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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0361.v1

Impact of Sex in Left Atrial Indices for Prognosis of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Shiro Hoshida, Koichi Tachibana, Nobutaka Masunaga, Yukinori Shinoda, Tomoko Minamisaka, Hirooki Inui, Keisuke Ueno, Masahiro Seo, Masamichi Yano, Takaharu Hayashi, Akito Nakagawa, Yusuke Nakagawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Takahisa Yamada, Yoshio Yasumura, Yohei Sotomi, Shungo Hikoso, Daisaku Nakatani, Yasushi Sakata

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Ed/Ea; Fine-Gray model; HFpEF; LAVI; sex

Online: 23 September 2022 (08:09:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0529.v1

Inhibition of Pathological Myofibroblast Differentiation of Valvular Interstitial Cell by Atorvastatin, Olmesartan, and Resveratrol in Experimental Heart Valve Model “Contemporary Model with Rabbit Valve”

Denny Suwanto, Achmad Lefi, Budi Baktijasa Dharmadjati, Yudi Her Oktaviono, Agus Subagjo, Oryza Sativa, Dita Aulia Rachmi, Ricardo Adrian Nugraha

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Myofibroblast; Atorvastatin; Olmesartan; Resveratrol; Valvular Interstitial Cell

Online: 31 August 2022 (02:55:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0342.v1

Cardioprotective Effects of Grapefruit Integropectin Extracted via Hydrodynamic Cavitation from By-Products of Citrus Fruits Industry: Role of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels

Lorenzo Flori, Lorenzo Albanese, Vincenzo Calderone, Francesco Meneguzzo, Mario Pagliaro, Rosaria Ciriminna, Federica Zabini, Lara Testai

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Citrus flavonoids; naringin; naringenin; pectin; byproducts; anti-ischemic myocardial protection; hydrodynamic cavitation

Online: 18 August 2022 (10:54:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0295.v1

Relationship between Coronary Arterial Geometry and the Presence and Extend of Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden: A Review Discussing Methodology and Findings in the Era of Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography

Georgios Rampidis, Vasileios Rafailidis, Konstantinos Kouskouras, Andjoli Davidhi, Angeliki Papachristodoulou, Athanasios Samaras, George Giannakoulas, Antonios Ziakas, Panagiotis Prassopoulos, Haralambos Karvounis

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: coronary; atherosclerosis; cardiac CT; geometry

Online: 17 August 2022 (03:24:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0205.v1

The Antiatherogenic Effects of Flavonoid on Cholesterol Efflux Capacity

Maha Ayoub

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Cholesterol efflux; flavonoids; HDL; quercetin; reverse cholesterol transport

Online: 11 August 2022 (03:33:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0151.v1

Cardiovascular Effects of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents

Suyanee Mansanguan, Prakaykaew Charunwatthana, Watcharapong Piyaphanee, Wilanee Dechkhajorn, Akkapon Poolcharoen, Chayasin Mansanguan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine; COVID-19 vaccine; cardiovascular effects; myocarditis; adolescents; Thailand

Online: 8 August 2022 (10:40:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0070.v1

Regenerative Potential of Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin to Accelerate Differentiation of Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cardiomyocytes-like Cells

I Gde Rurus Suryawan, Andrianto Andrianto, Arisya Agita, Anudya Kartika Ratri, Ricardo Adrian Nugraha

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: adipocyte-derived mesenchymal stem cells; cardiomyocyte-like cells; platelet rich fibrin; growth factor; stem cell therapy

Online: 3 August 2022 (03:31:51 CEST)

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Background: There is several challenges to solve irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes due to myocardial infarction. Cell therapy is believed as an ideal treatment for cardiac regeneration in the infarct area. Obtaining adipose-derived stem cells increases seems to be promising, however it is limited by the capacity to differentiate. Stimulation by injectable platelet-rich fibrin appears to have the beneficial effects to accelerate cardiomyocyte-like cells differentiation. Objective: To analyse the benefit of injectable platelet-rich fibrin to accelerate differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Methods: This study is a true experimental randomized post-test design study. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adipose tissues and cultured until 4 passages. The characteristics of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were measured by the expression of CD 34-, CD 45-, and CD 105+ using flowcytometry. The samples were divided into 3 groups, i.e. negative control (α-MEM), positive control (differentiation medium) and treatment group (platelet-rich fibrin). The assessment of GATA-4 marker expression was conducted using flowcytometry on the fifth day and troponin was conducted using immunocytochemistry on the tenth day to determine the differentiation to cardiomyocyte. Data analysis was conducted using T-test and One-Way ANOVA on normally distributed data determined through Shapiro-Wilk test. Results: Flowcytometry on GATA-4 expression revealed significant difference on addition of platelet-rich fibrin compared with negative and positive controls (68.20 ± 6.82 vs 58.15 ± 1.23; p<0.05; 68.20 ± 6.82 vs 52.96 ± 2.02; p<0.05). This was supported by the results of immunocytochemistry on troponin expression which revealed significant difference between platelet-rich fibrin group compared with negative and positive controls (50.66 ± 7.2 vs 10.73 ± 2.39; p<0.05; 50.66 ± 7.2 vs 26.00 ± 0.4; p<0.05). Conclusion: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin has beneficial effect to accelerate differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0030.v1

The Endothelial Transcription Factor ERG Mediates a Differential Role in the Aneurysmatic Ascending Aorta with Bicuspid or Tricuspid Aorta Valve: A Preliminary Study

Calogera Pisano, Carmela RIta Balistreri, Sonia Terriaca, Maria Giovanna Scioli, Paolo Nardi, Augusto Orlandi, Giovanni Ruvolo

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: ascending aorta aneurysm; bicuspid aorta valve; tricuspid aorta valve; ERG transcriptional factor pathway; TGF-β-SMAD, Notch, and NO pathways modulation.

Online: 2 August 2022 (03:43:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0027.v1

Dilemmas in the Choice of Adequate Therapeutic Treatment in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism - from Modern Recommendations to Clinical Application

Ratko Lasica, Milika Asanin, Lazar Djukanovic, Nebojsa Radovanovic, Lidija Savic, Marija M. Polovina, Sanja Stankovic, Arsen Ristic, Marija Zdravković, Andjelka Lasica, Jelena Kravic, Jovan Perunicic

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: acute pulmonary embolism; dilemmas; therapeutic treatment; recommendations; clinical application

Online: 2 August 2022 (03:12:56 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0325.v3

The adapted Autonomic Profile (aAP) Home-Based Test for the Evaluation of Neuro-Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction

Manoj Sivan, Joanna Corrado, Christopher Mathias

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: autonomic failure; lean test; active stand; long covid; Post-COVID-19 condition

Online: 28 July 2022 (03:42:35 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0381.v1

Caspofungin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients Treating for Candidemia

Roya Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh, Mostafa Farajpour, Mohammadreza Salehi, Alborz Sherafati, Zahra Zamani, Omid Rezahosseini, Pejman Mansouri, Akram Sardari

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Caspofungin; Candidemia; Cardiotoxicity; Troponin

Online: 26 July 2022 (03:43:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0164.v1

STEMI Patients in the First and Second Wave of Covid-19 Pandemic in Northeast Slovenia – A Retrospective, Single Center Observational Study

Andreja Sinkovic, Manja Krasevec, David Šuran, Martin Marinšek

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: ST-elevation myocardial infarction; Covid-19 pandemic; time delay; primary percutaneous cor-onary intervention; heart failure; mortality

Online: 12 July 2022 (03:33:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0126.v1

Pathophysiology of Infective Endocarditis in High-Income Countries

Francesco Nappi, Giorgia Martuscelli, Francesca Bellomo, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh, Marc R. Moon

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Infective Endocarditis; Staphylococcus Aureus; Biofilm; Immune response; Fibronectin

Online: 7 July 2022 (10:00:18 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0116.v1

Pros and Cons of Telemedicine—Implications in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Sarah Gerges, Souheil Hallit

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: telehealth; remote assessment; cardiology; cardiovascular diseases; COVID-19

Online: 7 July 2022 (08:11:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0067.v1

