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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0812.v1

Genetic Markers of Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Resistance in Moscow

Natalia Bodunova, Larisa Tsapkova, Vera Polyakova, Irina Baratova, Konstantin Rumyantsev, Natalia Dekhnich, Karina Nikolskaya, Margarita Chebotareva, Irina Voynovan, Elena Parfenchikova, Galina Pronina, Ekaterina Chernikova, Dmitry Bordin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; antibiotic resistance; methods for determining H. pylori resistance; molecular genetic diagnostics; phenotypic methods for determining antibiotic resistance; geographical distribution of H. ; pylori antibiotic resistance

Online: 12 April 2024 (03:53:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0816.v1

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping by Retroperitoneal vNOTES for Uterus-Confined Malignancies: A Standardized 10-Step Approach

Daniela Emanuela Huber, Yannick Hurni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometrial cancer; cervical cancer; sentinel lymph node; vNOTES; transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery; minimally invasive surgery

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:29:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0765.v1

Circulating RKIP and pRKIP Might Be Novel Potential Biomarkers of Early-Stage Lung Cancer: Results from a Pilot Study

Roberto Gasparri, Massimo Papale, Angela Sabalic, Valeria Catalano, Annamaria Deleonardis, Federica De Luca, Elena Ranieri, Lorenzo Spaggiari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung cancer; biomarkers; RKIP; pRKIP; urine; serum

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:13:13 CEST)

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Lung cancer remains the main cause of global cancer-related deaths. Currently low-dose computed tomography (LD-CT) shows a 20% reduction of mortality. However, its clinical suitability is hindered by cost, radiation, and some false positives. Thus, the discovery non-invasive and less-expensive biomarker is urgent needed. In this scenario, proteins released in biological fluids could be considered interesting biomarkers for their role in cancer development. We conducted a pioneering case-control pilot study aimed at assessing the usefulness of Raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein (RKIP) and its phosphorylated form (pRKIP) as potential early-stage lung cancer biomarkers. Urine and Blood samples of two consecutive and independent cohorts of lung cancer patients and healthy controls were screened by means of a novel experimental ELISA assay designed to evaluate both forms of the biomarker. Although urinary levels of RKIP were not statistically different between the lung cancer group and high-risk healthy group, serum ones instead increased significantly in early stage LC patients and permitted to discriminate LC patients from both low-risk (HS) and high-risk healthy subjects (HR-HS) with an overall 93% accuracy (AUC 0.93) when LC was compared to HS and 74% (AUC 0.73) when it was compared to high-risk group. Of note, the analysis of RKIP/pRKIP ratio also showed a high accuracy (90% - AUC 0.95) in discriminating LC patients from HS and more importantly, it allowed to identify LC patients compared to HR-HS, with a higher accuracy (79% - AUC 0.79) than RKIP alone. We hypothesize that serum RKIP levels may be correlated to the activation of the immune systems against the tumor during the first phases of its development. Our study identified a preliminary, non-invasive, RKIP and pRKIP profile able to discriminate with high specificity and sensitivity the early-stage lung cancer patients from high-risk Healthy Subjects. These results, although preliminary, suggest the utility of measuring RKIP/pRKIP as potential new screening test for lung cancer and provide the basis for future validation studies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0758.v1

Positional and Dimensional Tmj Changes Following the Use of Different Class II Correctors in a Sample of Erbil City [Randomized Clinical Trial]

Rebin Mohammedameen, Omar fawzi Chawshli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: fixed functional appliance; MRI; Class II; articular disc; Tmj

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:08:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0762.v1

Explore the Molecular Mechanism of Caveolae-1 Regulates Changes in Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Leading to Eosinophilic Meningoencephalitis

An-Chih Chen, Shih-Chan Lai, Cheng-You Lu, Ke-Min Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Angiostrongylus cantonensis; Caveolae-1; blood-brain barrier permeability; cerebral edema

Online: 11 April 2024 (13:59:17 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0753.v1

Pectus Carinatum, Small Pneumothorax, and Brugada Patterns: First Description and Pathophysiological Analysis

Alejandro Jesús Bermejo Valdés, Carlos Manuel Blanco Carmenates

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Brugada Syndrome; Brugada phenocopies; Brugada patterns; pectus carinatum; pneumothorax; subepicardium

Online: 11 April 2024 (13:57:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0754.v1

What Is a Sarcoma ‘Specialist Center’? Multidisciplinary Research Finds an Answer

Roger L Wilson, Denise Reinke, Gerard van Oortmerssen, Ornella Gonzato, Gabriele Ott, Chandrajit P Raut, B Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Rick L.M. Haas, Jonathan Trent, Robin Jones, Lauren Pretorius, Brandi Felser, Mandy Basson, Kathrin Schuster, Bernd Kasper

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Sarcoma; specialist center; expert center; clinical expertise; patient advocacy; care pathways

Online: 11 April 2024 (12:59:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0746.v1

Self-Report Measurement by the Rider to Monitor Their Horses’ Adaptive Response to Training and Competition in Eventing

Insa Rump-Dierig, Katharina Charlotte Jensen, Anna M. Liedtke, Heidrun Gehlen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: self-report measurement; fatigue; training management; performance diagnostics

Online: 11 April 2024 (12:52:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0811.v1

Whole-Genome Deep Sequencing of the Healthy Adult Nasal Microbiome

Mark Cannon, Gustavo Ferrer, Mari Tesch, Matthew Schipma

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Otolaryngology Keywords: Deep sequencing; nasal microbiome; gateway microbiome; diversity; richness; probiotics; nasal spray

Online: 11 April 2024 (11:27:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0810.v1

The Role of Oxytocin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Nicoletta Cera, Joana Pinto, Duarte Pignatelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Oxytocin; PCOS; Systematic Review; Fertility

Online: 11 April 2024 (11:19:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0781.v1

The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway: Potential Role in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Priscila Oliveira Barbosa, Jose E. Tanus-Santos, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Tore Bengtsson, Marcelo Freitas Montenegro, Valeria Cristina Sandrim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Endothelial cell; pregnancy; nitric oxide; nitrate; oxidative stress; pre-eclampsia.

Online: 11 April 2024 (10:29:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0776.v1

Prior Appendicectomy and Gut Microbiota Reestablishment in Adults After Bowel Preparation and Colonoscopy

Amelia J McGuinness, Martin O'Hely, Douglas Stupart, David Watters, Samantha L Dawson, Christopher Hair, Michael Berk, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Amy Loughman, Glenn Guest, Felice N Jacka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Bowel preparation; gut microbiota; colonoscopy; appendix; appendicectomy; appendectomy.

Online: 11 April 2024 (10:10:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0784.v1

Dramatic Suppression of Lipogenesis and No Increase in Beta- Oxidation Are the Main Effects of Bergamot Flavonoids on Gene Expression in Fatty Liver Disease

Maddalena Parafati, Daniele La Russa, Antonella Lascala, Francesco Crupi, Concetta Riillo, Bartosz Fotschki, Vincenzo Mollace, Elzbieta Janda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: flavonoids; hepatic steatosis; lipogenesis; Citrus Bergamia; gene profiling

Online: 11 April 2024 (09:32:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0755.v1

NegEnt Spray: An Original CE Medical Device, Based on Liposomal Cannabidiol and Chamomile Hydrolate, for the Treatment of Muscles and Joints

Tullio Scrimali

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: ; Musculoskeletal disorders, Cannabidiol, Liposomal technology, Chamomile hydrolate, Topical treatment.

