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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0517.v1

Current Data and Future Perspectives on Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Cancer

Leonardo De Luca, Irma Bisceglia, Massimiliano Camilli, Maria Laura Canali, Raffaella Mistrulli, Federico Andreoli, Guido Giacalone, Domenico Gabrielli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atrial fibrillation; cancer; direct oral anticoagulants

Online: 7 June 2023 (08:36:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0476.v1

Diurnal Variation of and Optimal Time To Measure Holter-Based Late Potentials To Predict Lethal Arrhythmia After Myocardial In-Farction

Kenichi Hashimoto, Naomi Harada, Motohiro Kimata, Yusuke Kawamura, Naoya Fujita, Akinori Sekizawa, Yosuke Ono, Yasuhiro Obuchi, Tadateru Takayama, Yuji Kasamaki, Yuji Tanaka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Late potentials; signal-averaged electrocardiogrhy; heart rate variability; fatal arrhyrthmia; sudden cardiac death

Online: 7 June 2023 (03:30:57 CEST)

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Abstract: Background and Objectives: Holter-based late potentials (LPs) are useful for predicting lethal arrhythmias in organic cardiac diseases. Although Holter-based LPs exhibit diurnal varia-tion, no studies have evaluated the optimal timing of LP measurement over 24 h for predicting lethal arrhythmia that leads to sudden cardiac death. Thus, this study aimed to validate the most effective timing for Holter-based LP testing and to explore factors influencing diurnal variability of LP parameters. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 126 patients with post-myocardial infarction (MI) status and 60 control participants who underwent high-resolution Holter electrocardiography. Among the 126 post-MI patients, 23 developed sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) (the MI-VT group), while 103 did not (the MI-non-VT group) during the obser-vation period. Holter-based LPs were measured at 0:00, 4:00, 8:00, 12:00, 16:00, and 20:00, and heart rate variability analysis was simultaneously performed to investigate factors influencing diurnal variability of LP parameters. Results: Holter-based LP parameters showed diurnal variation with significant deterioration at night and improvement during the day. Assessment at the time with the longest duration of low-amplitude signals <40 μV in the filtered QRS complex terminus (LAS40) gave the highest receiver operating characteristics curve (area under the curve, 0.659) and the highest odds ratio (3.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.45–9.71; p=0.006) for predicting VT. In the multiple regression analysis, heart rate and noise were significant factors affecting LP parameters in the MI-VT and control groups. In the non-VT group, LP parameters were significantly influenced by noise and parasympathetic heart rate variability parameters such as logPNN50. Conclusions: For Holter-based LP measurements, test accuracy was higher when LP was measured at the time of the highest or worst value of LAS40. Changes in autonomic nervous system activity, including heart rate and noise levels, were factors influencing diurnal variability.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0467.v1

Diagnostic Role of Native T1 mapping Compared to Conventional Magnetic Resonance Techniques in Cardiac Disease in a Real-life Cohort

Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Silvia Monastero, Giancarlo Todiere, Andrea Barison, Carmelo De Gori, Crysanthos Grigoratos, Maria Luisa Parisella, Lorenzo Faggioni, Dania Cioni, Riccardo Lencioni, Emanuele Neri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: cardiac magnetic resonance; T1 mapping; Late gadolinium enhancement; T2-STIR

Online: 6 June 2023 (14:48:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0362.v1

Cardioprotective Potential of the Ethanol and Water Extracts of Four Psilocybin Mushrooms on Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertrophy and Oxidative Stress on H9C2 Cardiomyocytes

Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng, Christiaan Martin Steinmann, Jakobus Nicolaas Eloff

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: reactive oxygen species; angiotensin II; hypertrophy; psilocybin mushrooms; heart failure

Online: 6 June 2023 (03:07:37 CEST)

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Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms have antidepressant effect, however, their safety in cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure is not fully known and needs to be investigated. Cardiac hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for heart failure morbidity and mortality. Angiotensin II (Ang-II) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. We investigated the cardiovascular safety of extracts of Panaeolus cyanescens, Psilocybe natalensis, Psilocybe cubensis, and Psilocybe cubensis leucistic A+ strain mushrooms, well-known psilocybin-containing mushrooms in the Panaeolus and Psilocybe genus on Ang II-induced hypertrophy oxidative stress. The four mushrooms were grown, dried and extracted with 70% ethanol, cold and hot water. Extracts were tested for cytotoxicity on H9C2 cardiomyoblast cells. The cardiomyocytes were induced with (10 µM) AngII and treated with the three extracts of the four mushrooms over 48 hours. Control cells were serum starved but neither AngII induced nor treated while AngII cells were serum starved and stimulated with AngII but not treated. Losartan, an inhibitor of AngII type 1 receptor was used as positive control. Effects of the extracts on actin-filament labelling and cell surface area, mitochondrial activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and atrial natriuretic peptide levels were determined. Stimulation with AngII lowered cell viability, increased the cell width measurements and intracellular ROS levels significantly compared to control cells. The results indicated that the ethanol and water extracts of the four psilocybin mushrooms did not exacerbate the angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy conditions, but the extracts had cardio-protective activity against angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts confirmed detections of known compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the water and ethanol extracts of these four psilocybin mushrooms.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0358.v1

Systemic Cytokine Response During the Extracorporeal Circulation in Patients with Myocardial Revascularization

Dragan Milic, Milan Lazarević, Zorica Lazarevic, Mladjan Golubovic, Velimir Peric, Pavle Marjanovic, Vesna Marjanovic, Sasa Zivic, Isidora Milic, Aleksandar Kamenov, Vladimir Stojilkovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: SIRS; cardiac surgery; cytokines; extracorporeal circulation

Online: 6 June 2023 (02:27:43 CEST)

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Revascularization of the myocardium under conditions of extracorporeal circulation cause clinical problems related to the effects of the intervention itself on the immune system and inflammatory response, especially systemic inflammatory response (Engl. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, SIRS). This prospective study included 100 patients who underwent single, double and triple surgical revascularization of the myocardium, at the Clinic for Cardiac Surgery of CC Niš, in the period from January 15., 2020. until January 15., 2021. 22 female persons - 22.0% and 78 male persons - 78.0%) were included. Preoperatively, as well as 8 hours after the surgical intervention, the following parameters were determined for the subjects: blood count (erythrocyte count - Rbc, hemoglobin - Hgb, hematocrit - Hct, leukocyte count - Wbc, platelet count - Plt) and CRP, soluble CD14 molecule (sCD 14) - presepsin, levels of the following cytokines: TNFα, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 p70 and IFN γ. Patients in whom the extracorporeal circulation method was applied had, postoperatively, a higher concentration of CRP (p<0.001), as well as a concentration of presepsin (p<0.05) - a greater number of patients had a concentration of presepsin above the limit of 600 pg/ mL (p<0.01). Four patients out of 51 (7.84%) in the ECB group had elevated presepsin values over 1000 pg/ml and high risk according to clinical criteria for the development of systemic bacterial infection and sepsis. No such patients were recorded in the off pump group. Also, in the group where the extracorporeal blood flow system was applied, 17.64% of patients (9/51) met the clinical criteria for SIRS with elevated presepsin values over 600 pg/mL, while in the other group of patients, 2 out of 49 (4.08%) met the clinical criteria and laboratory criteria for SIRS. Except for TNFa, the levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 showed an increase after the intervention in all groups compared to the preoperative period (p<0.01). However, comparing the degree of cytokine increase in the postoperative period between the control (off pump) and the extracorporeal blood flow group did not show a statistical difference (IL-2; p=0.881, IL-1; p=0.709, IL-6; p=0.911, IL- 10, p=0.179). In the postoperative period, a higher incidence rate of SIRS was noted in patients in whom the ECB system was used, which also indicates its importance in the development of systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0329.v1

Arrhythmias after COVID-19 Vaccination: Have We Left All Stones Unturned?

Nino Cocco, Gregor Leibundgut, Francesco Pelliccia, Valeria Cammalleri, Annunziata Nusca, Fabio Mangiacapra, Giulio Cocco, Valerio Fanale, Gian Paolo Ussia, Francesco Grigioni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine side effect; vaccines and Heart rhythm disorders; Spike Protein and cardiac arrhythmias; ACE system and heart conduction; Angiotensin II and cardiac arrhythmias

Online: 5 June 2023 (13:40:58 CEST)

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-529391451442Citation: To be added by editorial staff during production. Academic Editor: Firstname Lastname Received: date Revised: date Accepted: date Published: date Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Submitted for possible open access publication under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).0Citation: To be added by editorial staff during production. Academic Editor: Firstname Lastname Received: date Revised: date Accepted: date Published: date Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Submitted for possible open access publication under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination offered the opportunity to get out of the pandemic and thereby worldwide health, social, and economic disasters. However, in addition to efficacy, safety is an important issue for any vaccine. The mRNA-based vaccine platform is considered to be safe but side effects are being reported more frequently as more and more people around the world become treated. Myo-pericarditis is the major, but not the only cardiovascular complication of this vaccine, hence it is important not to underestimate other side effects. We report a case series of patients affected by cardiac arrhythmias post mRNA vaccine from our clinical practice and the literature. Reviewing the official vigilance database emerged that heart rhythm disorders after Covid vaccination are not uncommon and deserve more clinical and scientific attention. Since Covid vaccine is the only vaccination to have been related to this side effect questions arose about whether these vaccines could affect heart conduction. Although the risk-benefit is clearly in favor of vaccination heart rhythm disorders are not a negligible issue and there are red flags in the literature about the risk of post-vaccination malignant arrhythmias in some predisposed patients. In light of these findings, we investigated the potential mechanism for the Covid vaccine to impact on cardiac electrophysiology and cause heart rhythm disorders.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0321.v1

