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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0423.v1

CRISPR-Based Screening of FDA-Approved Drugs for NRF2 Activation: A Novel Approach to Discover Therapeutics for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

James Li, Sandra Arest, Bartlomiej Olszowy, John Gordon, Carlos A Barrero, Oscar Perez-Leal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: NRF2; NAFLD; HMOX1; CRISPR, Oxidative Stress; Fatty Liver Disease

Online: 6 June 2023 (08:59:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0338.v1

Blood ACE2 protein level correlates with COVID-19 severity

Oksana Shevchuk, Anastasia Pak, Svitlana Palii, Yana Ivankiv, Kateryna Kozak, Mykhaylo Korda, Sandor G. Vari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: COVID-19; ACE2; severity; post-COVID-19 patients; comorbidity.

Online: 5 June 2023 (14:36:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1839.v2

Side Chain-modified Benzothiazinone Derivatives with Anti-Mycobacterial Activity

Fan Dongguang, Bin Wang, Giovanni Stelitano, Karin Savková, Olga Riabova, Rui Shi, Xiaomei Wu, Laurent R. Chiarelli, Katarína Mikušová, Vadim Makarov, Yu Lu, Yuzhi Hong, Chunhua Qiao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-tubercular agents; DprE1 inhibitor; Structure activity relationship; in vivo activity

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:42:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2086.v1

The Global Burden of Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Encompassing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and the Prevalence of Its Associated Cardiovascular Events, With a Focus on Pneumolysin and Macrolide Antibiotics in Pathogenesis and Therapy

Ronald Anderson, Charles Feldman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: community-acquired pneumonia; cardiovascular events; dendritic cells; macrolides; macrophages; mannose receptor C-type1; platelets; pneumolysin; pro-inflammatory cytokines; Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Online: 30 May 2023 (08:27:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2041.v1

Multimodal Effect of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase Blocker Ouabain on the Tumor Microenvironment and Malignant Cells

Octavia-Oana Harich, Oana-Isabella Gavriliuc, Valentin-Laurentiu Ordodi, Alexandru Tirziu, Virgil Paunescu, Carmen Panaitescu, Maria-Florina Bojin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Ouabain; Na+/K+ ATPase; SK-BR-3 tumor cells; TAFs; MSC; molecular target

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:33:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1989.v1

Safety of Iron Chelation Therapies in Kidney Disease

Timothy Nguyen, Zhe Amy Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Iron chelation; Iron overload; kidney disease; deferoxamine; deferasirox; deferiprone

Online: 29 May 2023 (07:26:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1972.v1

Emerging Pathogen Threats in Transfusion Medicine and the Role of Pathogen Reduction Technologies

Marcia Cardoso, Izabela Ragan, Lindsay Hartson, Raymond P Goodrich

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: transfusion; blood; pathogen reduction; emerging infectious diseases

Online: 29 May 2023 (05:05:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1947.v1

Dysfunction of Ca2+ Channels in Hereditary and Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases

Ирина Владимировна Шемарова

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: cardiac calcium channels; gene regulation; cardiac arrhythmias; calcium channelopathies, cardiovascular diseases

Online: 29 May 2023 (02:38:16 CEST)

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for about 17.3 million annual deaths worldwide. 85% of these deaths occurred as a result of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Chronic heart diseases, such as arterial hypertension (AH), coronary heart disease, various cerebrovascular diseases, dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies are widespread, with a fairly high incidence of mortality and disability. Most of these diseases are characterized by cardiac arrhythmias, conduction and contractility disorders. Additionally, interruption of the electrical activity of the heart, the appearance of extensive ectopic foci and heart failure are all symptoms of a number of severe hereditary diseases. The molecular mechanisms leading to the development of CVD are associated with impaired permeability and excitability of cell membranes and mainly caused by dysfunction of cardiac Ca2+ channels. Acquired channelopathies are caused by metabolic disorders, increased tone of the sympathetic nervous system, age-related changes that lead to deterioration of coronary blood flow and hemodynamics. Currently known channelopathies, such as the long or short QT syndromes, Brugada and Lenegre syndromes, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, etc., are congenital and genetic disorders caused by mutations of genes "responsible" for the conductive properties of certain channel-forming proteins, including pore-forming subunits of Ca2+ channels. Over the past 50 years, more than 100 varieties of ion channels have been found in the cardiovascular system cells. The relationship between the activity of these channels and cardiac pathology, as well as the general cellular biological function, has been intensively studied on several cell types and experimental animal models in vivo и in situ. In this review, we discuss the origin of Ca2+ channelopathies and the role of Ca2+ channels of various types: L- R-, T-types voltage-gated calcium channels, RyR2, non-selective hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, transient receptor potential (TRPC, TRPM7, TRPA1) channels in the development of cardio-vascular pathology.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0713.v2

