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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0248.v1

Privacy-Preserving and Secure Solutions for Online English Education Platforms

Jiming Yin, Jie Cui

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: MIoTs; Software-defined MIoTs; Security; Signature; Authentication; Multicast; Online English Education

Online: 5 June 2023 (07:07:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0209.v1

Entanglement Distillation Optimization using Fuzzy Relations for Quantum State Tomography

Timothy Ganesan, Irraivan Elamvazuthi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: practical entanglement distillation; bilevel optimization; fuzzy formulation; quantum state tomography; coupled map lattices; dual annealing

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:08:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0113.v1

Smart Wireless Sensor Technology for Healthcare Monitoring System using Cognitive Radio Networks

Tallat Jabeen, Ishrat Jabeen, Humaira Ashraf, Ata Ullah, N.Z Jhanjhi, Rania M. Ghoniem, Sayan Kumar Ray

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Smart Sensor; Sensing System; Wearable Sensor; Health Monitoring; Encryption

Online: 2 June 2023 (02:36:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2147.v1

Wi-Senser: Contactless Head Movement Detection During Sleep Utilizing WiFi Signals

Yi Fang, Wei Liu, Sun Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Contactless; head movement; health monitoring; WiFi CSI; internet of things

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:05:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2077.v1

End-to-End PQC Encryption Protocol for GPKI-based Video Conferencing System

Yeongjae Park, Hyeondo Yoo, Jieun Ryu, Young-Rak Choi, Ju-Sung Kang, Yongjin Yeom

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: E2EE; Zoom; SFrame; MLS; GPKI

Online: 30 May 2023 (08:02:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1863.v1

A Server Deployment and Task Scheduling Framework in Multi-Edge Collaborative Computing

Piao Lv, KaiFan Wang, Zhen Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Mobile edge computing; Task scheduling; Edge server deployment; Edge server placement; Workload balancing; Latency

Online: 26 May 2023 (05:26:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1752.v1

Tourism Support System to Utilize Virtual Reality Space Reflecting Dynamic Information in Real Time

Yuro Koga, Kayoko Yamamoto

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Tourism Planning, Support System; Web-Geographic Information Systems (Web-GIS), Virtual Reality (VR) Space; Dynamic Information; Social Media

Online: 25 May 2023 (07:25:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1689.v1

Risk-aware Distributionally Robust Optimization for Mobile Edge Computation Task Offloading in Space–Air–Ground Integrated Networks

Zhiyuan Li, Pinrun Chen

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network; Mobile Edge Task Offloading; Distributionally Robust Optimization; Conditional Value at Risk

Online: 24 May 2023 (04:29:42 CEST)

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As an emerging network paradigm, Space-Air-Ground integrated networks (SAGIN) has attracted the attentions from academia and industry. That is because SAGIN can implement seamless global coverage and connections among electronic devices in space, air, and ground spaces. Additionally, the shortages of computing and storage resources in mobile devices greatly affect the quality of experiences for intelligent applications. Hence, we devise to integrate SAGIN as an abundant resource pool into mobile edge computing environments (MEC). To facilitate efficient processing, we need to solve the optimal task offloading decisions. Different from the existing MEC task offloading solutions, we have to face some new challenges, such as the fluctuation of processing capability for an edge computing node, the uncertainty of the transmission latency caused by the heterogeneous network protocols, the uncertain amount of uploaded tasks during a period, and so on. In this paper, we firstly describe a task offloading decision problem in new challenge environments. But, we cannot use the standard robust optimization and stochastic optimization methods to obtain the optimal result under the uncertain network environments. In this paper, we propose the condition value at risk-aware distributionally robust optimization algorithm, named as CVAR-DRO, to solve the task offloading decision problem. The proposed CVAR-DRO method combines the distributionally robust optimization and the condition value at risk model for solving the optimal result. And then, We have evaluated our approach in simulation SAGIN environments with the confidence interval, the number of mobile task-offloading and the various parameters. We compare our proposed CVAR-DRO algorithm with the state-of-the-art algorithms, such as the standard robust optimization algorithm, the stochastic optimization algorithm, the DRO algorithm, and the brute algorithm. The experimental results show that CVAR-DRO can get a sub-optimal mobile task-offloading decision. Overall, CVAR-DRO is more robust than others to the new challenges mentioned above in SAGIN.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1492.v1

Enhancing Industrial Cyber Security, Focusing on Formulating a Practical Strategy for Making Predictions Through Machine Learning Tools in Cloud Computing Environment

Zaheer Abbas, Seunghwan Myeong

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Cloud security; Cloud computing; machine learning; industrial cyber security