Right Ventricle Assessment before Tricuspid Valve Interventions

Angelica Cersosimo, Mara Gavazzoni, Riccardo Maria Inciardi, Marianna Adamo, Gianmarco Arabia, Marco Metra, Riccardo Raddino, Enrico Vizzardi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: right ventricular; tricuspid valve; tricuspid regurgitation; right ventricular remodeling

Online: 5 June 2023 (13:10:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0275.v1

Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on Angioplasty Service and Outcome of Patients Treated for Critical Limb Ischaemia: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study

Alexander D. Rodway, Jenny Harris, Lydia Hanna, Charlotte Allan, Felipe Pazos-Casal, Ciara Giltinan, Ali Dehghan-Nayeri, Andre Santos, Martin B. Whyte, Nikolaos Ntagiantas, Ivan Walton, Richard Brown, Simon S. Skene, Ajay Pankhania, Benjamin C.T. Field, Gary D. Maytham, Christian Heiss

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: day-case angioplasty; critical limb ischaemia; peripheral artery disease

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:37:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0178.v2

3D Bioprinting in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Future Directions

Zhonghua Sun, Jack Zhao, Emily Leung, Maria Flandes-Iparraguirre, Michael Vernon, Jenna Silberstein, Elena M. De-Juan-Pardo, Shirley Jansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: 3D bioprinting; cardiovascular disease; cells; tissues; 3D printing

Online: 5 June 2023 (05:05:36 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0239.v1

Optimal Evaluation of Left Ventricular Hypertrophic Phenotype Using Parametric CMR Mapping and Genetic Testing

Andrés Felipe Barragán-Amado, Jaime A Parra, María C Manzur, Julian A Gelves-Meza, Claudia P Jaimes, María F Tamayo, Héctor M Medina, María Juliana Rodríguez-González

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Cardiomyopathy; Genetic disorders; Cardiovascular Imagen

Online: 5 June 2023 (05:02:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0184.v1

Minimally Invasive Surgery: Standard of Care for Mitral Valve Endocarditis

Cristina Barbero, Marco Pocar, Dario Brenna, Barbara Parrella, Sara Baldarelli, Valentina Aloi, Andrea Costamagna, Anna Chiara Trompeo, Alessandro Vairo, Gianluca Alunni, Stefano Salizzoni, Mauro Rinaldi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: mitral valve,; infective endocarditis; minimally invasice cardiac surgery; mini-thoracotomy; cardiac reoperation; prosthetic valve endocarditis; systemic embolization

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:32:03 CEST)

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Background. Minimally invasive surgery via right mini-thoracotomy has become the standard of care for the treatment of mitral valve disease worldwide, particularly at high volume centers. In recent years, the spectrum of indications has progressively shifted and extended to fragile and higher risk patients, also addressing more complex mitral valve disease and ultimately including patients with native or prosthetic infective endocarditis. The rationale for the adoption of the minimally invasive approach is to minimize the surgical trauma, promote an earlier postoperative recovery and reduce the incidence of surgical wound infection and other nosocomial infections. The aim of this retrospective observational study is to evaluate the effectiveness and the early and late outcome in patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery for mitral valve infective endocarditis. Methods. Prospectically collected data regarding minimally invasive surgery in patients with mitral valve infective endocarditis were entered into a dedicated database for the period between January 2007 and December 2022 and retrospectively analyzed. All comers during the study period underwent a preoperative evaluation based upon clinical history and anatomy for the allocation to the most appropriate surgical strategy. Selection for the mini-thoracotomy approach was primarily driven by a thorough transthoracic and especially transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation, coupled with total body and vascular imaging. Results. During the study period, 92 patients underwent right mini-thoracotomy to treat native (80/92, 87%) or prosthetic (12/92, 13%) mitral valve endocarditis at our institution, representing 5% of the patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral surgery. Twenty-six (28%) patients had undergone previous cardiac operations, whereas 18 (20%) presented preoperatively with complications related to endocarditis, most commonly systemic embolization. Sixty-nine and 23 patients, respectively, underwent early surgery (75%) or were operated on after the completion of targeted antibiotic treatment (25%). A conservative procedure was feasible in 16/80 (20%) patients with native valve endocarditis. Conversion to standard sternotomy was necessary in a single case (1.1%). No cases of intraoperative iatrogenic aortic dissection were reported. Four patients died perioperatively, accounting for a thirty-day mortality of 4.4%. Causes of death were refractory heart or multiorgan failure and/or septic shock. New onset stroke was observed postoperatively in one case (1.1%). Overall actuarial survival rate at 1 and 5 years after operation was 90.8% and 80.4%, whereas freedom from mitral valve reoperation at 1 and 5 years was 96.3% and 93.2%, respectively. Conclusions. The present study shows good early and long-term results in higher-risk patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery for mitral valve infective endocarditis. Total body, vascular and echocardiographic screening represent the key points to select the optimal approach and allow the extension of indications for minimally invasive surgery to sicker patients, including active endocarditis and sepsis.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0178.v1

3D Bioprinting in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Future Directions

Zhonghua Sun Sun, Jack Zhao, Emily Leung, Maria Flandes-Iparraguirre, Michael Vernon Vernon, Jenna Silberstein, Elena M. De-Juan-Pardo, Shirley Jansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: 3D bioprinting; cardiovascular disease; cells; tissues; 3D printing

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:17:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0175.v1

Prognostic Impact of Non-cardiac Comorbidities on Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction Following Acute Myocardial Infarction

Lidija Savić, Igor Mrdovic, Milika Asanin, Sanja Stankovic, Ratko Lasica, Matić Dragan, Damjan Simic, Gordana Krljanac

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: non-cardiac comorbidities; ejection fraction; myocardial infarction; prognosis

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:00:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0111.v1

The Concentration of PCSK9-Lp(a) Complexes and the Level of Blood Monocytes in Males with Coronary Atherosclerosis

Anastasiia Yu. Filatova, Olga I. Afanasieva, Tatiana I. Arefieva, Alexandra V. Potekhina, Alexandra V. Tyurina, Elena A. Klesareva, Oksana A. Razova, Marat V. Ezhov, Sergey N. Pokrovsky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: lipoprotein(a); PCSK9; PCSK9-Lp(a); monocytes; atherosclerosis

Online: 2 June 2023 (01:56:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0099.v1

Association of Serum Oxysterols with Cholesterol Metabolism Markers and Clinical Factors in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Covariance Structure Analysis

Yusuke Akiyama, Shunsuke Katsuki, Tetsuya Matoba, Yasuhiro Nakano, Susumu Takase, Soichi Nakashiro, Mitsutaka Yamamoto, Yasushi Mukai, Shujiro Inoue, Keiji Oi, Taiki Higo, Masao Takemoto, Nobuhiro Suematsu, Kenichi Eshima, Kenji Miyata, Makoto Usui, Kenji Sadamatsu, Toshiaki Kadokami, Kiyoshi Hironaga, Ikuyo Ichi, Koji Todaka, Junji Kishimoto, Hiroyuki Tsutsui

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: oxysterol; cardiovascular disease; cholesterol metabolism

Online: 1 June 2023 (13:57:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0014.v1

Empagliflozin Reduces Interleukin-6 Levels in Patients With Heart Failure

Michael Gotzmann, Pauline Henk, Ulrik Stervbo, Arturo Blázquez-Navarro, Andreas Mügge, Nina Babel, Timm H. Westhoff

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: SGLT2 inhibition; empagliflozin; heart failure; interleukin 6

Online: 1 June 2023 (03:33:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2249.v1

Assessment and Therapeutic Modulation of Heart Rate Variability: Potential Implications in Patients with COVID-19

Luiz G. Schnekenberg, Annahita Sedghi, Daniela Schöne, Lars-Peder Pallesen, Jessica Barlinn, Felix Woitek, Axel Linke, Volker Puetz, Kristian Barlinn, Norman Mangner, Timo Siepmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; heart rate variability; cardiac; cardiovascular; parasympathetic; sympathetic; autonomic

Online: 31 May 2023 (12:55:32 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2169.v1

A Rare Case of Cervical Cancer Metastasis to the Heart

Amer Muhyieddeen, Sujana Balla, Oune Rasheed, Avinash Sharma, John Ambrose, Siri Kunchakara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Cardiac Metastasis; Cardio-oncology; Cardiac Disease; Acute myocardial infarction; Cardiology

Online: 31 May 2023 (04:04:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2019.v1

Prognostic Impact of Guidelines-oriented Age Cut-off in Intermediate-to-low Risk Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in a Large Real-world Multicenter Registry

Stefano Benenati, Francesco Gallo, Won-keun Kim, Arif A Khokhar, Tobias Zeus, Stefan Toggweiler, Roberto Galea, Federico De Marco, Antonio Mangieri, Damiano Regazzoli, Bernhard Reimers, Luis Nombela-Franco, Marco Barbanti, Ander Regueiro, Tommaso Piva, Josep Rodes-Cabau, Italo Porto, Antonio Colombo, Francesco Giannini, Alessandro Sticchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: aortic stenosis; transcatheter aortic valve replacement; age; surgical risk; low-intermediate risk

Online: 29 May 2023 (14:36:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1963.v1

Respiratory Muscle Function and Submaximal Exercise Performance in Adult Patients With Fontan Circulation

Raquel Ladron-Abia, Pilar Cejudo, Israel Valverde, Rocio Camacho, Amadeo Jose Wals-Rodriguez, Maria-Jose Rodriguez-Puras, Begoña Manso-García, Pastora Gallego

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Adult Fontan patients: exercise capacity; oxygen uptake efficiency slope; lung function; inspiratory muscle weakness.

