahmad, Syed Amir Gilani, Amber Hassan, Sidra Khalid, Javed Akram

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: maternal mortality; Pakistan; Millenium development goals; sustainable development goals; antenatal care

Online: 30 June 2020 (07:15:28 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Circulating Endometrial Cells: A Tool in Endometriosis Diagnostics and Therapy Management

Vladimir Bobek, Eliska Pospisilova, Imrich Kiss, Helena Souckova, Pavel Tomes, Jan Spicka, Rafal Matkowski, Marcin Jedrzka, Katarina Kolostova, simone Ferrero

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: circulating endometrial cells; endometriosis; rare cells; menstrual cycle; liquid biopsy

Online: 18 August 2019 (16:36:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0089.v1

‘All I Ever Want to Eat is Pizza and Pasta’: Italian Food Temptations Associated with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Stefania Triunfo, Roberta Mayer, Michelangela Danza, Antonio Lanzone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Fook intake; pizza; pasta; vegetables; pregnancy; adverse perinatal outcome

Online: 8 April 2019 (11:35:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0010.v1

Anastrozole and Levonorgrestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Device in the Treatment of Endometriosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Pedro Acién, Irene Velasco, Maribel Acién

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: aromatase inhibitors; anastrozole; levonorgestrel-iud; endometriosis; endometriomas; clinical trial

Online: 1 November 2019 (12:47:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0130.v1

Maternal Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain and Their Association with Pregnancy Complications and Perinatal Conditions

Martin Simko, Adrian Totka, Diana Vondrova, Martin Samohyl, Jana Jurkovicova, Michal Trnka, Anna Cibulkova, Juraj Stofko, Lubica Argalasova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: retrospective hospital-based study, overweight, obesity, pregnancy pathologies, caesarean section, weight gain

Online: 10 April 2019 (12:34:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0345.v1

Exploring the Societal Burden of Endometriosis on Women: a Metaethnography

Olivia C. Nwankudu, Israel Oluwaseyidayo Idris, Francis Ifeanyi Ayomoh, Uju Onyes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometriosis; qualitative research; gynaecology; infertility; illness experience; health service

Online: 20 September 2021 (16:14:24 CEST)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0022.v1

Is Autologous Platelet Activation the Key Step in Ovarian Therapy for Fertility Restoration and Menopause Reversal?

Natalie S. Rickers, E. Scott Sills

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: menopause; infertility; platelet activation; ovarian rejuvenation

Online: 5 May 2022 (05:23:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0117.v1

Endometrial Intracrinology: Oestrogens, Androgens and Endometrial Disorders

Douglas A Gibson, Ioannis Simitsidellis, Frances Collins, Philippa TK Saunders

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: decidualisation; oestradiol; aromatase; testosterone; DHEA; endometriosis; endometrial cancer; sulfatase

Online: 7 October 2018 (10:03:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0467.v1

Biases Inherent in Studies of Coffee Consumption in Early Pregnancy and the Risks of Subsequent Events

Alan Leviton

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: caffeine; coffee; epidemiology; recall bias; misclassification; residual confounding; reverse causation; publication bias

Online: 25 July 2018 (05:57:48 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Outcomes of a Cluster Randomized Trial in Young Breast Cancer Survivors and Blood Relatives: Surveillance and Genetic Services

Maria C. Katapodi, Chang Ming, Laurel L. Northouse, Sonia A. Duffy, Debra Duquette, Kari E. Mendelsohn-Victor, Kara J. Milliron, Sofia D. Merajver, Ivo D. Dinov, Nancy K. Janz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: HBOC; statewide random sampling; cancer survivorship; targeted intervention; tailored intervention; black participants; family recruitment

Online: 5 September 2019 (16:16:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0073.v1

Risk Prediction of Second Primary Endometrial Cancer in Obese Women: A Hospital-based Cancer Registry Study

Chi-Chang Chang, Chun-Chia Chen, Chalong Cheewakriangkrai, Ying Chen Chen, Shun-Fa Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: second primary cancers (SPCs); endometrial cancer (EC); risk prediction.

Online: 2 July 2021 (15:54:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0602.v1

Population Based Testing for Primary Prevention: A Systematic Review

Ranjit Manchanda, Faiza Gaba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: population testing; genetic testing; BRCA; Jewish; general population; cancer prevention; primary prevention

Online: 30 September 2018 (06:30:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0357.v1

The NLRP3 Inflammasome Role in the Pathogenesis of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and Preeclampsia

Maciej Socha, Bartosz Malinowski, Oskar Puk, Mariusz Dubiel, Michał Wiciński

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: NLRP3; inflammation; preeclampsia; pregnancy induced hypertension; HELLP syndrome; immunothrombosis

Online: 23 May 2020 (05:15:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0016.v1

Could the Maternal Ethnicity to be a Determinant in the Healthcare Cost of Assistance at Birth?

Stefania Triunfo, FRANCESCA LOFOCO, FRANCESCA PETRILLO, MASSIMO VOLPE, ANTONIO LANZONE

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Costs, delivery, cesarean section, ethnicity, maternal morbidity

Online: 1 March 2019 (14:33:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0091.v1

Metformin in Pregnancy: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

Steve L. Hyer, Jyoti Balani, Hassan Shehata

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: metformin; pregnancy; gestational diabetes; polycystic ovarian syndrome; type 2 diabetes; obesity

Online: 6 June 2018 (12:09:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0108.v1

Plasma MicroRNAs Can be a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Endometriosis

Zhihong Zhuo, Chuhan Wang, Gao Li, Huimin Yu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometriosis; circular; microRNA; diagnosis; plasma

Online: 8 July 2019 (06:10:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0473.v1

PCOS: A Chronic Disease that Fails to Produce Adequately Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators (SPMs)

Pedro-Antonio Regidor, Xavier de la Rosa, Anna Mueller, Manuela Sailer, Fernando Gonzalez Santos, Rafael Gracia Banzo, Jose Miguel Rizo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: PCOS; obesity; inflammation; specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs)