Online: 11 April 2024 (09:02:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0772.v1

Distal Locking of Intramedullary Nailing in Tibial Shaft Fractures: A Comparison between Fluoroscopic and Electromagnetic Guidance

Gianluca Testa, Fabio Sammartino, Sebastiano Mangano, Luca Gurrieri, Gioele Vitaliti, Marco Sapienza, Vito Pavone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: tibial shaft fractures; locked intramedullary nailing; distal screw locking; freehand; sureshot

Online: 11 April 2024 (07:37:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0777.v1

Pro-Inflammatory Biomarkers and Long Term Neurological Outcomes in Hypothermia Plus Melatonin Treated Newborns. A Pilot Clinical Trial

Antonio Jerez-Calero, Francisco Contreras-Chova, Angela Benitez-Feliponi, Hatim Azaryah, Jose Antonio Hurtado-Suazo, M. Fernanda Moreno-Galdó, Antonio Molina-Carballo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy; therapeutic hypothermia; pro-inflammatory biomarkers; cytokines; melatonin; neurodevelopment ;

Online: 11 April 2024 (07:29:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0735.v1

Preparation and Evaluation of Niosomal Formulation for Solubility Enhancement of Anti-fungal Agent for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis

Yogesh Chaudhari, Manisha Chaudhari, Shikha Prasad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: Candida albicans; Oral thrush; Anti-fungal; Subgingival film; Niosomes

Online: 11 April 2024 (04:02:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0698.v1

Is it Possible for Patients with Early Distal Junctional Kyphosis following Adult Cervical Deformity Corrective Surgery to Achieve Similar Outcomes to their Unaffected Counterparts: an Analysis of Recovery Kinetics

Oluwatobi O Onafowokan, Bailey Imbo, Tyler Williamson, Ankita Das, Jamshaid M Mir, Matthew Galetta, Nathan Lorentz, Peter G Passias

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: cervical deformity; aliggnment; distal junctional kyphosis; recovery kinetics

Online: 10 April 2024 (13:13:00 CEST)

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BACKGROUND: Distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) remains a primary concern for surgeons performing cervical deformity (CD) surgery. Many times post-operative complications from CD surgeries render patients with worse recovery profiles than their peers. It is important to understand DJK recovery profiles following CD surgery patients. PURPOSE: To identify if DJK patients successfully recover from treatment/reoperation STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Retrospective review of prospectively collected database PATIENT SAMPLE: 113 CD patients OUTCOME MEASURES: CD, HRQL, DJK, Recovery kinetics METHODS: CD patients with available BL and 2Y follow-up data. DJK angle (DJKA) was defined as >10° change in kyphosis between LIV and LIV-2, and a >10° index angle. Patients were stratified into two groups: 1) those who developed DJK by 3M and 2) those that did not develop DJK. Patients who developed DJK beyond 3M were excluded from the study. Means comparison tests analyzed differences in demographic, surgical, radiographic, and health related quality of life (HRQL) scores. Normalized HRQL scores at 3M and follow-up intervals (6M, 1Y, 2Y) were generated. Regression analysis assessed patient reported outcomes adjusting for baseline and surgical characteristics. RESULTS: 113 patients were included (17 DJK, 96 no DJK). Age (60.3 vs 62.2), gender (F: 71.0% vs 61.0%), BMI (27.0 vs 28.3), CCI (0.77 vs 0.98), OpTime (484.0 vs 556.5min), EBL (1028.3 vs 843.9mL), and presenting neurologic symptoms (70.6% vs 76.0%) were similar between groups (P > .05). DJK patients were more sagittally-malaligned preop (cervical sagittal vertical axis {cSVA}: 59.0 vs 43.9); had more osteotomies (76.5% vs 49.0%), and underwent more combined approaches (64.7% vs 26.0%), all p < .05. Posterior approaches, decompressions, and levels fused were similar between groups (p > .05). Following surgery, rate of complications and neurologic symptoms were similar between groups, except DJK patients experienced more dysphagia (17.7% vs 4.2%; p=0.034). DJK patients remained more malaligned in cSVA through 2-yr follow-up (p < .05). DJK patients exhibited worse reported outcomes from 3M to 1Y (p < .05), but these differences subsided when following patients through to 2Y: worse NDI (65.3 vs 35.3) and EQ5D (0.68 vs 0.79) scores at 1Y (both P

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0692.v1

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: What Is the Best Surgical Option?

Renato Patrone, Federico Maria Mongardini, Alessandra Conzo, Chiara Cacciatore, Giovanni Cozzolino, Antonio Catauro, Eduardo Lanza, Francesco Izzo, Andrea Belli, Raffaele Palaia, Luigi Flagiello, Ferdinando De Vita, Ludovico Docimo, Giovanni Conzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: pNET; Neuroendocrine tumors; Pancreas tumor; pancreatic cancer; enucleation; Pancreatectomy

Online: 10 April 2024 (13:05:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0733.v1

Is Maternal Selenium Status Associated with Pregnancy Outcomes in Physiological and Complicated Pregnancy?

Joanna Pieczyńska, Rafał Sozański, Sylwia Płaczkowska, Halina Grajeta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: selenium; GPX; pregnancy; pregnancy complications; pregnancy outcome

Online: 10 April 2024 (13:01:47 CEST)

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Selenium is essential for the synthesis and function of various selenoenzymes, such as glutathione peroxidases, selenoprotein P, and thioredoxin reductase, which play an important role in both antioxidant defense and limiting oxidative damage. Associations between serum selenium concentration and obstetric complications as well as pregnancy outcomes has been reported in many studies. The aim of this study was to determine whether the dietary intake of selenium, its concentration in serum and the activity of glutathione peroxidase in subsequent trimesters of pregnancy affect the birth condition of newborns assessed on the basis of the Apgar score in the 1st and 5th minute of life, birth weight, body length and head and chest circumference in physiological and complicated pregnancy course. Twenty-seven pregnant women at a mean age 29.6 ± 4.8 years from the Lower Silesia region of Poland were recruited to the study, 55% of studied group had pregnancy complications. The mean reported Se intake and serum selenium content for Polish pregnant women was in the first trimester – 56.53 μg/day and 43.75 μg/l, the second trimester – 61.79 μg/day and 41.77 μg/l and the third trimester – 58.37 μg/day and 42.13 μg/l, respectively. In the subgroup of pregnant women with a physiological pregnancy course, a weak, although statistically significant, positive correlation was found in the first trimester between Se intake and the length (R=0.48, p=0.019) and birth weight of newborns (R=0.472, p=0.022), and in the second trimester with the APGAR score at 1 (R=0.680, p=0.005) and 5 minutes (R=0.55, p=0.033), as well as in the third trimester with th APGAR score at 1 minut (R=0.658, p=0.019). The GPX value had a strong positive correlation with the APGAR score at 1 min. (R=0.650, p=0.008) in the second trimester and with the birth weight of the newborns (R=0.598, p=0.039) in the third trimester. There was no correlation between newborns' birth measurements and serum selenium concentration. In the subgroup of pregnant women with pregnancy complications, a strong, statistically significant, negative correlation was found between Se intake in the second trimester and gestational age (R=-0.618, p=0.032), and in the third trimester, a positive correlation between Se concentration in serum and head circumference (R=0.587, p=0.021). The obtained results indicate that there is a relationship between the maternal selenium status during pregnancy, both in terms of the intake of this element, its serum concentration as well as the glutathione peroxidase activity, and the anthropometric parameters of the newborn, such as birth weight, length and APGAR score, especially in the group with physiological course of pregnancy, but when pregnancy complications occur, these relationships lose their importance.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0739.v1

Possible New Histological Prognostic Index for Aggressive Mature T-cell Lymphoma (TCL Urayasu Classification)— a Brief Review of the Literature on the Functional Proteins Involved in Refractory Hematologic Malignancy—

Hideaki Nitta, Haruko Takizawa, Toru Mitsumori, Hiroko Iizuka-Honmal), Tomonori Ochiai, Chiho Furuya, Yoshihiko Araki, Maki Fujishiro, Shigeki Tomita, Akane Hashizume, Tomohiro Sawada, Kazunori Miyake, Mitsuo Okubo, Yasunobu Sekiguchi, Miki Ando, Masaaki Noguchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: TCL, prognostic classification, GRP94, PD-L1, PD-L2, PD-1, AKR1C3, P53, GRP78, thymidine phosphorylase

Online: 10 April 2024 (12:17:56 CEST)

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Aggressive mature T-cell lymphoma (TCL) is a disease that carries a poor prognosis. The mechanism, at the functional protein level, of the resistance to therapy of TCL has not yet been well clarified. To comprehensively clarify the mechanism, we first reviewed the literature, as mentioned in the Introduction section, on 22 types of representative functional proteins reported as being potentially associated with treatment resistance, mainly in hematologic tumors. Next, we retrospectively analyzed the tumor cell expressions of these 22 functional proteins in 16 randomly selected patients with TCL who had received CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxyl doxorubicin, oncovin, and prednisolone) therapy as first-line treatment. As a result, we propose a new three-group prognostic classification of TCL (the TCL Urayasu Classification) based on the mechanism of resistance to treatment of these tumors. The study subjects included 7 patients (44%) with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), 6 patients (38%) with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), and 3 patients (19%) with anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (ALCL). Immunohistochemistry was performed in paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections prepared from these patients as antigens using antibodies against the 22 previously reported treatment-resistance-related proteins to determine the tumor cell expression statuses of these proteins. Log-rank test was performed to compare the overall survival (OS) after CHOP therapy of the patients showing positive and negative immunostaining for these proteins, as well as among patients grouped based on other factors. Overall, the median OS of the TCL patients was about 33.5 months. When compared by the disease type, the prognosis was found to be worse in the order of ALCL, AITL, and PTCL. A multivariate analysis showed that expression of glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94), a protein that serves as a pro-survival component under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the tumor microenvironment, was significantly associated with shortened survival. No significant difference was observed for the conventional poor prognostic factors: high-risk International Prognostic Index (IPI) and high-risk Prognostic Index for peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL-U) (PIT). However, when GRP94 was combined with six other factors, listed below, as survival-shortening factors, significant differences were observed. The 6 factors were 1) programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2) programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), which are involved in immune surveillance; 3) aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), which is an enzyme that inactivates HO (hydroxyl doxorubicin [H] and oncovin [O]) of CHOP; 4) P53, a tumor suppressor; 5) Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), an ER stress protein; 6) thymidine phosphorylase (TP), which is an enzyme involved in thymidine catabolism. Based on the combination of GRP94 and the six other factors expressed in the tumors, we propose a new prognostic classification system for TCL (TCL Urayasu classification). Group 1 (group with a relatively good prognosis): GRP94-negative (n = 6; median OS, 88 months; p < 0.01); Group 2 (group with a poor prognosis): GRP94-positive, plus expression of 2 of the 6 aforementioned factors (n = 5; median OS, 25 months; p > 0.05); and Group 3 (group with a very poor prognosis): GRP94-positive, plus expression of at least 3 of the 6 aforementioned factors (n = 5; median OS, 10 months; p < 0.01). Thus, the TCL Urayasu prognostic classification is a simple, useful, and innovative classification that also explains the mechanism of resistance to treatment for each functional protein. Accumulation of more cases and further analyses are expected in the future to enable clinical application, such as use of a stratified treatment approach and treatment using inhibitors.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0734.v1