Online: 29 May 2023 (04:35:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1811.v1

Aortic Dilatation on the Edge of Dissection – Do We Operate Too Late? The Ratio between Ascending and Descending Aorta DiameteR (RADAR)

Nerea Lopez Perez, Philippe Reymond, Mustafa Cikirikcioglu, Mathieu Van Steenberghe, Tornike Sologashvili, Nicolas Murith, Thomas Perneger, Christoph Huber

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: cardiac surgery; ascending aorta dissection, ascending aorta aneurysm

Online: 25 May 2023 (13:00:28 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1778.v1

First Description of a Mixed Brugada Pattern in Inferior Leads

Alejandro Jesús Bermejo Valdés, Sara Iglesias Gutiérrez, Basilio Teja Ruiz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Brugada Syndrome; channelopathy; arrhythmias

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:56:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1666.v1

Minimal Access Coronary Revascularization: Past, Present and Future

Rushmi Purmessur, Jason Ali

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: minimal access; coronary artery; revascularisation; MIDCAB; TECAB; HCR

Online: 24 May 2023 (02:04:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1639.v1

Hydrogen Sulfide Ameliorates SARS-CoV-2–Associated Lung Endothelial Barrier Disruption

Olivier Escaffre, Peter Szaniszlo, Gabor Törő, Caitlyn L. Villas, Brenna J. Servantes, Ernesto Lopez, Terry L. Juelich, Corri B. Levine, Susan L. F. McLellan, Jessica C. Cardenas, Alexander N. Freiberg, Katalin Módis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: endothelial barrier; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; hydrogen sulfide; cytokine; TNF-α

Online: 23 May 2023 (10:31:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1559.v1

Educational Intervention Effects on Depression and Anxiety in Patients After Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Lazzat M. Zhamaliyeva, Damira G. Zhamankulova, Nurgul A. Abenova, Gulbakit K. Koshmaganbetova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: anxiety; cardiac rehabilitation; depression; medical education; primary care

Online: 23 May 2023 (04:16:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1516.v1

Association Between Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Vascular Biomarkers in Primary Prevention

Michaela Kozakova, Carmela Morizzo, Giuli Jamagidze, Daniele Della Latta, Sara Chiappino, Dante Chiappino, Carlo Palombo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: lipid-lowering treatment; primary prevention; coronary calcium; intima-media thickness; arterial stiffness; carotid artery; femoral artery

Online: 22 May 2023 (11:19:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1398.v1

Asymptomatic Pulmonary Embolism in Cancer Patients About a Serial of 12 cases

Hamid Channane, Selim Atay, Andreea Maria Sandica, Iurii Snopok, Richard Viebahn

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Pulmonary embolism; asymptomatic; cancer; chemotherapy

Online: 19 May 2023 (07:51:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1365.v1

Lipid-Associated GWAS Loci Predict Antiatherogenic Effects of Rosuvastatin in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Stanislav Kononov, Iuliia Azarova, Elena Klyosova, Marina Bykanova, Mikhail Churnosov, Maria Solodilova, Alexey Polonikov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: coronary artery disease; plasma lipids; carotid intima-media thickness; pharmacogenetics; personalized medicine; single nucleotide polymorphisms; lipid-lowering therapy; rosuvastatin.

Online: 19 May 2023 (03:26:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1335.v1

Improved Posttransplant Outcomes with HTK-Custodial When Compared to St. Thomas Solution for Preservation of the Cardiac Allograft

Filip Dulguerov, Tamila Abdurashidova, Emeline Christophel-Plathier¹, Barbara Pitta-Gros, Anna Nowacka, Ziyad Gunga, Raymond Pfister, Mario Verdugo-Marchese, Valentina Rancati, Lars Niclauss, Piergiorgio Tozzi, Albert Adelin, Zied Ltaief, Samuel Rotman, Philippe Meyer, Roger Hullin, Matthias Kirsch

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Heart Transplantation; Cardiac Preservation Solutions; Inotropic Score; Early Results; Mid-term Results

Online: 18 May 2023 (10:50:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1269.v1

Immediate and Medium-Term Results of Aortic Valve Replacement With Biological Prosthesis in Elderly Patients: One Center’s Experience

Bakytbek Kadyraliev, Vyacheslav Belov, Andrey Marchenko, Vagram Arutunyan, Soslan Engioev, Konstantin Zhigalov, Orhan Musaev, Nurslu Kdralieva, Alex G. Kuchumov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: aortic valve; bioprosthesis; surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR)

Online: 18 May 2023 (05:06:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1242.v1

Undernutrition Modifies the Antihypertensive and Metabolic Responses of Rostafuroxin in Male Rats: Outcomes on Bodily Na⁺ Handling and Renal Na⁺-transporting ATPases

Amaury Pereira-Acácio, João P.M. Veloso-Santos, João P.M. Veloso-Santos, Glória Costa-Sarmento, Humberto Muzi-Filho, Adalberto Vieyra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: rostafuroxin; arterial hypertension; chronic undernutrition; Regional Basic Diet; sodium and water balance; renal Na+-transporting ATPases

Online: 17 May 2023 (10:58:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1170.v1

Autopsy for Medical Diagnostics of Sudden Unexpected Death: Cardiac Conduction System Findings

Giulia Ottaviani, Simone G. Ramos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: autopsy; post-mortem investigation; sudden unexpected death; sudden infant death syndrome; sudden intrauterine unexpected death; cardiac conduction system.

Online: 17 May 2023 (02:39:12 CEST)

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Sudden unexpected death (SUD) is a fatal event that occurs in an apparently healthy subject so that such an abrupt outcome could have not been predicted. SUD - including sudden intrauterine unexplained death (SIUD), sudden neonatal unexpected death (SNUD), sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), sudden unexpected death of the young (SUDY), sudden unexpected death in the adult (SUDA) - occurs as the first manifestation of an unknown underlying disease or within a few hours of presentation of a disease. SUD is a major unsolved, shocking form of death that occurs frequently and can happen at any time without warning. For each case of SUD, a review of clinical history data and performance of a complete autopsy, particularly focused on the study of the cardiac conduction system were carried out according to the necropsy protocol devised by the Lino Rossi Research Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy. Research cases are represented by 75 SUD victims, subdivided into 15 SIUD, 15 SNUD, 15 SUDY, and 15 SUDA victims, collected and selected for this study. After the routine autopsy and clinical history analysis, the death remained unexplained and hence a diagnosis of SUD was assigned to the 75. subjects, which included45 females (60%) and 30 (40%) males, ranging in age from 27 gestational weeks to 76 years. Serial sections of the cardiac conduction system disclosed frequent congenital alterations, of the cardiac conduction system in fetuses and infants. An age-related significant difference in distribution among the 5 age-related groups was detected for the following anomalies of the conduction system: central fibrous body (CFB) islands of conduction tissue, fetal dispersion, resorptive degeneration, Mahaim fiber, CFB cartilaginous meta-hyperplasia, His bundle septation, sino-atrial node (SAN) artery fibromuscular thickening, atrio-ventricular junction hypoplasia, intramural right bundle branch, and SAN hypoplasia. The results data are useful to understand the cause of death for all SUD cases that were unexpected and would have otherwise remained unexplained, so to motivate medical examiners and pathologists to perform more in-depth studies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1056.v1

Impact on Accessibility to Care and Outcomes of a Clinician-to-Clinician Electronic Consultation Program in Heart Failure Patients with Previous Hospital Admissions: Implications for Heart Failure Care

David García-Vega, Pilar Mazon-Ramos, Manuel Portela-Romero, Moisés Rodríguez-Mañero, Daniel Rey-Aldana, Manuela Sestayo-Fernandez, Sergio Cinza-Sanjurjo, Jose Ramon González-Juanatey

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: heart failure; hospitalization; cardiovascular outcomes; electronic consultation

Online: 15 May 2023 (15:30:16 CEST)

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(1) Objectives. Patients with heart failure (HF) who experience hospitalizations for worsening HF (HFH) are at high risk of subsequent events. We aimed to evaluate the impact of an outpatient care management program that includes a clinician-to-clinician e-consultation using an integrated electronic medical record in a healthcare area with a widely dispersed population on delay time in care, hospital admissions, and mortality in a high-risk group of patients with HF and previous episodes of HFH. (2) Methods. We selected 6,444 HF patients who visited the cardiology service at least once between 2010 and 2021. Of these, 4,851 were attended in e-consult, and 2,008 in one-time in-person consultations. In 2,230 HF patients, there was documentation of a previous episode of HFH. Using an interrupted time series regression model, we analysed the impact of incorporating e-consult into the health care model in the group of patients with HFH and evaluated the elapsed time to cardiology care, heart failure (HF), cardiovascular (CV), and all-cause hospital admissions and mortality, calculating the incidence relative risk (iRR). (3) Results. In the group of patients with previous HF hospitalizations, the introduction of e-consult substantially decreased waiting times to cardiology care. The time elapsed to care after e-consult implementation was significantly reduced compared with the previous in-person period (8.6 [8.7] vs 55.4 [79.9] days, p<0.001). In that group of patients, after e-consult implantation, hospital admissions for HF were reduced (iRR [CI95%]: 0,837 [0,840-0,833]), 0,900 [0,862-0,949] for CV and 0,699 [0,678-0,726] for all-cause hospitalizations. There was also lower mortality (iRR [CI95%]: 0.715 [0.657-0.798] due to HF, 0,737 [0.764-0.706] for CV and 0,687 [0.652-0,718] for all-cause). The improved outcomes after e-consultation implementation were significantly higher in the group of patients with previous HFH and were independent of the patient’s clinical characteristics managed during the in-person or e-consultation periods. (4) Conclusions. In HF patients with previous HFH, an outpatient care program that includes an e-consult significantly reduced waiting times to cardiology care and was safe, with a lower rate of hospital admissions and mortality in the first year.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0868.v1