Vanadium Complexes with Thioanilide Derivatives of Amino Acids: Inhibition of Human Phosphatases and Specificity in Various Cell Models of Metabolic Disturbances

Grzegorz Kazek, Monika Głuch-Lutwin, Barbara Mordyl, Monika Kubacka, Anna Jurowska, Dariusz Cież, Bartosz Trzewik, Janusz Szklarzewicz, Monika A. Papież

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: vanadium complexes; phosphatases; in vitro; cells models; metabolic disorders; diabetes; insulin resistance; gluconeogenesis; NAFLD

Online: 26 May 2023 (05:19:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1839.v1

Side Chain-modified Benzothiazinone Derivatives with Anti-Mycobacterial Activity

Fan Dongguang, Bin Wang, Giovanni Stelitano, Karin Savková, Olga Riabova, Rui Shi, Xiaomei Wu, Laurent R. Chiarelli, Katarína Mikušová, Vadim Makarov, Yu Lu, Yuzhi Hong, Chunhua Qiao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-tubercular agents, DprE1 inhibitor, Structure activity relationship, in vivo activity

Online: 26 May 2023 (04:12:31 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1794.v1

Adjuvant Oligonucleotide Vaccine Increases Survival of Transgenic Mice [B6.Cg-Tg (K18-ACE2)2]

Volodymyr Oberemok, Kateryna Laikova, Kseniya Yurchenko, Ilya Novikov, Tatyana Makalish, Anatolii Kubyshkin, Oksana Andreeva, Anastasiya Bilyk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: oligonucleotide vaccines; SARS-CoV-2; phosphorothioate oligonucleotides; innate immunity; adaptive immunity

Online: 25 May 2023 (10:13:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1710.v1

Potential of Personalized Dendritic Cell-Based Immunohybridoma Vaccines to Treat Prostate Cancer

Simon Hawlina, Robert Zorec, Helena H. Chowdhury

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: prostate cancer; immunotherapy; dendritic cell-based vaccines; castration-resistant prostate cancer; tumor microenvironment; biomarkers

Online: 24 May 2023 (10:47:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1174.v2

In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of the Anti-cancer Effects of Eurycomanone and Eurycomalactone from Eurycoma longifolia.

Nurhanan Murni Yunos, Habibah A Wahab, Mohammad G. Al-Thiabat, Nor Jannah Sallehudin, Muhamad Haffiz Jauri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Eurycoma longifolia; quassinoids; cancer cell lines; apoptosis; TNF-α; DHFR; molecular docking; ADMET.

Online: 22 May 2023 (11:02:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1507.v1

Clinical Advances and Perspectives in Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

Nicolas Lepareur, Barthélémy Ramée, Marie Mougin-Degraef, Mickaël Bourgeois

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Radionuclide therapy; nuclear medicine; radiopharmaceutical; antibody; peptide; small molecule inhibitor; tumor; microenvironment

Online: 22 May 2023 (10:51:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1255.v1

Overview of Caffeine Effects on Human Health and Emerging Delivery Strategies

Sofia M. Saraiva, Telma A. Jacinto, Ana C. Gonçalves, Dário Gaspar, Luís R. Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: caffeine; health benefits; athletics effects; dietary supplements; nanocarriers

Online: 17 May 2023 (14:19:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1174.v1

In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of the Anti-cancer Effects Eurycomanone and Eurycomalactone From Eurycoma longifolia.

Nurhanan Murni Yunos, Habibah A Wahab, Mohammad G. Al-Thiabat, Nor Jannah Sallehudin, Muhamad Haffiz Jauri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Eurycoma longifolia; quassinoids; cancer cell lines; apoptosis; TNF-α; DHFR; molecular docking; ADMET.