Which factors influence the consumption of antibiotics in Q-fever-positive dairy farms in Northern Germany?

Niclas Huber, Natascha Gundling, Maria Thurow, Uwe Ligges, Martina Hoedemaker

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Coxiella burnetii vaccination antibiotics dairy cows

Online: 10 April 2024 (11:00:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0703.v1

Urine 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid Negatively Correlates with Migraine Occurrence and Characteristics in the Interictal Phase of Episodic Migraine

Michal Fila, Jan Chojnacki, Marcin Derwich, Cezary Chojnacki, Elzbieta Pawlowska, Janusz Blasiak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: migraine; tryptophan metabolism; serotonin; 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; migraine-related anxiety

Online: 10 April 2024 (10:34:16 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0686.v1

Support Vector Machine-Based Formula for Detecting Suspected α Thalassemia Carriers: A Path Toward Universal Screening

Idit Lachover-Roth, Sari Peretz, Hiba Zoabi, Harel Eitam, Leonid Livshits, Dvora Filon, Carina Levin, Ariel Koren

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Alpha Thalassemia, Screening, Support Vector Machine, Mathematical Formulas

Online: 10 April 2024 (09:45:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0717.v1

A Simple Frailty Score Predicts Survival and Early Mortality in Systemic AL Amyloidosis

Rafael Ríos-Tamayo, Ramón Lecumberri, Maria Teresa Cibeira, Veronica Gonzalez-Calle, Rafael Alonso, Amalia Domingo, Elena Landete, Cristina Encinas, Belén Iñigo, Maria Jesus Blanchard, Elena Alejo, Isabel Krsnik, Manuel Gómez-Bueno, Pablo Garcia-Pavia, Javier Segovia-Cubero, Laura Rosiñol, Juan-José Lahuerta, Joaquín Martínez-López, Joan Bladé

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: AL amyloidosis; survival; early mortality; frailty

Online: 10 April 2024 (09:14:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0719.v1

In silico Splicing Analysis of the PMS2 Gene: Exploring Alternative Molecular Mechanisms in PMS2-Associated Lynch Syndrome

Catalin Vasile Munteanu, Catalin Valer Marian, Adela Chirita-Emandi, Maria Puiu, Adrian Pavel Trifa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Lynch syndrome; mismatch repair gene PMS2; alternative splicing; RNA splicing; splicing muta-tions; exon skipping; splicing regulatory elements

Online: 10 April 2024 (09:13:16 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0714.v1

Pharmacists’ Behavioral Change after Attending a Palliative Care Education Program in a Multi-Prefecture

Masahiro Yamada, Mayako Uchida, Masao Hada, Haruka Wakabaashi, Daigo Inma, Shunji Ariyoshi, Hidetoshi Kamimura, Tohru Haraguchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: pharmacists’ behavioral change; cancer; palliative care; education program; multi-prefecture; transtheoretical model

Online: 10 April 2024 (08:20:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0689.v1

Updates on the Management of Colorectal Cancer in Older Adults

Conor DJ O’Donnell, Joleen Hubbard, Zhaohui Jin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Geriatric Oncology; Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment

Online: 10 April 2024 (07:59:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0676.v1

Onychomycosis in Foot and Toe Malformations

Eckart Haneke

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: onychomycosis; predisposing factors; foot deformation; toe malposition; Hallux valgus; Hallux valgus interphalangeus; Hallux erectus

Online: 10 April 2024 (07:51:33 CEST)

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Introduction: It has long been accepted that trauma is one of the most important and frequent predisposing factors for onychomycoses . However, the role of direct trauma in the pathogenesis of fungal nail infections was only recently been elucidated in a series of 32 cases of post-traumatic single-digit onychomycosis. The importance of repeated trauma due to foot and toe abnormalities was rarely investigated.Aim of the study: This is a multicenter single-author observational study over a period of 6 years performed at a specialized nail clinic in three countries. All patient photographs taken by the author during this period were screened for toenail alterations and all toe onychomycosis cases were checked whether they contained enough information to evaluate potential foot and toe abnormalities. Particular attention was paid to the presence of hallux valgus, hallux valgus interphalangeus, hallux erectus, inward rotation of the big toe and outward rotation of the little toe, as well as splay foot. Only cases with unequivocal proof of fungal nail infection by either histopathology, mycologic culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were accepted.Results: Of 1653 cases, 185 were onychomycoses proven by mycologic culture, PCR or histopathology. Of these, 179 involved at least one big toenail, 6 affected one or more lesser toenails. Three patients consulted us for another toenail disease and the onychomycosis was diagnosed as a second disease. Eight patients had a pronounced tinea pedum. Relatively few patients had a normal big toe position (n = 9). Most of the cases had a mild to marked hallux valgus (HV) (105) and a hallux valgus interphalangeus (HVI) (143), hallux erectus was observed in 43 patients, the combination of HV and HVI was observed 83 times. Discussion: The very high percentage of foot and toe deformations was surprising. It may be hypothesized that this is not only a pathogenetically important factor but may also play an important role for the localization of the fungal infection as no marked hallux deviation was noted in onychomycoses that affected the lesser toes only. As the management of onychomycoses is a complex procedure involving the exact diagnosis with determination of the pathogenic fungus, the nail growth rate, the type of onychomycosis, its duration and predisposing factors, anomalies of the toe position may be important. Among the most commonly mentioned predisposing factors are peripheral circulatory insufficiency, venous stasis, peripheral neuropathy, immune deficiency and iatrogenic immunosuppression whereas foot problems are not given enough attention. Unfortunately, many of these predisposing and aggravating factors are difficult to treat or to correct. Generally, when explaining the treatment of onychomycoses to the patients, the importance of these orthopedic alterations is not or only insufficiently discussed. In view of the problems encountered with the treatment of toenail mycoses, this attitude should be changed in order to make the patient understand why there is such a low cure rate despite excellent minimal inhibitory drug concentrations in the laboratory.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0679.v1

MicroRNAs Monitoring in Human Alveolar Macrophages from Patients with Smoking-Related Lung Diseases: A Preliminary Study

Davida Mirra, Renata Esposito, Giuseppe Spaziano, Liberata Sportiello, Francesca Panico, Antonio Squillante, Maddalena Falciani, Ida Cerqua, Luca Gallelli, Erika Cione, Bruno D’Agostino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: miRNA; copd; alveolar macrophages; smoking-related lung diseases; lung cancer

Online: 10 April 2024 (07:21:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0678.v1

Neurosurgical Management and Modifiable Risk Factors of Neurocognitive Decline

Ali Ahmed Mohamed, Garrett Flynn, Christopher Haff, Edwin Mouhawasse, Steven Faragalla, Brandon Luke-Wold

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: brain computer interface; encapsulated cell biodelivery; focused ultrasound; radiofrequency; radiosurgery; transcranial direct current stimulation; transranial magnetic stimulation; electroconvulsive therapy; Deep Brain Stimulation

Online: 10 April 2024 (07:18:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0667.v1

Circadian Rhythms in Tongue Features

Jihye Kim, Woosu Choi, Keun Ho Kim, Dong-Hyun Nam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Otolaryngology Keywords: Tongue features; tongue color; tongue coating; circadian rhythm

Online: 10 April 2024 (06:46:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0659.v1

Gerontogen as the Toxicology of Aging

Rahma Rahma, Agian Jeffilano Barinda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: aging; senescence; toxicology; gerontogen; senotherapy