Online: 24 August 2021 (14:07:27 CEST)

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Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinologic disorder that affects 5-15 % of women of their reproductive age and is a frequent cause of infertility. Major symptoms include hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, a characteristic multi-follicular morphology of the ovary, an elevated ratio of LH/FSH, and often obesity and/or insulin resistance. PCOS also represents a state of chronic low-grade inflammation that is closely interlinked with the metabolic features. Inflammatory processes consist of the acute inflammatory response and resolution processes initiated concomitantly. "Classical" pro-inflammatory lipid mediators like prostaglandins (PG), leukotrienes (LT), or thromboxanes (TX) are derived from arachidonic acid (AA) and are crucial for the initial response. Resolution processes are driven by four families of so-called specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs): resolvins, maresins, lipoxins, and protectins. SPM biosynthesis starts from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids DHA, DPA, or EPA via certain hydroxylated intermediates (18-HEPE, 17-HDHA, 14-HDHA). The present study aimed to establish lipid mediator profiles of PCOS patients compared to healthy women to identify differences in their resolutive and pro-inflammatory lipid parameters. Material and Methods: Blood samples were taken (20 ml), separated into plasma and serum, and analyzed by HPLC/MS-QQQ. Fifteen female patients (18-45 years) were diagnosed with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, and five healthy women, as comparator group, were recruited for the study. The main outcome measures were: Pro-inflammatory lipid mediators (PG, LT, TX) and their precursor AA; SPMs (Resolvins, Maresins, Protectins, Lipoxins), their precursors EPA, DHA, DPA, and their active biosynthesis pathway intermediates (18-HEPE, 17-HDHA, 14-HDHA). Ratio [(sum of pro-inflammatory molecules)/sum of SPMs]. Results: The level of pro-inflammatory parameters in serum was significantly higher in PCOS-affected women. The ratio [(sum of pro-inflammatory molecules) / (sum of SPMs plus hydroxylated intermediates)] reflecting the inflammatory state was significantly lower in the group of healthy women. Conclusion: There is a strong pro-inflammatory state in PCOS patients. Further research will clarify whether supplementation with SPMs or their precursors may improve this state.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0479.v1

Analysis of the Causes of Cerebral Palsy in Kazakhstan

Saule Issenova, Nagima Mamedalieva, Gani Bodykov, Ayat Assemov, Balzira Bishhekova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: cerebral palsy; perinatal risks; children; pregnancy; childbirth

Online: 28 September 2021 (21:54:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1

The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer

Fayang Ma

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: lung cancer; cigarette smoking; air pollution; epidemiology; etiology

Online: 6 June 2022 (03:51:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0174.v1

Does Immediate Removal of Urinary Catheter Prevent Urinary Morbidities Following Cesarean Section: A Prospective Randomized Study

Upasana Maskey, Rita Marahatta, Biloni Vaidya

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: cesarean section; urinary catheterization; urinary tract infection

Online: 8 September 2020 (06:06:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0263.v2

The Good Pregnancy Network: An Alternative Approach for Gestational Diabetes

Amaju Ikomi, Shaheen Mannan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Pregnancy; Diabetes; Screening, Lifestyle

Online: 11 January 2022 (12:24:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0365.v1

Acute Coronary Syndromes in Pregnant Women: Diagnosis, Potential Causes, Roadmap in Treatment, Experimental Studies and Hypotheses

Ertunc Simdi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome; STEMI; Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection; NSTEMI; Vasospastic Angina; Preeclampsia; Eclampsia; Systemic Lupus Erythromatosus

Online: 27 December 2019 (10:41:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0436.v1

Incision and Prediction of Risk Factors Related to Surgical Site Infection Following Cesarean Section in Chinese Women

Qiuxiang Huang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Cesarean Section; surgical site infection; premature rupture of membrane

Online: 24 September 2021 (13:00:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0192.v1

Inequalities in Temporal Effects on Cervical Cancer Mortality in States in Different Geographic Regions of Brazil: An Ecological Study

Karina Cardoso Meira, Carinne Magnago, Angelo Braga Mendonça, Stephane Fernanda Soares Duarte, Pedro Henrique Oliveira de Freitas, Juliano dos Santos, Dyego Leando Bezerra de Souza, Taynãna César Simões

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: uterine cervical neoplasms; mortality; age-period-cohort analysis; forecasting; Brazil

Online: 16 February 2022 (05:03:16 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0042.v1

The Role of Antimicrobial Resistance in Refractory and Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis and Current Recommendations for Treatment

Christina A. Muzny, Jack D. Sobel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; bacterial vaginosis; refractory; recurrent; treatment

Online: 2 March 2022 (10:11:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0361.v1

Placental Pathology as a Tool to Identify Women for Postpartum Cardiovascular Risk Screening Following Preeclampsia: A Preliminary Investigation

Samantha J Benton, Erika E Mery, David Grynspan, Laura Gaudet, Graeme N Smith, Shannon A Bainbridge

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: preeclampsia; placenta; histopathology; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular risk; postpartum

Online: 24 January 2022 (14:27:20 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0145.v1

Mirage or Miracle—Intraovarian Autologous Platelet Cytokines for Infertility and Menopause

E. Scott Sills

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: ovary; PRP; senescence; rejuvenation; hypoxia; telomere length

Online: 9 June 2022 (11:16:03 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0319.v1

CT Features of Small Bowel Obstruction Caused by Concurrent, Ipsilateral Obturator and Inguinal Herniæ

Giovanni Fontanella, Simona Borrelli, Maurizio Russo, Francesco Giuseppe Biondo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: surgery; hernia; radiology; ct; bowel

Online: 21 January 2022 (11:07:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0302.v1

Effect of Different Educational Interventions on Knowledge of HPV Vaccination and Cervical Cancer among Young Female Adults: A Preliminary Report

