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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0425.v1

Impact of wind generation in the transformation centers of low voltage distribution networks using Opal-RT 5600

Javier Cabrera, Carlos Guerrero, Esteban Franco, Gabriela Araujo

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Wind energy; voltage profile; distribution network; simulation

Online: 6 June 2023 (09:35:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0400.v1

Modeling the Electromagnetic Fields of 25 kV Traction Networks Under Emergency Conditions

Konstantin Suslov, Andrey Kryukov, Ekaterina Voronina, Azat Akhmetshin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: power supply systems for AC railways; emergency conditions; electromagnetic fields near supports; modeling; electromagnetic safety

Online: 6 June 2023 (07:54:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0351.v1

Integrated Photovoltaics Potential for Passenger Car With a Focus on the Sensitivity to Electrical Architecture Losses

Fathia Karoui, Bertrand Chambion, Fabrice Claudon, Benjamin Commault

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: VIPV; passenger car; life cycle assessment; mileage; electrical architecture; thresholds; model; losses; shading; carbon footprint

Online: 5 June 2023 (16:25:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0307.v1

Near-Field Coupling Effect Analysis of SMD Inductor Using 3D-EM model

GyeongRyun Choi, HyongJoo Kim, Yonggi Hong, Joosung Hwang, Euihyuk Kim, Wansoo Nah

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: SMD inductor; loss tangent; effective permeability; Near-field coupling

Online: 5 June 2023 (10:30:01 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0277.v1

Ocean Wave Energy Converter (WEC) with IoT Applications

Md Shohel Amin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Wave Energy Converter (WEC); IoT-based sensors; Wireless devices

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:39:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0228.v1

A Comprehensive Review of EV Lithium-Ion Battery Degradation

Carlos Antônio Rufino Júnior, Eleonora Riva Sanseverino, Pierluigi Gallo, Murilo Machado Amaral, Daniel Koch, Yash Kotak, Hans-Georg Schweiger, Hudson Zanin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Prognostics; Ageing; Lithium-Ion Batteries; EV Batteries; Degradation; Electric vehicles

Online: 5 June 2023 (03:17:13 CEST)

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Lithium-ion batteries with improved energy densities have made understanding the Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) generation mechanisms that cause mechanical, thermal, and chemical failures more complicated. SEI processes reduce battery capacity and power. Thus, a review of this area's understanding is important. It is essential to know how batteries degrade in EVs to estimate battery lifespan as it goes, predict, and minimize losses, and determine the ideal time for a replacement. Lithium-ion batteries used in EVs mainly suffer two types of degradation: calendar degradation and cycling degradation. Despite the existence of several existing works in the literature, several aspects of battery degradation remain unclear or have not been analyzed in detail. This work presents a systematic review of existing works in the literature. The results of the present investigation provide insight into the complex relationships among various factors affecting battery degradation mechanisms. Specifically, this systematic review examined the effects of time, side reactions, temperature fluctuations, high charge/discharge rates, depth of discharge, mechanical stress, thermal stress, and the voltage relationship on battery performance and longevity. The results revealed that these factors interact in complex ways to influence the degradation mechanisms of batteries. For example, high charge currents and deep discharges were found to accelerate degradation, while low temperatures and moderate discharge depths were shown to be beneficial for battery longevity. Additionally, the results showed that the relationship between cell voltage and State-of-Charge (SOC) plays a critical role in determining the rate of degradation. Overall, these findings have important implications for the design and operation of battery systems, as they highlight the need to carefully manage a range of factors to maximize battery performance and longevity. The result is an analysis of the main articles published in this field in recent years. This work aims to present new knowledge about fault detection, diagnosis, and management of lithium-ion batteries based on battery degradation concepts. The new knowledge is presented and discussed in a structured and comprehensive way.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0206.v1

Test Structures for the Characterization of the Gate Resistance in 16nm FinFET RF Transistors

Mario Lauritano, Peter Baumgartner

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Gate Resistance; Characterization; de-embedding; radio-frequency MOSFETs (RF MOS- 7 FETs); FinFET

Online: 2 June 2023 (13:39:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0182.v1

Novel DQ-based Multicarrier PWM Strategy for a Single-phase F-type Inverter

Raad Abdulla, Mouna Bin Smida, Ali Thamallah, Aouse Khalaf, Anis Sakly

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: DQ-based control; F-type inverter; PV-powered inverter

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:28:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0158.v1

Modern Optimization Algorithm for Improved Performance of Maximum Power Point Tracker of Partially Shaded PV Systems

Ali M. Eltamaly

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Photovoltaic; MPPT; partial shading conditions; convergence time; failure rate; metaheuristic; dandelion optimization algorithm (DOA)

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:48:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0147.v1

Intelligent Video Surveillance System with Abnormal Behavior Recognition and Metadata Retrieval

Hyungtae Kim, Joongchol Shin, Seokmok Park, Joonki Paik

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Metadata generation; abnormal recognition; metadata retrieval; intelligent surveillance system

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:27:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0073.v1

10-Port MIMO Inverted-F Antenna for LTE Bands 42/43/48/49 Bands Smartphone Applications

Muhammad Zahid, Aliya Khalid, Hira Moazzam, Hajra Sadaqat, Sultan Shoaib, Yasar Amin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Antenna for handset; m-MIMO; sub-6 GHz; LTE bands 42/43/48/49; Future Generation

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:57:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0069.v1

Reliability Testing of a Low-Cost Arduino-Based Multipurpose Data Logger Deployed in Several Applications Such as Outdoor Air Quality, Human Activity, Motion and Exhaust Gas Monitoring

Erik Hernández Rodríguez, Rosa Amalia González Rivero, Olivier Schalm, Alain Laguardia Martínez, Luis Hernández Santana, Daniellys Alejo Sánchez, Tim Janssens, Werner Jacobs

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Arduino; data logger; reliability; monitoring; sensors; custom expansion shield

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:42:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0027.v1

Discontinuous PWM Strategy with Frequency Modulation for Vibration Reduction in Asynchronous Machines