Online: 22 May 2023 (09:57:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0944.v1

Towards an Optimized Distributed Message Queue System for the AIoT Edge Computing: A Reinforcement Learning Approach

Zaipeng Xie, Cheng Ji, Lifeng Xu, Mingyao Xia, Hongli Cao

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Artificial intelligence of thing; Message queue system; Reinforcement learning approach; System throughput

Online: 12 May 2023 (11:55:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0683.v1

Improved Authentication and Communication Schemes for Urban Traffic Monitoring in VANETs Based on Cluster Management

Rana Muhammad Amir Latif, Muhammad Jamil, Jinliao He, Muhammad Farhan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Traffic Monitoring; Intelligent Transportation System; VANETs, Cluster-Based Routing Scheme; P2P Wireless Communications

Online: 10 May 2023 (04:17:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0416.v1

Privacy-Aware Cloud Architecture for Collaborative Use of Patients’ Health Information

Fadi Alhaddadin, Jairo Gutierrez

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Cloud Architecture; Data Privacy; Data Confidentiality; Information Sharing; Health Information; Patient Records

Online: 6 May 2023 (10:27:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0304.v1

Blockchain-Enabled Communication Framework for Secure and Trustworthy Internet of Vehicles

Manju Biswas, Debashis Das, Sourav Banerjee, Amrit Mukherjee, Waleed AL-Numay, Utpal Biswas, Yudong Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Blockchain Technology; Transportation Systems; Internet of Vehicles; IoV Communication; Vehicle Security

Online: 5 May 2023 (05:09:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1220.v1

Factors Affecting Avatar Customization Behavior in Virtual Environments

Sixue Wu, Le Xu, Zhaoyang Dai, Younghwan Pan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Virtual environment; Avatar customization; Avatar self-similarity; Avatar identification; Public self-consciousness; Online self-expression; Emotional expression

Online: 29 April 2023 (07:25:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1184.v1

Efficient Mobile Sink Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks using Bipartite Graphs

Anas Abu Taleb, Qasem Abu Al-Haija, Ammar Odeh

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs); Mobility Model; Mobile Sink; Bipartite Graph; Path Planning.

Online: 28 April 2023 (12:59:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0891.v1

Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Video Offloading and Resource Allocation in NOMA-Enabled Networks

Siyu Gao, Yuchen Wang, Nan Feng, Zhongcheng Wei, Jijun Zhao

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: mobile edge computing (MEC); non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA); video offloading; resource allocation; deep reinforcement learning (DRL)

Online: 25 April 2023 (07:03:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0734.v1

A DQN-based Multi-Objective Participant Selection for Efficient Federated Learning

Tongyang Xu, Yuan Liu, Zhaotai Ma, Yiqiang Huang, Peng Liu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Federated Learning; Node Selection; Deep Reinforcement Learning; Multi-Objective; Model Performance

Online: 23 April 2023 (03:02:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0656.v1

Fast-Convergence Reinforcement Learning for Routing in LEO Satellite Networks

Zhaolong Ding, Huijie Liu, Feng Tian, Zijian Yang, Nan Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: LEO satellite networks; satellite routing; multi-agent reinforcement learning; distributed routing

Online: 21 April 2023 (02:25:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0449.v1

Blockchain-Assisted Reputation Management Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

Qian Liu, JunQuan Gong, Qilie Liu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: IoV; MEC; Data Sharing; Reputation Management; Subjective Logic Trust Model; Blockchain

Online: 17 April 2023 (10:40:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0172.v1

Oriented Crossover in Genetic Algorithms for Computer Networks Optimization

Furkan Rabee, Zahir M. Hussain

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Genetic Algorithm; Uniform Crossover; Network Protocol Optimization; Routing Algorithm; Optimization; Oriented Crossover

Online: 11 April 2023 (02:43:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0432.v1

DaFKD: Domain-aware Federated Knowledge Distillation

Haozhao Wang, Yichen Li, Wenchao Xu, Ruixuan Li, Yufeng Zhan, Zhigang Zeng

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Federated Learning; Knowledge Distillation; Domain aware

Online: 24 March 2023 (13:30:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0400.v1

Validity of the Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Models among Runners and Cyclists

Przemysław Seweryn Kasiak, Szczepan Wiecha, Igor Cieśliński, Tim I.M. Takken, Jacek Lach, Marcin Lewandowski, Marcin Barylski, Artur Mamcarz, Daniel Śliż

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: maximal heart rate; endurance athletes; cardiopulmonary exercise test; HRmax; cardiac rehabilitation; running; cycling