Mulberry Extract Upregulates Cholesterol Efflux and Inhibits p38 MAPK-NLRP3 Mediated Inflammation in Foam Cells

Yuting Liu, Kefan Wang, Shuofei Yang, Liming Lu, Guanhua Xue

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: restenosis; foam cells; NLRP3 inflammasome; MAPK signaling pathway

Online: 5 July 2022 (08:15:38 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0325.v2

The adapted Autonomic Profile (aAP) Home-Based Test for the Evaluation of Neuro-Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction

Manoj Sivan, Joanna Corrado, Christopher Mathias

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: autonomic failure; lean test; active stand; long covid; Post-COVID-19 condition

Online: 24 June 2022 (04:23:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0299.v1

Lipoprotein Subclasses Independently Contribute to Subclinical Variance of Microvascular and Macrovascular Health

Lukas Streese, Hansjoerg Habisch, Arne Deiseroth, Justin Carrard, Denis Infanger, Arno Schmidt-Trucksaess, Tobias Madl, Henner Hanssen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: cardiovascular risk; lipids; NMR spectroscopy; pulse wave velocity; retinal vessel diameters

Online: 22 June 2022 (03:37:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0189.v1

Association between Mortality and Cardiovascular Diseases in Vulnerable Mexican Populations, A Retrospective Study of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Gerardo R. Padilla-Rivas, Juan Luis Delgado-Gallegos, Gerardo Garza-Treviño, Kame A. Galán-Huerta, Zuca G-Buentello, Jorge A. Roacho-Pérez, Héctor Franco-Villareal, Ahidée Leyva-López, Ana Estrada-Rodriguez, Jorge E. Moreno-Cuevas, Javier Ramos-Jiménez, Ana Ma. Rivas-Estrilla, Elsa N. Garza-Treviño, Jose Francisco Islas

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; Mexico COVID-19; Mexico metropolitan area

Online: 14 June 2022 (03:11:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0346.v1

The Effects of Low-Dose Empagliflozin on Cardiac Function and Β-Adrenoceptor Responses in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

Zeynep Elif Yesilyurt, Irem Karaomerlioglu, Betul Rabia Erdogan, Gaye Ozturk, Martin C. Michel, Ebru Arioglu-Inan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: β-adrenoceptor; diabetes; empagliflozin; heart; pressure-volume loop analysis

Online: 25 May 2022 (09:59:26 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0329.v1

Apple Watch for Pulse Rate Assessment Detects Unidentified Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Kiichi Hirota, Maretoshi Hirai

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Apple Watch; wearable sensor; pulse rate; arrhythmia; atrial fibrillation; case report

Online: 24 May 2022 (09:49:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0145.v1

The Flashlight-Sign: a Novel B-Flow Based Ultrasound Finding for Detection of Intraluminal, Wall-Adherent, Floating Structures of the Abdominal Aorta and Peripheral Arteries

Christian Lottspeich, Daniel Puhr-Westerheide, Jan Stana, Ulrich Hoffmann, Michael Czihal

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: abdominal aorta; arterial embolism; B-Flow sonography; contrast enhanced ultrasound; endovascular aortic repair; flashlight sign; peripheral arteries; wall adherent floating structures

Online: 11 May 2022 (03:44:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0119.v1

Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Findings and Arrhythmic Outcomes of Patients with Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia from China

Justin Leung, Sharen Lee, Jiandong Zhou, Kamalan Jeevaratnam, Ishan Lakhani, Danny Radford, Emma Coakley-Youngs, Levent Pay, Goksel Cinier, Meltem Altinsoy, Amir Behnoush, Elham Mahmoudi, Pawel Matsuik, George Bazoukis, Sebastian Garcia-Zamora, Shaoying Zeng, Ziliang Chen, Yunlong Xia, Tong Liu, Gary Tse

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: CPVT; RyR2; Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia

Online: 9 May 2022 (14:04:05 CEST)

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Introduction: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare cardiac ion channelopathy. This study examined the clinical characteristics, genetic basis, and arrhythmic outcomes of CPVT patients from China. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched for case reports or series reporting on CPVT patients from China until February 19th, 2022 using the keyword “Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia” OR “CPVT”, with the location limited to “China” OR “Hong Kong” or “Macau” in EMBASE, with no language or publication type restriction. Clinical characteristics, genetic findings, and primary outcome of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) were analyzed. Results: A systematic search of the PubMed and Embase databases yielded 1049 and 47 articles, respectively. After the exclusion of overlapping cohorts, a total of 58 unique cases from 15 studies (median presentation age: 8 [5.0-11.8] years old) were included. All patients except for one presented at or before 19 years of age. 56 patients (96.6%) were initially symptomatic. Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) were present in 44 of 51 patients (86.3%) and VT in 52 of 58 patients (89.7%). Genetic tests were performed on 54 patients (93.1%) with a yield of 87%. RyR2, CASQ2, TERCL, and SCN10A mutations were found in 35 (71.4%), 12 (24.5%), one (0.02%) patient, and one patient (0.02%) respectively. 54 patients were treated with beta-blockers, eight received flecainide, five received amiodarone, two received verapamil and one received propafenone. Sympathectomy (n=10) and implantable-cardioverter defibrillator implantation (n=8) were performed. On follow-up, 13 patients developed VT/VF. Conclusion: This is the first systematic review of CPVT patients from China. Most patients had symptoms on initial presentation, with syncope as the presenting complaint. RyR2 mutation accounts for more than half of the CPVT cases, followed by CASQ2, TERCL and SCN10A mutations.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0031.v1

When Does the Human Embryonic Heart Start Beating? A Review of Contemporary and Historical Sources of Knowledge About the Onset of Blood Circulation in Man

Jörg Männer

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: first heartbeat; human embryonic heart; human embryos; onset of blood circulation

Online: 5 May 2022 (09:56:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0030.v1

Right Ventricular Hypertrophy among COVID-19 Patients

Safia Haniya Yusuf, Jeffrey L. Ram

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: animal models; cardiac aftereffects; COVID-19; hypoxia; echocardiogram; pulmonary hypertension; right ventricular dilatation; right ventricular hypertrophy

Online: 5 May 2022 (09:36:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0304.v1

Biomechanics of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implant

Francesco Nappi, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh, Pierluigi Nappi, Antonio Fiore

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation; Surgical aortic valve replacement; Structural valve degeneration; Transcatheter heart valves

Online: 29 April 2022 (13:10:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0291.v1

Purinergic P2Y Receptors in Endothelium: From Vascular Physiology to Pathology, a Review Based on Recent Advances

Cendrine Cabou, Laurent O Martinez

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: purinergic signaling; endothelial cells; shear stress; vasodilatation; transcytosis; intimal hyperplasia; atherosclerosis; high-density lipoprotein

Online: 29 April 2022 (08:06:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0233.v1

Relationship Between ACE I/D Polymorphism and Cardiovascular Mortality Risk in Non-Hemodialyzed Chronic Kidney Disease

Hendri Susilo, Budi Susetyo Pikir, Mochammad Thaha, Mochamad Yusuf Alsagaff, Satriyo Dwi Suryantoro, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu, Ifan Ali Wafa, Cennikon Pakpahan, Delvac Oceandy

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: chronic kidney disease; gene polymorphism; angiotensin-converting enzyme; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular mortality risk; genotype

Online: 26 April 2022 (10:05:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0057.v1

Automated Coronary Optical Coherence Tomography Feature Extraction with Application to Three-Dimensional Reconstruction

Harry J. Carpenter, Mergen H. Ghayesh, Anthony C. Zander, Giuseppe Di Giovanni, Jiawen Li, Peter J. Psaltis

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: atherosclerosis; biomechanics; border detection; coronary artery disease; optical coherence to-mography; stents; vulnerable plaque

Online: 7 April 2022 (08:13:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0265.v1

Genetic Insights Into Primary Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Andreas Brodehl, Brenda Gerull

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy; Cardiomyopathy; Cardiovascular Genetics; Desmin; Troponin; Filamin-C

Online: 18 March 2022 (09:05:21 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0096.v1