Online: 10 April 2024 (03:17:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0658.v1

Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment - The Emergence and Impact of Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs): A Systematic Review

Christopher Korban, Omar Fayaz, Aryan Kohli, Christian Chung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: antibody-drug conjugates; cancer; monoclonal antibodies

Online: 10 April 2024 (03:04:44 CEST)

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Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), a groundbreaking advancement in cancer therapy, synergistically combine the precision of monoclonal antibodies with the potent destruction capabilities of cytotoxic drugs, signifying a new era in the targeted oncological treatments. This comprehensive paper delves into the evolving field of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and their pivotal role in cancer therapy. We have conducted an in-depth exploration of the structural components of ADCs, including target antigens, monoclonal antibodies, chemical linkers, and cytotoxic payloads, each playing a crucial role in determining the efficacy and safety profile of these novel therapies. A detailed market analysis reveals the leading pharmaceutical companies shaping the ADC landscape, reflecting the growing interest and potential in this therapeutic approach. We further dissect the engineering intricacies of ADCs, focusing on their ability to target specific cancer cell antigens while minimizing off-target effects, thus offering a more focused treatment with reduced systemic side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. This approach holds promise in a heightened therapeutic index and decreased toxicity. The mechanisms and effector functions of ADCs are explored, highlight- ing their multifaceted strategy in combating cancer. We include a comprehensive look at how ADCs operate from initial blood circulation to the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. We also review several key ADCs currently in use or under investigation, offering insights into their unique mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and clinical implications. The discussion extends to drug creation modalities, focusing on innovative conjugation techniques that enhance ADC homogeneity and therapeutic efficacy. In conclusion, the paper underscores the transformative potential of ADCs in the realm of cancer treatment, marking a shift towards more precise and targeted therapeutic approaches. By offering a thorough analysis of ADC technology, this paper sheds light on the prospects of these groundbreaking therapies in the ongoing fight against cancer.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0326.v2

Modulation of Corticospinal Excitability during Action Observation in Patients with Consciousness-Related Disturbances

Mauro Mancuso, Lucia Mencarelli, Laura Abbruzzese, Benedetta Basagni, Pierluigi Zoccolotti, Cristiano Scarselli, Simone Capitani, Francesco Neri, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Simone Rossi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Disorders of consciousness; minimally consciousness state; vegetative state/unresponsiveness wakefulness syndrome; transcranial magnetic stimulation; action observation

Online: 9 April 2024 (16:50:02 CEST)

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Brain imaging studies have recently provided some evidence in favour of covert cognitive processes ongoing in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) (e.g., minimally consciousness states, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome) engaged in passive sensory stimulation or active tasks such as motor imagery. In this exploratory study, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex to assess modulations of corticospinal excitability induced by action observation in eleven patients with DoC. Action observation is known to facilitate corticospinal excitability in healthy subjects, unveiling how the observer’s motor system maps others’ actions onto her/his motor repertoire. Additional stimuli were non-biological motion and acoustic startle stimuli, provided that sudden and loud acoustic stimulation is known to lower corticospinal excitability in healthy subjects. Results indicate that some form of motor resonance is spared in a subset of patients with DoC with some significant difference between biological and non-biological motion stimuli. However, there was no covariation between corticospinal excitability and the type of DoC diagnosis (i.e., whether VS/UWS or MCS). Similarly, no covariation was detected with clinical changes between admission and discharge in clinical outcome measures. Both motor resonance and biological/non-biological motion discrimination correlated with the amplitude of the N20 somatosensory evoked potentials following the stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist (i.e., the temporal marker signalling the activation of the contralateral primary somatosensory cortex). Moreover, the startle-evoking stimulus produced an anomalous increase in corticospinal excitability, suggesting a functional dissociation between cortical and subcortical circuits in patients with DoC. Further work is needed to better comprehend the conditions in which corticospinal facilitation occurs and whether and how they may relate to individual clinical parameters.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0682.v1

Evaluation and Rehabilitation After Adult Lumbar Spine Surgery

Tomoyoshi Sakaguchi, Sharvari Gunjotikar, Masato Tanaka, Tadashi Komatsubara, Kajetan Latka, Shashank J Ekade, Shrinivas P Prabhu, Kazuhiko Takamatsu, Yosuke Yasuda, Masami Nakagawa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Rehabilitation; Lumbar surgery; Physiotherapy; Muscle exercise

Online: 9 April 2024 (16:05:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0684.v1

Synergistic Effect of Terbinafine and Blue Light on Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Human Keratinocytes: Potential Implications for Cutaneous Mycosis

Luis Alfonso Pérez-González, Maria Antonia Martínez-Pascual, Elena Toledano-Macías, Rosa Cristina Jara-Laguna, Montserrat Fernández-Guarino, Maria Luisa Hernandez-Bule

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: onychomycosis; physical therapies; keratinocytes; reactive oxygen species; blue light

Online: 9 April 2024 (15:19:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0680.v1

A Single Center Experience in Combined Oncological-Surgical Treatment for Resectable Locally-Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Dan Levy Faber, Abed Agbarya, Ben Caspy, Moshe Lapidot, Shoshana Keren Rosenberg, Sonia Shnair, Erez Sharoni, Ronen Galili

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Locally advanced stage; Neoadjuvant treatment; Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, surgery; chemoradiation therapy, immunotherapy

Online: 9 April 2024 (14:16:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0640.v1

Cracking the Code: Investigating the Correlation between Aerobic Vaginitis and Preterm Labor

Panagiota Zarmakoupi, Alexandros Psarris, Christina Karasmani, Panagiotis Antsaklis, Marianna Theodora, Michael Syndos, Andreas Pampanos, Kalliopi I. Pappa, Ekaterini Domali, Nikolaos Thomakos, Karolina Akinosoglou, Aristotelis Tsiakalos, George Daskalakis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Aerobic vaginitis; desquamative aerobic vaginitis; pregnancy outcomes; preterm labor

Online: 9 April 2024 (13:04:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0670.v1

Benign Paroxysmal Torticollis

Elisabetta Tozzi, Luca Olivieri, Pamela Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Torticollis; children periodic syndrome; migraine genetics

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:58:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0644.v1

Inflammaging: Expanding the Molecular Palette of Cellular Immunophenotype

Dmitry O. Ivanov, Anna O. Drobintseva, Valeriia R. Rodichkina, Ekaterina S. Mironova, Tatiana S. Zubareva, Yulia S. Krylova, Svetlana N. Morozkina, Ruslan A. Nasyrov, Igor M. Kvetnoy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: aging; inflammation; endometrium cells; molecular markers; molecular targets

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:49:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0636.v1

BRCA1/2 Testing Landscape in Ovarian Cancer: A Nationwide, Real-World Data Study

Lieke Lanjouw, Joost Bart, Marian J.E. Mourits, Stefan M. Willems, Annemieke H. van der Hout, Arja ter Elst, Geertruida H. de Bock

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants; ovarian carcinoma; tumor test; next generation sequencing; real-world data

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:45:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0632.v1

Dual PPAR-α/γ Activation by Algal Fiber-Rich NBF2 Formula Reverses Dyslipidemia and Hyperglycemia In Vivo

Nlandu Roger Ngatu, Akram Hossain, Nao Mruo, Steeve Akumwami, Asadur Md Rahman, Masamitsu Eitoku, Kanae Kanda, Luzitu Severin Nangana, Kuezina Daniel-Tonduangu, Akira Nishiyama, Narufumi Suganuma, Tomohiro Hirao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Algal formula; Dyslipidemia; Obese rat; Type 2 diabetes; Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor; Type 2 diabetes

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:40:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0656.v1

Fontan Assist Devices, a Systematic Review of Twenty Years of Experimental and In Vivo Trials

Antoine AbdelMassih, Zahraa Allami, Moyasar AlTatari, Rahaf AbuGhosh, Alma AlFakhori, Omar AlMistarihi, Laila Alkhouli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Fontan assist device; Connecting chamber; intravascular pump; compression device

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:24:03 CEST)