Minimal Access Aortic Valve Surgery

Bilal H Kirmani, Enoch Akowuah

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: minimally invasive; aortic valve; surgery

Online: 11 May 2023 (14:00:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0784.v1

Clinical, Genetic, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Ar-Rhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Associated With the Pathogenic Founder Variant NP_00454563.2 (p.Glu259Glyfs*77) in Gene PKP2

Ainhoa Robles-Mezcua, Amalio Ruiz-Salas, Carmen Medina-Palomo, María Robles-Mezcua, Arancha Díaz-Expósito, María Victoria Ortega-Jiménez, Juan Ramón Gimeno-Blanes, Manuel Jiménez-Navarro, José Manuel García-Pinilla

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy; PKP2; Founder pathogenic variant; Arrhythmic events; Heart Failure

Online: 11 May 2023 (04:38:37 CEST)

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Introduction and objectives: arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary heart disease defined by the progressive replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibroadipose tissue, which can act as a substrate for arrhythmias, sudden death, or even give rise to heart failure (HF). Sudden death is frequently the first manifestation of the disease, particularly among young patients. The aim of this study is to describe a new pathogenic variant in the PKP2 gene. Methods: A descriptive observational study that included 8 initially non-interrelated families with a diagnosis of ACM undergoing follow-up at our HF and Familial Cardiomyopathies Unit, who were carriers of the NM_004572.3:c.775_776insG; p. (Glu259Glyfs*77) variant in PKP2 gene. The genetic testing employed next-generation sequencing for the index cases, and the Sanger method for the targeted study with family members. We compiled personal and family histories, demographic and clinical characteristics, data from the additional tests at the time of diagnosis, and arrhythmic events at diagnosis and during follow-up. Results: We included 47 subjects, of whom 8 were index cases (17%). Among the evaluated family members, 16 (34%) were carriers of the genetic variant, 3 of whom also had a diagnosis of ACM. The majority were women (26 patients; 55.3%), with a mean age on diagnosis of 48.9 ± 18.6 years, and a median follow-up of 39 [24-59] months. Worthy of note are the high incidence of arrhythmic events as the form of presentation and in follow-up (21.5% and 20.9% respectively), and the onset of HF in 25% of the sample. The most frequent ventricular involvements were right (4 patients 16.7%) and biventricular (4 patients 16.7%); we found no statistical differences in any of the variables analysed. Conclusions: This variant is a pathogenic variant of gene PKP2 that has not previously been described and is not present in the control groups associated with ACM. It has incomplete penetrance, a highly variable phenotypic expressivity, and was identified in 8 families of our geographical area in Malaga (Andalusia, Spain), where we can establish a founder effect and describe the clinical and risk characteristics.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0712.v1

Scaffold and Cell-Based Tissue Engineering Approaches as Alternative Therapy for Blood Vessel Disease

Salha Sassi, Tatsuya Watanabe, Toshiharu Shinoka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: scaffold; cell therapy; tissue-engineered vascular graft; clinical translation of tissue-engineered vascular grafts

Online: 10 May 2023 (08:35:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0532.v1

Leukotrienes E4 and B4 and Vascular Endothelium – New Insight into the Link between Vascular Inflammation and Peripheral Arterial Disease and Its Complications

Agnieszka Wachsmann-Maga, Aleksandra Włodarczyk, Mikołaj Maga, Krzysztof Batko, Katarzyna Bogucka, Maria Kapusta, Piotr Terlecki, Paweł Maga

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: endothelium; leukotrienes; vascular inflammation; peripheral arterial disease

Online: 8 May 2023 (11:05:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0459.v1

A Novel Approach to Treat Peripheral Artery Disease

Arnon Blum

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: PAD; CLI; Stem cells therapy; endovascular device

Online: 8 May 2023 (05:38:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0387.v1

Improvement of Left Atrial Function after Twelve-Weeks of Supervised Concurrent Training in Patients with Heart Failure with Mid-Range Ejection Fraction: A Pilot Study

Giuseppe Caminiti, Ferdinando Iellamo, Marco Alfonso Perrone, Valentino D'Antoni, Alessandro Gismondi, Giuseppe Marazzi, Sara Vadala, Deborah Di Biasio, Vincenzo Manzi, Maurizio Volterrani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: concurrent training; heart failure; left atrial dysfunction

Online: 6 May 2023 (07:51:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0354.v1

ECG-Gated CCTA in the Assessment of Post-procedural Complications

Carlo Liguori, Giulia Lassandro, Giovanni Ferrandino, Stefano Giusto Picchi, Stefania Tamburrini, Gabriella Toro, Fabio Tamburro, Salvatore Masala, Mariano Scaglione

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: CCTA; cardiac CT; Coronary artery disease; CAD; Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography; Transcatheter aortic valve implantation; TAVI; Pacemaker; PMK; Percutaneous coronary intervention; PCI

Online: 5 May 2023 (10:42:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0209.v1

Focus on the Most Common Paucisymptomatic Vasculopathic Population, from Diagnosis to Secondary Prevention of Complications

Eugenio Martelli, Iolanda Enea, Matilde Zamboni, Massimo Federici, Umberto M. Bracale, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Allegra R. Martelli, Teresa Messina, Alberto M. Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: diagnosis; secondary prevention; complications; abdominal aortic aneurysm; carotid stenosis; lower extremity arterial disease; popliteal artery aneurysm; renal artery stenosis; subclavian artery stenosis

Online: 4 May 2023 (07:21:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0090.v1

A Two-Species Finite Volume Scalar Model for Modelling the Diffusion of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) into a Coronary Arterial Wall from a Single Half-Embedded Drug Eluting Stent Strut

Rodward L. Hewlin, Maegan Edwards, John P. Kizito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: arterial vessel; bound drug; DamKöhler number; diffusivity; finite volume; free drug; internalized drug; stent; Pecklet number; poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); porosity; scalar; species; tortuosity; transport

Online: 3 May 2023 (03:14:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0023.v1

Impact of Blood Flow Restricted Training on Arterial Functions and Angiogenesis: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis

Mikołaj Maga, Agnieszka Wachsmann-Maga, Krzysztof Batko, Aleksandra Włodarczyk, Paulina Kłapacz, Jakub Krężel, Natalia Szopa, Agnieszka Śliwka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: blood flow restricted training; vascular functions; angiogenesis; endothelium

Online: 1 May 2023 (10:39:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1112.v1

Balloon Dilatation in the Management of Congenital Obstructive Lesions of the Heart: Review of Author’s Experiences and Observations – Part II

P. Syamasundar Rao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: pulmonary stenosis; aortic stenosis; aortic coarctation; balloon valvuloplasty; balloon angioplasty; infundibular stenosis; right ventricular filling; aortic remodeling

Online: 28 April 2023 (04:48:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1076.v1

Motion Artifacts Reduction for Noninvasive Hemodynamic Monitoring of Conscious Patients using Electrical Impedance Tomography

Thi Hang Dang, Geukyung Jang, Kyonghun Lee, Tong In Oh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Electrical Impedance Tomography; Motion Artifact Detection; Heart Rate; Cardiac Output; Hemodialysis; Source Consistency

Online: 27 April 2023 (10:54:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1019.v1

Host-Bacterium Interaction Mechanisms in Staphylococcus Aureus Endocarditis: A Systematic Review

Francesco Nappi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Staphylococcus Aureus Infection, Staphylococcus Aureus Immunity, Staphylococcus Aureus Cytotoxin, Biofilm resistance. Host innate immunity.

Online: 27 April 2023 (03:47:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0882.v1

Molecular Pathways Disturbances during COVID-19 Lead to Cardiomyocyte Necroptosis

Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian, Mohammad Soleimani, Navid Farahmandian, Seyed-Mohamad-Sadegh Mirahmadi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: COVID-19; Necroptosis; NFAT; NO; TNF-α; NF-κB

Online: 25 April 2023 (04:06:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0772.v1

Current Insights into Renal Resistive Index Significance in Kidney and Cardiovascular Disease

Roxana Darabont, Diana Mihalcea, Dragos Vinereanu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: renal resistive index, acute and chronic kidney disease, arterial stiffness, cardiovascular disease

Online: 23 April 2023 (04:46:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0747.v1

Surgical Strategy for Repair of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: A Multicenter Study

Francesco Nappi, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh, Ivancarmine Gambardella, Alzamil Almothana, Antonio Salsano, Francesco Santini, Fausto Biancari, Thibaut Schoell, Nicolas Bonnet, Thierry Folliguet, Antonio Fiore

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Type A Acute Aortic dissection; ascending aorta replacement; aortic arch repair; total arch replacement procedure; cerebrovascular perfusion

Online: 23 April 2023 (03:37:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0738.v1

Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 in Heart Failure: Current Evidence in Special Populations

Gassan Moady, Tuvia Ben Gal, Shaul Atar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Heart failure; Sodium-glucose co-transporter; diabetes; cardiovascular outcomes.