Online: 22 March 2023 (14:26:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0221.v1

Ensembles of Convolutional Neural Networks and Transformers for Polyp Segmentation

Loris Nanni, Carlo Fantozzi, Andrea Loreggia, Alessandra Lumini

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: polyp segmentation; computer vision; ensemble; transformers; convolutional neural networks

Online: 13 March 2023 (07:31:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0522.v1

Using HyperLogLog to Prevent Data Retention in Social Media Streaming Data Analytics

Marc Löchner, Dirk Burghardt

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: privacy; social media; data retention; hyperloglog

Online: 28 December 2022 (01:25:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0302.v1

Performance Analysis of Power Spectrum and Power Delay Profile for 5G Network Utilizing Channel Simulator

Nishanthi Chilukuri, Santoshkumar Alagu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: FD-MIMO; LTE/LTE-A; New 5G RAN; NYUSIM; Power delay profile; power spectrum

Online: 16 December 2022 (10:05:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0058.v2

Using Incremental Ensemble Learning Techniques to Design Portable Intrusion Detection for Computationally Constraint Systems

Promise Ricardo Agbedanu, Richard Musabe, James Rwigema, Ignace Gatare

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Internet of Things; Incremental Machine Learning; Intrusion Detection System; Online Machine Learning; Cyber-Security; Ensemble Learning

Online: 7 September 2022 (11:47:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0058.v1

A Lightweight Intrusion Detection for Internet of Things Using Incremental Ensemble Learning

Promise Ricardo Agbedanu, Richard Musabe, James Rwigema, Ignace Gatare

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Internet of Things; Incremental Machine Learning; Intrusion Detection System; Online Machine Learning; Cyber-Security; Ensemble Learning

Online: 5 September 2022 (10:37:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0489.v2

A Blockchain-based Edge Computing Architecture for the Internet of Things

Aleksandar Tošić, Jernej Vičič, Michael David Burnard, Michael Mrissa

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Fault Tolerance; Blockchain; Internet of Things; Edge Computing; Peer to Peer; Decentralized; Sensor Networks; Verifiable Delay Functions

Online: 10 August 2022 (15:41:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0115.v1

Internet of Things Aware Secure Dew Computing Architecture for Distributed Hotspot Network: A Conceptual Study

Partha Pratim Ray, Karolj Skala

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Dew computing; Internet of Things; Blockchain; Hotspot Network

Online: 5 August 2022 (03:46:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0281.v1

Software-Defined Networks for Optical Networks using Flexible Orchestration : Advances, Challenges and Opportunities

Kenneth Nsafoa-Yeboah, Eric Tchao, Bright Yeboah-Akowuah, Benjamin Kommey, Andrew Selasi Agbemenu, Eliel Keelson, Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Optical networks; software-defined networks; fifth-generation wireless network(5G); network service orchestrators; customer- specific requirements; Quality of service, flexibility.

Online: 19 July 2022 (07:44:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0209.v1

Quantum Oblivious Transfer: a Short Review

Manuel Batalha dos Santos, Paulo Carreira Mateus, Armando Nolasco Pinto

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Quantum cryptography; Oblivious transfer; Secure multiparty computation; Private database query

Online: 15 June 2022 (02:31:33 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0269.v2

The Short Survey of ICT in Education in Japan

Takaaki Fujita

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: ICT in education; ICT equipment; cost

Online: 21 February 2022 (10:55:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0288.v1

GIS Planning, Web and 3D Web GIS Applications for the Management and Analysis of MV/LV Electrical Networks in the Region of Medjez el Bab (North-West of Tunisia)

Mohamed Hafedh Hamza, Mohamed Chmit

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: MV/LV network; GIS planning; Spatial network analysis; 3D virtual city; Web and 3D Web GIS applications

Online: 20 January 2022 (08:32:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0489.v1

A Blockchain-based Edge Computing Architecture for the Internet of Things

Aleksandar Tošić, Jernej Vičič, Michael David Burnard, Michael Mrissa

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Fault Tolerance; Blockchain; Internet of Things; Edge Computing; Peer to Peer; Decentralized; Sensor Networks; Verifiable Delay Functions

Online: 25 November 2021 (16:18:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0419.v1

Ensuring Sustainability of a Mobile Legacy Network by Improving Network KPIs using Six Sigma DMAIC Framework with AHP based Analysis

Malaya Kumar Mishra, Tapan Kumar Das, Kathiravan Srinivasan, Dushantha Nalin Jayakody

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: analytic hierarchy process; call setup success rate; mobile network; quality of service; six sigma