Effect of a Digitally-Enabled, Preventive Health Program on Blood Pressure in an Adult, Dutch General Population Cohort: A Pilot Study

José Castela Forte, Pytrik Folkertsma, Rahul Gannamani, Sridhar Kumaraswamy, Sipko van Dam, Jan Hoogsteen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: hypertension; blood pressure; lifestyle; digital health; ehealth; prevention; behavioral change

Online: 7 March 2022 (10:55:20 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0251.v1

The First Case of Granulicatella adiacens Identified from a Resected Heart Valve by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in Poland

Anna Podgórska, Maria Kordybach-Prokopiuk, Maria Jaworska-Wilczyńska, Piotr Hoffman, Katarzyna Biernacka, Krzysztof Kuśmierski, Robert Kuthan, Tomasz Hryniewiecki, Anna Lutyńska

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Infective endocarditis; Granulicatela adiacens; Nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS); Next-generation sequencing (NGS); Aortic valve

Online: 21 February 2022 (10:45:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0243.v1

Clinical Presentation of Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy and Bradycardia in Three Families Carrying HCN4 Pathogenic Variants

Agata Paszkowska, Dorota Piekutowska-Abramczuk, Elżbieta Ciara, Alicja Mirecka-Rola, Monika Brzezinska, Dorota Wicher, Grażyna Kostrzewa, Jędrzej Sarnecki, Lidia Ziółkowska

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: left ventricular noncompaction; cardiomyopathy; sinus bradycardia; HCN4 mutation; late gado-linium enhancement; children

Online: 21 February 2022 (03:16:22 CET)

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Background: Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous cardiomyopathy characterized by a two-layered myocardium consisting of compacted and noncompacted segments, prominent ventricular trabeculations, and intertrabecular recesses. Patients with LVNC are at increased risk to develop heart failure, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, and/or systemic thromboembolic events. Familial forms of primary sinus bradycardia have been attributed to mutations in HCN4. There are very few reports about the association between HCN4 mutations and LVNC. The aim of our study was to characterize the clinical phenotype of families with LVNC and sinus bradycardia caused by mutation of the HCN4 gene. Methods: From March 2008 to July 2021 we prospectively enrolled 6 patients from 4 families with diagnosed isolated LVNC based on the clinical presentation, family history and echocardiographic and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) evidence of LVNC. Next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis was undertaken for evaluation of the molecular basis of the disease in each family. Results: A total of 6 children (median age 11 years) were enrolled and followed prospectively for the median of 12 years. All 6 patients were diagnosed with LVNC by echocardiography and 5 participants additionally by CMR. The presence of LGE was found in 3 children. Sinus bradycardia and dilation of the ascending aorta occurred in 5 studied patients. In 4 patients from 3 families the molecular studies demonstrated the presence of rare heterozygous HCN4 mutations. Conclusion: (1) The HCN4 mutation influences the presence of a complex LVNC phenotype, sinus bradycardia and dilation of the ascending aorta. (2) HCN4 mutation may be associated with the early presentation of clinical symptoms and the severe course of the disease. (3) It is particularly important to assess myocardial fibrosis not only within the ventricles, but also in the atria in patients with LVNC and sinus bradycardia.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0187.v1

Endothelial Dysfunction in SARS CoV-2 Infection

Francesco Nappi, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: endothelial dysfunction; SARS-CoV-2 infection; thrombosis, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2; angiogenesis

Online: 15 February 2022 (11:05:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0144.v1

Continuous Decline in Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure Hospitalizations During the First 12 Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Israel

Gil Lavie, Yael Wolff Sagy, Moshe Hoshen, Walid Saliba, Moshe Y Flugelman

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; Acute myocardial infarction; Congestive heart failure; Cardiovascular hospitalizations

Online: 10 February 2022 (02:47:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0406.v1

The Adult Congenital Heart Disease Anatomic and Physiological Classification: Associations with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Arrhythmias

Anastasios Kartas, Andreas S Papazoglou, Diamantis Kosmidis, Dimitrios Moysidis, Amalia Baroutidou, Ioannis Doundoulakis, Stefanos Despotopoulos, Elena Vrana, Athanasios Koutsakis, George Rampidis, Despoina Ntiloudi, Sotiria Liori, Tereza Mousiama, Dimosthenis Avramidis, Sotiria Apostolopoulou, Alexandra Frogoudaki, Afrodite Tzifa, Haralambos Karvounis, George Giannakoulas

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Atrial Arrhythmia; ACHD; Congenital Heart Disease; AP-ACHD classification; Mortality; Morbidity

Online: 27 January 2022 (03:22:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0326.v1

Association Between Duration of Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest and Surgical Outcome in Patients with Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study

Mona Salehi Ravesh, Christine Friedrich, Jan Schoettler, Lars Hummitzsch, Gunnar Elke, Mohamed Salem, Georg Lutter, Thomas Puehler, Jochen Cremer, Assad Haneya

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time; acute type A aortic dissection; surgical outcome

Online: 21 January 2022 (13:12:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0042.v1

Magnetic Resonance for Differential Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications

Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Elisabetta Corsi, Giancarlo Todiere, Chrysanthos Grigoratos, Andrea Barison, Valerio Barra, Gianluca di Bella, Michele Emdin, Fabrizio Ricci, Alessandro Pingitore

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Left ventricular hypertrophy; Echocardiography; Magnetic Resonance; Prognosis

Online: 5 January 2022 (13:10:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0254.v2

Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population. The APNA Study

Sara Guillen-Aguinaga, Antonio Brugos-Larumbe, Laura Guillen-Aguinaga, Felipe Ortuño, Francisco Guillen-Grima, Luis Forga, Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: cardiovascular; schizophrenia; prospective cohort; hospital admissions

Online: 30 December 2021 (19:42:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0402.v2

Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Findings and Arrhythmic Outcomes of Patients with Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia from China

Sharen Lee, Justin Leung, Jiandong Zhou, Kamalan Jeevaratnam, Ishan Lakhani, Danny Radford, Emma Coakley-Youngs, Levent Pay, Göksel Çinier, Meltem Altinsoy, Elham Mahmoudi, Pawel Matsuik, George Bazoukis, Sebastian Garcia-Zamora, Shaoying Zeng, Ziliang Chen, Yunlong Xia, Tong Liu, Gary Tse

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia; CPVT; RyR2; CASQ2; TERCL

Online: 29 December 2021 (12:10:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0463.v1

Examine the Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Frailty in an Older Asian Population

Hiep Huu Hoang Dao, Anh Trung Nguyen, Huyen Thi Thanh Vu, Tu Ngoc Nguyen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: metabolic syndrome; diabetes; hypertension; obesity; frailty; older people; Asian

Online: 29 December 2021 (12:09:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0461.v1

Common and Distinctive Intercellular Communication Patterns in Human Obstructive and Nonobstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Christina J. Codden, Michael T. Chin

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy; Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction; single nucleus RNA-sequencing; dendritic cells; integrin-b1.

Online: 29 December 2021 (09:43:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0402.v1

Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Findings and Arrhythmic Outcomes of Patients with Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia from China

Sharen Lee, Justin Leung, Jiandong Zhou, Kamalan Jeevaratnam, Ishan Lakhani, Danny Radford, Emma Coakley-Youngs, Levent Pay, Göksel Çinier, Meltem Altinsoy, Elham Mahmoudi, Pawel Matsuik, George Bazoukis, Sebastian Garcia-Zamora, Shaoying Zeng, Zhiliang Chen, Yunlong Xia, Tong Liu, Gary Tse

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia; CPVT; RyR2; CASQ2; TERCL

Online: 24 December 2021 (11:02:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0215.v1

Protein and mRNA Quantification in Small Samples of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem-cell-derived Cardiomyocytes in 96-well Microplates

Weizhen Li, Julie Han, Emilia Entcheva

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: high-throughput; hiPSC-CMs; Wes ProteinSimple; Cells-to-CT; Cx43; ChR2; optogenetic

Online: 13 December 2021 (16:13:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0172.v1

Phenotypic and Functional Heterogeneity of Monocyte Subsets in Chronic Heart Failure Patients

Aušra Mongirdienė, Julius Liobikas

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: monocyte subset; heart failure; inflammation; cytokine; macrophage

Online: 10 December 2021 (11:54:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0113.v1

Usefulness of Serial Multiorgan Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Acute Heart Failure: Results from a Prospective Observational Cohort

Marta Torres-Arrese, Gonzalo García de Casasola-Sánchez, Manuel Méndez-Bailón, Esther Montero-Hernández, Marta Cobo-Marcos, Mercedes Rivas-Lasarte, Luis Caurecel-Díaz, Pablo Rodríguez-Fuertes, Tomas Villén-Villegas, Yale Tung-Chen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: acute heart failure (AHF); venous congestion; Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS); VExUS (venous excess ultrasonography score).