Antonio Ruiz-Gonzalez, Juan-Ramon Heredia-Larrubia, Francisco M. Perez-Hidalgo, Mario Jesus Meco-Gutierrez

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Induction motors; multilevel inverters; vibrations; PWM techniques

Online: 1 June 2023 (04:45:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2195.v1

A Novel Programming Circuit for Memristors

Shengtao Tu, Jinyu Li, Yanyun Ren, Qin Jiang, Shisheng Xiong

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: memristor; memristor programmer circuit; multi-level memristance; memristor crossbar

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:20:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2160.v1

Wavelet Analysis of Respiratory Muscle sEMG Signals During the Physiological Breakpoint of Static Dry End-Expiratory Breath-Holding in Naive Apneists: A Pilot Study

Nataša Ž. Mišić, Mirko Ostojić, Saša Cvetković, Petar Miodragović, Zdravko Aničić, Anita Popović, Đorđe Stefanović

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: breath-holding; hypoxia; hypercapnia; involuntary breathing movement; muscle fiber subtypes; heart rate variability; wavelet analysis; multiresolution analysis

Online: 31 May 2023 (02:41:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2156.v1

On IRS-Assisted Covert Communication with a Friendly UAV

Xiaobei Xu, Linzi Hu, Sha Wei, Yuwen Qian, Shihao Yan, Feng Shu, Jun Li

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: information security; covert communication; intelligent reflectors surface; UAV

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:53:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2137.v1

Complete Bifurcation Analysis of the Vilnius Chaotic Oscillator

Aleksandrs Ipatovs, Iheanacho Chukwuma Victor, Dmitrijs Pikulins, Sergejs Tjukovs, Anna Litvinenko

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Chaotic Oscillator; Bifurcations; Robust Chaos

Online: 30 May 2023 (12:24:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2060.v1

Reduction of Power Losses and Voltage Improvement in a Smart Grid Incorporated with Electric Vehicles

Mlungisi Ntombela, Kabeya Musasa

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: electric vehicles; reduction of power loss; voltage profile improvement; optimization algorithms; and power network optimization

Online: 30 May 2023 (07:05:06 CEST)

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Concern about the planet's future has motivated governments around the world to adopt policies that promote more responsible energy consumption. Reducing emissions of the principal cause of climate change man-made greenhouse gases requires greater system efficiency and the utilization of renewable energy sources. The generation of electricity is the single largest source of hazardous pollutants, followed by the transportation sector. This is true due to the extreme reliance on petroleum and its derivatives that these industries have. Electric mobility is receiving more attention from businesses, governments, and academic institutions as a means to reduce the negative impacts of current energy consumption. Without measures to address common technical issues, electric vehicles would strain electrical infrastructure. In order to determine the best strategy for switching operations and feeder reconfiguration, this research presents a helpful hybrid genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization (HGAPSO) method. Meet transmission limits while decreasing real power losses and enhancing the system's bus voltage profile. The effects of HGAPSO on power losses and voltage distributions in the network are analyzed. Then, a report is produced contrasting GA and PSO. This cross-breeding of GA and PSO led to HGAPSO. This important problem can be solved more effectively with the use of new or improved algorithms. To find the optimal reconfiguration and properly rearrange transmission network interconnection, it employs a plethora of heuristic optimization algorithms. The objective is to limit bus voltage variations while maintaining the system's radial topology and minimizing power usage. The reliability and performance of the procedure were evaluated using MATLAB's IEEE 33-bus communication network. The outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, which cuts down on power waste during standalone runs and speeds up the processing time.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2040.v1

Optimal Location of Facts Devices in IEEE 14 Bus System Using Ga and Deiwo

M CHETHAN, RAVI K

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Genetic algorithm; voltage sensitivity indices; loss sensitivity indices; voltage profiles; reactive power; active power; Differential evolution invasive weed optimization

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:32:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1980.v1

High static gain DC-DC Double Boost Quadratic Converter

Samir A. Mussa, Francieli Lima De Sá, Cleiton Dal Agnol, William Rafhael Da Silva, Domingo Ruiz Caballero

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: DC-DC Converter; High static gain; Control strategy; FPGA.

Online: 29 May 2023 (05:41:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1966.v1

Balancing Strategy for Battery Systems Based on Reconfigurable Converters

Guangwei Wan, Qiang Zhang, Menghan Li, Siyuan Li, Zehao Fu, Junjie Liu

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Reconfigurable battery; Balancing; Integrated converter; State of charge (SOC)

Online: 29 May 2023 (04:45:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1934.v1

Analysis and Approximation of THD and Torque Ripple of Induction Motor for SV-PWM Control of VSI

Grzegorz Sieklucki, Sylwester Sobieraj, Jozef Gromba, Raluca Elena Necula

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Induction motor; PWM control; SV-PWM; THD; torque ripple; approximation; voltage source inverter; dead-band; electromagnetic torque; stator current

Online: 26 May 2023 (12:02:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1920.v1

Uncertainty of Standardized Track Insulation Measurement Methods for Stray Current Assessment

Sahil Bhagat, Jacopo Bongiorno, Andrea Mariscotti

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: DC power systems; guideway electric transportation systems; stray current; test methods; uncertainty

Online: 26 May 2023 (10:42:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1883.v1

Superior High Transistor’s Effective Mobility of 325 cm2/V-s by 5-nm Quasi-Two-Dimensional SnON nFET

Pheiroijam Pooja, Chun Che Chien, Albert Chin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: high mobility; thin film transistors; SnON; SnO2; density functional theory

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:54:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1880.v1

A Family of Five-Level Pseudo-Totem Pole Dual Boost Converters

Qingsong Zhao, Guixi Miao, Hong Dai, Cheng Jing, Jianyuan Xu, Wenjing Li, Hui Ma

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: five-level dual boost converter; pseudo-totem pole (PTP); efficiency; voltage and current stress

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:40:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1723.v2

A Compact Planar Wi-Fi Antenna with Optimized Radiation Patterns for Small UAV Applications

Ya-Lung Yang, Ding-Bing Lin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: planar Wi-Fi antenna; optimized radiation patterns; small UAV; unmanned aerial vehicle; vertically polarized radiation