Online: 24 September 2021 (08:29:36 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0621.v1

Advanced Persistent Threat Detection and Defence (APT)

Hassan Adeyoola

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: cyber-criminal; organization; Advanced Persistent Threat; undercover activities

Online: 25 June 2021 (12:13:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0514.v1

REVOHPR: Relay-based Void Hole Prevention and Repair by Virtual Routing in Clustered Multi-AUV Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Amir Chaaf, Mohammed Saleh Ali Muthanna, Ammar Muthanna, Soha Alhelaly, Ibrahim A. Elgendy, Abdullah M. Iliyasu, Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Underwater Wireless Sensor Network, Void Hole Prevention and Repair, Clustering, Virtual Routing, Multi-AUVs and Relay Selection

Online: 21 June 2021 (14:00:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0164.v1

Blockchain and Internet of Things: A Survey

Tanweer Alam

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Blockchain, Internet of Things, Security, Privacy, Wireless Communication.

Online: 7 June 2021 (10:50:54 CEST)

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In the age of next-generation computer, the role of the cloud, the internet and smart devices will become stronger. These days we all know the word smart well. This word is often used in our daily lives. The Internet of Things (IoT) will generate a variety of information from a variety of resources. It can store big data in the cloud. Fog computing acts as a signal between cloud and IoT. Fog extensions in this framework apply to material under IoT. IoT devices are called Fog nodes, which can be accessed anywhere within the network range. A blockchain is a novel way of recording in a secure sequence. Creating a new framework in the development of Internet of Things is one of the critical problems of wireless communication where solving such a problem can lead to continued growth in the use and popularity of IoT. Proposed research creates a framework for providing a framework for middleware on the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using blockchains technology. Our great offering connects new research that integrates blockchains into the Internet of Things and provides secure Internet connection for smart devices. Blockchain (BC) Internet of Things (IoT) is a new technology that works with low-level, distributed, public and real-time leaders to maintain transactions between IoT sites. A blockchain is a series of blocks, each block being linked to its previous blocks. All blocks have cryptographic hash code, previous block hash, and its data. Transactions in BC are the basic components used to transfer data between IoT nodes. IoT nodes are a variety of portable but smart devices with embedded sensors, actuators, systems and the ability to communicate with other IoT nodes. The role of BC in IoT is to provide a process for processing secure data records using IoT nodes. BC is a protected technology that can be used publicly and openly. IoT requires this type of technology to allow secure communication between IoT nodes in different environments. Events in BC can be tracked and monitored by anyone who is certified to communicate within IoT.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0183.v1

A Network Intrusion Based Detection System for Cloud Computing Environment

Taskeen Zaidi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Intrusion detection systems; machine learning; NSL-KDD; feature selection; classification model; SBDS, ABDS, Snort, SVM

Online: 6 April 2021 (17:59:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0587.v1

Investigation of the Scattering Noise in Underwater Optical Wireless Communications

Behnaz Majlesein, Asghar Gholami, Zabih Ghassemlooy

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: UOWC; scattering; scattering noise

Online: 24 March 2021 (13:11:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0637.v1

Analysis of the Cost of Varying Levels of User Perceived Quality for Internet Access

Ali Adib Arnab, John Schormans, Sheikh Razibulhasan Raj, Nafi Ahmad

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Mean Opinion Score (MOS); Quality of Experience (QoE); bandwidth; bandwidth cost; Quality of Service (QoS)

Online: 30 October 2020 (12:55:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0541.v1

Towards Connectionless Communication for Local Message Dissemination

Ying Mao

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Mobile Ad-hoc networks; passive broadcast; message dissemination

Online: 27 October 2020 (09:02:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0630.v1

Cyber Attacks in the Era of COVID-19 and Possible Solution Domains

Isaac Chin Eian, Lim Ka Yong, Majesty Yeap Xiao Li, Yeo Hui Qi, Fatima Z

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Cyber security; cyber attacks; Covid-19; attack vulnerabilities

Online: 26 September 2020 (12:47:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0372.v1

OSA Patient Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things Framework

Liangming Cai, Jingrong Le, Xuxin Ruan, Min Du

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: IoT; OSA patient rescue system; Beidou indicator

Online: 17 September 2020 (04:19:35 CEST)