Online: 7 December 2021 (23:46:59 CET)

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Background and Objectives: Acute Heart Failure (AHF) is a common disease and a cause of high morbidity and mortality, constituting a major health problem. The main purpose of this study was to determine the impact of multiorgan ultrasound in identifying the pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients admitted due to AHF, predict the evolution of the disease during hospitalization and identify areas of improvement in the care of patients with AHF. Materials and Methods: Patients were evaluated with a standard exam of lung ultrasound, echocardiography, inferior vena cava (IVC) and femoral, renal, hepatic, portal venous Doppler flow patterns at admission and on the day of discharge. Results: Thirty patients were enrolled during November 2021. The mean age was seventy-nine years (Standard Deviation – SD 13,4). Seven patients (23.3%) had a renal function worsening. Regarding ultrasound findings, venous excess ultrasonography score (VExUS) score was calculated at admission and at discharge, surprisingly remaining unchanged or even worsened in most of them (21 patients, 70.0%). The area under the curve for the Lung Score was 83.9% (p = 0.008), obtaining a cutoff value of 10 that showed a sensitivity of 82.6% and a specificity of 71.4% in the identification of intermediate and high PH. It was possible to monitor significant changes between both exams on the lung score (p <0.001), hepatic vein Doppler (p <0.001), portal vein Doppler (p = 0.030), intra-renal vein Doppler (p = 0.025) and VExUS score (p = 0.023), remaining similar the femoral vein Doppler (p = 0.177) and IVC (p = 0.132). Conclusions: Our study results suggest that performing serial multiorgan Point-of-Care ultrasound can help us to better identify high and intermediate probability of PH patients with AHF. Currently proposed multi-organ, venous Doppler scanning protocols, such as the VExUS score, should be further studied in different populations before expanding its use in AHF patients.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0346.v1

Oxidative Stress Inside the Pathogenesis of Ascending Aorta Aneurysms: A Clearer Vision for Identifying Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

Carmela Balistreri, Calogera Pisano, Giovanni Ruvolo

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Ascending aorta aneurysm (AsAA); reactive oxygen species (ROS); oxidative stress; onset and progression of sporadic AsAA; management of AsAA; biomarkers and targets

Online: 19 November 2021 (11:19:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0336.v1

QTc Intervals Are Prolonged in Late Preterm and Term Neonates During Therapeutic Hypothermia but Normalize Afterwards

Karel Allegaert, Thomas Salaets, Robert M. Ward, Pieter Annaert, Anne Smits

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: therapeutic hypothermia; newborn; QTc interval; QTc prolongation; pharmacovigilance.

Online: 18 November 2021 (17:26:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0253.v1

Personalized Cell Therapy for Patients With Peripheral Arterial Diseases in the Context of Genetic Alterations: Artificial Intelligence-based Responder and Non-responder Prediction

Amankeldi Salybekov, Markus Wolfien, Shuzo Kobayashi, Takayuki Asahara

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Cell therapy; chronic limb-threating ischemia; peripheral artery disease; diabetes; atherosclerosis obliterans; thromboangiitis obliterans; personalized medicine; artificial intelligence; machine learning; genome-wide association studies; transcriptome-wide association studies; clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential.

Online: 15 November 2021 (11:18:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0384.v2

MicroRNAs in Valvular Heart Diseases: Biological Regulators, Prognostic Markers and Therapeutical Targets

Francesco Nappi, Adelaide Iervolino, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh, Massimo Chello

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: miRNAs; valvular heart diseases; aortic stenosis; calcification; mitral valve prolapse, aortic valve defect; vectors; delivery systems; nanoparticles

Online: 8 November 2021 (14:25:40 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0398.v1

Disparities in Care and Outcome of Stroke Patients from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities in Metropolitan Australia

Fatemeh Rezania, Christopher J.A. Neil, Tissa Wijeratne

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: stroke; thrombolysis; Culturally linguistically diverse communities (CALD)

Online: 27 October 2021 (10:56:23 CEST)

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BACKGROUND: Acute stroke is a time-critical emergency where diagnosis and acute management are highly dependent upon accuracy of patient’s history. We hypothesised that language barrier is associated with delayed onset time to thrombolysis and poor clinical outcomes. AIM: To evaluate the effect of language barriers on time to thrombolysis and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of all patients admitted to a metropolitan stroke unit (Melbourne, Victoria, Australia) with an acute ischemic stroke treated with tissue plasminogen activator between 1/2013 and 9/2017. Baseline characteristics, thrombolysis time intervals, length of stay, discharge destination, and in-hospital mortality were compared between patients with and without a language barrier using multivariate analysis after adjustment for age, sex, stroke severity, premorbid modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Language barriers were defined as a primary language other than English. RESULTS: A total of 374 patients were included. Of this, 76 patients (20.3%) had a language barrier. Mean age was 5 years older for patients with language barriers (76.7 vs 71.8 years, P=0.004). Less non-English speaking patients had pre-morbid mRS score of zero (P=0.002) and more had pre-morbid mRS score of one or two (P=0.04). There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of stroke severity on presentation (P=0.06). The onset to needle time was significantly longer in patients with a language barrier (188 min vs 173 min, P=0.04). Onset to arrival and door to imaging times were surprisingly similar between the two groups. However, imaging to needle time was 9 minutes delayed in non-English speaking patients with a marginal P value (65 vs 56 min, P=0.06). patients with language barriers stayed longer in stroke unit stay (6 vs 4 days, P=0.02) and had higher rates of discharge to residential aged care facilities in those admitted from home (9.2% vs 2.3%, P=0.02). In-hospital mortality was not different between two groups (P=0.8) CONCLUSION: In this study language barriers were associated with almost 14 min delay in thrombolysis. The delay was mostly attributable to imaging to needle time. Language barriers were also associated with poorer clinical outcomes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0345.v1

Association of Occupational Distress and Low Sleep Quality with Syncope, Presyncope and Falls in Workers

Nicola Magnavita, Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio, Gabriele Arnesano, Anna Cerrina, Maddalena Gabriele, Sergio Garbarino, Martina Gasbarri, Angela Iuliano, Marcella Labella, Carmela Matera, Igor Mauro, Franca Barbic

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Loss of consciousness; Mental health; Working life; Effort Reward Imbalance; Sleep Dis-orders; Health promotion; Workplace

Online: 25 October 2021 (11:54:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0293.v1

Safety and Efficacy of Adjunctive Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis During Primary PCI for ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction With High Thrombus Burden

Satsuki Noma, Hideki Miyachi, Isamu Fukuizumi, Junya Matsuda, Hideto Sangen, Yoshiaki Kubota, Yoichi Imori, Yoshiyuki Saiki, Yusuke Hosokawa, Shuhei Tara, Yukichi Tokita, Koichi Akutsu, Wataru Shimizu, Takeshi Yamamoto, Hitoshi Takano

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: high coronary thrombus burden; tissue plasminogen activator; catheter-directed thrombolysis

Online: 20 October 2021 (12:53:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0197.v1

Two Opposing Functions of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) That Links Hypertension, Dementia, and Aging

Duc Le, Lindsay Brown, Kundan Malik, Shin Murakami

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: AGING; Age-related comorbidities; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme; Amyloid-degrading enzyme; Alzheimer’s disease; Dementia; Hypertension; Life extension; Stress resistance

Online: 13 October 2021 (11:04:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0076.v1

Co-toxicity of Endotoxin and Indoxyl Sulfate, Gut-Derived Bacterial Metabolites, to Vascular Endothelial Cells in Coronary Arterial Disease Accompanied by Gut Dysbiosis

Marcin Choroszy, Beata Sobieszczanska, Kamil Litwinowicz, Lukasz Laczmanski, Mateusz Chmielarz, Urszula Walczuk, Tomasz Roleder, Jadwiga Radziejewska, Magdalena Wawrzyńska

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: coronary artery disease; gut microbiome; dysbiosis; obesity; Bacteroidetes; LPS; indoxyl sulfate

Online: 5 October 2021 (10:33:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0254.v1

Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population. The APNA Study.