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Background:Fontan completion is the last stage of univentricular repair, which drains the inferior vena cava against gravity to a higher-pressure pulmonary arterial circulation. The passivity and anti-gravity nature of this circulation render a failing Fontan, not an uncommon encounter, twenty years ago, Rodefeld and colleagues, decided to explore the feasibility of vascular pumps to support the passive nature of Fontan circulation, and since then, trials are still ongoing, and we aimed through this review to wrap up the results of these trials. Methods:A literature review has been conducted, to identify any in vivo or in vitro trial of a Fontan assist device. Several outcome parameters determined whether the trial will be included or not in this review, including, the flow rate of a pump if applicable, the number of compressions per minute if a compression device has been used, the resultant flow rate, the inferior and superior vena cava pressures, associated with each setting of the respective device, and any evidence of hemolysis or clotting within the circuit. Results:A total of ten trials have been included, with 23 different settings. Three designs have been identified, out of which two fall within the pump design, namely the connecting chamber and the intravascular pump designs; only one trial explored the possible use of a compression device. The commonest design encountered in in-vivo trials was the intravascular pump (67%). No reports of significant hemolysis or thrombosis were found. An increasing flow rate beyond 5L/min was associated with a negative outcome in the connecting chamber design, increasing upstream pressure in the SVC, while intravascular pumps did not display this limitation. Conclusion:Univentricular heart patients are a relatively small population, with very extensive needs, despite twenty years of trials, no study has yet concluded the optimal design or settings for a Fontan assist device. In this review, we identified that the intravascular pump remains the most practical design, due to its easy mode of insertion, and that it is not faced with the limitation or risk of increasing upstream resistance. There is still a long way to conclude its use as other designs such as compression devices have not yet been fully studied.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0651.v1

Dual Inhibition of PI3 Kinase and MAP Kinase Signaling Pathways in Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines Leads to Proliferation Arrest but Not Apoptosis

Jessica Schüler, Martina Vockerodt, Niloofar Salehzadeh, Jürgen Becker, Joerg Wilting

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Cholangiocyte – primary liver cancer – selumetinib – AZD6244 – MK2206 – intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Online: 9 April 2024 (10:56:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0652.v1

Targeting H3N2 Influenza: Advancements in Treatment and Vaccine Strategies

Shriyansh Srivastava, Nandani Jayaswal, Sachin Kumar, G.S.N. Kotesawara Rao Rao, Roja Rani Budha, Aroop Mohanty, Rachana Mehta, Ranjit Sah, D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Ricardo R. Ulloque-Badaracco, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: H3N2 Influenza; Antigenic Variation; Vaccine Efficacy; Pandemic Potential; Multidisciplinary Approach

Online: 9 April 2024 (10:27:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1075.v4

Diagnosis, Treatment and Long-Term Management of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Adults: A Delphi Expert Consensus

Rima Obeid, Emmanuel Andrès, Richard Češka, Babak Hooshmand, Rosa-Maria Guéant-Rodriguez, Gabriel Ioan Prada, Jarosław Sławek, Latchezar Traykov, Binh Van Ta, Tamás Várkonyi, Karlheinz Reiners

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: Diagnosis; neuropathy; cognitive decline; anemia; treatment; vitamin B12 deficiency

Online: 9 April 2024 (10:26:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0588.v2

Saudi Arabia's Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Outbreak: Consequences, Reactions, and Takeaways

IZERE Salomon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Public health; global health security; MERS-CoV; outbreak; Saudi Arabia

Online: 9 April 2024 (10:04:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0100.v2

Plant-Based Diet and Supplements Reduced COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Elderly Patients with Multiple Comorbidities (Part 2: Exploring the Underlying Mechanisms of Successful Intervention)

Dasaad Mulijono, Albert Manggading Hutapea, I Nyoman Ehrich Lister, Mondastri Khorib Sudaryo, Helwiah Umniyati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Plant-based; COVID-19; Inflammation; Supplements

Online: 9 April 2024 (10:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0445.v2

Topological Representation of Sample Size Calculation: The 4D Nature of Variables and 3D Nature of Surfaces

Dev Desai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Sample Size, Topology, Variables, Z, Prevalence, Precision

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:56:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0641.v1

Structure-Activity Relationship of Synthetic Linear KTS-Peptides Containing Meta-Aminobenzoic Acid as Antagonists of α1β1 Integrin with Antiangiogenic and Melanoma’ Antitumor Activities

Majdi Saleem Naamneh, Tatjana Momic, Michal Klazas, Julius Grosche, Johannes A Eble, Cezary Marcinkiewicz, Netaly Khazanov, Hanoch Senderowitz, Amnon Hoffman, Chaim Gilon, Jehoshua Katzhendler, Philip Lazarovici

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: MABA; KTS; peptide synthesis; modeling; conformation; stability; integrin α 1; cell adhesion; angiogenesis; melanoma tumor

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:51:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0616.v1

Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 3 (LPA3): Signaling and Phosphorylation Sites

K. Helivier Solís, M. Teresa Romero-Ávila, Ruth Rincón-Heredia, J. Adolfo García-Sáinz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Keywords: Lysophosphatidic acid: LPA; Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3; LPA3; phosphorylation sites; signaling.

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:39:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0634.v1

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in the Wake of the Eid al-Adha: A Single-Center, Five-Year Experience

Mehmet Tapan, Burak Yaşar, Hasan Murat Ergani, Süleyman Can Ceylan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: eid al-adha, extensor tendon injuries, flexor pollicis longus tendon injury, hand surgery, maxillofacial trauma

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:36:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0627.v1

Diagnostic Modalities in the Detection of Cardiac Amyloidosis

Syed Bukhari, Zubair Bashir

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Cardiac amyloidosis; transthyretin; echocardiography; cardiac magnetic resonance; Tc-pyrophosphate scintigraphy

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:32:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0600.v1

Echocardiography myocardial work and cardiac biomarkers indicate subclinical systolic myocardial dysfunction in patients with systematic lupus erythematous

Nikolaos P.E. Kadoglou, Alexandriani Dimopoulou, Ioannis Korakianitis, Konstantinos Parperis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: systematic lupus erythematous; echocardiography; myocardial work; speckle tracking echocardiography; high sensitivity troponin; natriuretic peptide

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:26:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0602.v1

Enhancing EQ-5D-5L sensitivity in capturing the most common symptoms in post COVID-19 patients: an exploratory cross-sectional study with focus on fatigue, memory/concentration problems and dyspnea dimensions

Helena Janols, Carl Wadsten, Christoffer Forssell, Elena Raffeti, Christer Janson, Xingwu Zhou, Marta A. Kisiel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: EQ-5D-5L, fatigue, memory/concentration problems, dyspnea, EQ-VAS, COVID-19

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:01:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0628.v1

Mechanism of How Plant-Based Diet (PBD) Reduces the Risk of In-Stent Restenosis (ISR) and Stent Thrombosis (ST)

Dasaad Mulijono

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Plant-based diet; lifestyle; in-stent restenosis; stent thrombosis; ISR; ST; atherosclerosis; mitochondria; telomere

Online: 9 April 2024 (08:49:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0592.v1

Alkaloid Profiling and Anti-Cholinesterase Potential of Three Different Genera of Amaryllidaceae Collected in Ecuador: Urceolina Rchb., Clinanthus Herb., and Stenomesson Herb

Luciana R. Tallini, Karen Acosta León, Raúl Chamorro, Edison H. Osorio, Jaume Bastida, Lou Jost, Nora H. Oleas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Amaryllidoideae; alkaloids; Amazon lily; Alzheimer’ s disease; computational experiments

Online: 9 April 2024 (07:40:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0588.v1

Saudi Arabia's Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Outbreak: Consequences, Reactions, and Takeaways

IZERE Salomon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Public health; global health security; MERS-CoV; outbreak; Saudi Arabia

Online: 8 April 2024 (17:23:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0582.v1

Stem Cells and Acellular Preparations in Bone Regeneration/Fracture Healing: Current Therapies and Future Directions

Marcel G. Brown MD, Davis J. Brady BS, Kelsey M. Healy BS, Kaitlin A. Henry BS, Ayobami S. Ogunsola MD MPH, Xue Ma MD PhD

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: stem cells; bone regeneration; fracture healing

Online: 8 April 2024 (17:18:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0552.v1

Assessment of Contemporary Fabrication Technologies for Post and Core Restorations - A Narrative Review

Mariya Dimitrova, Angelina Vlahova, Rada Kazakova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: post and core restorations; CAD/CAM; semi-digital; prosthodontics; digital dentistry

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:44:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0585.v1

The Role of Dietary Phenolic Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Reports

Ana C. Gonçalves, Sofia Rodrigues, Rafael Rodrigues, Luís R. Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; phenolic compounds; rheumatoid arthritis, diet, quality of life.

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:44:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0554.v1

The Influence of Lifestyle on Male Fertility in the Context of Insulin Resistance – Identification of Factors That Influence Semen Quality with the Construction of a Multivariate Model for the Prediction of Correct or Incorrect Sperm Motility Test Results

Adrianna Zańko, Iwo Martynowicz, Anna Citko, Paulina Konopka, Adam Paszko, Michał Pawłowski, Łukasz Szczerbiński, Katarzyna Siewko, Adam Jacek Krętowski, Waldemar Kuczyński, Robert Milewski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Reproductive Medicine Keywords: male fertility; insulin resistance; sperm motility; lifestyle

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:41:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0567.v1

Immunogenicity of Non-mutated Ovarian Cancer-Specific Antigens

Leslie Hesnard, Catherine Thériault, Maxime Cahuzac, Chantal Durette, Krystel Vincent, Marie-Pierre Hardy, Joël Lanoix, Gabriel Ouellet Lavallée, Juliette Humeau, Pierre Thibault, Claude Perreault

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Tumor-specific antigen; Vaccine; Mass spectrometry; Antigen presentation; Immunogenicity; Dendritic cells

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:41:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0564.v1

BK Polyomavirus in Pediatric Renal Transplantation. What We Know and What We Don’t.