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This paper presents an OSA patient interactive monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) framework. This system allows OSA patients to get timely rescue when they are sleepy outside. Because the Beidou position marker has an interactive function, it can reduce the anxiety of the patient while waiting for the rescue. At the same time, if a friend helps the OSA patients to call the doctor, the friend can also report the patient's condition in time. This system uses the popular IoT framework. At the bottom is the data acquisition layer, which uses wearable sensors to collect vital signs from patients, with a focus on ECG and SpO2 signals. The middle layer is the network layer that transmits the collected physiological signals to the Beidou indicator using the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol. The top layer is the application layer, and the application layer uses the mature rescue interactive platform of Beidou. Since the GPS indicator has not included the communication satellite, So it has no SMS function. OSA patients can only passively wait for a rescue. Moreover, due to the lack of satellites in Asia and the insufficient density of the ground-enhanced system, the positioning error of OSA patients is large. The Beidou system developed by China itself, the main coverage of the satellite is in Asia, and is equipped with a high-density ground-based augmentation system. Therefore, the Beidou model improves the positioning accuracy and is equipped with a special communication satellite, which increases the short message interaction function. Therefore, patients can report disease progression in time while waiting for a rescue. After our simulation test, the effectiveness of the OSA patient rescue monitoring system based on the Internet of Things framework and the positioning accuracy of OSA patients have been greatly improved. Especially when OSA patients work outdoors, the cell phone base station signal coverage is relatively weak. The satellite signal is well covered, plus the SMS function of the Beidou indicator. Therefore, the system can be used to provide timely patient progress and provide data support for the medical rescue team to provide a more accurate rescue plan. After a comparative trial, the rescue rate of OSA patients using the detection device of this system was increased by 15 percentage points compared with the rescue rate using only GPS satellite phones.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0539.v1

Communication Networks used by Smallholder Livestock Farmers in Disease Outbreaks: Case Study of the Free State, South Africa

Christopher Nwafor, Ifeoma Nwafor

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Correlation; Disease; Extension; Information-Score; Livestock; Perceived-Usefulness

Online: 25 August 2020 (05:01:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0360.v1

VH-FL: Intelligent Vertical Handoff based on Fuzzy Logic Decision

Rushdi Hamamreh

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Vertical Handoff; Fuzzy Logic; wireless systems; IVH-FL

Online: 17 August 2020 (10:21:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0693.v1

When 5G Meets Deep Learning: A Systematic Review

Guto Leoni Santos, Patricia Takako Endo, Djamel Sadok, Judith Kelner

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: 5G; deep learning; reinforcement learning; systematic review; cellular networks

Online: 29 July 2020 (11:12:32 CEST)

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This last decade, the amount of data exchanged in the Internet increased by over a staggering factor of 100, and is expected to exceed well over the 500 exabytes by 2020. This phenomenon is mainly due to the evolution of high speed broadband Internet and, more specifically, the popularization and wide spread use of smartphones and associated accessible data plans. Although 4G with its long-term evolution (LTE) technology is seen as a mature technology, there is continual improvement to its radio technology and architecture such as in the scope of the LTE Advanced standard, a major enhancement of LTE. But for the long run, the next generation of telecommunication (5G) is considered and is gaining considerable momentum from both industry and researchers. In addition, with the deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) applications, smart cities, vehicular networks, e-health systems, and Industry 4.0, a new plethora of 5G services has emerged with very diverging and technologically challenging design requirements. These include: high mobile data volume per area, high number of devices connected per area, high data rates, longer battery life for low-power devices, and reduced end-to-end latency. Several technologies are being developed to meet these new requirements. Among these we list ultra-densification, millimeter Wave usage, antennas with massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), antenna beamforming to increase spacial diversity, edge/fog computing, among others. Each of these technologies brings its own design issues and challenges. For instance, ultra-densification and MIMO will increase the complexity to estimate channel condition and traditional channel state information (CSI) estimation techniques are no longer suitable due to the complexity of the new scenarios. As a result, new approaches to evaluate network condition such as by continuously collecting and monitoring key performance indicators become necessary. Timely decisions are needed to ensure the correct operation of such network. In this context, deep learning (DL) models could be seen as one of the main tools that can be used to process monitoring data and automate decisions. As these models are able to extract relevant features from raw data (images, texts, and other types of unstructured data), the integration between 5G and DL looks promising and one that requires exploring. As main contributions, this paper presents a systematic review about how DL is being applied to solve some 5G issues. We examine data from the last decade and the works that addressed diverse 5G problems, such as physical medium state estimation, network traffic prediction, user device location prediction, self network management, among others. We also discuss the main research challenges when using DL models in 5G scenarios and identify several issues that deserve further consideration.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Design of a Predictive Model of A Rock Breakage by Blasting Using Artificial Neural Networks

Jimmy Aurelio Rosales-Huamani, Robert Saenz Perez-Alvarado, Uwe Rojas-Villanueva, Jose Luis Castillo-Sequera