Sara Guillen-Aguinaga, Antonio Brugos-Larumbe, Laura Guillen-Aguinaga, Felipe Ortuño, Francisco Guillen-Grima, Luis Forga, Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Cardiovascular; Schizophrenia; Prospective Cohort; hospital admissions.

Online: 15 September 2021 (11:35:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0106.v1

Impact of the Pre-transplant Circulatory Supportive Strategy on Post-transplant Outcome: Double Bridge May Work

Nai-Kuan Chou, Heng-Wen Chou, Chuan-I Tsao, Chih-Hsien Wang, Shu-Chien Huang, Kevin Po-Hsun Chen, Nai-Hsin Chi, Hsi-Yu Yu, Yih-Sharng Chen

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: mechanical circulatory support; heart transplantation; survival curve; ventricular assist device; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Online: 6 September 2021 (14:39:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0104.v1

Hydrogel-Based Delivery for Antineoplastic Drugs and Vascular Scaffolding

Adelaide Iervolino, Camilla Chello, Massimo Chello, Francesco Nappi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: hyrogel; cardiotoxicity; regenerative medicine; antineoplastic drugs; polydioxanone; pulmonary autograft

Online: 6 September 2021 (14:01:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0565.v1

Comparable Efficacy in Ischemic and Non-Ischemic ICD Recipients for the Primary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death

Andreea Maria Ursaru, Irina Iuliana Costache, Antoniu-Octavian Petris, Nicolae Dan Tesloianu

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: primary prevention of sudden cardiac death; non-ischemic cardiomyopathy; ischemic cardiomyopathy; appropriate ICD therapy; mortality rate comparison

Online: 31 August 2021 (11:26:43 CEST)

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(1) Background: In patients suffering from heart failure, the main causes of death are either he-modynamic failure, or ventricular arrhythmias. The only tool to significantly reduce arrhythmic sudden death is the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), but not all patients benefit to the same extend of these devices. (2) Methods: The primary outcome of this single center study was defined as cardiovascular death in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure who have benefited from ICD therapy. The secondary outcomes were death from any cause, sudden cardiac death, ICD-related therapies (appropriate antitachycardia pacing or shock therapy for ventricular tachycardia or fi-brillation) and recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. (3) Results: A total of 403 consecutive ICD recipients – symptomatic heart failure patients with ICD for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death – were included retrospectively: 59% is-chemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) and 41% non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICMP). Within a median follow-up period of 36 months, the incidence of cardiovascular mortality was not signif-icantly different in patients with NICMP and ICMP: the primary outcome had occurred in 9 pa-tients (5.4%) in the NICMP group and in 14 patients (5.9%) in the ICMP group (hazard ratio 1; 95%confidence interval [CI] 0.45 to 2.28; p =0.97). All-cause mortality occurred in 14 of 166 pa-tients (8.4%) in NICMP group and 18 of 237 patients (7.6%) in ICMP group. Sudden cardiac death occurred in 2 patients (1.2%) in the NICMP group and in 4 patients (1.7%) in the ICMP group (hazard ratio 0.71; 95% CI, 0.13 to 3.88; P=0.69). The rate of appropriate device therapies was comparable in both groups. (4) Conclusion: In this study, ICD implantation for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with symptomatic systolic heart failure was associated with similar rates of cardiovas-cular and all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic heart disease, and in patients with heart failure from other causes. NICMP and ICMP showed comparable rates of recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmias and appropriate ICD therapies.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0338.v1

Androgens, QT, Sex and Ventricular Repolarization: A Double-Edged Sword

Melissa Y.Y. Moey, Marie Wilkin, Estelle Gandjbakhch, Anne Bachelot, Baptiste Abbar, Bruno Pinna, Jean-Marc Simon, Christian Funck-Brentano, Joe-Elie Salem

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: testosterone; androgens; QT; Torsade de pointes; ventricular repolarization

Online: 16 August 2021 (12:53:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0297.v1

Left Cardiac Remodelling assessed by Echocardiography is Associated with Rho-kinase Activation in Long-distance Runners

Felipe Contreras-Briceño, Julian Vega, Jorge Mandiola, María Paz Ocaranza, Sebastián Herrera, Manuel Salinas, Rodrigo Fernández, Jorge E. Jalil, Sergio Lavandero, Mario Chiong, Paz Godoy, Pablo F Castro, Marta Sitges, Luigi Gabrielli

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Athlete´s heart; Cardiac biomarkers; Echocardiography; Exercise; Functional cardiac capacity.

Online: 13 August 2021 (09:23:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0213.v1

High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T in Patients with Severe Chronic Kidney Disease and suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome

Brunilda Alushi, Fabian Jost-Brinkmann, Adnan Kastrati, Salvatore Cassese, Massimiliano Fusaro, Karl Stangl, Ulf Landmesser, Holger Thiele, Alexander Lauten

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: troponin; high-sensitivity; chronic kidney disease; renal insufficiency; myocardial infarction; acute coronary syndrome

Online: 10 August 2021 (08:45:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0702.v1

Telemonitoring of Real-World Health Data in Cardiology: A Systematic Review

Benjamin Kinast, Matthias Lutz, Björn Schreiweis

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: telemonitoring; telemedicine; telecardiology; cardiology; wearable; sensors; consumer health devices; cardiovascular disease; heart failure; atrial fibrillation

Online: 30 July 2021 (13:22:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0354.v1

Risk Factors Contributing to the Progression of Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure Patients with Mid-Range Ejection Fraction

Lusine Hazarapetyan, Lyudmila Budaghyan, Alina Maloyan, Svetlana Grigoryan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: heart failure; mid-range ejection fraction; atrial fibrillation; cardiac inflammation; cardiac fibrosis; risk factors.

Online: 15 July 2021 (10:18:01 CEST)

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Aims: Heart failure (HF) is frequently accompanied by atrial fibrillation (AF), a combination that worsens the outcomes of both diseases. Despite advances in the treatment of AF, it remains a serious and unsolved problem for clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for incidents of paroxysmal and persistent AF in patients having heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF). Methods. Overall, 71 patients with HFmrEF and non-valvular AF, including paroxysmal and persistent types, were enrolled in this study. As a control group, 42 HFmrEF patients without AF were also enrolled. All patients underwent detailed physical examination, including resting electrocardiography, echocardiography, and 24-hour ambulatory Holter monitoring. Levels of the inflammation markers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and the fibrotic marker transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were measured by ELISA and expressed as odds ratios. Results: We show that paroxysmal AF was associated with higher diastolic blood pressure, whereas both paroxysmal and persistent forms of AF were associated with more frequent occurrence of hypertensive crisis episodes and greater body mass index. Progression from paroxysmal to persistent AF was associated with significant ventricular remodeling. Persistent and paroxysmal AF were associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers when compared to HFmrEF patients having no AF. In addition, TGF-1 was significantly increased in HFmrEF patients having persistent but not paroxysmal AF. Conclusions: Occurrence of AF, first paroxysmal and then persistent, in HFmrEF patients is associated with left ventricular remodeling and the appearance of systemic inflammatory and fibrotic markers. Changes in those parameters may be indicators by which to identify patients at increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Further studies are needed to determine the prognostic validity of these markers.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0256.v1

Pathogenic Mechanisms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Beyond Sarcomere Dysfunction