Online: 17 May 2023 (03:23:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1151.v1

Small Molecule Inhibitors as Therapeutic Agents Targeting Oncogenic Fusion Proteins: Current Status and Clinical

Yichao Kong, Caihong Jiang, Guifeng Wei, Kai Sun, Ruijie Wang, Yang Wang, Yiji Chen, Ting Qiu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: fusion proteins; inhibitor; therapeutic; cancer

Online: 16 May 2023 (10:32:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1144.v1

Collagen Hydrolysate Effects on Photodynamic Efficiency of Gallium(III) Phthalocyanine on Pigmented Melanoma Cells

Vanya Mantareva, Ivan Iliev, Inna Sulikovska, Mahmut Durmus, Tsanislava Genova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: bovine collagen hydrolysate; gallium phthalocyanine; pigmented melanoma; normal keratocytes and fibroblasts; mouse embryonal fibroblasts; photodynamic therapy

Online: 16 May 2023 (09:46:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1130.v1

Influence of Stress and Emotions in the Learning Process: The Example of COVID-19. A Narrative Review

Alfredo Córdova, Alberto Caballero-García, Franchek Drobnic, Enrique Roche, David C. Noriega

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: emotions; emotional intelligence; intellectual performance; learning; stress

Online: 16 May 2023 (08:57:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1123.v1

Analyzing the Antinociceptive Effect of Interleukin-31 in Mice

Iwao Arai, Minoru Tsuji, Saburo Saito, Hiroshi Takeda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: analgesia; alloknesis; antinociception; interleukin-31 (IL-31); interleukin receptor A (IL-31RA); IL-31 receptor A deficient (IL-31RAKI) mice; itch; pain.

Online: 16 May 2023 (08:19:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1084.v1

Lysosomal Cleavable Peptide Linkers in Antibody-Drug Conjugates

Seetharamsing Balamkundu, Chuan Fa Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: antibody-drug conjugate; lysosome; cathepsin; legumain; self-immolation; payload release; peptidomimetic; linker

Online: 16 May 2023 (04:51:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0945.v1

Rewiring Drug Research and Development through Human Data Driven Discovery (HD3)

David Brian Jackson, Rebecca Racz, Sarah Kim, Stephan Brock, Keith Burkhart

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Systems Pharmacology; Polypharmacology; Adverse Events; Drug Discovery; Functional genomics; Disease Modeling; Network analysis; Innovation

Online: 12 May 2023 (12:18:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0876.v1

The Role of Annexin A1 in DNA Damage Response in Placental Cells: Impact on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Jusciele B Moreli, Mayk Santos, Iracema Calderon, Cristina Hebeda, Sandra Farsky, Estela Bevilacqua, Sonia Oliani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Apoptosis; Oxidative Stress; Base Excision Repair; Annexin A1 Knockout Mice; High-Risk Pregnancy

Online: 12 May 2023 (04:01:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0752.v1

Protective Mechanism Pathway of Swietenia macrophylla Extract Nanoparticles Against Cardiac Cell Damage in Diabetic Rats

Rochmah Kurnijasanti, Sri Agus Sudjarwo, Mohd. Rais Mustafa, Giftania Wardani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Swietenia macrophylla; Nanoparticles; Antioxidant; Cardioprotector; Diabetes

Online: 10 May 2023 (12:02:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0751.v1

A Comprehensive Review on Skin Pigmentation-Types, Causes, and Treatment

Ameen Mahmood Thawabteh, Alaa Jibreen, Donia Karaman, Alà Thawabteh, Rafik Karaman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Skin pigmentation; melanin; Tyrosinase inhibitors; hypopigmentation; hyperpigmentation; Vitiligo; skin-lightening; Depigmentation

Online: 10 May 2023 (11:32:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0652.v1

Prediction of Oscillations in Glycolysis in Ethanol Consuming Erythrocyte-Bioreactors

Evgeniy Protasov, Michael Martinov, Elena Sinauridze, Victor Vitvitsky, Fazoil Ataullakhanov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase; alcohol dehydrogenase; erythrocyte-bioreactor; ethanol; glycolysis; mathematical model; NAD; oscillations

Online: 9 May 2023 (12:31:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0650.v1

Evaluation of the In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis of a Novel 3D-Printed Degradable Drug Delivery System Based on Polycaprolactone/ Chitosan/ Vancomycin. Preclinical Study

Iván López-González, Ana Belén Hernández-Heredia, María Isabel Rodríguez-López, David Auñón-Calles, Mohamed Boudifa, José Antonio Gabaldón, Luis Meseguer-Olmo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: 3D printing; hybrid scaffold; poly(caprolactone); chitosan; vancomycin; mesenchymal stem cells; tissue engineering; drug-delivery systems (DDSs); M osteomyelitis