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: artificial neural networks; rock breakage; rock blasting

Online: 23 July 2020 (10:16:24 CEST)

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Over the years, various models have been developed in the stages of the mining process that have allowed predicting and enhancing results, but it is the breakage the variable that connects all the activities of the mining process from the point of view of costs (drilling, blasting, loading, hauling, crushing and grinding). To improve this process, we come up with an idea to develop a breakage prediction model; on the basis of the main variables involved in the drilling and blasting process. For this purpose, we design a computer model based on an Artificial Neuronal Networks (ANN), built by using the most representative variables that come into play with drilling and blasting, such as: the properties of the explosives, the geomechanical parameters of the rock mass, and the design parameters of drilling-blasting. For its experimentation and validation, we have taken the data from a copper mine as reference located in the north of Chile, because of we have the dataset of that ore deposit, which is valid and reliable to evaluate prediction problems based on ANN applied to copper mines. The ANN architecture was of the supervised type, feedforward, with 3 layers and 13 neurons in the only hidden layer, trained with the input data using a dataset with the previously mentioned variables, which then were compared with the breakage results. The model was feed backed in its learning process until it becomes perfected, and is a prediction option that can be used in future blasting of ore deposits with similar characteristics using the same representative variables. Therefore, this is a valid alternative for predicting rock breakage, given that it has been experimentally validated, and has achieved moderately reliable results, providing higher correlation coefficients than traditional models, and with the additional advantage that an ANN model provides, due to its ability to learn and recognize compiled dataset patterns. In this way, using this computer model we can obtain satisfactory results that allow us to predict breakage, providing an alternative for evaluating the costs that this entails.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0191.v1

A Decision Tree Based Intrusion Detection System for Identification of Malicious Web Attacks

Samir Bandyopadhyay, Ratul Chowdhury, Pallabi Banerjee, Soumya Deep Dey, Banani Saha

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Intrusion Detection System; NSL-KDD Dataset; One Hot Encoding; Information Gain; Decision Tree

Online: 9 July 2020 (12:23:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0187.v1

A Step Forward to Revolutionise IntrusionDetection System Using Deep Convolution Neural Network

Samir Bandyopadhyay, Ratul Chowdhury, Arindam Roy, Banani Saha

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Intrusion Detection System; NSL-KDD Dataset; One Hot Encoding; Information Gain; Convolution Neural Network

Online: 9 July 2020 (12:14:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0066.v1

NTRU-Like Random Congruential Public-Key Cryptosystem for Wireless Sensor Networks

Anas Ibrahim, Alexander Chefranov, Nagham Hamad, Yousef-Awwad Daraghmi, Ahmad Al-Khasawneh, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Wireless sensor network; Internet of Things; random congruential public-key cryptosystem; lattice; NTRU; polynomial; lattice basis reduction attack; LLL algorithm; Gaussian lattice reduction

Online: 5 July 2020 (11:24:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0159.v1

Rural Smallholder Farmers' Awareness and Use of ICT-Based Market Information Sources in South Africa

Christopher Nwafor, Carlu van der Westhuizen, Abiodun Ogundeji

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: awareness; livestock farmer; ICT-source; market information; rural; smallholder

Online: 9 May 2020 (08:46:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.3390/sci2010007

Static and Dynamic Evaluation of an UWB Localization System for Industrial Applications

Mickaël Delamare, Remi Boutteau, Xavier Savatier, Nicolas Iriart

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: indoor localization; Ultra WideBand (UWB); range estimation

Online: 29 February 2020 (00:00:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0279.v1

Survey of Network Coding Based P2P File Sharing in Large Scale Networks

Anas AbuDaqa, Ashraf Mahmoud, Marwan Abu-Amara, Tarek Sheltami

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Content distribution networks; Peer-to-peer computing; Random Linear network coding; File sharing; rarest-piece issue; information thoery

Online: 19 February 2020 (11:42:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0142.v1

Energy Efficient Clustering and Shortest-Path Routing Protocol (EECSRP) in Wireless Sensor Networks

Muhammad Inam, Zhou Li, Zulfiqar Ali Zardari, Fawaz Mahiuob Mohammed Mokbal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: wireless sensor networks; energy efficiency; cluster head; residual energy; gradient based routing

Online: 10 December 2019 (16:10:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0211.v1

Rational Design of a Novel Smart Mobile Communication System for Arabian Deaf and Dumb

Amal S. Eldesoky, Kamel Eid, Aboubakr M. Abdullah

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: sign language; flexible resistance; arab deaf; gloves sensors; accelerometer