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:39:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1858.v1

An Introduction of Open System Interconnection (OSI) Model and its Architecture

Md Shohel Amin, Showrov Rahman

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Open System Interconnection; IP address Protocols; Network Communication

Online: 26 May 2023 (05:12:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1774.v1

Enhancing Energy Power Quality in Low Voltage Networks integrating Renewable Energy Generation with High Intermittency: A Case of Study in a Microgrid located in a High-Altitude Equatorial City

Edisson Villa-Ávila, Paul Arévalo, Roque Aguado, Danny Ochoa-Correa, Vinicio Iñiguez-Morán, Francisco Jurado, Marcos Tostado-Véliz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: power smoothing; photovoltaic generation system; low pass filter; moving average; monitoring control; microgrid

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:45:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1764.v1

DC Circuit Breaker Evolution, Design, and Analysis

Mehdi Moradian, Tek Tjing Lie, Kosala Gunawardane

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: DC circuit breaker; Mechanical DCCB; Sloid-state DCCB; Hybrid DCCB; DC Microgrids; DC circuit breaker topology; Metal oxide varistor; Surge absorption

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:21:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1723.v1

A Compact Planar Wi-Fi Antenna with Optimized Radiation Patterns for Small UAV Applications

Ya-Lung Yang, Ding-Bing Lin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: planar Wi-Fi antenna; optimized radiation patterns; small UAV; unmanned aerial vehicle; vertically polarized radiation

Online: 25 May 2023 (03:28:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1716.v1

The Study of an Energy Management Strategy Within a Mi-Crogrid With Photovoltaic Production of the <<PROPRE.MA>> Project in the City of Tangier and Integrating V2G Technology

Youssra Doudou, Abdeljabbar Cherkaoui, Mostafa Ezziyyani

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Electric vehicle; microgrid; renewable generator; V2G; management strategy

Online: 25 May 2023 (03:03:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1709.v1

A Novel High Isolation 4-Port Compact MIMO Antenna with DGS for 5G Applications

Cem Güler, Sena Esen Bayer Keskin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: 5G; MIMO; isolation; slot; ECC

Online: 24 May 2023 (10:44:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1623.v1

Stator ITSC Fault Diagnosis for EMU Induction Traction Motor based on Goertzel Algorithm and Random Forest

Jie Ma, Yingxue Li, Liying Wang, Jisheng Hu, Hua Li, Jiyou Fei, Lin Li, Geng Zhao

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Goertzel algorithm; ITSC fault; traction motor; random forest; fault diagnosis

Online: 23 May 2023 (08:31:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1581.v1

Arpan Singh Rajput, Shailja Shukla, Samajh Singh Thakur

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: (m,n)-rung ortho pair fuzzy sets, cosine similarity measure, pattern recognition, Plant leaf Disease)

Online: 23 May 2023 (05:26:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1375.v1

Load Profile and Load Flow Analysis for a Grid System with Electric Vehicles Using a Hybrid Optimization Algorithm

Mlungisi Ntombela, Kabeya Musasa

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Electric vehicles; Internal combustion engine; Voltage profile improvement; Load Profile; Power Grid

Online: 19 May 2023 (04:31:44 CEST)

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Electric vehicles (EVs) will have a greater need for the amount of electricity needed to charge them as their popularity grows. It is anticipated that in order to accomplish this objective, it will be essential to implement a variety of solutions for grid transportation that are designed to complement one another and to make significant changes to the transmission infrastructure. It is possible to reduce the amount of energy that is lost on the power network through strategic planning and control, which may include economic models and methods to engage and reward users. This would eliminate the need for grid upgrades. Charging electric vehicles can also assist alleviate problems with transmission systems that are caused by the allocation of electric vehicles (EVs) using bidirectional charging method. The most significant problems that can occur with a transmission network are power loss and unstable voltage. Adding EV units to the transmission network is typically an effective method for resolving these challenges. As a result, EVs need to have the appropriate arrangement and dimensions. This research establishes where and how many electric vehicles (EVs) should be in a radial transmission network both before and after the adjustment is made. An artificially intelligent (AI) approach, known as a hybrid genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization (HGAIPSO), is used both before and after the radial network modification to find the optimal EV location and size. When electric vehicles are coordinated in an active transmission network, power losses are decreased, voltage profiles are raised, and system stability is increased. These benefits can be attributed to the greater use of electric vehicles. The simulation found that incorporating EVs into the testing system resulted in a considerable decrease in the quantity of power that was wasted. The minimal bus voltage of the system also undergoes similar kinds of enhancements. According to the findings of the comparative study, the proposed method mitigates both the voltage fluctuations and the power losses that occur in the transmission system. For type 1, type 2, and type 3 EV allocations, the IEEE-30 bus test system reduced real power loss by 40.70%, 36.24%, and 42.94%, respectively. IEEE-30 bus voltage reaches 1.01 pu.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1333.v1

Research on Blood Pressure Monitoring Based on Flexible Encapsulated Sensors

Sun Weihong, Chang Weidong

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Continuous blood pressure measurement; MEMS pressure sensor; Flexible packaging; Machine learning

Online: 18 May 2023 (10:42:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1246.v1

UVM: A Pass Transistor-Based Multi-Function Gate Design

Rajesh Datta

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: UVM; Universal logic gate; pass transistors

Online: 17 May 2023 (11:15:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1215.v1

A Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm Based Optimum Reactive Power Dispatch with Distributed Generation Units

Metin Varan, Ali Erduman, Furkan Menevseoglu

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Reactive power dispatch; optimum power flow; grey wolf optimization (GWO); distributed generation units (DGUs); optimum placement

Online: 17 May 2023 (09:48:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1193.v1

Tiny Deep Learning Architectures Enabling Sensor-near Acoustic Data Processing and Defect Localization

Giacomo Donati, Federica Zonzini, Luca De Marchi

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Acoustic Emission Monitoring; Capsule Neural Network; Dilated Convolutional Neural 20 Network; Tiny Machine Learning; Time of Arrival Estimation

Online: 17 May 2023 (05:17:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1153.v1