Yuko Takahashi, Haruka Nishida, Takayuki Ichinose, Yuko Miyagawa, Koichiro Kido, Haruko Hiraike, Hirono Ishikawa, Kazunori Nagasaka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: HPV vaccination; vaccine hesitancy; barriers; health literacy; cervical cancer

Online: 22 March 2022 (13:58:09 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0448.v1

C-reactive Protein as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Factor of Endometrial Cancer

Maciej W. Socha, Bartosz Malinowski, Mateusz Wartęga, Oskar Puk, Bartłomiej Wolski, Michał Wiciński

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: C-reactive protein; hs-CRP; albumins; Glasgow Prognostic Score; Endometrial Cancer; CRP to albumin ratio; CRP; Cancer; Inflammation

Online: 19 July 2020 (21:13:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0345.v1

Association of Maternal Iodine Intake with Congenital Hypothyroidism

P. Gopika, M. Sreelakshmi, Sajal Nalwaya, Sarita Jangra Bhyan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: congenital hypothyroidism; transient; iodine deficiency; iodine excess; pregnancy; supplementation

Online: 28 June 2020 (19:51:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0185.v1

Integrated FISH, Karyotyping and aCGH analyses for Effective Prenatal Diagnosis of Common Aneuploidies and Other Cytogenomic Abnormalities

Hongyan Chai, Autumn DiAdamo, Brittany Grommisch, Jennifer Boyle, Katherine Amato, Dongmei Wang, Jiadi Wen, Peining Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Karyotype, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), amniotic fluid (AF), chorionic villus sampling (CVS), aneuploidies, pathogenic copy number variants (pCNV), confined placental mosaicism (CPM), true fetal mosaicism (TFM), pseudo-mosaicism.

Online: 17 December 2018 (09:58:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0365.v1

Diet and Nutritional Factors in Male (In)Fertility – Underestimated Factors

Kinga Skoracka, Piotr Eder, Liliana Łykowska-Szuber, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: semen quality; male infertility; nutritional model; diet

Online: 20 April 2020 (14:54:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0537.v1

Assessing the Impact of Obesity on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes among Saudi Women

Nadia Adwani, Howieda Fouly, Tagwa Omer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Obesity; BMI; maternal outcomes; neonatal outcomes.

Online: 20 April 2021 (11:50:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0416.v1

Back to the Future? The Fallopian Tube, Precursor Escape and a Dualistic Model of High-Grade Serous Carcinogenesis

T. Rinda Soong, David Kolin, Nathan Teschan, Christopher Crum

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: BRCA, high grade serous carcinoma, fallopian tube, precursor,

Online: 18 October 2018 (11:07:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0421.v1

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Bio Organ for Treatment of Female Infertility

Sahar Esfandyari, Rishi Man Chugh, Hang-Soo Park, Elie Hobeika, Mara Ulin, Ayman Al-Hendy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Infertility; mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); reproductive system; Stem-cell therapy

Online: 18 September 2020 (07:09:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0416.v2

Back to the Future? The Fallopian Tube, Precursor Escape and a Dualistic Model of High-Grade Serous Carcinogenesis

T. Rinda Soong, David Kolin, Nathan Teschan, Christopher Crum

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: BRCA, high grade serous carcinoma, fallopian tube, precursor,

Online: 24 October 2018 (10:55:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0549.v1

A Visual Tool Inclusive of Fetal Ultrasound and Autopsy Findings to Reach a Balanced Approach to Counselling on Trisomy 18 in Early Second Trimester

Stefania Triunfo, Marta Bonollo, Priska Gaffuri, Manuela Viviano, Daniele Satta, Manuela Bergmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Trisomy 18; diagnosis; ultrasound; counselling; autopsy

Online: 25 August 2020 (11:32:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0280.v1

Expression of Stress-Mediating Genes Is Increased in Term Placentas of Women with Chronic Self-Perceived Anxiety and Depression

Cristina A. Martinez, Ina Marteinsdottir, Ann Josefsson, Gunilla Sydsjo, Elvar Theodorsson, Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: antenatal stress; hair cortisol; term-placentae; RT-qPCR; human

Online: 21 June 2020 (16:30:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0434.v1

The Importance of Screening for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer: Epidemiological Review

Navneetha Hardikar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Ovarian Cancer; Epidemiology; Risk Factors; Screening; Diagnosis, Mortality; Incidence

Online: 28 October 2021 (11:41:05 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0140.v1

Krukenberg's Tumor as an Incidental Finding in a Full-Term Pregnancy: A Case Report

Orlando Andres Nunez-Isaac, Felipe Mendoza-Rosado, Katheryn Lopez-Arjona, Alan Espinosa-Marron, Fernando Davila-Martinez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Krukenberg Tumor; Neoplasm Metastasis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Case Report.

Online: 11 June 2020 (12:30:50 CEST)

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BACKGROUND Krukenberg tumor is a rare metastatic tumor of the ovary with characteristic histopathological features known as signet-ring cells. It usually presents in women around 45 years of age, however, we present an uncommon case in a 38-year-old pregnant woman. We report this case because of the unusual findings, the uncommon presentation in this younger age bracket, its diagnostic challenge, and poor prognosis. CASE PRESENTATION We describe an unusual case of a young woman with a history of painful vaginal bleeding at 13 weeks of pregnancy and treated for abruptio placentae. In her routine prenatal visit at week 20 of pregnancy, she was found to have a uterine fundus greater than her gestational age and referred to the hospital to discard polyhydramnios. At her admission a pelvic ultrasound was performed with normal findings of a 25 weeks pregnancy, also showing bilateral enlarged ovaries with heterogeneous echogenicity. The MRI showed a left tumoral lesion with dimensions of 22.1 x 13.6 x 16.3 cm, with lobulated regular contours with displacement of peripheral structures and mild compression of the bladder, the left ureter, and the inferior vena cava. The lesion was heterogeneous with irregular borders. The patient was programmed for a cesarean section; during the operation, the abdominal cavity showed bilateral tumors compatible with MRI findings, the ovarian tumors were sent to pathology and the results showed poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma (WHO III) with extensive signet-ring cells, an indicative of Krukenberg tumor. CONCLUSION: The case presented is rare due to its presentation in a pregnant woman without identifiable risk factors for gastric cancer. The incidental finding suggests the pregnancy masked the clinical presentation of gastric cancer, and the rapid deterioration of the patient is consistent with the aggressiveness described in the literature. The limited descriptions of this neoplasm in our country and the torpid evolution of this case highlight the importance of further studies of this cancer in Mexico.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0661.v1