Online: 23 April 2023 (03:13:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0704.v1

The Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Hypertensive Emergency

Mohammed Abdullahi Talle, Anton F Doubell, Pieter-Paul S Robbertse, Sa'ad Lahri, Philip G Herbst

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Hypertensive emergency; diagnosis; lactate dehydrogenase; high sensitivity cardiac troponin T; brain natriuretic peptide; area under the curve

Online: 21 April 2023 (09:35:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0649.v1

Evidence of Global Warming: A Meta-Analysis of Temperature Management in Aortic Arch Surgery

Florian Huber, Bruno Schachner, Jessica Zofia Gottsberger, Peter Benedikt, Andreas Florian Zierer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: hypothermia; hypothermic circulatory arrest,; aortic surgery; aortic aneurysm

Online: 20 April 2023 (10:25:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0535.v1

Circulating Anti-GB3 Antibody as Biomarker of Myocardial Inflammation in Patients with Fabry Disease Cardiomyopathy

Andrea Frustaci, Romina Verardo, Michele Magnocavallo, Rossella Scialla, Luigi Sansone, Matteo Antonio Russo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Fabry Disease, Myocarditis, globotriaosylceramide, inflammation, cardiac biopsy.

Online: 19 April 2023 (04:01:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0422.v1

Assessment and management of Heart Failure in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Andrea Igoren Guaricci, Francesca Sturdà, Roberto Russo, Paolo Basile, Andrea Baggiano, Saima Mushtaq, Laura Fusini, Fabio Fazzari, Fulvio Bertrandino, Francesco Monitillo, Maria Cristina Carella, Marco Simonini, Gianluca Pontone, Marco Matteo Ciccone, Giuseppe Grandaliano, Giuseppe Vezzoli, Francesco Pesce

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: heart failure; kidney disease; multidisciplinary assessment; personalized treatment

Online: 17 April 2023 (07:27:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0292.v1

Blood Pressure Correlates with Serum Leptin and Body Mass index in Overweight Male Saudi Students

Shalan Alaamri, Abdulhalim S. Serafi, Zahir Hussain, Munira M. Alrooqi, Mohammed A. Bafail, Sumera Sohail

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure; serum leptin; body mass index; normal and overweight male students

Online: 13 April 2023 (03:41:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0114.v1

Genetic Determinants of Atherogenic Indexes

Tomas Texis, Susana Rivera-Mancia, Eloisa Colin-Ramirez, Raul Cartas-Rosado, David Koepsell, Kenneth Rubio-Carrasco, Mauricio Rodriguez-Dorantes, Vanessa Gonzalez-Covarrubias

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Dyslipidemia; atherogenic indexes; genetic associations

Online: 7 April 2023 (05:24:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0028.v1

A 24h Change and Reactivity in Heart Rate Variability During Games May Predict Excessive Internet Gaming : Weak Top-Down Control Among Young Students

Yasuki Ono, Motonobu Ogura, Kazuhiko Nakamura, Mitsuru Kikuchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: excessive Internet gaming; heart rate variability; high frequency; impulsivity, young male adults

Online: 3 April 2023 (13:46:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0416.v1

Long-Term Outcomes after Transcatheter Mitral Valve-In-Valve or Valve-In-Ring Procedures

Manuel Wilbring, Asen Petrov, Sebastian Arzt, Julia Patricia Eiselt, Ali Taghizadeh-Waghefi, Klaus Matschke, Utz Kappert, Konstantin Alexiou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Transcatheter mitral; valve-in-valve; valve-in-ring

Online: 23 March 2023 (13:45:06 CET)

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Background: Redo mitral valve surgery is the standard of care for failed mitral bioprostheses or recurrence of mitral regurgitation after repair. Nonetheless, catheterbased valve-in-valve (ViV) or valve-in-ring (ViR)-procedures increasingly become viable alternatives in high risk subpopula-tions. Despite reported good initial results, only little is known about longer-term outcomes. The present series report long-term outcomes of transcatheter mitral ViV- and ViR-procedures. Methods: All consecutive patients (n=54) undergoing transcatheter mitral ViV- or ViR-procedures for failed bioprostheses or recurring regurgitation after mitral repair were retrospectively en-rolled in the time period between 2011 and 2021. The mean age was 76.5 ± 6.5 years, and 30 (55.6%) of the patients were male. The procedures were done using a commercially available balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve. Clinical and echocardiographic follow-up data were obtained out of the hospital’s database and analyzed. Follow-up reached up to 9.9 years with a total of 164.3 patient-years. Results: A total 25 patients received a ViV- and 29 patients a ViR-procedure. Both groups were at high surgical risk with an STS-PROM of 5.9 ± 3.7 % in ViV- and 8.7 ± 9.0% in ViR-patients, respectively (p<0.01). The procedures itself were mainly unevent-ful with no intraoperative deaths and a low conversion rate (n=2/54; 3.7%). VARC-2 procedural success was low (ViV 20.0% and ViR 10.3%; p=0.45), which was either driven by high rates of transvalvular pressure gradients “>5mmHg” (ViV 92.0% and ViR 27.6%; p<0.01) or residual regurgitation “>trace” (ViV 28.0% and ViR 82.7%; p<0.01). ICU-stay was prolonged in both groups (ViV 3.8 ± 6.8 days and ViR 4.3 ± 6.3 days; p=0.96) with acceptable hospital stay (ViV 9.9 ± 5.9 days and ViR 13.5 ± 8.0 days; p=0.13). Despite 30-days mortality was acceptable (ViV 4.0% and ViR 6.9%; p=1.00), the mean posthospital survival time was disappointingly low (ViV 3.9 ± 2.6 years and ViR 2.3 ± 2.7 years; p<0.01). Overall survival I the entire group was 33.3%.Cardiac reasons for death were frequent in both groups (ViV 38.5% and ViR 52.2%). Cox-regression analysis identified ViR-procedures as a predictor of mortality (HR 2.36, CI 1.19 - 4.67, p=0.01). Conclusions: Despite acceptable immediate outcomes in this high-risk subpopulation, long-terms results are discouraging. Transvalvular pressure gradients as well as residual regurgitations remained drawbacks in this real-world population. The indication for catheterbased mitral ViV- or ViR-procedures thoughtfully must be made in consideration of conventional redo-surgery or conservative treatment.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0390.v1

Prospective Evaluation of the Weekend Effect on Mortality Outcomes in Aortic Dissection

Cosmin Banceu, Marius Harpa, Klara Brinzaniuc, Nicolae Neagu, Dan Alexandru Szabo, Diana Banceu, Marvin Oprean, Hussam Al Husseim, Daiana Cristutiu, Alexandru Antoniu Stan, Marius Neamtu Halic, Horatiu Suciu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: aortic dissection outcome; weekend effect; aortic dissection risk factor

Online: 22 March 2023 (03:29:20 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0228.v1

Understanding the Pathophysiology of Heart Failure with Mid-Range Ejection Fraction: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian, SeyedAhmad Hoseini, Seyed-Mohamad-Sadegh Mirahmadi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: heart failure; ejection fraction; left ventricle; systolic dysfunction; diastolic dysfunction

Online: 13 March 2023 (10:15:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0202.v1

Clinical Profiles and One-Year Outcome in Middle Eastern Pa-Tients With Atrial Fibrillation and Major Bleeding Events

Rashid Ibdah, Sukaina Ismael Rawashdeh, Ayman Hammoudeh, Yahya Badaineh, Yousef Khader, Ramzi Tabbalat, Mustafa Jammal, Sadan Aburumman, Ahmad Sadam Shannaq, Imad A. Alhaddad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Major bleeding events; Clinically-relevant non-major bleeding; Oral anticoagulants; Middle Eastern population; Prognosis

Online: 13 March 2023 (02:06:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0119.v1

Renal Denervation Helps Preserve the Ejection Fraction by Pre-Serving Endocardial-Endothelial Function During Heart Failure

Sathnur Pushpakumar, Mahavir Singh, Yuting Zheng, Oluwaseun E. Akinterinwa, Sri Prakash L. Mokshagundam, Utpal Sen, Dinesh K. Kalra, Suresh C. Tyagi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Antioxidant molecules; Cardiac health; Mechanism of heart failure; Cardiac activity

Online: 7 March 2023 (02:19:50 CET)

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Although renal denervation (RDN) protects against hypertension, hypertrophy, and heart failure (HF), it is not clear whether RDN preserves ejection fraction (EF) during heart failure (HFpEF). To test this hypothesis, we simulated chronic congestive cardiopulmonary heart failure (CHF) by creating aorta-vena cava fistula (AVF) in C57BL/6J wild type (WT) mice. There are four ways to create experimental CHF: (1) myocardial infarction (MI) which is basically ligating coronary by instrumenting and injuring the heart; (2) trans-aortic constriction (TAC), although it mimics systematic hypertension but TAC again constricts aorta on top of the heart and exposes the heart; (3) acquired CHF such as by dietary factors, diabetes/salt diets etc. but it is multifactorial, and finally (4) AVF, which is the only one wherein AVF is created ~1cm below the kidney where the aorta and vena cava share the common middle-wall. By creating fistula, the red blood enters vena cava without an injury to the heart. This model mimics CHF such as during aging where with age the preload keeps increasing than the aging heart can pump out due to the weakened cardiac myocytes. This also involves the right ventricle to lung to left ventricle flow, thus creating congestion. The heart in AVF goes to transition from preserved to reduced EF (i.e., HFpEF to HFrEF). In fact, there are more models of volume overload, such as the pacing-induced and mitral valve regurgitation but these are also injurious models. Our lab is one of the original labs in creating and studying the AVF phenotype. The RDN was created by treating the cleaned bilateral renal artery. After 6 weeks, blood, heart, and renal samples were analyzed for exosome, cardiac regeneration markers and renal cortex proteinases. Cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiogram (ECHO). Fibrosis was analyzed with trichrome staining. The results suggested that there was robust increase in exosomes’ level in AVF blood, suggesting compensatory systemic response during AVF-CHF. During AVF there was no change in cardiac eNOS, Wnt1 and β-catenin, however; during RDN there was robust increase in eNOS, Wnt1 and β-catenin compared to the sham group. As expected in HFpEF there was perivascular fibrosis, hypertrophy and pEF. Interestingly, increased levels of eNOS suggested that despite fibrosis, the NO generation was higher that most likely contributed to pEF during HF. The RDN intervention revealed an increase in renal cortical caspase 8 and a decrease in caspase 9. Since caspase 8 is protective and caspase 9 is apoptotic, we suggest that RDN protects against renal stresses, and apoptosis. Our findings also suggest that RDN is cardioprotective during HFpEF via the preservation of eNOS and accompanied endocardial-endothelial function.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0059.v1