The Effect of Spread Spectrum Modulation on Power Line Communications

Seda Ustun Ercan, Angel Pena-Quintal, Dave Thomas

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: power line communication; modulation; spread spectrum; dc-dc converter; emi mitigation

Online: 16 May 2023 (10:38:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1141.v1

A Novel High-Power Rotary Waveguide Phase Shifter Based on Circular Polarizers

Qinghe Zhuang, Feng Yan, Zhengfeng Xiong, Meng Yang, Min Liu

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Phase shifter; Circular polarizer; High-power microwave (HPM); Waveguide component

Online: 16 May 2023 (09:38:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1113.v1

Hybrid Source Multi-Port Quasi-Z-Source Converter with Fuzzy Logic-Based Energy Management

Gorkem Say, Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Parvaneh Esmaili

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Energy Management; Quasi-Z-Source; Fuzzy Logic; DC-DC Converter

Online: 16 May 2023 (07:11:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1108.v1

Mathematical Decomposition of Fault Signature using Multinomial Identity and Differentiating for Detection of Broken Rotor Bar in Induction Motor

Habib Behnamnia, Mohammad Mardaneh, Ehsan Jamshidpour

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Fault detection; Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA); Broken Rotor Bar (BRB); Squirrel Cage Induction Motor (SQIM); Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)

Online: 16 May 2023 (05:44:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1107.v1

Mode Characterization and Sensitivity Evaluation of an Ultra-High-Frequency Surface Acoustic Wave (UHF-SAW) Resonator Biosensor: Application to the Glial-Fibrillary-Acidic-Protein (GFAP) Biomarker Detection

Antonio Matteo Passeri, Francesco Lunardelli, Daniele Cavariani, Marco Cecchini, Matteo Agostini

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Biosensors; surface acoustic wave biosensors; Rayleigh mode; shear-horizontal SAW; biosensing; label-free detection; sensitivity; finite element modeling; GFAP biomarker

Online: 16 May 2023 (05:41:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1082.v1

Compressed Gaussian Estimation under Low Precision Numerical Representation

Jose Guivant, Jonghyuk Kim, Karan Narula, Xuesong Li, Subhan Khan

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: CEKF; Compressed Kalman Filter; Compressed Estimation; High Dimensional Estimation; low precision numerical format; integer precision covariance

Online: 16 May 2023 (04:45:09 CEST)

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This paper introduces a method to achieve optimal Gaussian estimation even when operating with low precision numerical representations of the full covariance matrix, such as 16-bit integer or 32-bit single precision formats, instead of more expensive double precision floating point representations (64 bits). The approximation's numerical error is accurately estimated in a conservative manner, resulting in minimal covariance inflation. When combined with a compressed estimator like the GCKF (Global Compressed Kalman Filter), which performs global updates at low frequency, this approach produces estimates that are nearly identical to the optimal ones. The deviation between the results obtained using this new approach and those obtained with the standard GCKF (which operates in double precision) is negligible. This new method is particularly relevant in high-dimensional estimation problems that require high-frequency operation. By leveraging the compressed operation of the GCKF, the estimation process applies the necessary approximation only during low-frequency global updates, using the single precision format instead of the more expensive double precision representations. The introduced numerical approximation is accurately estimated while maintaining a conservative approach, resulting in minimal covariance inflation. When combined with the GCKF, which performs global updates at low frequency, the estimates produced are almost identical to the optimal ones. This approach is particularly useful in high-dimensional estimation problems that require high-frequency operation. By representing the full covariance matrix in a low precision numerical format and applying appropriate scaling, memory usage is significantly reduced, offering substantial benefits for high-dimensional estimation problems and enabling real-time smoothing processes in such cases. By reducing the memory requirements for storing the full covariance matrix, the CPU avoids encountering a high number of page faults, resulting in improved processing performance. Lastly, the experimental section verifies the performance of the proposed approach in a single precision (32-bit floating point) GCKF SLAM process, assessing expected values and standard deviations of marginal PDFs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1070.v1

P2P Coordinated Control Between SPV and STATCOM in a Microgrid for Power Quality Compensation using LSTM-Genetic Algorithm

Durgamadhab Swain, Meera Viswavandya, Ritesh Dash, Kalvakurthi Jyotheeswara Reddy, Dhanamjayulu C, Arunkumar Gopal, Baseem Khan, Dr M Ravindra

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Algorithm; GA; PSO; PSO-LSTM; Search Space

Online: 16 May 2023 (03:26:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1067.v1

Optimization Imposition upon Drone Gimbal Control Electronics

Erhe Zheng, Timothy Sands

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: P+V controller; Double integrator patching filter; control law inversion patching filter; RTOC control; open loop control; feedback control; Monte Carlo model

Online: 16 May 2023 (02:38:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1039.v1

A MATLAB/GUI for Photovoltaic Modules Performance Simulations Based on Two-Diode Model

Liomnis Osorio, Marco Rivera, Víctor Tuninetti, Yoalbys Retirado Mediaceja, Patrick Wheeler

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: V-I characteristic curves; MATLAB/GUI; photovoltaic efficiency; two-diode model

Online: 15 May 2023 (12:01:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1038.v1

Design and validation of a low-cost mobile EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface

Alexander R Craik, Juan Jose Gonzalez-Espana, Ayman Alamir, David Edquilang, Sarah Wong, Lianne Sanchez Rodriguez, Jeff Feng, Gerard E Francisco, Jose L Contreras-Vidal

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Brain Computer Interfaces; Electroencephalography; Mobile EEG; Rehabilitation; Neurodiagnostics; Motor Intent Detection

Online: 15 May 2023 (11:50:40 CEST)