Cervical Pessary in Preterm Birth Prevention among Singleton Pregnant Women with a Short Cervix and Obtuse Uterocervical Angle: A Quasi-experimental Study

Thi Hoang Trang Nguyen, Van Tam Vu, Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: uterocervical angle; cervical pessary; preterm birth; singleton pregnancy

Online: 8 August 2023 (11:21:49 CEST)

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(1) Background: This study aimed to evaluate the role of cervical pessary for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnant women with a cervical length (CL) ≤25 mm and a uterocervical angle (UCA) ≥95o and ≥105o. (2) Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 225 singleton pregnant women with a gestational age of 16+o-23+6 weeks and transvaginal ultrasound CL measurements ≤25 mm, whose pregnancy was man-aged at the Haiphong Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vietnam, from September 2020 to September 2022. Participants were allocated into two groups: prophylactic treatment with progesterone (123 pregnant women) and combined with a cervical pessary (102 pregnant women). The UCAs measured via transvaginal ultrasound by a single sonographer were divided into groups with UCA measurements ≥95o and ≥105o. The gestational age at birth was classified into full-term and preterm <37 weeks and <34 weeks. A binary regression model assessed the association between CL, UCA, and pre-term birth outcomes. The difference was statistically significant, with p<0.05. (3) Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of preterm birth <37 weeks and <34 weeks between the two groups (16.3% vs. 11.8% and 6.5% vs. 4.9%, p>0.05). The probability of preterm birth <37 weeks in the group of pregnant women with a UCA ≥95o treated via cervical pessary plus progesterone decreased by 60.6%, OR (95% CI) of 0.394 (0.165-0.941), p<0.05. In the group of pregnant women with a UCA ≥105o, there was a significant association in the group of progesterone treatment combined with a cervical pessary, with the lower rate of PTB <37 weeks and <34 weeks, with OR (95% CI) of 0.028 (0.005-0.146), p<0.001, and 0.141 (0.030-0.664), p<0.05, respectively. (4) Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that cervical pessary is beneficial to the prevention of preterm birth in singleton pregnant women with an obtuse uterocervical angle. Further randomized studies among pregnant women with obtuse uterocervical angles will be needed to clarify the role of a cervical pessary in preventing preterm birth.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0611.v1

Pregnancy Outcomes in Late Onset Pompe Disease and Enzyme Replacement Therapy

Ozlem Goker-Alpan, Vellore G. Kasturi, Maninder K. Sohi, Renuka P. Limgala, Stephanie L. Austin, Tabitha Jennelle, Maryam Banikazemi, Priya S. Kishnani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Lysosomal Disorders; Glycogen storage disease Type II; Pompe disease; LOPD; Pregnancy; Enzyme Replacement Therapy

Online: 25 July 2020 (15:48:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0088.v1

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Evolutionary Adaptation to Lifestyle and the Environment

jim parker, Claire O'Brien, Jason Hawrelak, Felice Gersh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome; evolution; insulin resistance; infertility; environment; toxins; endocrine disrupting chemicals; dysbiosis; lifestyle; diet

Online: 6 December 2021 (15:34:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0010.v1

The Research Progress of Electrophysiological Technology in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

Afsarunnesa Syeda, Li Fan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Primary ovarian insufficiency; ovarian hypofunction; amenorrhea; follicular stimulating hormone; electrophysiological technology; bioelectrical stimulation

Online: 2 July 2020 (13:39:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0305.v1

Polygenic Risk Score and Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes

Marija Majda Perisic, Klemo Vladimir, Mario Storga, Ali Mostashari, Raya Khanin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: gestational diabetes; pregnancy; polygenic risk score; gwas; machine learning

Online: 20 July 2022 (12:09:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0680.v1

Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate

Hamudat Balogun, Aino Rantala, Harri Antikainen, Nazeeba Siddika, A.Kofi Amegah, Niilo Ryti, Jaakko Kukkonen, Mikhail Sofiev, Maritta S. Jaakkola, Jouni Jaakkola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Air pollution; low birth weight; prenatal exposure; joint effects; cold climate

Online: 28 July 2020 (10:43:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0229.v1

A Global Survey of Ethnic Indian Women Living with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Concerns, Diagnosis Experiences, Quality of Life, and Use of Treatment Methods

Vibhuti Rao, Stephanie Cowan, Mike Armour, Caroline A. Smith, Bobby Cheema, Lisa Moran, Siew Lim, Sabrina Gupta, Michael De Manincor, Vikram Sreedhar, Carolyn Ee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; PCOS; key concerns; diagnosis; Indian women; survey

Online: 15 September 2022 (10:37:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0285.v1

Cervical Cancer Prevention in El Salvador: Gains to Date and Challenges for the Future

Karla Alfaro, Montserrat Soler, Mauricio Maza, Mauricio Flores, Leticia López, Juan Carlos Rauda, Andrea Chacon, Patricia Erazo, Nora Villatoro, Eveline Mumenthaler, Rachel Masch, Gabriel Conzuelo, Juan C. Felix, Miriam Cremer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: El Salvador; Cervical cancer; Human papilloma virus (HPV); screen-and-treat; cervical precancer; HPV vaccine

Online: 23 May 2022 (05:15:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0028.v1

Association of Maternal Observation and Motivation (MOM) Program with M-Health Support on Maternal and Newborn Health