Epidemiology Aspects of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic

Aleksandra S. Maksimova, Tatiana A. Shelkovnikova, Nadezhda I. Ryumshina, Olga V. Mochula, Valery Kh. Vaizov, Irina A. Trubacheva, Oksana M. Novikova, Azamat B. Naiman, Alina D. Kuznetsova, Nazary P. Chesalov, Wladimir Yu. Ussov, And Nina D. Anfinogenova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: COVID-19; long COVID-19; paramagnetic contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; MRI; CMR; myocarditis; electronic medical record; online survey; epidemiology; public health

Online: 3 March 2023 (06:30:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0024.v1

Mechanisms of COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Thrombosis: A Narrative Review

Cristian-Mihail Niculae, Adriana Hristea, Ruxandra Moroti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 infection; pulmonary in situ thrombosis; embolism; immunothrombosis; inflammation; coagulopathy

Online: 1 March 2023 (11:37:10 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0509.v1

A Bridge to Nowhere: Enabling Autonomy in a Case of Failed ECMO Rescue of Bleomycin Induced Pulmonary Toxicity

James Hall, Michael Khilkin, Sara Murphy, George Botros

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: bleomycin; ECMO; pulmonary fibrosis; pulmonary toxicity; veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; lung transplant

Online: 28 February 2023 (06:46:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0105.v2

IABP Versus Impella Support in Cardiogenic Shock: “In Silico” Study

Beatrice De Lazzari, Massimo Capoccia, Roberto Badagliacca, Selim Bozkurt, Claudio De Lazzari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: IABP; Impella; Cardiogenic shock; Ventricular elastance; Heart failure; Lumped parameter model; Software simulation; Cardiovascular modelling.

Online: 15 February 2023 (02:47:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0202.v1

Pharmacological Prescription for Atrial Fibrillation, Dyslipidemia and Hypertension: Observational Analytical #TRIGERIA Study in Institutionalized Patients

Jordi Esquirol Caussa, Elisabeth Herrero Vila, Josep Sánchez Aldeguer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Dyslipidemia; Atrial Fibrillation; Geriatrics; High Blood Pressure; Polymedication; Polypill

Online: 13 February 2023 (07:21:50 CET)

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INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular prevention is less effective than expected due to the concern about polymedication of professionals and the lack of adherence of patients. Polypills are presented as a possible solution, increasing therapeutic adherence in the medium or long term and improving therapeutic results compared to the administration of drugs separately: they increase effectiveness and Adherence of patients to primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention programs, without increasing the cost of the intervention. OBJECTIVES: Study #Trigeria: to specify the combined prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation, Dyslipidemia and Hypertension and analyze the pharmacological prescription for these pathologies and the possible indications and advantages that would have the prescription of a polypill for these risk factors.METHODS: Observational analytical study on the pathological history in elderly institutionalized in nursing homes and analysis of prescribed oral medication.RESULTS: 169 people analyzed (79.3% women) from 4 nursing homes; 8.9% had a history of Atrial Fibrillation, Dyslipidemia and Arterial Hypertension; these had a higher prevalence of heart disease (42.9%) and Cerebral Vascular Accident (35.7%). Polymedication was present in 88.5%, with an average of 6.94 oral drugs prescribed; among those with the three pathological antecedents, the average number of oral medications was 8.60. Only 26.7% of those with all three factors were prescribed drugs to control them.DISCUSSION: There are high rates of polymedication in the sample and low rates of prescription of antiplatelet agents in people with Atrial Fibrillation (26.5%); the low prescription of statins and antihypertensives of the ACE inhibitor or ARB-II groups may be due to good control with non-pharmacological measures or by the use of other groups of drugs . A polypill holding the drugs that control the three factors studied could increase the prescription rate while simplifying the administration schedule and reducing polymedication by 23.25% improving prescription, increasing adherence and control of risk factors without increasing pharmaceutical expenditure.CONCLUSIONS: There is a low rate of prescription of antiplatelet agents among people with atrial fibrillation. Combination methods (polypills) can increase the suitability of prescriptions in people with polypathology, improving prescribing, simplifying administration and increasing adherence to pharmacological treatments.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0177.v2

Proactive Variant Effect Mapping to Accelerate Genetic Diagnosis for Pediatric Cardiac Arrest

Brendan Floyd, Jochen Weile, Prince Kannankeril, Andrew Glazer, Chloe Reuter, Calum MacRae, Euan Ashley, Dan Roden, Frederick Roth, Victoria Parikh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: variant effect maps; cardiac arrest; cardiovascular genetics

Online: 9 February 2023 (03:38:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0107.v1

Non-invasive Assessment of Vascular Circulation Based on Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF)

Andrzej Marcinek, Joanna Katarzynska, Leslaw Sieron, Robert Skokowski, Jacek Zielinski, Jerzy Gebicki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: flow mediated skin fluorescence; FMSF technique; NADH fluorescence; microcirculation; flowmo-tion; reactive hyperemia response; RHR; hypoxia sensitivity; HS; normoxia oscillatory index; NOI

Online: 7 February 2023 (02:14:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0290.v2

A New Algorithm for Estimating Fast Variations in the Heart Rate

Enrico Maria Staderini, Harish Kambampati, Amith K. Ramakrishnaiah, Stefano Mugnaini, Andrea Magrini, Sandro Gentili

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: heart rate variability; signal analysis

Online: 6 February 2023 (04:45:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0471.v1

Risk Factors of Cannula-associated Arterial Thrombosis following Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation support: A Retrospective Study

Ngan Hoang Kim Trieu, Xuan Thi Phan, Linh Thanh Tran, Huy Minh Pham, Dai Quang Huynh, Tuan Manh Nguyen, Anh Tuan Mai, Quan Quoc Minh Du, Bach Xuan Nguyen, Thao Thi Ngoc Pham

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; cannula-associated arterial thrombosis; flow rate.

Online: 26 January 2023 (08:33:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0460.v1

COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: From Inflammation to Hyperinflammation

Girolamo Giannotta, Antonio Murrone, Nicola Giannotta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: COVID-19 mRNA vaccines; Myo-pericarditis and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines; Multisystem-Inflammatory-Syndrome and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines; arrhythmias and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines; Pathogenesis of myocarditis following COVID-19 mRNA vaccines; MIS-A; MIS-C; MIS-V; Myocarditis; COVID-19 mRNA vaccine Adverse Events.

Online: 26 January 2023 (02:50:29 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0452.v1

Perimyocarditis as First Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Successfully Treated With Heart Failure and Immunosuppressive Therapy

Marina Ikić Matijašević, Petra Grubić Rotkvić, Zrinka Planinić, Lucija Ikić, Ines Zadro Kordić, Edvard Galić

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus; heart failure; myocarditis; pericarditis; speckle tracking echocardiography; transthoracic echocardiography; immunosuppressants; glucocorticoids; therapy; biomarkers

Online: 25 January 2023 (09:45:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0392.v1

Distinctive Signs of Disease as Deterrents for the Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review

Francesco Nappi, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Endothelial dysfunction; inflammation; pulmonary hypertension; diabetes; car-diovascular disease; endothelium-derived relaxing factor

Online: 23 January 2023 (02:23:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0276.v1

A Novel Physiologically Based Algorithm (PBA) for Fast CFD Computation of Flow Fractional Reserve (FFR) in Coronary Artery Trees

Sholpan Sumbekova, Xiaohui Su, Yong Zhao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: FFR; Blood Flow Simulation; SimVascular; coronal stenosis; cCTA

Online: 16 January 2023 (08:29:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0116.v1

Assessing the Impact of Hemodynamic Monitoring with CardioMEMS on Heart Failure Patients: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis

Pau Codina, Jose Angel Vicente Gómez, Guillem Hernández Guillamet, Laura Ricou Ríos, Andrea Carrete, Victoria Vilalta, Oriol Estrada, Jordi Ara, Josep Lupón, Antoni Bayés-Genís, Francesc López Seguí

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: cost-effectiveness evaluation; heart failure; telemonitoring; pulmonary artery pressure; hemodynamic monitoring

Online: 6 January 2023 (04:41:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0091.v1

Infective Endocarditis after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management

Johnny Zakhour, Fatima Allaw, Suha Kalash, Saliba Wehbe, Souha S Kanj

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement,; endocarditis; prosthetic valve endocarditis

Online: 5 January 2023 (02:35:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0054.v1

NGAL as Biomarker of Clinical and Subclinical Damage of Kidney Function after Coronary Angiography

Iliyana Petrova, Alexander Alexandrov, Georgi Vladimirov, Hristo Mateev, Ivaylo Bogov, Iva Paskaleva, Nina Gotcheva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI); subclinical CI-AKI; NGAL; contrast media; coro-nary angiography

Online: 4 January 2023 (03:24:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0045.v1

Molecular Pathways in Staphylococcus Aureus Endocarditis: a Systematic Review

Francesco Nappi, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Infective Endocarditis, Staphylococcus Aureus Infection, Staphylococcus Aureus Immunity, Staphylococcus Aureus Cytotoxin, Biofilm resistance.