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Objective: Design and validate a wireless, low-cost, easy-to-use, mobile, dry-electrode headset for scalp electroencephalography (EEG) recordings for closed-loop brain-computer (BCI) interface and internet-of-things (IoT) applications. Approach: The EEG-based BCI headset was designed from commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components using a multi-pronged approach that balanced interoperability, cost, portability, usability, form factor, reliability, and closed-loop operation. Main Results: The adjustable headset was designed to accommodate 90\% of the population. A patent-pending self-positioning dry electrode bracket allowed for vertical self-positioning while parting the user's hair to ensure contact of the electrode with the scalp. In the current prototype, five EEG electrodes were incorporated in the electrode bracket spanning the sensorimotor cortices bilaterally, and three skin sensors were included to measure eye movement and blinks. An accelerometer provides monitoring of head movements. The EEG amplifier operates with 24 bits resolution up to 500 Hz sampling frequency, and can communicate with other devices using 802.11 {b/g/n/WiFi}. It has high SNR and CMRR (121 dB and 110 dB, respectively), and low input noise. In closed-loop BCI mode, the system can operate at 40 Hz, including real-time adaptive noise cancellation and 512 MB of processor memory. It supports LabVIEW as backend coding language and JS, CSS, HTML as front-end coding languages, and includes training and optimization of Support Vector Machine (SVM) neural classifiers. Extensive bench testing supports the technical specifications and human subject pilot testing of a closed-loop BCI application to support upper-limb rehabilitation provides proof-of-concept validation for device use at both the clinic and at home. Significance: The low-cost, accessibility, usability, interoperability, and programmability of the proposed closed-loop BCI system provides a low-cost solution for BCI and neurorehabilitation research and IoT applications.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1021.v1

Integrated Demand Response Programs in Energy Hubs: A Review of Applications, Classifications, Models and Future Directions

Innocent Kamwa, Leila Bagherzadeh, Atieh Delavari

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Multi-energy systems (MESs); Renewable Energy; Energy Hubs (EHs), Demand-Side Management; Integrated Demand Response (IDR) Program

Online: 15 May 2023 (10:30:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0975.v1

Enhanced Automated Deep Learning Application for Short Term Load Forecasting

Vasileios Laitsos, Georgios Vontzos, Dimitrios Bargiotas, Aspassia Daskalopulu, Lefteri H. Tsoukalas

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Load Forecasting; Long Short Term Memory; Temporal Convolution Networks; Multilayer Perceptron; Convolutional Neural Networks; CNN-LSTM; Convolutional LSTM Encoder- Decoder; Evaluation Metrics; Power Sector; Data Analysis

Online: 15 May 2023 (04:39:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0931.v1

Cloaking of Equilateral Triangle Patch Antennas and Antenna Arrays with Planar Coated Metasurfaces

Shefali Pawar, Harry Skinner, Seong-Youp Suh, Alexander Yakovlev

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: cloaking; decoupling; metasurfaces; mutual interference; patch antennas

Online: 12 May 2023 (10:54:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0917.v1

Analysis of ML Algorithm for Geriatric Fall Detection Due to the Effects of Various User Characteristics

Purab Nandi, K R Anupama, Himanish Agarwal, Kishan Patel, Vedant Bang, Manan Bharat, Madhen Vyas Guru

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Machine learning; Geriartic fall detection; Dataset; K Nearest Neighbours; Naive Bayes; Logistic Regression; Random Forest; Support Vector Machine

Online: 12 May 2023 (10:00:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0907.v1

Systematic Sampling of Large-Scale LiDAR Point Clouds for Semantic Segmentation in Forestry Robotics

Habibu Mukhandi, Joao Filipe Ferreira, Paulo Peixoto

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: 3D LiDAR sensor; Semantic segmentation; Deep learning; LiDAR intensity

Online: 12 May 2023 (08:49:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0847.v1

Analytical Model for Evaluating the Reliability of Vias and Plated Through-Hole Pads on the PCB

Maksim A. Korobkov, Fedor V. Vasilyev, Olga V. Khomutskaya

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: electronics reliability; design for reliability; design for manufacturing; PCB design rules; PCB vias; PCB plated through-hole pads; PCB teardrops

Online: 11 May 2023 (11:28:24 CEST)

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Nowadays there is a need to increase the density of interconnections on printed circuit boards (PCBs). Does this mean that the only way out for quality PCB manufacturing is to proportional increase in precision of equipment, or is there another way? One of the main constraints to increasing the density of PCB interconnections is the transition holes. As the number of conductive layers increases, the number of vias increases and they cover a significant space on the PCB. On the other hand, reducing the size of the vias is limited by the capability of spatial alignment of the PCB stack during manufacturing. There are standards that set limits for the design of contact pads on a PCB (IPC-A-600G, IPC-6012B). However, depending on the precision of production, the contact pads may be of poor quality. This raises the issue of determining the reliability of a contact pad with defined parameters at the design stage, taking into account manufacturing capabilities. This research proposes an analytical method for evaluation of reliability of a via or plated through-hole based on calculation of its probability of production in accordance with the current standards. On the basis of the method a model was developed both for the case of a contact pad without any conductors connected to it (nonfunctional contact pad) and for the real case with a connected conductor. The model estimates the probability of making an acceptable via for a given reliability class depending on parameters such as the conductor width (minimum permissible and usable), drilled hole diameter and pad diameter, as well as the accuracy of the drilling operation. The analysis of the modeling results showed that for the real case, a reduction in the reliability class would insignificantly affect the probability of making an acceptable via due to the tight limitation on the connection place of the conductor and the contact pad. In conclusion, we propose an algorithm for determining the optimal parameters of teardrops to minimize the negative impact of the conductor on the reliability of the vias.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0773.v1

Design of N-Way Wilkinson Power Dividers with New Input/Output Arrangements for Power Halving Operations

Ceyhun KARPUZ, Mehmet CAKIR, Ali Kursad GORUR, Adnan GORUR

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: N-way; Wilkinson power dividers (WPDs); meandered transmission line; power halving.