Premalatha Paulsamy, Vigneshwaran Easwaran, Rizwan Ashraf, Krishnaraju Venkatesan, Mervat Moustafa, Absar Ahmed Qureshi, Kousalya Prabahar, Kalaiselvi Periannan, Rajalakshimi Vasudevan, Geetha Kandasamy, Kumarappan Chidambaram, Ester Mary Pappiya, Kumar Venkatesan, Vani Manoharan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: pregnant mothers, physical activity; maternal wellbeing; antenatal mothers; newborn outcomes; m-health; low birth weight; small for gestation; gestation age; hemoglobin

Online: 1 November 2021 (17:50:14 CET)

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Maternal and child nutrition has been a critical component of health, sustainable development, and progress in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). While a decrement in maternal mortality is an important indicator, simply surviving pregnancy and childbirth does not imply better maternal health. One of the fundamental obligations of nations under international human rights law is to enable mothers and teenage girls to endure pregnancy and delivery as an aspect of their enjoyment of reproductive and sexual health and rights and live a dignified life. The aim of this study was to discover the correlation between the Maternal Observation and Motivation (MOM) program and m-Health support for maternal and newborn health. A Comparative study was done among 109 pregnant mothers (study group-94; control group-102 mothers) with not less than 20 weeks of gestation. Maternal outcomes such as Hb, weight gain and newborn results like birth weight and crown- heel length was obtained on the baseline, 28 and 36 weeks of gestation. Other secondary data collected were abortion, stillbirth, low birth weight, major congenital malformations, twin or triplet pregnancies, physical activity and maternal wellbeing. The MOM intervention included initial face to face education, three in-person visits and eight virtual health coaching by WhatsApp. The baseline data on Hb of the mothers show that 31(32.98%) vs 27(28.72%) of the study and control group had anaemia, which improved to 27.66% and 14.98% among study group mothers at 28 and 36 weeks of gestation (p<0.001). The weight gain (p< 0.001), level of physical activity (p< 0.001), and maternal wellbeing (p< 0.01) also had significant differences after the Intervention. Even after controlling for potentially confounding variables, the maternal food practices regression model revealed that birth weight was directly correlated with consumption of milk (p 0.001), fruits (p 0.01), and green vegetables (p 0.05).As per the physical activity and maternal wellbeing regression model, the birth weight and crown heel length were strongly related with the physical activity and maternal wellbeing of mothers at 36 weeks of gestation (p <0.05). Combining the MOM intervention with standard antenatal care is a safe and effective way to improve maternal welfare while upholding pregnant mothers' human rights.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0541.v1

Endometriosis and the Urinary Tract: from Diagnosis to Surgical Treatment

Mathew Leonardi, Mercedes Espada, Rosanne Kho, Javier Magrina, Anne-Elodie Millischer, Luca Savelli, George Condous

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Endometriosis; ureter; bladder; ultrasound; magnetic resonance imaging; hydroureter.

Online: 23 September 2020 (07:44:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0050.v1

Positive Deviance for Dual-Method Promotion among Women in Uganda: A Qualitative Study

Hodaka Kosugi, Akira Shibanuma, Junko Kiriya, Ken Ing Cherng Ong, Stephen Mucunguzi, Conrad Muzoora, Masamine Jimba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: positive deviance; dual-method use; contraception; unintended pregnancy; sexually transmitted infection; HIV/AIDS

Online: 5 July 2020 (07:04:27 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0328.v1

Appraisal of Experimental Methods to Manage Menopause and Infertility: Intraovarian Platelet-Rich Plasma vs. Condensed Platelet-Derived Cytokines

E Scott Sills, Samuel H Wood

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: platelets; cytokines; angiogenesis; embryo; menopause; fertility

Online: 18 November 2021 (13:56:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0249.v1

Exploring Factors Associated with Patients Who Prefer Clinician-Sampling to HPV Self-Sampling: A Study Conducted in a Low-Resource Setting

Jessica Sormani, Bruno Kenfack, Ania Wisniak, Alida Moukam Datchoua, Sophie Lemoupa Makajio, Nicole C Schmidt, Pierre Vassilakos, Patrick Petignat

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: cervical cancer screening; HPV self-sampling; sub-Saharan Africa; preference

Online: 15 November 2021 (10:55:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0401.v1

Pregnancy, Mental Well-being and Lockdown: A Nationwide Online Survey in France

Laurent Gaucher, Chloé Barasinski, Corinne Dupont, Chantal Razurel, Swann Pichon, Emma Leavy, Sylvie Viaux-Savelon, Marion Cortet, Nicolas Franck, Frédéric Haesebaert, Julie Haesebaert

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: pregnant women; quarantine; mental health; pandemic; survey

Online: 26 July 2022 (09:54:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0399.v1

miR-142-3p Reduces the Size, Migration and Contractility of Endometrial and Endometriotic Stromal Cells by Targeting Integrin- and Rho GTPase-related Pathways that Regulate Cytoskeletal Function

Christin S. Börschel, Anna Stejskalova, Sebastian D. Schäfer, Ludwig Kiesel, Martin Götte

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: microRNA; miR-142-3p; endometriosis; cytoskeleton; integrin; collagen; WASL; ITGAV; endometrial stroma cells; in vitro study

Online: 17 July 2020 (16:08:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0506.v1

A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Clinical Features, Pathological Characteristics, and Molecular Classification in Reproductive Age Patients with Endometrial Cancer who Experienced Unsuccessful Fertility-sparing Treatment

Tong Yu, Xi-Wen Zhang, Ping-Li Sun, Abdulkarim Mohamed Farah, Yan Jia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometrial cancer; fertility-sparing management; molecular classification; reproductive age; pregnancy

Online: 26 November 2021 (12:42:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0476.v1

From Undetectable Equals Untransmittable (U=U) to Breastfeeding: Is the Jump Short?

Tullio Prestileo, Adriana Sanfilippo, Lorenza Di Marco, Antonina Argo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: female; HIV infections; breastfeeding; vertical transmission; patient’s autonomy.