Chun Chou, Michael T. Chin

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; pathological cardiac hypertrophy; sarcomere; cardiac myocyte; cardiac fibroblast; cardiac fibrosis; myocyte-fibroblast interaction; extracellular matrix

Online: 12 July 2021 (12:13:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0579.v1

Dual Pharmacological Inhibition of IRAK1 and IRAK4 Prevents LPS Induced Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells

Xiumei Wu, Mengyun Xu, Yujie Liu, Sihui Luo, Xueying Zheng, Suowen Xu, Jianping Weng

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: IRAK1; IRAK4; endothelial cells; inflammation; cardiovascular disease

Online: 24 May 2021 (15:09:08 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0337.v2

A case of renal allograft-related inflammation complicated by acute coronary syndromes

Rainer Ullrich Pliquett, Andrea Tannapfel, Sait Sebastian Daneschnejad

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome, inflammation, case report

Online: 13 April 2021 (13:14:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0733.v1

Segmental Evaluation of Thoracic Aortic Calcium and their Relations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

Jesiana Ferreira Pedrosa, Luisa Campos Caldeira Brant, Stephanie Alves de Aquino, Antonio Luiz Ribeiro, Sandhi Maria Barreto

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: thoracic aorta; atherosclerosis; vascular calcification; risk factors

Online: 30 March 2021 (11:42:32 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0167.v1

Combined Aortic Valve Replacement and Coronary Bypass Grafting in Patient With Lipton’s R-III Type of Single Coronary Artery Anomaly

Milica Karadzic Kocica, Hristina Ugrinovic, Dejan Lazovic, Nemanja Karamarkovic, Milos Grujic, Borivoje Lukic, Oliver Radmili, Vladimir Cvetic, Mladen Kocica

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: single coronary artery; aortic valve surgery, coronary artery bypass grafting surgery; case report

Online: 8 February 2021 (15:42:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0153.v1

Surgical Mask Use in Physical Exercise in Young Healthy Subjects - SUME Trial

Hugo Mendonça Café, Marta Leitão, Anya Freitas, Ana Marreiros

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Surgical mask; exercise; treadmill test; stress test; Oxygen saturation; Covid19; ECG

Online: 5 February 2021 (10:03:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0693.v1

Contemporary Status of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Korean Patients: Korean Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction for Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers

Rock Bum Kim, Jin Yong Hwang, Hyun-Woong Park, Ae-Young Her, Jang-Hoon Lee, Moo Hyun Kim, Chang Hwan Yoon, Jae Young Cho, Sung-Il Woo, Yongcheol Kim, Jae-Young Han, Joon Hyouk Choi, Song Yi Kim, Si-Wan Choi, Sung Ju Jee, Sang Yeub Lee, Ki-Bum Won, Kyeong-Soo Park, Dae Woo Hyun

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: acute myocardial infarction; case fatality; registry

Online: 27 November 2020 (14:12:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0584.v1

The Genetic Evidence of Burn-Induced Cardiac Mitochondrial Metabolism Confusion

Jake J. Wen, Claire B. Cummins, Taylor P. Williams, Ravi S. Radhakrishnan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: burn injury; cardiac dysfunction; gene profiling; mitochondrial metabolism; oxygen consumption

Online: 23 November 2020 (13:59:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0350.v1

Hyperglycemia, Inflammatory Response and Infarct Size in Obstructive Acute Myocardial Infarction and MINOCA

Pasquale Paolisso, Alberto Foà, Luca Bergamaschi, Francesco Donati, Michele Fabrizio, Chiara Chiti, Francesco Angeli, Sebastiano Toniolo, Andrea Stefanizzi, Matteo Armillotta, Paola Rucci, Gianmarco Iannopollo, Gianni Casella, Cinzia Marrozzini, Nazzareno Galiè, Carmine Pizzi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: hyperglycemia; inflammation; infarct size; MINOCA; obstructive acute myocardial infarction

Online: 16 October 2020 (12:35:44 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0244.v1

Co-Existing Subaortic Stenosis in a Patient with Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) - A Rare and Interesting Finding

Raja Mushtaque, Rabia Mushtaque, Muhammad Soomro, Shahbano Baloch

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: HOCM; SAS; Subaortic Membrane; LVOTO; ASH; SAM

Online: 12 October 2020 (13:27:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0575.v1

Right Heart Changes Impact on Clinical Phenotype of Amyloid Cardiac Involvement: A Single Centre Study

Sebastiano Cicco, Antonio Giovanni Solimando, Roberta Buono, Nicola Susca, Gianfranco Inglese, Assunta Melaccio, Marcella Prete, Roberto Ria, Vito Racanelli, Angelo Vacca

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Amyloidosis; Right Heart; Cardiac involvement; heart ultrasound

Online: 24 September 2020 (08:26:32 CEST)

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Amyloidosis is due to deposition of an excessive amount of protein in many parenchymal tissues, including myocardium. The onset of cardiac Amyloidosis (CA) is an inauspicious prognostic factor, that can lead to sudden death. We retrospectively analyzed 135 patients with systemic amyloidosis, admitted to our ward between 1981 and 2019. Among them, 54 patients (46.30% F / 53.70% M, age 63.95±12.82 years) presented CA at baseline. In 53 patients, there was associated with multiorgan involvement, while in one there was primary myocardial deposition. As control group, we enrolled 81 patients (49.30% F / 50.70% M, aged 58.33±15.65) who did not meet the criteria for CA. In 44/54 of patients CA was associated with AL, 5/54 with AA, 3/54 of patients with ATTR, in 1/54 AL was related to hemodialysis and 1/54 to Gel-Amyloidosis. The most common AL type was IgG (28/44); less frequent forms were either IgA (7/40) or IgD (2/40), while seven patients had a λ free light chain form. The 32 AL with complete Ig were 31 λ-chain and just one k-chain. CA patients presented normal BP (SBP 118.0±8.4 mmHg; DBP 73.8±4.9 mmHg), while those with nCA had increased proteinuria (p=0.02). TnI and NT-proBNP were significantly increased compared to nCA (p= 0.031 and p=0.047, respectively). In CA patients we found an increased LDH compared to nCA (p=0.0011). CA patients were also found to have an increased interventricular septum thickness compared to nCA (p=0.002), a decreased Ejection Fraction % (p=0.0018) and Doppler velocity E/e’ ratio (p=0.0095). Moreover, CA patients were seen to have an enhanced right atrium area (p=0.0179), right ventricle basal diameter (p= 0.0112) and wall thickness (p=0.0471) as compared to nCA, as well as an increased inferior cava vein diameter (p=0.0495). TAPSE was the method chosen to evaluate systolic function of the right heart. In CA subjects very poor TAPSE levels were found compared to nCA patients (p=0.0495). Additionally, we found a significant positive correlation between TAPSE and lymphocyte count (r=0.47; p=0.031) as well as Gamma globulins (r=0.43, p=0.033), Monoclonal component (r=0.72; p=0.047) and IgG values (r=0.62, p=0.018). On the contrary, a significant negative correlation with LDH (r=-0.57, p=0.005), IVS (r=-0.51, p=0.008) and diastolic function evaluated as E/e’ (r=-0.60, p=0.003) were verified. CA patients had very poor survival compared to controls (30 vs. 66 months in CA vs nCA, respectively, P=0.15). Mean survival of CA individuals was worse also when stratified according to NT-proBNP levels, using 2500 pg/mL as class boundary (174 vs. 5.5 months, for patients with lower vs higher values than the median, respectively p=0.013). In much the same way, decreased right heart systolic function was correlated with a worse prognosis (18.0 months median survival, not reached in subjects with lower values than 18mm, p=0.0186). Finally, our data highlight the potential prognostic and predictive value of right heart alterations characterizing amyloidosis, as a novel clinical parameter correlated to increased LDH and immunoglobulins levels. Overall, we confirm the clinical relevance of cardiac involvement and propose that right heart evaluation may be considered as a new marker for clinical risk stratification in patients with amyloidosis.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0497.v1

The Efficacy of Fish Oil in Preventing Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gaohong Wu, Haifeng Geng, Yue Jiang, Wei Song, Xueping Zhu, Xiaoli Zhu