Online: 11 May 2023 (03:40:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0749.v1

UFO-Net: A Linear Attention-Based Network for Point Cloud Classification

Sheng He, Peiyao Guo, Zeyu Tang, Dongxin Guo, Lingyu Wan, Huilu Yao

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: point cloud; classification; augmented sampling and grouping; transformer-based; UFO attention

Online: 10 May 2023 (11:26:17 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0746.v1

A Self-Organizing Multi-Layer Agent Computing System for Behavioral Clustering Recognition

Xingyu Qian, Aximu Yuemaier, Wen-Chi Yang, Xiaogang Chen, Longfei Liang, Shunfen Li, Weibang Dai, Zhitang Song

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: field programmable gate array (FPGA); hardware implementation; real-time system; action clustering

Online: 10 May 2023 (11:07:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0697.v1

Advanced Numerical Methods for Graphene Simulation With Equivalent Boundary Conditions: A Review

Yansheng Gong, Na Liu

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: numerical algorithm; computational electromagnetics; graphene; equivalent boundary conditions

Online: 10 May 2023 (07:26:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0611.v1

The Locating Method of Infectious Source based on Bluetooth System of Smart Device

Hongli Qin, Tao Guo, Yunan Han

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Bluetooth; Bluetooth low energy; COVID-19; Contact tracing; Weight-based matching method; smart phones

Online: 9 May 2023 (08:42:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0592.v1

Switching Performance Enhancement in Gallium Oxide-based Multilevel RRAM Devices using Graphene Oxide Insertion Layer

Wang Li-Wen, Huang Chih-Wei, Lee Ke-Jing, Chu Sheng-Yuan, Wang Yeong-Her

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: RRAM; Gallium oxide; Graphene oxide; Bilayer structure; Multilevel storage

Online: 9 May 2023 (08:02:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0527.v1

Scheduling LEO Satellite Transmissions for Remote Water Level Monitoring

Garrett Kinman, Zeljko Zilic, David Purnell

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Internet of Remote Things; LEO satellite transmission; water-level monitoring

Online: 8 May 2023 (10:55:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0419.v1

A Survey on Recent Advancements in Magnetic Integration for Power Electronics – Roadmap toward High Density Integration

Ripun Phukan, Shin-Yu Chen

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Ferrites; Interleaving; Indirectly Coupled Inductors; Nano-crystalline; Litz wire; Magnetic Integration; Matrix Integrated Magnetics (MIMs), Monolithic Magnetics (MM), Partial-discharge (PD), Shielding

Online: 6 May 2023 (10:38:35 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0372.v1

Impacts of Floating Poly on ESD Protection of Power-managed High-voltage LDMOS Components

Xing Chen Mai, Shen-Li Chen, Hung Wei Chen, Yi Mu Lee

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: breakdown voltage; electric field; floating-poly; lattice temperature; n-LDMOS

Online: 6 May 2023 (04:05:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0346.v1

Machine Learning Based Indoor Localization Under Shadowing Condition for P-NOMA VLC Systems

Affan Affan, Hafiz M. Asif, Naser Tarhuni

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Visible Light Communication; Machine Learning; SIC; NOMA; Localization; Shadowing

Online: 5 May 2023 (10:10:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0336.v1

Progress of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Controlling in Dielectric Characterization of Silicone Rubber

Ahmed Thabet Mohamed, Fahad Abdulrahman Almufadi

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Silicone rubber; Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes; Sensors; Dielectric properties; Thermal conditions; Nanocomposites

Online: 5 May 2023 (09:07:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0335.v1

A Review of Printable Antenna Design and Fabrication for Future Wireless Applications

Bello Abdullahi Muhammad, Mohd N. Mahmud, Abdullahi S.B Mohammed, Ahmadu Girigiri, Mohd F. Ain

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: printable antenna; inkjet-printed; gain; Bandwidth; and broadband

Online: 5 May 2023 (09:01:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0282.v1

A Novel Methodology for Classifying Electrical Disturbances Using Deep Neural Networks

Alma Guerrero-Sánchez, Edgar Alejandro Rivas-Araiza, Mariano Garduño-Aparicio, Saúl Tovar-Arriaga, Juvenal Rodriguez-Resendiz, Manuel Toledano-Ayala

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Neural Networks; Deep learning; Multitasking learning; Solar photovoltaic; Smart grids; Multiple Electrical Disturbances; Power quality

Online: 5 May 2023 (03:12:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0249.v1

Quantification of Lithium Plating in Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Impedance Spectrum and Artificial Neural Network

Miao Bai, Chao Lyu, Dazhi Yang, Gareth Hinds

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Artificial neural network; Lithium plating quantification; Equivalent circuit model; Parameter identification; Feature parameters extraction

Online: 4 May 2023 (09:59:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0250.v1

Time Series Optimization-Based Characteristic Curve Calculation for Local Reactive Power Control Using pandapower-PowerModels Interface

Zheng Liu, Maryam Majidi, Haonan Wang, Denis Mende, Martin Braun

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: characteristic curve; optimal power flow; distribution grids; voltage stability; reactive power flexibility

Online: 4 May 2023 (09:57:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0111.v1

Short-Term Load Forecasting of the Greek Power System Using a Dynamic Block-Diagonal Fuzzy Neural Network

George Kandilogiannakis, Paris Mastorocostas, Athanasios Voulodimos, Constantinos Hilas

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Greek power system; electric load forecasting; block-diagonal neurons; fuzzy neural network; internal feedback

Online: 3 May 2023 (07:34:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0099.v1

Coarse Alignment of Gyro-Free Inertial Navigation System

Heyone Kim, Sang Heon Oh, Jae Hoon Son, Dong-Hwan Hwang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Coarse Alignment; Gyro-Free Inertial Navigation System; Distributed Accelerometers; Heading

Online: 3 May 2023 (05:47:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0093.v1

Machine Learning for Precision Agriculture Using Imagery From Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV): A Survey

Imran Zualkernan, Diaa Addeen Abuhani, Maya Hajj Hussain, Jowaria Khan, Mohamed ElMohandes

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Precision Farming; UAVs; Agriculture; Machine Learning; Deep Learning; CNN; Transformers; GANs.

Online: 3 May 2023 (04:33:32 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1237.v1

Low-Profile Broadband Dual-Polarized Dipole Antenna for Base Station Applications

Hao FENG, Mengyuan LI, Zhiyi ZHANG, Jiahui FU, Qunhao ZHANG, Yulin ZHAO

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: dipole antenna; dual-polarized; low-profile; wideband artificial magnetic conductor

Online: 30 April 2023 (02:18:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1203.v1

Recent Advances in Distribution System State Estimation Algorithms: from Model-based to Data-driven Approach

Wasiu Sulaimon, Ibrahim Habiballah

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: distribution system state estimation; topology identification; pseudo-measurement; complex linearization; matrix completion; tensor completion.