Online: 25 November 2021 (12:55:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0426.v1

Recent Updates on microRNA as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes mellitus

Kazi Mahmuda Akter, Badar Uddin Umar, S M Niazur Rahman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: microRNA; diabetes; pregnancy; prenatal testing

Online: 27 December 2021 (11:37:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0349.v1

Effect of Prenatal Ketamine Exposure: A Focused Literature Review

Alexa Simonetti, Alicia Trimble, Hattie Shrock, Revathi Gudi, Varsha Murthy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors; prenatal exposure; neurotoxic

Online: 14 April 2023 (04:29:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0493.v1

Uptake of Intermittent Preventive Treatment (Ipt) and the Prevalence of Malaria among Pregnant Women in Iganga District, Uganda for Financial Year 2019/2020

Prossy Nakito, David Muwanguzi, Daniel Lukooya, Gloria Tumukunde

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Plasmodium; malaria; Intermittent Preventive Treatment; Prevalence and Public health facilities

Online: 27 January 2023 (06:40:54 CET)

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Introduction: Uganda has got the highest prevalence rate of malaria among the risk groups compared to other parts of the world. In addition, Uganda bears a particularly large burden from the disease which is limited by a lack of reliable data, but it is clear that the prevalence of malaria infection, incidence of disease, and mortality among pregnant women all remain very high. According to the Iganga DHIS2 Jan-May report, a higher number of pregnant women received Intermittent Preventive Treatment one (IPT1) and the numbers dropped for IPT2 and IPT3. The district is also referral point of the greater Busoga region and has got several challenges towards malaria control. The study aimed at assessing the uptake of Intermittent Preventive Treatment and the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women in Iganga district so as to generate evidence for scaling up appropriate interventions for IPT uptake among pregnant women. Methods: The research was a retrospective study using secondary data to assess the uptake of IPT and prevalence of malaria for financial year 2019/2020 in nine Public Health Centre IIIs and one Public Health Centre IV. In this study IPT was defined as the administration of a curative dose of an effective antimalarial drug to all pregnant women without testing for presence of malaria parasite and at least three doses as recommended. Secondary data from HMIS was obtained and analyzed to assess the uptake of IPT services and the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was determined using proportions. Results: The study found that of 6,672 women who received the first dose of IPT-SP, 1671 (25%) of the women received less than 2 doses of IPT and 46% of pregnant women received more than 2 doses of IPT. The study showed that a total of 3,435 pregnant women tested positive for malaria which brings the prevalence to 50%, and being highest among pregnant women aged 20-24 years at 50%. Conclusions: The study showed that the uptake of IPT was relatively low among lower age groups with a relatively high prevalence of malaria among the same age group. This calls for all stakeholders (DHO, MOH, Iganga District, NGOs e.t.c) urgent attention thus to ensure mass sensitization about malaria and IPT importance with IEC and ITN distribution, early diagnosis and treatment, giving incentives to ANC attending mothers, control of the vector.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0521.v1

Pathophysiological Effects of Contemporary Lifestyle on Evolutionary-Conserved Survival Mechanisms that Disturb the Hallmarks of Health in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Jim Parker

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome; evolution; inflammation; insulin resistance; hyperinsulinemia; immune; infertility; endocrine disrupting chemicals; environment; lifestyle; diet

Online: 30 March 2023 (03:19:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1269.v1

Knowledge, attitude, and Practice of menstrual hygiene among faculty and students of RAK Medical and Health Sciences University

Rajani Dube, Huma Zaidi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Menstrual hygiene; Knowledge of menstrual hygiene; Attitude about menstrual hygiene; Practice of menstrual hygiene; Menstrual hygiene in Health science university

Online: 17 August 2023 (08:04:52 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0402.v1

I Can Grow as an In Utero if You Give Me Enough Nutrition: Premature ≤29 Weeks Gestation

Angela Hoyos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Very premature infants; Z-score on weight; nutrition; appropriate growth

Online: 18 May 2021 (09:50:29 CEST)

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Introduction: In general, everyone believe they should grow as “in utero” for the smallest premature babies but many thinks that it is not possible with today's nutrition “guidelines”. There is resistance to give enough nutrition for fear of "toxicity". We use volumes that some would consider high, although there are more and more groups that accept it. We chose the difference in Z-score between birth and a corrected discharge gestational age to assess postnatal growth in our unit.Material and methods: Between January 2018 and December 2020, we review all cases ≤ 29 weeks of GA at birth that survived to 36 weeks corrected gestational age, or that were discharged home if this occurred before. We had a protocol with extremely aggressive nutrition including parenteral as well as oral nutrition. We then separated the patients who had lost more than 1 Z-score point to see the weight trajectory plotted on the Fenton 2013 growth curve and to review the clinical characteristics of those patients. We also graphed the patients who had had a smaller Z-score difference to also see their trajectory in the Fenton curves. We calculate the number of cases, medians, and interquartile ranges for all groups.Results: We fount 32 cases. The median ± IQR (interquartile range) of change in Z-score between birth and discharge of the whole group was -0.52 ± 0.53; 6/32 (19%) had more than 1 point drop; all had severe diseases listed in Figure 1 with plotting all cases. The median decline in Z score ± IQR of this group with poor growth was 1.24 ± 0.22. The group of cases with a fall of <1 point of Z score were 26 (81%), the median ± IQR of fall of Z score was 0.39 ± 0.55 (see figure 2). All cases had the initial fall in weight the first 1-2 weeks. No important complications secondary to the ingested volumes or parenteral nutrition were reported. Conclusion: The group of cases with a fall of > 1 point of Z score had severe pathologies. The other cases had an adequate growth parallel to normal growth charts in some cases with some catch up.Discussion: With this work we try to show that in many premature babies it is possible to grow like in utero if they are given enough nutrition. Randomized studies are necessary to confirm our findings.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0255.v1

How Does Contraceptive Use Affect Women’s Sexuality? A Novel Look at Sexual Acceptability

Salvatore Caruso, Gaia Palermo, Giuseppe Caruso, Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Hormonal contraception; Long acting reversible contraceptives; Quality of life; Short acting reversible contraceptives; Sexual arousal and desire; Sexual behavior