Benedetta Chiodini, Pauline Guillaume-Gentil, Charlotte Vanhomwegen, Elise Hennaut, Ksenija Lolin, Nathalie Tram, Alain Le Moine, Khalid Ismaili

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: BK polyomavirus; BKPyV nephropathy; kidney transplantation

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:40:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0575.v1

Cannabinoids and Cardiac Rhythms: Unveiling the Relationship between Cannabis Use, ECG Changes, and Arrhythmias

Behzad Fahimi, Somayeh Beikmohammadi, Parsa Rostami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Cannabis; Electrocardiogram (ECG); Arrhythmias; Myocardial ischemia; Cardiac ion channels

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:02:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0540.v1

Altered Arterial Stiffness, Ventricular-Arterial Coupling and Troponin Levels in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematous

Nikolaos P.E. Kadoglou, Alexandriani Dimopoulou, Evangelia Gkougkoudi, Konstantinos Parperis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus; arterial stiffness; cardio-ankle vascular index; troponin; ventricular-arterial coupling

Online: 8 April 2024 (14:37:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0571.v1

Unselective Measurement of Tumor‐to‐Stroma Proportion in Colon Cancer at the Invasion Front– an Elusive Prognostic Factor. Original Patient Data and Review of the Literature

Zsolt Fekete, Patricia Ignat, Amelia Cristina Resiga, Nicolae Todor, Alina-Simona Muntean, Liliana Resiga, Sebastian Curcean, Gabriel Lazar, Alexandra Gherman, Dan Eniu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: fibrosis; tumor stroma; stroma to tumor ratio; pathology markers; colon cancer; adjuvant treatment; invasion front

Online: 8 April 2024 (14:35:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0541.v1

LPA3 Receptor Phosphorylation Sites: Roles in Signaling and Internalization

K. Helivier Solís, M. Teresa Romero-Ávila, Ruth Rincón-Heredia, J. Adolfo García-Sáinz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Lysophosphatidic acid: LPA; Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3; LPA3; phosphorylation sites; signaling

Online: 8 April 2024 (14:00:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0453.v1

GFsa Index for Adjustment of the Researchers’ Productivity/Ranking, considering the Two Most Relevant Variables Neglected: Total Number of Citations and “Scientific Age” – a Proof of Concept with the Assessment of 1,020 Highly-Cited Researchers in De

Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Dentistry; Research; Index; Citation; Ranking.

Online: 8 April 2024 (13:56:07 CEST)

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Background: Research articles are essential for describing new ideas, techniques, and procedures and consolidating concepts. It creates an opportunity to expose studies and publicly assimilate published knowledge. Therefore, one of them is the most used and accepted index to verify the author’s scientific impact is the H-index or Hirsch index. It provides a robust single metric that combines quality and quantity. Therefore, it presents disadvantages, (1) researchers with shorter scientific carriers may have fewer articles and citations than those with longer scientific life; (2) it allows scientists to receive citations even if no new papers are published; (3) it is only useful for comparing the better scientists in a field; (4) this indicator can never decrease; (5) it is only weakly sensitive to the number of citations received; (6) the major and minor (or no) contributor in the research gained equal h-index. Then, the H-index ignores the total of citations and the time of a researcher's experience (“scientific age” [sa]). Objective: Thus, the goal of this study was to present a new index system (GFsa index ©) based on the two variables completely forgotten (total of citations and “scientific age”), introducing a new terminology “scientific age”, to evaluate the best-ranked researchers in Dentistry. Methods: The AD Scientific Index was used, and all researchers included in this study were cited in the AD Scientific Index (2024) in the Dentistry field and had the Google Scholar page accessible for a consultation to manually obtain the total of citations and calculate the “scientific age”. The information was retrieved by two authors (G.V.O.F. and J.C.H.F.), who assessed the data twice to avoid errors or mistakes. For inclusion: a minimum H-index value of 30; for exclusion: (i) the author did not have a Google Scholar page; (ii) duplicated author; or (iii) presented any suspicious activities about manipulation of articles. Then, a dataset of all researchers who were reported in Dentistry was prepared (name, H-index, i10 index, and publications). The formula developed and applied was GFsa=(total number of citations)/(“scientific age)². The Pearson correlation statistically evaluated the data obtained; the confidence interval was 95%. Results: A total of 9,093 researchers in Dentistry were recorded, of whom 1,020 were included. Then, we collected all 1,020 researchers' Google Scholar data (publications, citations, and indexes), and each researcher's total citations and “scientific age” were registered and calculated. The mean “scientific age” registered was 34.18 ± 13.34 (standard error of mean = 0.4181). With this information and data collected, GFsa index © was calculated, presenting a minimum value of 0.2186 and a maximum of 154.8 (mean = 10.33 ± 11.82; standard error of mean = 0.3706). Then, the data was organized and sorted following the ranking obtained in the GFsa index ©. The Pearson correlation showed that the H-index had a weakly positive association with the researcher’s “scientific age”; this fact means that the H-index will increase according to the “scientific age” increase. Otherwise, a moderately negative correlation between GFsa and “scientific age” was demonstrated, whereby a higher GFsa © had a lower “Scientific age”. This assessment shows that the variables introduced were fairly used. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between both indexes (H-index and GFsa). Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that the new variable reported (“Scientific age”) and using the total citations brought a fairer and more feasible evaluation among the researchers. Thus, we are launching the new GFsa index © and the new information named “Scientific age” for the first time in the literature. The future perspective of the GFsa © application will be (1) the evaluation of the 9,093 researchers in Dentistry (total initially registered), including more authors/researchers in the Dentistry field, (2) expanding the exposition of this new index for other areas of the knowledge, and (3) provide free access of all data through the website (http://gfindex.us.to).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0555.v1

Student Confidence in Clinical Competence during Dental Education.

Malin Brundin, Mats Sjöström

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: dental education; self-perceived confidence; clinical competence; evaluation; patient-safe manner.

Online: 8 April 2024 (12:32:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0529.v1

Post-Conization HPV Vaccination and Its Impact on Viral Status: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Troms and Finnmark, 2022

Marie Rykkelid, Helga Marie Wennberg, Elin Richardsen, Sveinung Wergeland Sørbye

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Human papillomavirus (HPV); HPV vaccine; Conization; LEEP; Recurrence; Post-conization recurrence; HPV status; Cervical cancer prevention; Vaccination efficacy; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Online: 8 April 2024 (11:33:32 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0544.v1

Restoring Severely Atrophic Edentulous Ridge of Mandible Using Self-Expanding Tissue Expander – A Case Report

Chiyun Won

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Self Inflating Tissue Expander; Bone Graft; Vertical Bone Augmentation; Posterior Mandible

Online: 8 April 2024 (11:32:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0523.v1

VIGI-4: Development of a Novel Pharmacovigilance Method Using ChatGPT

Eleftherios Teperikidis, Georgios Papazisis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: pharmacovigilance; adverse drug reactions; ChatGPT; artificial intelligence; phase 4 studies; drug safety

Online: 8 April 2024 (11:16:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0527.v1

Gastrointestinal Myoelectrical Activity (GIMA) Biomarker for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis

Mark Noar, John Mathias, Ajit Kolatkar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: biomarker; electroviscerography; endometriosis; gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity; GIMA; electroviscerogram; water load satiety test; GIMA biomarker threshold score; predictive modeling ;

Online: 8 April 2024 (10:02:42 CEST)