Online: 29 April 2023 (04:11:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1182.v1

Implementation of Deep Learning based Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter for V2V and V2G applications in Microgrid - An Experimental Investigation

Sreedhar Madichetty, Mohan Krishna Banda, Shanthi Kumar Nandavaram Banda

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Non-isolated bi-directional converter (NIBC) 2; V2V charger 3; Deep learning 4; High voltage 5; Low voltage

Online: 28 April 2023 (12:54:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1178.v1

A Systematic Review of Energy Management System for Battery/Supercapcitor Electric Vehicle Applications

Aree Wangsupphaphol, Nik Rumzi Nik Idris, Awang Jusoh, Nik Din Muhamad, Sotdhipong Phichaisawat

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: electric vehicle; lithium-ion battery; supercapacitor; power converter; hybrid energy storage system; energy management system

Online: 28 April 2023 (11:24:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1137.v1

V2G Strategies to Flatten the Daily Load Curve in Seoul, South Korea

Sangbong Choi, Changsoo Kim, Backsub Sung

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: V2G strategie; daily load curve; charging location; discharging location; time-of-use (TOU); system marginal price (SMP)

Online: 28 April 2023 (07:25:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1123.v1

Optimized FACTS Devices for Power System Enhancement: Applications and Solving Methods

Ismail Marouani, Tawfik Guesmi, Badr M. Alshammari, Khalid Alqunun, Ahmed S. Alshammari, Saleh Albadran, Hsan Hadj Abdallah, Salem Rahmani

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: FACTS devices; FACTS optimization problem; conventional optimization techniques; Meta heuristic methods; sensitive index methods; mixed methods

Online: 28 April 2023 (05:32:12 CEST)

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Using flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices in power systems while adhering to some equality and inequality constraints, researchers around the world sought to address this issue with the objectives of improving the voltage profile, reducing power losses in transmission lines, and increasing system reliability and safety. The recent development of FACTS controllers opens up new perspectives for safer and more efficient operation of electrical power networks by continuous and rapid action on power systems parameters, such as phase angle shifting, voltage injection and line impedance compensation. Thus, an improvement on voltage profile and enhancement of power transfer capability can be obtained. It is for that, the idea behind the FACTS concept is to enable the transmission system to be an active element in increasing the flexibility of power transfer requirements and in securing stability of integrated power system. It may also be effective in transient stability improvement, power oscillations damping and balancing power flow in parallel lines. The primary issue that has significantly piqued the interest of a number of researchers working in this field is the FACTS optimization problem, which involves determining the optimal type, location, and size of FACTS devices in electrical power systems. For solving this mixed integer, nonlinear and non-convex optimization problem, this paper provides an in-depth and comprehensive review of the various optimization techniques covered in published works in the field. In this review, a classification of optimization techniques in five main groups that are widely used, such as classical optimization techniques or conventional optimization approaches, Meta heuristic methods, analytic methods or sensitive index methods and mixed or hybrid methods, is summarized. In addition, a performance descriptions and comparison of these different optimization techniques are discussed in this study. Finally, some advice is offered for future research in this field.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1034.v1

Stator ITSC Fault Diagnosis of EMU Asynchronous Traction Motor Based on ApFFT Time-shift Phase Difference Spectrum Correction and SVM

Jie Ma, Xiaodong Liu, Jisheng Hu, Jiyou Fei, Geng Zhao, Zhonghuan Zhu

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: ITSC fault; traction motor; fault diagnosis; apFFT; SVM

Online: 27 April 2023 (04:29:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1032.v1

A Review of Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

Wenjing Ma, Wei Han, Qibin Liu, Gang Xu

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: CHP; Cascade utilization of energy; Energy level

Online: 27 April 2023 (04:23:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1013.v1

Solid-Phase Optical Sensing Techniques for Sensitive Virus Detection

Elif Seymour, Fulya Ekiz Kanik, Sinem Diken Gur, MONIREH Bakhshpour-Yucel, Ali Araz, Nese Lortlar Unlu, M. Selim Ünlü

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Solid-phase optical biosensors; virus diagnostics; fluorescence-based sensors; surface plasmon resonance; optical resonators; interferometric biosensors; single virus detection

Online: 27 April 2023 (03:25:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0947.v1

Optimized Power Flow Control to Minimize Congestion in a Modern Power System

Max Bodenstein, Ingo Liere-Netheler, Frank Schuldt, Karsten Von Maydell, Alexander K. Hartmann, Carsten Agert

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: power flow control; distribution system; congestion management; curtailment; UPFC; FACTS; optimization; load flow analysis; renewable energy integration

Online: 26 April 2023 (03:41:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0936.v1

Microwave Humidity Sensor for Early Detection of Sweat and Urine Leakage

Lijuan Su, Paris Vélez, Pau Casacuberta, Jonathan Muñoz-Enano, Ferran Martín

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: planar microwave sensor; humidity sensor; microstrip technology; detection of sweat; detection of urine leakage; enuresis; hyperhidrosis

Online: 26 April 2023 (03:20:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0922.v1

Design and Implementation of an Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer Data Acquisition System for Atmospheric Molecule Identification

Wei Wang, Yongping Li

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: data acquisition; Orbitrap mass spectrometry; spectrum analysis; FPGA; FFT analysis

Online: 25 April 2023 (10:29:05 CEST)