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Fish oil; Prevention; CHD; Meta-analysis

Online: 21 September 2020 (07:20:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0339.v1

Association between Psychological Factors and Evacuation Status and the Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A Prospective Study of the Fukushima Health Management Survey

Toshiki Sanoh, Eri Eguchi, Tetsuya Ohira, Fumikazu Hayashi, Masaharu Maeda, Seiji Yasumura, Yuriko Suzuki, Hirooki Yabe, Atsushi Takahashi, Kanae Takase, Mayumi Harigane, Takashi Hisamatsu, Keiki Ogino, Hideyuki Kanda, Kenji Kamiya

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Great East Japan Earthquake; disaster; cardiovascular disease; psychological factors; evacuation; prospective study

Online: 16 September 2020 (03:01:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0227.v3

Therapeutic Approach for Global Myocardial Injury Using Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Cardiac Support Device in Rats

Ziwei Liu, Muhammad Naveed, Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig, Reyaj Mikrani, Qin Zhan, Kashif Dar, Cuican Li, Muhammad Asim Farooq, Muhammad Saeed, Xiaohui Zhou

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: global myocardial injury; BMSCs; active cardiac support device (ASD); stem cell treatment; epicardial delivery

Online: 7 September 2020 (07:30:47 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0688.v1

Pulmonary Embolism Related to COVID 19 Quarentine

Eduardo Quinteros, Juan Bisonni

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: lung disease; pulmonary embolis; circulating anticoagulant

Online: 31 August 2020 (03:26:55 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0531.v1

Surgeons’ Re-Operative Valve Replacement Practices with Patients with Endocarditis Due to Drug Use

Julie Aultman, Oliwier Dziadkowiec, Dianne McCallister, Michael Firstenberg

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: endocarditis; surgery; cardiac surgery; drug abuse; ethics

Online: 24 August 2020 (11:36:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0257.v1

The Spectrum of Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19- A Comprehensive Literature Review

Raja Shakeel Mushtaque, Rabia Mushtaque, Shahbano Baloch, Aadil Raza, Haseeb Bhatti, Zohaib Khan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; Acute Cardiac Injury; Arrhythmia; Heart Failure; Cardiogenic Shock

Online: 11 August 2020 (07:47:51 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0203.v1

Single-Session treatment of Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis and Central Venous Catheter Malfunction using INARI ClotTriever

Siddharth Agarwal, Christopher Sosnofsky, Manu B. Aggarwal, Jamie Saum, Sandeep M. Patel

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy; ClotTriever; Upper extremity deep venous thrombosis; Central venous catheter

Online: 8 August 2020 (04:10:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0083.v1

Role of the Scavenger Receptor CD36 in Accelerated Diabetic Atherosclerosis

Miquel Navas Madroñal, Esmeralda Castelblanco, Mercedes Camacho, Marta Consegal, Anna Ramirez Morros, Maria-Rosa Sarrias, Paulina Perez, Nuria Alonso, María Galán, Dídac Mauricio

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: scavenger receptor CD36; inflammation; vascular calcification; diabetes; atherosclerosis

Online: 4 August 2020 (10:37:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0418.v1

Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation Limits the Cellular Proarrhythmic Effects of Chloroquine and Azithromycin

Henry Sutanto, Jordi Heijman

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: arrhythmia; computational modeling; COVID-19; chloroquine; azithromycin; beta-adrenergic; electrophysiology

Online: 19 July 2020 (18:35:20 CEST)

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Background: The antimalarial drug chloroquine and antimicrobial drug azithromycin have received significant attention during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Both drugs can alter cardiac electrophysiology and have been associated with drug-induced arrhythmias. Meanwhile, sympathetic activation is commonly observed during systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (e.g., in SARS-CoV-2 infection), and may influence the electrophysiological effects of chloroquine and azithromycin. Here, we investigated the effect of beta-adrenergic stimulation on proarrhythmic properties of chloroquine and azithromycin using a detailed in silico model of ventricular electrophysiology. Methods: Concentration-dependent chloroquine and azithromycin-induced alterations in ion-channel function were incorporated into the Heijman canine ventricular cardiomyocyte model. Single and combined drug effects on action-potential (AP) properties were analyzed using a population of 592 models accommodating inter-individual variability. Sympathetic stimulation was simulated by an increase in pacing rate and experimentally validated isoproterenol-induced changes in ion-channel function. Results: At 1 Hz pacing, therapeutic doses of chloroquine and azithromycin (5 and 20 µM, respectively) individually prolonged AP duration (APD) by 33% and 13%. Their combination produced synergistic APD prolongation (+161%) with incidence of proarrhythmic early afterdepolarizations in 53.5% of models. Increasing the pacing frequency to 2 Hz shortened APD and together with 1 µM isoproterenol corrected the drug-induced APD prolongation. No afterdepolarizations occurred following increased rate and simulated application of 0.1-1 µM isoproterenol. Conclusion: Sympathetic stimulation limits chloroquine- and azithromycin-induced proarrhythmia by reducing their APD-prolonging effect, suggesting the importance of heart rate and autonomic status monitoring in particular conditions (e.g., COVID-19).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0260.v1

Trace Element, Immune and Opioid Biomarkers of Unstable Angina, Increased Atherogenicity and Insulin Resistance: Results of Machine Learning

Hassan Abbas Qazmooz, Hassan Najah Smeism, Rana Fadhil Mousa, Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: unstable angina; atherogenicity; inflammation; antioxidants; oxidative stress; biomarkers

Online: 12 July 2020 (15:11:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0117.v1

Bayés’ Syndrome – A Comprehensive Short Review

Emma Murariu, Attila Frigy

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: electrocardiography; P-wave; interatrial conduction block; atrial fibrillation

Online: 7 July 2020 (08:43:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0099.v1

Mechanism of Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction Causing Arteriosclerosis: Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx

Minako Yamaoka-Tojo

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: vascular endothelial function; inflammation; oxidative stress; cardiovascular disease prevention; disease management

Online: 6 July 2020 (09:08:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0199.v1

Inflammatory Indicator and Hematological Indices in Contrast Induced Nephropathy among Patients Receiving Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Xiaoyan Wu, Chao Ma, Daqing Sun, Guojing Zhang, Jinmiao Wang, Enyuan Zhang

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: C-reactive protein; platelet to lymphocyte ratio; neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; hematocrit; red blood cell distribution width; contrast induced nephropathy; coronary intervention

Online: 16 June 2020 (07:51:20 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Assessment of Concentrations of Heavy Metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, and Fe) in Postmyocardial Infarction Patients and Patients Free from Cardiovascular Event and Their Relationship with the Occurrence of Myocardial Infarction

Grzegorz Józef Nowicki, Barbara Ślusarska, Andrzej Prystupa, Eliza Blicharska, Agnieszka Adamczuk, Tomasz Czernecki, Krzysztof Jacek Jankowski

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: cardiovascular disease; heavy metals; cooper; zinc; manganese; cobalt; iron; health risk assessment

Online: 9 June 2020 (03:25:06 CEST)

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute the first cause of death among the population of developing and developed countries. Atherosclerosis, which is a disorder with multifactorial etiopathogenesis, underlies most CVDs. The available literature includes ample research studies on the influence of classic cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. However, environmental exposure to heavy metals, among other substances, is still an unappreciated risk factor of CVDs. This study aimed to assess the concentration of some heavy metals (copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), and iron (Fe)) in the blood serum of postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) patients and patients free from myocardial infarction (MI) as well as estimate the relationship between the occurrence of MI and increased concentration of heavy metals. The concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, and Fe) was assessed using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique in a group of 146 respondents divided into two groups: post-MI group (study group (SG), n = 74) and group without cardiovascular event (CVE) having a low CV risk (control group (CG), n = 72). The concentration of the analyzed heavy metals was higher in SG. All the heavy metals showed a significant diagnostic value (p < 0.001). The highest value of area under the curve (AUC) was observed for manganese (Mn) (0.955; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.922–0.988), while the lowest value was found for zinc (Zn) (0.691; 95% CI = 0.599–0.782). In one-dimensional models, high concentrations of each of the analyzed heavy metals significantly increased the chances of having MI from 7-fold (Cu) to 128-fold (Mn). All the models containing a particular metal showed a significant and high discrimination value for MI occurrence (AUC 0.72–0.92). Higher concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, and Fe were found to considerably increase the chances of having MI. Considering the increasingly higher environmental exposure to heavy metals in recent times, their concentrations can be distinguished as a potential risk factor of CVDs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0483.v1