Online: 21 June 2019 (09:43:53 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Blockchain and Its Role in the Internet of Things (IoT)

Tanweer Alam

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: blockchain; Internet of Things (IoT); bryptography; security; communication

Online: 28 May 2019 (17:44:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0316.v1

A Randomized Watermarking Technique for Detecting Malicious Data Injection Attacks in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks for Internet of Things Applications

Arwa Alromih, Mznah Al-Rodhaan, Yuan Tian

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT); wireless sensor network (WSN); data integrity; watermark; data injection attack

Online: 13 November 2018 (13:14:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0443.v1

Fuzzy Multicriteria Analysis for Performance Evaluation of Internet of Things Based Supply Chains

Santoso Wibowo, Srimannarayana Grandhi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: group decision makers; multicriteria analysis; performance evaluation; internet of things; intuitionistic environment

Online: 19 October 2018 (08:08:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0592.v1

Controlling Data Flows in Computer Networks

Ahmad AbdulQadir AlRababah

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: data transmission; data stream; input output buffers; telecommunication devices; data packets; blocks of memory; switching matrix; high priority packets; bitstaffing

Online: 30 September 2018 (04:04:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0014.v1

Almost Fully Secure Lattice-Based Group Signatures with Verifier-Local Revocation

Maharage Nisanasla Sevwandi Perera, Takeshi Koshiba

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: lattice-based group signatures; verifier-local revocation; anonymity; almost-full anonymity; traceability

Online: 1 August 2018 (10:00:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0028.v1

What Characterizes the Polymodal Media of the Mobile Phone? The Multiple Media within the World’s Most Popular Medium

Martin Hilbert, Ashwin Aravindakshan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: mobile apps; polymedia; mobile phone; technology adoption; human-to-machine communication; media classification

Online: 4 June 2018 (09:59:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0313.v1

Cross-Modal Multistep Fusion Network with Co-Attention for Visual Question Answering

Mingrui Lao, Yanming Guo, Hui Wang, Xin Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: visual question answering; cross-modal multistep fusion network; attention mechanism

Online: 24 April 2018 (09:09:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0065.v1

Haptic Virtual Reality and Immersive Learning for Enhanced Organic Chemistry Instruction

Bosede Iyiade Edwards, Kevin S. Bielawski, Rui F. Prada, Adrian David Cheok

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: virtual reality; immersive learning; haptics; chemistry education; organic chemistry; hydrocarbons; middle school science; introductory chemistry; hands-on learning; gamification

Online: 5 April 2018 (05:59:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0229.v1

Technology-Embedded Hybrid Learning

Muzammil Behzad, Nida Adnan, Sanna Aziz Merchant

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: CIIT virtual campus, CLOs, educational tools, hybrid learning, integrated management system, learning management system, PLOs, technology-embedded teaching, web-based teaching.

Online: 27 March 2018 (15:47:05 CEST)

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With the rapid surge in technological advancements, an equal amount of investment in technology-embedded teaching has become vital to pace up with the ongoing educational needs. Distance education has evolved from the era of postal services to the use of ICT tools in current times. With the aid of globally updated content across the board, technology usage ensures all students receive equal attention without any discrimination. Importantly, web-based teaching allows all kind of students to learn at their own pace, without the fear of being judged, including professionals who can learn remotely without disturbing their job schedules. Having web-based content allows low-cost and robust implementation of the content upgradation. An improved, yet effective, version of the education using such tools is Hybrid Learning (HL). This learning mode aims to provide luxurious reinforcement to its legitimate candidates while maintaining the quality standards of various elements. Incorporated with both traditional and distance learning methods, along with exploiting social media tools for increased comfort level and peer-to-peer collaboration, HL ultimately facilitates the end user and educational setup. The structure of such a hybrid model is realized by delivering the study material via a learning management system (LMS) designed in compliance with quality standards, which is one of the fundamental tackling techniques for controlling quality constraints. In this paper, we present the recently piloted project by COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT) which is driven by technology-embedded teaching model. This model is an amalgam of the traditional class room model with the aid of state-of-the-art online learning technologies. The students are enrolled as full-time students, with all the courses in traditional classroom mode, except one course offered as hybrid course. This globally adapted model helps the students to benefit from both face-to-face learning as well as gaining hands-on experience on technology-enriched education model providing flexibility of timings, learning pace, and boundaries. Our HL model is equipped with two major synchronous and asynchronous blocks. The synchronous block delivers real-time live interaction scenarios using discussion boards, thereby providing a face-to-face environment. Interactions via social network has witnessed equally surging improvement in the output performance. The asynchronous block refers to the lecture videos, slides and handouts, prepared by imminent professors, available 24/7 for students. To ensure quality output, our HL model follows the course learning outcomes (CLOs), and program learning outcomes (PLOs) as per international standards. As a proof of concept, we have deployed a mechanism at the end of each semester to verify the effectiveness of our model. This mechanism fundamentally surveys the satisfaction levels of all the students enrolled in the HL courses. With the surveys already conducted, a significant level of satisfaction has been noted. Extensive results from these surveys are presented in the paper to further validate the efficiency and robustness of our proposed HL model.