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Background/Objectives: Endometriosis represents substantial direct and indirect healthcare costs impacted by absent accurate, non-invasive uniformly diagnostic tools. We endeavored to demonstrate gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity (GIMA) biomarkers unique to endometriosis allow noninvasive, uniformly accurate diagnosis or exclusion of endometriosis. Methods: Prospective open-label comparative study of 154 patients, age >18, with or without diagnosed endometriosis. Population included 62 non-endometriosis controls (Cohort 1), 43 subjects with surgically histologically-confirmed endometriosis (Cohort 2), and 49 subjects with abdominal pain and negative imaging (Cohort 3). Electroviscerography (EVG) recorded GIMA biomarkers from three abdominal electrodes before and 30-minutes post water-load protocol. Cohort 2 had postoperative EVG and Cohort 3 had preoperative EVG. Calculated specificity, sensitivity, NPV, PPV and predictive probability or C-Statistic used univariate, multivariate, linear and logistical regression analyses of the area under the curve (AUC) at all frequency and time points, including age and pain covariants. Results: Non-endometriosis cohort differed significantly from endometriosis cohorts (p<0.001) for median (IQR), and AUC percent frequency distribution of power at baseline, 10-minute, 20-minute, and 30-minute post water-load at all frequency ranges 15-20cpm, 30-40cpm and 40-50cpm. Endometriosis cohorts were statistically similar (p>0.05). GIMA biomarker threshold scoring demonstrated 95%/91% sensitivity and PPV, 96%/95% specificity and NPV and C-statistic of >99%/98% respectively for age subsets. GIMA biomarkers in Cohort 3 predicted 47/49 subjects positive and 2/49 negative for endometriosis, confirmed surgically. Hormonal therapy, surgical stage, nor pain score affected diagnostic accuracy. Conclusions: Non-invasive electroviscerography with GIMA biomarker detection distinguished participants with and without endometriosis based upon endometriosis specific GIMA biomarkers threshold scoring.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0516.v1

Analysis of allergy and hypersensitivity reactions to COVID-19 vaccines according to the EudraVigilance database

Jan Romantowski, Wojciech Nazar, Kinga Bojahr, Iwona Popiołek, Marek Niedoszytko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: vaccination; drug allergy; anaphylaxis; rash; side effect; adverse drug reaction; COVID-19

Online: 8 April 2024 (08:28:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0492.v1

Clinical Evaluation of VITEK MS PRIME with PICKME Pen for Bacteria and Yeasts, and RUO database for Filamentous Fungi

Hyeyoung Lee, Jehyun Koo, Junsang Oh, Sung-Il Cho, Hyunjoo Lee, Hyun Ji Lee, Gi-Ho Sung, Jayoung Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry; VITEK MS PRIME; PICKME; filamentous fungi; yeast; bacteria

Online: 8 April 2024 (08:19:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0503.v1

Formulation and Evaluation of Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets for Controlled Released Chlorzoxazone Delivery

Andreea Creteanu, Gabriela Lisa, Cornelia Vasile, Maria-Cristina Popescu, Daniela Pamfil, Claudiu N. Lungu, Gladiola Tantaru, Alina Diana Panaite

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: chlorzoxazone; collided; chitosan; matrix tablets; controlled release

Online: 8 April 2024 (07:15:31 CEST)

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The release of the active substance from the matrix modified-release tablets based on Kollidon®SR and chitosan depends on its solubility in the dissolution medium and on the composition of the matrix-forming polymers. The study is based on new oral matrix tablets based on Kollidon®SR and chitosan, formulated to optimize the low oral bioavailability of chlorzoxazone, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a class II Biopharmaceutical Classification System. Nine types of chlorzoxazone matrix tablets were obtained using the direct compression method, and their combination at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 chlorzoxazone/ excipients, 20%-40% (w/w) Kollidon®SR, 3-7% (w/w) chitosan and the auxiliary substances were formulated in constant concentrations. Pharmaco-technical characterization included the analysis of flowability and compressibility properties (flow time, friction coefficient, angle of repose, Hausner ratio, Carr Index), and of pharmaco-chemical characteristics (mass and dose uniformity, thickness, diameter, mechanical strength, Friability, degree of softening, in vitro release profile) of the tablets. Based on the initial evaluation of the pharmaco-technical analysis, pharmaco-chemical characteristics, and in vitro release profile, only three matrix tablet formulations (F1b, F2b, and F3b) were further tested. They were evaluated through Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray Diffraction, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and in vitro dissolution tests. The three formulations were comparatively studied regarding the release kinetics of active substances using in vitro release testing. The results were analyzed by fitting into four representative mathematical models for the modified release oral formulations. In vitro kinetic study reveals a complex mechanism of release occurring in the first (0 - 2 hours) and second (2.0 hours – 36 hours) steps of drug release. Two factors have been calculated to assess the release profile of chlorzoxazone: f1 - the similarity factor and f2 - the factor difference. The results have shown that both Kollidon®SR and chitosan may be used as matrix-forming agents when combined with chlorzoxazone. In vitro dissolution tests revealed the F2b sample, data suggesting a faster drug release. The three formulations showed optimum pharmaco-technical properties and in vitro kinetic study, and they had tremendous potential to be used in oral pharmaceutical products for the controlled delivery of chlorzoxazone.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0471.v1

Integrative Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review

Matthew Halma, Paul Marik, Yusuf M. Saleeby, Jack A. Tuszynski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: chronic pain; opioid use disorder; musculoskeletal disorders; injury

Online: 7 April 2024 (10:56:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0470.v1

From Detection to Action: A Retrospective Analysis on the Impact of Screening for Congenital Heart Disease in the NICU

Ioana Roșca, Daniela-Eugenia Popescu, Ana Maria Cristina Jura, Alina Turenschi, Cristina Filip, Alexandru Dinulescu, Andreea Teodora Constantin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: congenital heart disease; neonatology; prenatal diagnosis; parent support; neonatal intensive care unit; pulse oximetry; screening; echocardiography

Online: 7 April 2024 (10:34:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0468.v1

Neuromodulation and Habituation: A Literature Review and Conceptional Analysis of Sustaining Therapeutic Efficacy and Mitigating Habituation

Anand S. Patil, Brittni Levasseur, Mayank Gupta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: spinal cord stimulator; neuromodulation; explant; chronic pain; waveform; habituation

Online: 7 April 2024 (10:09:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0443.v1

The Effect of Sempervivum tectorum Extract on Some Biomarkers of Reproductive Function and Levels of Some Trace Elements in Male Rats Exposed to Aluminum

Florin Muselin, Eugenia Dumitrescu, Alexandru Octavian Doma, Diana-Maria Dégi, Janos Degi, Jelena Savici, Catalin Cicerone Grigorescu, Diana Brezovan, Ioana Gencia, Romeo Teodor Cristina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Reproductive Medicine Keywords: Sempervivum; houseleek; aluminum; reproductive function; biomarkers; trace elements

Online: 5 April 2024 (16:30:05 CEST)

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Aluminum, a contentious trace element found in the environment, has been demonstrated to have harmful effects on both humans and animals. In contrast, Sempervivum tectorum, an evergreen plant, has been found to offer numerous beneficial effects for both humans and animals. Therefore, this study aims to assess the protective effect of S. tectorum on certain reproductive biomarkers in male rats exposed to aluminum. Thirty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: NTC (no-treatment control) received distilled water; NC (negative control) received drinking water containing 1 mg/L aluminum sulfate (AS); E1 received 1 mg/L AS along with an 8% S. tectorum extract; PC (positive control) received only 8% S. tectorum extract; E2 received 1 mg/L AS for three months followed by 8% extract for one month. The study analyzed testosterone, LH, FSH, body weight, and the histological structure of the testis, epididymis, and prostate, as well as the levels of zinc, manganese, copper, and iron in these organs. Significant decreases in body weight, testis, and epididymis size were observed in the aluminum-exposed groups compared to the control, whereas these decreases were not significant in the S. tectorum-treated groups compared to the control. Aluminum exposure led to significant decreases in testosterone and LH levels, with FSH levels showing a non-significant decrease in males, which were mitigated significantly by the administration of the plant extract. Histological analysis revealed alterations in the testis, epididymis, and prostate of the AS-exposed groups, including necrosis of seminiferous tubule epithelium and Leydig cells in the testis, and basal epithelial necrosis in the epididymis and prostate. Aluminum levels increased in all organs studied, while levels of zinc, copper, iron, and manganese decreased, showing a negative and significant correlation with aluminum levels. The aqueous extract of S. tectorum demonstrated a protective effect on certain studied biomarkers in male rats affected by aluminum exposure.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0401.v1

Rare and Riveting: A Case Report on Artery of Percheron Occlusion

Simoni Shah, Heer Shah, Mudassir Ahmed, Vismit Gami, Dev Desai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Artery of Percheron Infract; Ischemic stroke; Thalamus; Midbrain

Online: 5 April 2024 (15:53:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0446.v1

Exploring the Relationship between Melioidosis Morbidity Rate and Local Environmental Indicators Using Remotely Sensed Data

Jaruwan Wongbutdee, Jutharat Jittimanee, Suwaporn Dandee, Pongthep Thongsang, Wacharapong Saengnill

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression; Google earth engine; Spatial model; Burkholderia pseudomallei

Online: 5 April 2024 (14:21:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0131.v2

Human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) cases at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

Hameer Vanmali, Corena De Beer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: respiratory infection; human rhinovirus; respiratory syncytial virus; genotypes; SUDI / SIDS; infant death; Sanger sequencing; phylogenetic analysis

Online: 5 April 2024 (08:24:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0380.v1

Obesogens in Adolescence. Challenging Aspects and Prevention Strategies.