Online: 15 December 2021 (11:17:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0001.v1

The Pattern of Changes in Body Mass Index before and during Pregnancy: The Maternal and Neonatal Outcome

Gamal Sayed, Husam Salama, Lina Abdullah, Sawsan Al-Obaidly, Mai Al-Qubaisi, Ashraf Mansour

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: BMI; obesity; pregnancy; maternal outcome; neonatal outcome; Qatari women

Online: 3 April 2023 (02:07:18 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0375.v1

Characteristic of Uterine Lipoleiomyoma and Hemangioma by Algorithm of Candidate Biomarkers for Uterine Mesenchymal Tumor

Shoko Nishikawa, Takuma Hayashi, Yasuaki Amano, Nobuo Yaegashi, kaoru Abiko, Ikuo Konishi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: lipoleiomyoma; hemangioma; bleeding; uterine leiomyoma; uterine leiomyosarcoma

Online: 22 August 2022 (05:24:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0424.v1

Inhibitory Effects of Vaginal Lactobacilli on Candida albicans Growth, Hyphal Formation, Biofilm Development, and Epithelial Cell Adhesion

Tomonori Takano, Hayami Kudo, Shuhei Eguchi, Asami Matsumoto, Kentaro Oka, Yukitaka Yamasaki, Motomichi Takahashi, Takuro Koshikawa, Hiromu Takemura, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroshige Mikamo, Hiroyuki Kunishima

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Candida albicans; Lactobacillus species; biofilm; probiotics

Online: 27 September 2022 (12:34:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0271.v1

Diagnosis of Labor and Human Evolution: Why Is It so Difficult to Diagnose Labor in Humans? The Contribution of Metabolomics

Antonio Ragusa, Maria Matta, Denise Rinaldo, Alessandra Meloni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: evolutionary mismatch; diagnosis of labor; prospective diagnosis; cervical dilatation; uterine contractions; pain intensity; metabolomic.

Online: 16 January 2023 (07:25:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0527.v1

Gastrointestinal Myoelectrical Activity (GIMA) Biomarker for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis

Mark Noar, John Mathias, Ajit Kolatkar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: biomarker; electroviscerography; endometriosis; gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity; GIMA; electroviscerogram; water load satiety test; GIMA biomarker threshold score; predictive modeling ;

Online: 8 April 2024 (10:02:42 CEST)

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Background/Objectives: Endometriosis represents substantial direct and indirect healthcare costs impacted by absent accurate, non-invasive uniformly diagnostic tools. We endeavored to demonstrate gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity (GIMA) biomarkers unique to endometriosis allow noninvasive, uniformly accurate diagnosis or exclusion of endometriosis. Methods: Prospective open-label comparative study of 154 patients, age >18, with or without diagnosed endometriosis. Population included 62 non-endometriosis controls (Cohort 1), 43 subjects with surgically histologically-confirmed endometriosis (Cohort 2), and 49 subjects with abdominal pain and negative imaging (Cohort 3). Electroviscerography (EVG) recorded GIMA biomarkers from three abdominal electrodes before and 30-minutes post water-load protocol. Cohort 2 had postoperative EVG and Cohort 3 had preoperative EVG. Calculated specificity, sensitivity, NPV, PPV and predictive probability or C-Statistic used univariate, multivariate, linear and logistical regression analyses of the area under the curve (AUC) at all frequency and time points, including age and pain covariants. Results: Non-endometriosis cohort differed significantly from endometriosis cohorts (p<0.001) for median (IQR), and AUC percent frequency distribution of power at baseline, 10-minute, 20-minute, and 30-minute post water-load at all frequency ranges 15-20cpm, 30-40cpm and 40-50cpm. Endometriosis cohorts were statistically similar (p>0.05). GIMA biomarker threshold scoring demonstrated 95%/91% sensitivity and PPV, 96%/95% specificity and NPV and C-statistic of >99%/98% respectively for age subsets. GIMA biomarkers in Cohort 3 predicted 47/49 subjects positive and 2/49 negative for endometriosis, confirmed surgically. Hormonal therapy, surgical stage, nor pain score affected diagnostic accuracy. Conclusions: Non-invasive electroviscerography with GIMA biomarker detection distinguished participants with and without endometriosis based upon endometriosis specific GIMA biomarkers threshold scoring.

Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1337.v1

Exploratory Report on Data Synchronising Methods to Develop Machine Learning-Based Prediction Models for Multimorbidity

Gayathri Delanerolle, David Benfield, Peter Phiri, Yassine Bouchareb, Kingshuk Majumder, Heitor Cavalini, Jian Shi, Om Kurmi, Ashish Shetty, Dharani Hapanagama, Alain Zemkoho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Endometriosis; Multimorbidity; Womens Health; Machine Learning

Online: 18 May 2023 (10:55:59 CEST)

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Endometriosis is a complex chronic condition characteristic of chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, anxiety and fatigue. This can often lead to multimorbidity which is defined by the presence of two or more long term conditions. Delayed diagnosis of endometriosis is a crucial issue that leads to poor quality of life and clinical management. There are a variety of limitations linked to conducting endometriosis research including lack of dedicated funding. Additionally, accessing existing electronic healthcare records can be challenging due to governance and regulatory restrictions. Missing data issues are another concern that has been commonly identified among real-world studies. Considering these challenges, data science technique could provide a solution by way of using synthetic datasets that could be generated using known characteristics of endometriosis to explore the possibility of predicting multimorbidity. This study aimed to develop an exploratory machine learning model that can predict multimorbidity among women with endometriosis using real-world and synthetic data. A sample size of 1012 was used from two endometriosis specialized centres in the UK. In addition, 1000 synthetic data records per centre were generated using the widely used Synthetic Data Vault’s Gaussian Copula model based on patients’ records’ characteristics. Three standard classification models, Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF), were used for classification. The average accuracies for all three models (LR, SVM and RF), given as “model accuracy-centre1: accuracy-centre2” were found to be: LR 64.26%:69.04%, SVM 67.35%:68.61%, and RF 58.67%:73.76% on real-world data, and LR 69.9%:72.29%, SVM 69.39%:70.13, and RF 68.88%:74.62 on synthetic data, respectively. The findings of this report show machine learning models trained on synthetic data performed better than models trained on real-world data. Our findings suggest synthetic data holds great promise for shows value to conduct clinical epidemiology and clinical trials that could devise better precision treatments and possibly reduce the burden of multimorbidity.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1055.v1