Preprint DATA DESCRIPTOR | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0139.v1

Sigfox and LoRaWAN Datasets for Fingerprint Localization in Large Urban and Rural Areas

Michiel Aernouts, Rafael Berkvens, Koen Van Vlaenderen, Maarten Weyn

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: IoT; LPWAN; Sigfox; LoRaWAN; localization; fingerprinting

Online: 19 March 2018 (05:38:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0096.v2

Application of a Lightweight Encryption Algorithm to a Quantized Speech Image for Secure IoT

Mourad Talbi, Med Salim Bouhalel

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: IoT; security; encryption; quantized speech image; SNR; PESQ; histogram; entropy; correlation

Online: 15 February 2018 (19:57:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0096.v1

Application of a Lightweight Encryption Algorithm to a Quantized Speech Image for Secure IoT

Mourad Talbi, Med Salim Bouhalel

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: IoT; security; encryption; quantized speech image; SNR; PESQ; histogram; entropy; correlation

Online: 13 February 2018 (09:23:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0009.v1

On the Performance of the Cache Coding Protocol

Behnaz Maboudi, Hadi Sehat, Peyman Pahlevani, Daniel E. Lucani

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Cache Coding, Source Coding, Absorbing Markov Chain

Online: 1 February 2018 (16:45:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0116.v1

Fog Computing in Medical Internet-of-Things: Architecture, Implementation and Applications

Harishchandra Dubey

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: big data； body area network；body sensor network；edge computing；Fog Computing； Medical Cyberphysical Systems； medical internet-of-things；telecare； tele-treatment；wearable devices

Online: 26 June 2017 (06:24:07 CEST)

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In the era when the market segment of Internet of Things (IoT) tops the chart in various business reports, it is apparently envisioned that the field of medicine expects to gain a large benefit from the explosion of wearables and internet-connected sensors that surround us to acquire and communicate unprecedented data on symptoms, medication, food intake, and daily-life activities impacting one’s health and wellness. However, IoT-driven healthcare would have to overcome many barriers, such as: 1) There is an increasing demand for data storage on cloud servers where the analysis of the medical big data becomes increasingly complex; 2) The data, when communicated, are vulnerable to security and privacy issues; 3) The communication of the continuously collected data is not only costly but also energy hungry; 4) Operating and maintaining the sensors directly from the cloud servers are non-trial tasks.This book chapter defined Fog Computing in the context of medical IoT. Conceptually, Fog Computing is a serviceoriented intermediate layer in IoT, providing the interfaces between the sensors and cloud servers for facilitating connectivity, data transfer, and queryable local database. The centerpiece of Fog computing is a low-power, intelligent, wireless, embedded computing node that carries out signal conditioning and data analytics on raw data collected from wearables or other medical sensors and offers efficient means to serve telehealth interventions. We implemented and tested an fog computing system using the Intel Edison and Raspberry Pi that allows acquisition, computing, storage and communication of the various medical data such as pathological speech data of individuals with speech disorders, Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal for heart rate estimation, and Electrocardiogram (ECG)-based Q, R, S detection. The book chapter ends with experiments and results showing how fog computing could lessen the obstacles of existing cloud-driven medical IoT solutions and enhance the overall performance of the system in terms of computing intelligence, transmission, storage, configurable, and security. The case studies on various types of physiological data shows that the proposed Fog architecture could be used for signal enhancement, processing and analysis of various types of bio-signals.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0076.v1

Smart Card-Based Secure Authentication Protocol in Multi-Server IoT Environment

Won-il Bae, Jin Kwak

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: user authentication; multi server; internet of things; formal verification; security

Online: 9 May 2017 (04:38:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0032.v1

Spectrum-Availability Based Routing for Cognitive Sensor Networks

Lichen Zhang, Zhipeng Cai, Peng Li, Xiaoming Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: internet of thing; IoT; cognitive sensor networks; forwarding; spectrum-availability; retransmission

Online: 10 October 2016 (12:17:22 CEST)

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Computer Science and Mathematics