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Orbitrap mass spectrometers have been widely used in environmental component analysis . This paper presents an enhanced data acquisition system for in-situ detection of Orbitrap mass spectrometry, which enables in-suit real-time signal processing and analysis for atmospheric molecules with small mass numbers.During previous space atmospheric explorations, quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS) was usually utilized for analyzing isotopic compositions and complicated compounds in the mixture. However, the inevitable ion scattering and drift during mass transfer, as well as the QMS attenuator loss, result in a relatively lower signal-to-noise ratio of the produced mass spectrum. In recent years, a novel mass spectrometer, called an Orbitrap mass spectrometer, has been gradually accepted and used because of its non-destructive detection ability, high mass resolution, and accuracy. Nevertheless, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) is preferred over the Orbitrap mass spectrometry for ground applications, especially for detecting low-mass components (e.g. below 50 atomic mass units) due to the former’s superior resolution. As the mass number decreases, the detection system demands a higher sampling and processing rate. Additionally, in ground-based scenarios, mass spectrometry analysis software on computers is often employed to analyze the signals. Therefore, in order to achieve in-situ detection of the space atmospheric environment using the Orbitrap mass spectrometer, this paper proposes a real-time signal acquisition and processing system for mass spectrometry analysis. The system comprises of signal conditioning circuits, analog-to-digital conversion circuits, programmable logic circuits, and related software. These components perform spectrum analysis and process the signal in real-time on hardware components, allowing for high-speed acquisition and analysis of the signals produced by the Orbitrap mass spectrometer.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0880.v1

Jetson Nano-Based Low-Cost Safety Enhancement System for the Drivers on the Road

Joyline Dsa, Abhishek S., Dheeraj Rao, V. Balaji, Vikas V. Bangera

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Driver Jetson Nano; Drowsiness Detection; Object Detection (Cigarette & Cell Phone); OpenCV; You Look Only Once (YOLO) Algorithm; Air Fuel Ratio; Engine Control Unit (ECU); Speed Control

Online: 25 April 2023 (03:59:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0857.v1

Investigation of Structural Dependence of Cyclical Thermal Ageing of Low Voltage PVC Insulated Cables

Semih Bal, Zoltán Ádám Tamus

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Accelerated ageing, Dirana; tanδ; LV cable; PVC cables; Cable structure; FDS; PDC

Online: 24 April 2023 (11:24:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0836.v1

Analysis of Inverter Circulating Current and Magnetic Potential For flux-weakening Drive of BLDCM

XiaoKun Li, Song Wang, Lidong Xia

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: BLDC, flux-weakening,circulating current, magnetic potential

Online: 24 April 2023 (09:00:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0764.v1

Recent Advances on GaN-Based Micro-LEDs

Youwei Zhang, Ruiqiang Xu, Qiushi Kang, Xiaoli Zhang, Zi-Hui Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: GaN; micro-LED; non-radiative recombination; EQE; size effect

Online: 23 April 2023 (04:20:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0735.v1

Water Level Control and Monitoring System in a Tank Made With Arduino Uno and NodeMCU ESP8266 Development Boards

Livinti T Petru, Marius V Tivlea, Sorin Eugen Popa

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: water level control; ultrasonic sensor; Arduino Uno, NodeMCU ESP8266

Online: 23 April 2023 (03:10:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0703.v1

Alternative Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Topology for Reducing Voltage and Torque Harmonics in Shaft Generators

Rak-Won Son, Ju Lee

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: surface permanent magnet; modular pole; step-skew; induced voltage; torque pulsation; radial ventilation duct

Online: 21 April 2023 (09:33:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0695.v1

Dynamic Optimal Power Dispatch in Unbalanced Distribution Networks with Single-Phase Solar PV Units and BESS

Jordan Radosavljević, Aphrodite Ktena, Milena Gajic, Miloš Milovanović, Jovana Živić

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: distribution network; PV generation; battery energy storage; optimal power dispatch; uncertainty; scenario reduction

Online: 21 April 2023 (08:50:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0691.v1

Cyber-attacks in Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Sriranga Suprabhath Koduru, Venkata siva Prasad Machina, Sreedhar Madichetty

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Cyber physical systems; Cyber attacks; Artificial Intelligence; Machine learning; Deep learning

Online: 21 April 2023 (08:35:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0690.v1

Theoretical and Simulation Analysis of a Thin Film Temperature Sensor Error Model for In-Situ Detection in Near Space

Guoyan Wang, Chun Hu, Fei Cui, Xiaojun Yang, Dezhi Zheng

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: near space; Joule heat; solar radiation; aerodynamic; temperature correction

Online: 21 April 2023 (08:32:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0670.v1

A Low-Cost Instrument for Multidimensional Characterization of Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies

Rodrigo Gounella, Augusto Martins, Vinicius Pepino, Ben-Hur Viana Borges, Joao Carmo

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: low-cost instrumentation; characterization setup; multidimensional characterization; metasurfaces; millimeter-wave

Online: 21 April 2023 (03:58:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0633.v1

Overview of Various Voltage Control Technologies for Wind Turbines and AC / DC Connection Systems

Yuan-Kang Wu, Deng-Yue Gau, Trinh Duc Tung

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Renewable Energy; Voltage Stability; High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC); Voltage Control; Voltage Droop Control

Online: 20 April 2023 (08:34:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0599.v1

Distributed MPC Method for Power Systems Frequency Control: A Particle Filter Integrated Model for Uncertainty Quantification

Gian Paramo, Arturo Bretas

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Frequency Control; Model Predictive Control; Particle Filter; Phasor Measurement Units; Power Systems

Online: 20 April 2023 (03:12:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0598.v1

Research on Fast Detection Technology of Dark Current in Ge-Si Detector Array

Zhen Gao, Min Tao, Xuetong Li, Junfeng Song, Zijian Liu, Ziming Wang, Chengming Li

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: short wave infrared; LiDAR; photodetector array; dark current detection

Online: 20 April 2023 (03:09:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0588.v1

Investigation of Parallel and Quadrature MIMO Antennas with Double-Notched Structure for UWB Applications

Liang Wang, Ziwei Li, Mengjun Wang, Chao Fan, Hongxing Zheng, Erping Li

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: coplanar waveguide; double band-notched; mutual coupling; MIMO antenna; UWB antenna; isolation; orthogonal elements

Online: 19 April 2023 (10:42:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0552.v1

The Frequency Spectrum Analysis of Wideband Oscillations of Grid-Connected Voltage Source Converter.

Liyi Wang, Deyu Cai

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Voltage Source Converter (VSC); Wideband Oscillations; Equivalent Impedance Model; Modal analysis for VSC

Online: 19 April 2023 (05:53:53 CEST)

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