Online: 4 January 2023 (02:43:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0014.v1

Proteomics and Metabolomics Based Analysis of Metabolic Changes in a Swine Model of Pulmonary Hypertension

Payel Sen, Bachuki Shashikadze, Florian Flenkenthaler, Esther Van de Kamp, Siyu Tian, Chen Meng, Michael Gigl, Thomas Fröhlich, Daphne Merkus

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: pulmonary hypertension; proteomic analysis; metabolomic analysis

Online: 3 January 2023 (07:53:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0010.v1

Usefulness of Systemic Venous Ultrasound Protocols in the Prognosis of Heart Failure Patients: Results from a Prospective Multicentric Study

Marta Torres-Arrese, Arantzazu Mata-Martínez, Davide Luordo-Tedesco, Gonzalo García-Casasola, Rodrigo Alonso-González, Esther Montero-Hernández, Marta Cobo-Marcos, Beatriz Sánchez-Sauce, Valentín Cuervas-mons, Yale Tung-Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: point-of-care ultrasound; Doppler ultrasound; VExUS; venous excess ultrasonography; acute heart failure; portal vein; hepatic vein; intrarenal vein; inferior vena cava

Online: 3 January 2023 (07:33:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0290.v1

On the Estimation of Ultra-Short-Term Heart Rate Variability

Enrico Maria Staderini, Harish Kambampati, Amith K. Ramakrishnaiah, Stefano Mugnaini, Andrea Magrini, Sandro Gentili

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: heart rate variability; vagus nerve response; vagus nerve event evoked responses; Valsalva manoeuvre; signal analysis

Online: 16 December 2022 (02:45:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0217.v1

Association Between Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Abnormal Glucose Risk: A Cohort Study

Robert A Sloan, Youngdeok Kim, Jonathan Kenyon, Marco Visentini Scarzanella, Susumu S Sawada, Xuemei Sui, I-Min Lee, Jonathan N Myers, Carl J Lavie

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: estimated cardiorespiratory fitness; physical activity; prediabetes; diabetes; abnormal blood glucose; electronic health records; epidemiology; prevention; primary care

Online: 13 December 2022 (02:15:06 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0128.v1

A Fatal Case of Native Valve Endocarditis With Multiple Embolic Phenomena and Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia: A Case Report From the Maldives

Ali Shafeeq, Hisham Ahmed Imad, Ahmed Azhad, Migdhaadh Shareef, Mohamed Shaneez Najmy, Mohamed Mausool Siraj, Mohamed Sunil, Rimsha Rafeeu, Aishath Sofa Moosa, Ahmed Shaheed, Thundon Ngamprasertchai, Wasin Matsee, Pyae Linn Aung, Wang Nguitragool, Tatsuo Shioda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: infective endocartidis; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; mitral valve

Online: 7 December 2022 (10:47:17 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0030.v1

Controls of Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure and Hemorrhagic/Hypovolemic Shock

Amaresh K. Ranjan, Anil Gulati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Disorder; Hypertension; Hypotension; Hypoxia; Baroreflex; Hemorrhagic Shock; Hypovolemic Shock; Vasopressure; Resuscitation; Centhaquine (Lyfaquin); Sympathetic System; Parasympathetic System; Adrenoreceptors

Online: 2 December 2022 (02:00:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0551.v1

Laboratory and Metabolomic Fingerprint in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: From Clinical Classification to Biomarker Signature

Alberto Palazzuoli, Francesco Tramonte, Matteo Beltrami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: biomarkers; Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; Metabolomic; microRNA

Online: 29 November 2022 (11:58:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0452.v1

The Effect of Giving a Contrast Bath with an Elevation of 30° on Decreasing the Degree of Edema in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin

Siti Norkhalisa, Ruwaida Ruwaida, Aldrianto Aldrianto, Candra Kusuma Negara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Contrast bath. Edema, Elevation of feet 30 ° , Congestive heart failure

Online: 24 November 2022 (06:09:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0361.v1

Cardiac Autonomic Function in Long COVID-19 Using Heart Rate Variability: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Antonio da Silva Menezes Junior, Aline Andressa Schröeder, Silvia Marçal Botelho, Aline Lazara Resende

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Heart Rate Variability; Inflammatory markers; Long-term Covid-19; Autonomic nervous system.

Online: 21 November 2022 (01:21:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0003.v2

A New Understanding of Serum Creatinine Levels as a Predictive Factor of Mortality Outcomes in Aortic Disease

Cosmin Banceu, Marius Harpa, Radu Deac, Klara Brinzaniuc, Ioan Tilea, Andreea Varga, Dan Alexandru Szabo, Diana Banceu, Daiana Cristutiu, Alexandra Stoica, Marvin Oprean, Horatiu Suciu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: aortic diseases; serum creatinine; acute kidney injury; cardiac surgery; in-hospital mortality; cross-clamp time

Online: 14 November 2022 (01:12:17 CET)

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication that can occur after cardiac surgery and requires ongoing research in light of the exponential expansion of technological advancements and knowledge in medicine. In this study, we aim to evaluate the outcomes of treated electives of emergency aortic disease with high serum creatinine levels (SCr). Methods: The cohort includes 183 patients, all of whom have an aortic disease and whose SCr levels were checked upon admission on the first day in the intensive care unit (ICU) and upon discharge from the hospital. We examined the correlation of SCr levels with in-hospital mortality and immediate mortality at least six months after discharge as well as with cross-clamp time and bypass time.Results: A high SCr level upon admission is a significant predictive factor of n-hospital mortality (p = 0.001) but not immediate mortality (p = 0.409). A statistically significant correlation was also observed between elevated SCr level on the first day of ICU and aortic disease (p = 0.041) but not immediate mortality (p = 0.119). We observed a significant correlation between aortic disease and in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001), but no correlation was found between high SCr level on the first day of ICU and immediate mortality (p = 0.119). The cross-clamp time is statistically significant correlated with elevated SCr level (p = 0.013) and in-hospital mortality (p = 0.001) but not immediate mortality (p = 0.847). Furthermore, the bypass time is negatively correlated with a high SCr level on the first day of ICU (p = 0.090), in-hospital mortality (p = 0.410), and immediate mortality (p = 0.625). We also found that aortic disease is not correlated with elevated creatinine levels at ICU discharge (p = 0.152) or long-term mortality (p = 0.106). Conclusions: Although this study only included a small portion of the elaborate aspects of surgical and medical management developed around cardiac patients who received invasive treatment, the conclusions reached are nevertheless clearly relevant, as evidenced by the significantly correlations uncovered. In order to manage AKI after AAS and improve the outcome, the SCr level could be used as a marker for renoprotective strategy. Moving forward, these results serve as a first step in motivating us to expand the range of our research, collect newly relevant data, and use it to benefit patients.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0487.v2

Innate Immunity in Cardiovascular Diseases – Identification of Novel Molecular Players and Targets

Wolfgang Poller, Bettina Heidecker, Enrico Ammirati, Andreas W Kuss, Ana Tzvetkova, Wolfram C Poller, Carsten Skurk, Arash Haghikia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Immunology; innate immunity; immunogenetics; noncoding genome; tRNA biology; evolutionary genetics (list 3-10 specific to the article yet reasonably common within the subject discipline)

Online: 1 November 2022 (09:55:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0003.v1

A Novel Understanding of Serum Creatinine Levels as a Predictive Factor for Mortality Outcome in Aortic Disease

Banceu Cosmin, Harpa Marius, Oprean Marvin, Deac Radu, Brinzaniuc Klara, Tilea Ioan, Varga Andreea, Szabo Dan Alexandru, Banceu Diana, Cristutiu Daiana, Stoica Alexandra, Suciu Horatiu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: aortic diseases; serum creatinine; acute kidney injury; cardiac surgery; in-hospital mortality; cross-clamp time

Online: 1 November 2022 (01:10:43 CET)

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Acute renal injury (AKI) is a complication that can occur after cardiac surgery, and since technological advancements and knowledge in medicine are exponentially expanding, it requires ongoing research. The study aims to evaluate the outcome of the treated electives of emergency aortic disease with high serum creatinine levels (SCr). Methods: The cohort included 183 patients, all of whom had an aortic disease and whose SCr levels were checked upon admission on the first day in the intensive care unit (ICU) and upon discharge from the hospital. We correlated SCr levels with in-hospital mortality and immediate mortality at least six months after discharge, with cross- clamp time and bypass time. Results: A high SCr level upon admission significantly predicts in- hospital mortality (p = 0.001) but not immediate mortality (p = 0.409). There is also a statistically significant correlation between the elevated SCr levels on the first day of ICU and aortic disease (p = 0.041) but not with immediate mortality (p = 0.119). We found a significant correlation between aortic disease and in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001) but no correlation between high SCr level on the first day of ICU and immediate mortality (p = 0.119). The cross-clamp time had a statistically significant correlation with elevated SCr level (p = 0.013) and in-hospital mortality (p = 0.001) but not with immediate mortality (p = 0.847). Furthermore, the bypass time was negatively correlated with a high SCr level on the first day of ICU (p = 0.090), with in-hospital mortality (p = 0.410) and immediate mortality (p = 0.625). We also found that patients with an aortic disease were not correlated with elevated creatinine levels at ICU discharge (p = 0.152) or long-term mortality (p = 0.106). Conclusions: The study only included a small portion of the elaborate surgical and medical management developed around cardiac patients who received invasive treatment. The conclusions 40 reached were nevertheless clearly relevant, evidenced by the significantly correlated statistics. This element, moving forward, motivates us to expand our research’s range, collect the most newly relevant data, and use it to benefit the patient; this work provides the beginning step in this process.

Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0404.v2

Use of a Polypill to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Primary and Secondary Prevention: Review and Use Guidelines

Jordi Esquirol Caussa, Elisabeth Herrero Vila, Josep Sánchez Aldeguer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Polypill; Cardiovascular Risk; Primary Prevention; Secondary Prevention; Adherence; Cost-effectivity

Online: 31 October 2022 (09:27:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0200.v1

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Fabry Disease: Morphological, Functional and Tissue Features

Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Carmelo De gori, Lorenzo Faggioni, Maria luisa Parisella, Giacomo Aringhieri, Dania Cioni, Riccardo Lencioni, Emanuele Neri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Fabry disease; Cardiac magnetic Resonance; T1 mapping; Late gadolinium enhancement; Feature tracking.

Online: 14 October 2022 (03:25:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0180.v1

Sustainability of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Apheresis in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) - Results from a Supplementary Data Analysis of the Explorative CAMI-1 Study

Horst Skarabis, Jan Torzewski, Wolfgang Ries, Franz Heigl, Christoph D. Garlichs, Rudolf Kunze, Ahmed Sheriff

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: C-reactive protein; STEMI; AMI; CRP apheresis; CMR; MRI; infarct size; inflammation; inflammatory mediators; ischaemia; hypoxia; phagocytosis

Online: 12 October 2022 (13:41:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0100.v1

Electrocardiogram, Echocardiogram and NT-proBNP in Screening for Thromboembolism Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients after Pulmonary Embolism

Olga Dzikowska-Diduch, Katarzyna Kurnicka, Barbara Lichodziejewska, Iwona Dudzik-Niewiadomska, Michał Machowski, Marek Roik, Małgorzata Wiśniewska, Jan Siwiec, Izabela Magdalena Staniszewska, Piotr Pruszczyk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: screening after pulmonary embolism; chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease; chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; diagnostic work-up of post-pulmonary syndrome

Online: 9 October 2022 (02:09:20 CEST)

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Background: The annual mortality of patients with untreated chronic thromboembolism pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is approximately 50% unless a timely diagnosis is followed by adequate treatment. In pulmonary embolism (PE) survivors with functional limitation the diagnostic work-up starts with echocardiography. It is followed by lung scintigraphy and right heart catheterization. However, noninvasive test providing diagnostic clues to CTEPH, or ascertain this diagnosis as very unlikely, would be extremely useful since the majority of post PE functional limitations is caused by deconditioning. Methods: Patients after acute PE underwent a structured clinical evaluation with electrocardiogram, routine laboratory tests including NT-proBNP and echocardiography. The aim of study was to verify whether the parameters from echocardiographic or perhaps electrocardiographic examination and NT-proBNP concentration best determine the risk of CTEPH. Results: A total (n = 261, male n = 123) patients after PE were included into the study, in group of 155 patients (59.4%) with reported functional impairment 13 patients (8.4%) had CTEPH and 7 PE survivors had chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) (4,5%). Echo parameters differed significantly between CTEPH/CTEPD cases and other symptomatic PE survivors. Patients with CTEPH/CTEPD had also higher level of NT-proBNP (p = 0.022) but concentration of NT-proBNP above 125 pg/ml did not differentiate patients with CTEPH/CTEPD (p>0.05). Additionally, proportion of patients with right bundle brunch block registered in ECG was higher in group with CTEPH/CTED (23.5% vs. 5.8%, p = 0.034) but there were no differences between other ECG characteristics of right ventricle overload. Conclusion: Screening for CTEPH/CTEPD should be performed in patients with reduced exercise tolerance compared to pre PE period, It is not effective in asymptomatic PE survivors. Patients with CTEPH/CTED had predominantly abnormalities indicatingchronic thromboembolism in the echocardiographic assessment. NT-proBNP and electrocardiographic characteristics of right ventricle overload proved to be insufficient in predicting CTEPH/CTEPD development.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0487.v1

Innate Immunity in Cardiovascular Diseases – Identification of Novel Molecular Players and Targets

Wolfgang Poller, Bettina Heidecker, Enrico Ammirati, Andreas W Kuss, Ana Tzvetkova, Wolfram C Poller, Carsten Skurk, Arash Haghikia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Immunology; innate immunity; immunogenetics; noncoding genome; tRNA biology; evolutionary genetics (list 3-10 specific to the article yet reasonably common within the subject discipline)

Online: 30 September 2022 (11:13:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0417.v1

Substance Use Disorders and Risk of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease: Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database

Harshil Patel, Urvish Patel, Medhat Chowdhury, Andrew Assaf, Chaithanya Avanthika, Mohammed Nor, Mohamed Rage, Apoorva Madapu, Sravani Konatham, Mamatha Vodapally, Vatsalya Bhat, Anupa Gnawali, Mohamed Mohamed, Nawal Abdi, Faizan Ahmad Malik, Shamik Shah, Marcel Elias Zughaib

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Recreational substance abuse; drug abuse; marijuana; amphetamine; acute ischemic stroke; risk factors; young adult; NIS; Stroke; Sudden Cardiac Death

Online: 27 September 2022 (09:41:00 CEST)

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Background: Substance use continues to be on the rise in the United States and has been linked to new onset cardiovascular (CVDs) and cerebrovascular disorders (CeVDs) leading to hospitalizations. We aimed to study the association of different subtypes of substance use disorders (SUDs) among hospitalized patients, with the different subtypes of CVDs and CeVDs, using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database. Additionally, we aimed to assess the odds of hospitalizations with new onset CVDs and CeVDs among patients with different types of SUDs. Methods: A retrospective study of the NIS database (2016-2017) using the ICD-10-CM codes was performed. The hospitalizations with a secondary diagnosis of SUDs were identified. Weighted univariate analysis using the chi-square test and multivariate survey logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate for the incidence, prevalence, and odds of association between vascular events and SUDs. Results: There were a total of 58,259,589 hospitalizations, out of which 21.42% had SUDs. Out of all the hospitalized patients between the age 18-50, more patients had SUDs than not (31.83%, p< 0.0001). This difference existed for all the different subtypes of SUDs including alcohol related disorder (42.61%), amphetamine dependence (76.17% vs 31.83%), cannabis related disorder (75.17%), cocaine related disorders (57.87%), hallucinogen related disorder (82.91%), inhalant related disorders (67.25%), opioid related disorders (52.86%), and nicotine dependence (35.72%). We found a significant association of acute ischemic stroke with amphetamine dependence (OR 1.23, 95%CI 1.14-1.33), cocaine related disorders (1.17, 1.12-1.23) and nicotine dependence (1.42, 1.40-1.43). Similarly, the association of intracerebral hemorrhage was higher with amphetamine dependence (2.58, 2.26-2.93), and cocaine related disorders (1.62, 1.46-1.79). The association of subarachnoid hemorrhage was noted to be higher with amphetamine dependence (1.82, 1.48-2.24) and nicotine dependence (1.47, 1.39-1.55). In terms of association of cardiovascular disorders with SUDs,the patients with myocardial infarction had higher odds of nicotine dependence (1.85, 1.83-1.87) than not, Similarly, the patients with angina pectoris were noted to have a higher association with cocaine related disorders (2.21, 1.86-2.62), and those with atrial fibrillation had a higher association alcohol related disorders (1.14, 1.11-1.17). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the variability of CVD and CeVD in patients hospitalized for SUD. Findings from our study may help promote increased awareness and early management of these events. Further studies are needed to evaluate specific effects of frequency and dose on the incidence and prevalence of CVD and CeVD in patients with SUD.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0361.v1

Impact of Sex in Left Atrial Indices for Prognosis of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Shiro Hoshida, Koichi Tachibana, Nobutaka Masunaga, Yukinori Shinoda, Tomoko Minamisaka, Hirooki Inui, Keisuke Ueno, Masahiro Seo, Masamichi Yano, Takaharu Hayashi, Akito Nakagawa, Yusuke Nakagawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Takahisa Yamada, Yoshio Yasumura, Yohei Sotomi, Shungo Hikoso, Daisaku Nakatani, Yasushi Sakata

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Ed/Ea; Fine-Gray model; HFpEF; LAVI; sex

Online: 23 September 2022 (08:09:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0093.v1

Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: at the Heart of The Problem. Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, Sars-Cov-2 Affection and Gender in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward

Filomena Pietrantonio, Angela Ciamei, Antonio Vinci, Tiziana Ciarambino, Elena Alessi, Matteo Pascucci, Michela Delli Castelli, Silvia Zito, Simona Sanguedolce, Marianna Rainone, Jacopo Di Lorenzo, Fabio Vinci, Giulia Laurelli, Claudia Di Iorio, Roberto Corsi, Serafino Ricci, Alessandra Di Berardino, Matteo Ruggeri, Francesco Rosiello

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Polypharmacy management, COVID -19, Gender medicine, economic perspective

Online: 7 September 2022 (02:29:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0529.v1

Inhibition of Pathological Myofibroblast Differentiation of Valvular Interstitial Cell by Atorvastatin, Olmesartan, and Resveratrol in Experimental Heart Valve Model “Contemporary Model with Rabbit Valve”

Denny Suwanto, Achmad Lefi, Budi Baktijasa Dharmadjati, Yudi Her Oktaviono, Agus Subagjo, Oryza Sativa, Dita Aulia Rachmi, Ricardo Adrian Nugraha

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Myofibroblast; Atorvastatin; Olmesartan; Resveratrol; Valvular Interstitial Cell

Online: 31 August 2022 (02:55:06 CEST)

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Medicine and Pharmacology