Marina Nicolaou, Meropi Toumba, Alexandros Kythreotis, Habib Daher, Nicos Skordis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: endocrine disrupting chemicals; obesogens; obesity; children; adolescents; prevention strategies

Online: 5 April 2024 (06:51:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0273.v1

Carotid Plaques and Hypertension on the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality

Vilma Dzenkeviciute, Tadas Adomavicius, Gabriele Tarulyte, Egidija Rinkuniene, Vytautas Kasiulevicius, Jolita Badariene

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: all-cause mortality; cardiovascular disease; carotid plaque; hypertension

Online: 5 April 2024 (03:57:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0351.v1

Impact of Early Surfactant Administration on Ductus Arteriosus Assessed at 24 Hours in Preterm Neonates Less than 32 Weeks of Gestational Age

Manuela Cucerea, Mihaela Moscalu, Maria-Livia Ognean, Amalia Fagarasan, Daniela Toma, Raluca Marian, Madalina Anciuc-Crauciuc, Andreea Racean, Zsuzsanna Gall, Marta Simon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: surfactant; ductus arteriosus; echographic parameters; preterm infants

Online: 4 April 2024 (17:50:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0379.v1

Fatigue Syndrome (FS) Prevalence among Saudi Medical Students and Its Association with Depressive and Anxious Symptoms

Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees, Lamees A. AlGubllan, Ahmad H. Alwashmi, Deem T. Alamr, Aeshah M. Alharbi, Norah A. Alturaif

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Keywords: Fatigue, Depression, Anxiety, Disease Association, Prevalence, Cross-sectional studies, Young Adult, Disease Severity.

Online: 4 April 2024 (17:44:45 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0350.v1

Treatment and healing of Leishmaniasis in a Wolf in Semi-captivity Regime from an Educational Center of Zamora Province (Spain)

JAVIER MERINO-GOYENECHEA, JESUS PALACIOS-ALBERTI, TOMAS YANES-MARTÍNEZ, MARÍA MARTÍNEZ-VALLADARES, RAFAEL BALAÑA-FOUCE

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Canine leishmaniasis; Leishmania infantum; wild animals; wolves; semi-captivity

Online: 4 April 2024 (17:32:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0347.v1

High PGC-1α Expression as a Poor Prognostic Indicator in Intracranial Glioma

Yu-Wen Cheng, Jia-Hau Lee, Chih-Hui Chang, Tzu-Ting Tseng, Chee-Yin Chai, Ann-Shung Lieu, Aij-Lie Kwan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: glioma; PGC-1α; prognosis

Online: 4 April 2024 (17:26:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0324.v1

Enhancing Medication Adherence in Asthma and COPD: Crafting a Targeted Pharmaceutical Interview Framework

Eric Barat, Elisa Dubec, Johanna Raymond, Luc-Marie Joly, Rémi Varin, Romain Léguillon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: respiratory system; asthma; COPD; pharmaceutical interventions; feasibility study

Online: 4 April 2024 (15:59:33 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0313.v1

A Mathematical Model of Disease

Marc Schnitzler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Transplantation Keywords: alloreactivity; fetal microchimerism; relativity; set theory; non-communicable diseases; autoimmunity; diabetes; arteriosclerosis; cancer

Online: 4 April 2024 (15:55:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0388.v1

Prophylactic Pattern Scanning Laser Retinal Photocoagulation for Diabetic Retinopathy in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Fatty Rats: Preliminary Experimental Results

Rina Takagi, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Tetsuya Hasegawa, Masami Shinohara, Yasushi Kageyama, Tomohiko Sasase, Machiko Shimmura-Tomita, Akihiro Kakehashi, Toshikatsu Kaburaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: diabetes; pattern scanning laser; diabetic retinopathy; Spontaneously Diabetic Torii fatty rats; electroretinography

Online: 4 April 2024 (15:46:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1379.v5

Radiomics Machine Learning Analysis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma for Tumour Grade Prediction Based on Intra-tumoural Subregion Heterogeneity

Abeer J. Alhussaini, J. Douglas Steele, Adel Jawli, Ghulam Nabi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma; ; renal masses; biopsy; computed tomography; radiomics; machine learning; tumour subregions; tumour heterogeneity; precision medicine

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:58:37 CEST)

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Background: Renal cancers are among the top ten causes of cancer-specific mortality, of which the ccRCC subtype is responsible for most cases. The grading of ccRCC is important in determining tumour aggressiveness and clinical management. Objectives: The objectives of this research were to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC pre-operatively and characterise the heterogeneity of tumour sub-regions using radiomics and ML models, including comparison with pre-operative biopsy-determined grading in a sub-group. Methods: Data were obtained from multiple institutions across two countries, including 391 patients with pathologically proven ccRCC. For analysis, the data were separated into four cohorts. Cohorts 1 and 2 included data from the respective institutions from the two countries, cohort 3 was the combined data from both cohort 1 and 2, and cohort 4 was a subset of cohort 1, for which both the biopsy and subsequent histology from resection (partial or total nephrectomy) were available. 3D image segmentation was carried out to derive a voxel of interest (VOI) mask. Radiomics features were then extracted from the contrast-enhanced images, and the data were normalised. The Pearson correlation coefficient and the XGBoost model were used to reduce the dimensionality of the features. Thereafter, 11 ML algorithms were implemented for the purpose of predicting the ccRCC grade and characterising the heterogeneity of sub-regions in the tumours. Results: For cohort 1, the 50% tumour core and 25% tumour periphery exhibited the best performance, with an average AUC of 77.9% and 78.6%, respectively. The 50% tumour core presented the highest performance in cohorts 2 and 3, with average AUC values of 87.6% and 76.9%, respectively. With the 25% periphery, cohort 4 showed AUC values of 95.0% and 80.0% for grade prediction when using internal and external validation, respectively, while biopsy histology had an AUC of 31.0% for the classification with the final grade of resection histology as a reference standard. The CatBoost classifier was the best for each of the four cohorts with an average AUC of 80.0%, 86.5%, 77.0% and 90.3% for cohorts 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Conclusion: Radiomics signatures combined with ML have the potential to predict the WHO/ISUP grade of ccRCC with superior performance, when compared to pre-operative biopsy. Moreover, tumour sub-regions contain useful information that should be analysed independently when determining the tumour grade. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish the grade of ccRCC pre-operatively to improve patient care and management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0328.v1

Lonicera japonica Thunb. Ethanol Extract Exerts a Protective Effect on Normal Human Gastric Epithelial Cells by Modulating the Activity of Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-α-Induced Inflammatory Cyclooxygenase 2/Prostaglandin E2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9

Hsi-Lung Hsieh, Ming-Chin Yu, Yu-Chia Chang, Yi-Hsuan Wu, Kuo-Hsiung Huang, Ming-Ming Tsai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Lonicera japonica Thunb.; Matrix metallopeptidase-9; Tumor necrosis factor-α ; Cyclooxygenase-2

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:58:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0374.v1

Patients’ Satisfaction regarding Oral Healthcare Services in the North-East Region of Romania: A Questionnaire Survey

Silviu Catalin Tibeica, Dragoș Ioan Virvescu, Iulian Costin Lupu, Dana Gabriela Budala, Ionut Luchian, Andreea Tibeica, Zinovia Surlari, Elena Mihaela Carausu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: oral health; dental management; quality of life; patient satisfaction; quality management; dental services

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:14:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0371.v1

Impact Of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic On The Diagnosis Of Cervical Cancer And Precursor Lesions - A Single Center Retrospective Study

Lavinia Balan, Cristina Secosan, Virgiliu-Bogdan Sorop, Marilena Pirtea, ANCA MARIA CIMPEAN, Daniela Chiriac, Catalin Balan, Ema Borsi, Ariana Iorga, Laurentiu Pirtea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: covid-19; sars-cov-2; cancer diagnosis; conization; cervical cancer; colposcopy; dysplasia; biopsy

Online: 4 April 2024 (10:59:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0366.v1

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, or as Therapeutics Molecules in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Zahraa Alkhazaali, Sajad Sahab-Negah, Amir Reza Boroumand, Jalil Tavakol Afshari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Microglia cell; neurodegenerative disease; ; miRNA; protein accumulation

Online: 4 April 2024 (10:12:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0358.v1

Neurosurgical Intervention for Nerve and Muscle Biopsies

Ali Ahmed Mohamed, Thomas Caussat, Edwin Mouhawasse, Rifa Ali, Phillip Mitchell Johansen, Brandon Lucke-Wold

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Nerve biopsy; neurosurgical biopsy; neuropathy; neuropathology; technique

Online: 4 April 2024 (10:11:25 CEST)

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Medicine and Pharmacology