Comparing Lung CT in COVID-19 Pneumonia and Acute Heart Failure: An Imaging Conundrum

Leonardo Paskah Suciadi, Yonathan William, Patricia Jorizal, Vera Nevyta Tarigan, Andreas Hartanto Santoso, Joshua Henrina, Firman Tedjasukmana, Nathania Marliani Kristanti

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Lung CT; imaging; COVID-19; Pneumonia; Heart Failure

Online: 31 May 2020 (16:49:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0309.v1

FONDENOXAVID: A Retrospective Analysis on Utility of Thromboprophylaxis with Fondaparinux and Enoxaparin in Patients with COVID19 Infection in Italy

Giuseppe Vito Viggiano, Giuseppe Cardillo, Vincenzo Russo, Sara Mangiacapra, Antonella Cavalli, Chiara Pesci, Andrea Fontanella, Federica Agrusta, Annamaria Bellizzi, Maria Amitrano, Mariateresa Iannuzzo, Clara Sacco, Corrado Lodigiani, Pierpaolo Di Micco

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: covid19; sars cov2; fondaparinux; enoxaparin; venous thrpmbpembolism; inflammatory diseases

Online: 19 May 2020 (04:07:50 CEST)

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Background: After the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (i.e. SARS COV2) in China and its diffusion around the world, great attentions was reserved to the increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in these patients. A specific antiviral action of heparins toward SARS COV2 has been reported in vitro such as a well know action of heparins to prevent VTE in inpatients with infective disease has already been reported since several years. Yet, because fondaparinux represent the pharmacological antithrombotic active sequence of all heparins and because its clinical indication o prevent VTE in inpatients is similar to heprains, we realized a retrospective analysis in inpatients with SARS COV2 on the incidence of VTE during pharmacological prophylaxis with enoxaparin or fondaparinux. This retrospective analysis was named FONDENOXAVID. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study that used patients with SARS COV2 during the Italian outbreak from February 18, 2020 to April 30, 2020. Our aim was to compare the clinical characteristics, prophylactic treatment and outcomes in inpatients positive to SARS COV2 at risk to develop venous thromboembolism, in particular venous thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolism, during in-hospital primary thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin (40 mg or 60 mg once daily) or fondaparinux (2.5 mg once daily). Statistical analysis was conducted with using MatLab R2016B and eventually ad hoc functions. Results: There were not significative differences in clinical characteristics between patients that used enoxaparin or fondaparinux as thromboprpophylaxis for SARS COV2. The cumulative incidence of thrombotic events was not different in patients that used enoxaparin or fondaparinux as thromboprpophylaxis. No differences were found also in d-dimer and fibrinogen levels test at the admission and after 3 weeks as markers of prolonged inflammation due to SARS COV2. Discussion: The increased incidence of VTE in vivo has been reported in several studies although prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin was conducted in some of them. The clinical indication to prevent VTE was similar for heparins and fondaparinux. In our results a non-inferiority to prevent VTE was recorded when inpatients with SARS COV2 were treated with prophylactic doses of enoxaparin or fondaparinux according to international guidelines. The incidence of VTE in this retrospective analysis showed that Fondaparinux at fixed doses of 2.5 mg daily was not inferior to enoxaparin (4000 UI daily). Our results testify that fondaparinux and enoxaparin showed the same efficacy to reduce the incidence of VTE in inpatients with SARS COV2.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0209.v1

Heart Rate Variability in a Patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019

Christoph Baumann, Reiner Buchhorn, Christian Willaschek

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: COVID-19 virus disease; Autonomic nervous system; Electrocardiography; Heart rate

Online: 12 May 2020 (12:22:06 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0190.v1

Deteriorating Atrioventricular Block in COVID-19 Suspected Patient after Receiving Initial Dose of Azythromycin and Hydroxychloroquine

Billy Aditya Pratama, Afik Maulana Rachman, Vita Yanti Anggraeni, Erika Maharani, Ika Trisnawati, Bambang Sigit Riyanto, Anggoro Budi Hartopo

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: COVID-19; azythromycin; hydroxychloroquine; atrioventricular block

Online: 11 May 2020 (10:10:42 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Acute Coronary Syndromes and COVID-19: Exploring the Dark Side of the Outbreak

Marco Schiavone, Cecilia Gobbi, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Alberto Palazzuoli, Alessio Gasperetti, Gianfranco Mitacchione, Maurizio Viecca, Massimo Galli, Francesco Fedele, Massimo Mancone, Giovanni Battista Forleo

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: acute coronary syndromes; myocardial infarction; STEMI; Covid-19, infectious disease; respiratory infections; pathophysiology; percutaneous coronary intervention; thrombolysis; drug treatment

Online: 7 May 2020 (12:49:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0085.v1

COVID-19: Multiple Diseases Simulating Extreme High-Altitude Exposure? Oxygen Transport Physiology and Scarce Need of Ventilators; Andean Condor’s-Eye-View

Gustavo R. Zubieta-Calleja, Natalia Zubieta-DeUrioste, Thuppil Venkatesh, Kusal Das, Jorge Soliz

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: COVID-19; HAPE; high-altitude; tolerance to hypoxia; oxygen transport triad; Cov-2; SARS; pneumonia; ventilators; EPO

Online: 5 May 2020 (15:26:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0227.v2

Therapeutic Approach for Global Myocardial Injury Using Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Cardiac Support Device in Rats

Ziwei Liu, Muhammad Naveed, Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig, Reyaj Mikrani, Cuican Li, Kashif Dar, Muhammad Saeed, Qin Zhan, Bilal Ahmed, Xiaohui Zhou

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: global myocardial injury; BMSCs; active cardiac support device (ASD); stem cell treatment; epicardial delivery

Online: 24 April 2020 (04:34:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0346.v1

Heart in Patients Infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Abdallah Fayssoil, Benjamin Davido, Hazrije Mustafic, Aurélien Dinh, Nicolas Mansencal

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: coronavirus; heart; prognosis; COVID-19; ICU

Online: 19 April 2020 (13:15:27 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0339.v1

SARS-CoV-2 infection and Cardiology: Beware of Myocarditis

Marco Antonio Machado Schlindwein, Letícia Caroline Breis, Isabelle Pastor Bandeira, Rafael M. Ronsoni, Clizenaldo Torres, Marcus Vinicius Magno Gonçalves

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: SARS-COV-2; COVID-19; myocarditis

Online: 19 April 2020 (08:22:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0227.v1

Therapeutic Approach for Global Myocardial Injury Using Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Cardiac Support Device in Rats

Ziwei Liu, Muhammad Naveed, Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig, Reyaj Mikrani, Cuican Li, Muhammad Saeed, Qin Zhan, Bilal Ahmed, Xiaohui Zhou

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: global myocardial injury; BMSCs; active cardiac support device (ASD); stem cell treatment; epicardial delivery

Online: 15 April 2020 (03:32:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0204.v1

Is COVID-19 an Endothelial Disease? Clinical and Basic Evidence

Celestino Sardu, Jessica Gambardella, Marco Bruno Morelli, Xujun Wang, Raffaele Marfella, Gaetano Santulli

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: Covid-19; coronavirus; cardiovascular disease; thrombosis; hypertension; endothelial dysfunction

Online: 13 April 2020 (02:23:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0128.v1

Cardiovascular Vulnerability to COVID-19 in Cancer Survivors

Beshay Zordoky

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Cardiology Keywords: COVID-19; Cancer Survivors; Cardiovascular

Online: 8 April 2020 (11:49:56 CEST)

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MEDICINE & PHARMACOLOGY