Mesh-Associated Pain Syndrome: Predictors for Continence and Prolapse Mesh Removal Surgery in a Single Centre

Sohier Elneil Elneil, Gayathri Delanerolle, Yutian Zeng, Deng Chunli, Ashish Shetty, Jian Shi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: continence mesh; prolapse mesh; comorbidity; surgery

Online: 15 May 2023 (15:27:07 CEST)

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Objective:Over the last two decades one of the main surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery was the insertion of non-absorbable mesh to restore continence and prolapse respectively. Over time complications arose including mesh-associated pain syndrome (MAPS), mesh exposure, mesh-erosion, chronic bladder/vaginal infections, and dyspareunia. Consequently, women chose surgical mesh removal to counter these problems. However, little is known about the demographics, medical co-morbidities, mesh types involved and the timing from mesh insertion to mesh removal. This retrospective study will look at which of these factors may be closely associated with mesh removal surgery.Design:Retrospective studySetting:Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) Clinic at University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.Population:All patients presenting to the FPMRS Clinic between June 2011 to December 2019, requesting mesh removal surgery with a history of MAPS and other mesh complications were included in this study. Methods:Patient demographics including age, ethnicity, obstetric history, and medical co-morbidities; type of mesh/anatomical route used; onset of symptoms; and time from insertion to removal were recorded. Main Outcome Measures:Determination of correlation coefficients between patient demographics, patient reported symptoms and mesh removal surgery. Results:Three hundred and forty-five women with a history of MAPS were included in the study. Women in the 40-60 year old cohort accounted for 54.4% of mesh removal surgery; 54.8% had a BMI under 30 and almost 90% were Caucasian. 96.5% had had children, with over 77% having had a vaginal delivery. 91.9% of patients reported other health conditions including 18.8% with a concomitant history of mental health problems and 15.4% with a history of heart disease. Over 80% of women undergoing mesh removal surgery had a continence mesh (49% retropubic and 32% obturator continence mesh) removed, whereas 20% had an abdominal prolapse and/or vaginal prolapse mesh removed. The average time from mesh insertion to mesh removal was seven years, with the prevalence of mesh removal surgery averaging 85% (range 50 - 100%) depending on the comorbidity determined. Conclusions:All women presented to the clinic with a history of MAPS and other comorbidities which may have influenced their decision to pursue mesh removal surgery. There were no specific predictors, other than chronic pain associated with mesh, determining which women underwent surgery, though those with continence mesh were more likely to do so.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1545.v1

The Process of Diagnosis and Treatment of Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and the Clinical Application of Physical Therapy

Dongmei Wei, Zheng Zheng, Xiaofang Liu, Zhong Lin, Qing Zhang, Hong Xu, Liqun Wang, Cai e Shen, Haiyan Li, Tao Xu, Ruijia Yang, Ye Lu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: pelvic floor dysfunction; physical therapy; non-surgical treatment; intelligent diagnosis and treatment

Online: 24 November 2023 (02:37:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0131.v1

POLARIS (Polybactum^® to Assess Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis): Open-label, Non-controlled, International Clinical Study with Extended 10-month Follow-up without Treatment

Filippo Murina, Paolo Inghirami, Marius Biriș, Daniela Sîrbu, Dionisio Franco Barattini, Luca Ivan Ardolino, Mario Mangrella, Elena Casolati, Serban Marius Roșu, Ciprian Crișan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: bacterial vaginosis; recurrent vaginitis; biofilm; polycarbophil

Online: 9 September 2022 (07:33:38 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0081.v1

Predictors of Tetanus Vaccine Uptake among Pregnant Women in Sudan: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Zienab A Ibrahim, Majdi Sabahelzain, Yasir Ahmed Mohammed Elhadi, Ombeva Oliver, Suad Babiker

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine; Vaccine Uptake; Tetanus; Pregnant Women; Sudan

Online: 6 March 2023 (02:27:52 CET)

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Tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccination during pregnancy has been proven as an effective preven-tive measure to reduce the incidence of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to assess the determinants of TT vaccine uptake among pregnant women in two public maternity specialized hospitals in Sudan. A hospi-tal-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two public hospitals, Omdurman Ma-ternity and AL-Saudi hospitals in Omdurman, Khartoum State in Sudan, from February to April 2020. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with receiving three or more doses of TT vaccine among pregnant women (protected against tetanus), presented as Odds ratios, with p-values <0.05 considered significant (at 95% confidence interval). The study recruited 350 pregnant women, with 313 participants in-cluded in the analysis. This study found that only 40% of the pregnant women received 3 doses or more (protected) of TT vaccine during their current pregnancy. Pregnant women who attended Al Saudi hospital were less likely to be protected against Tetanus (received ≥ 3 doses) compared to those who attended Omdurman hospital [OR= 0.49 (95%C.I 0.29-0.82), p-value <0.05]. Furthermore, the number of children at home was a significant predictor of mothers’ immunization status as those with five children or more were ten times more to be protected against tetanus [OR= 10.54 (95% C.I 4.30-25.86), p-value <0.05]. We conclude that this low rate of TT vaccine uptake found in this study among pregnant women increases the number of newborn babies susceptible to contracting neonatal tetanus. This study provides useful information that can inform the will increase in the probabilities of morbidities and mortalities that result from maternal and neonatal tetanus. The findings of this study should be considered in development of communication strategies targeting and prioritizing at-risk groups to increase TT vaccine uptake among pregnant women in Sudan.

Medicine and Pharmacology