Online: 9 May 2023 (12:05:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0601.v1

Nanotechnology Applications in Sepsis: Essential Knowledge for Clinicians

Inês Vasconcelos, Tiago Santos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: sepsis; diagnostic; treatment; drug delivery; nanomedicine; nanotechnology

Online: 9 May 2023 (08:27:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0576.v1

Unraveling Peritoneal Carcinomatosis on Cross-Sectional Imaging Modalities

Ana Veron Sanchez, Ilias Bennouna, Nicolas Coquelet, Jorge Cabo Bolado, Inmaculada Pinilla Fernandez, Luis Alberto Mullor Delgado, Martina Pezzullo, Gabriel Liberale, Maria Gomez Galdon, Maria Antonietta Bali

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: peritoneum 1; carcinomatosis 2; deposits 3

Online: 9 May 2023 (05:49:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0491.v1

Deficiencies of Rule-based Technology-generated Antibiograms and Cautionary Application in Patients with Prolonged Lengths of Stay

David M. Hill

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Antibiogram; Burns; Critical Care; Trauma; Antimicrobial Stewardship; Rule-based Technology; Artificial Intelligence; antimicrobial resistance

Online: 8 May 2023 (09:32:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0309.v1

NCX 470, a Dual Acting Nitric Oxide (NO)-Donating Bimatoprost Derivative, Preserves Rabbit Eyes from Biochemical and Functional Changes Associated with ET-1-Induced Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Silvia Sgambellone, Silvia Marri, Serafina Villano, Emanuela Masini, Gustavo Provensi, Elena Bastia, Corinna Galli, Stefania Brambilla, Francesco Impagnatiello, Laura Lucarini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: nitric oxide; bimatoprost; ischemia/reperfusion; oxidative stress; inflammation; apoptosis

Online: 5 May 2023 (06:00:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0307.v1

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency. Microorganisms and Management

Darren Gopaul, Sachin Soodden, Angel A Justiz-Vaillant, Rodolfo Arozarena Fundora

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Microorganisms; Severe combined immunodeficiency; Infectious diseases; Management; Antibi-otics; Antifungals; HST

Online: 5 May 2023 (05:41:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0278.v1

Application Of Point-Of-Care Intestinal Ultrasound In The Diagnosis Of IBD: "Ready To Use"

Giulio Calabrese, Anna Testa, Antonio Rispo, Olga Maria Nardone, Alessia Dalila Guarino, Giuseppe Fierro, Fabiana Castiglione

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Intestinal ultrasound; Point-of-care ultrasound; Crohn's disease; Ulcerative colitis

Online: 5 May 2023 (03:00:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0012.v1

Non-muscle Myosin Type-II Localization in the Mouse Intestinal Villi is Altered by B-Type Natriuretic Peptide

Anteneh Addisu, Yunus E. Dogan, Darrice Montgomery, Leeyu Addisu, Abdel A Alli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Non-Muscle Myosin; BNP; GI epithelia; Apical junctional complex; Absorption

Online: 1 May 2023 (04:09:57 CEST)

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Our prior studies have shown that B type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) decreases absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Since non-muscle myosin-type II (NMM-II) is known to have a role in epithelial tight junction regulation, we aimed to test whether BNP has an effect on the localization and expression of NMM-II in the intestinal villi. We treated wild type mice with a 10 ng/g intravenous bolus of BNP followed by infusion of BNP at 1ng/g/minute vs. vehicle control. The mice were then euthanized and intestinal tissue isolated and sectioned. The tissue was immune-stained for NMM-II and examined using fluorescence microscopy. The tissue section not treated with antibody to NMM-II was used as a methodological control to evaluate the non-specific binding. Scanning electron micrographic images were taken to compare structural differences between the two groups. Western blotting was performed to compare the regional protein expression of NMM-II and associated proteins including smooth muscle actin, kinesin, and E cadherin in small intestinal tissue between BNP vs. vehicle infused mice. Fluorescence microscopy revealed markedly increased localization of NMM-II at the crypts and core of intestinal villi of the jejunum, ileum and colon of BNP treated mice compared to vehicle. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the microvilli of BNP treated mice assumed the distinctive appearance of ‘relaxed’ microvilli compared to vehicle. Such decrease in contractility was previously shown to decrease para-cellular permeability of epithelia. Our observation indicates that BNP alters the localization of NMM-II in intestinal villi and makes the intestinal villi structures assume a state of decreased permeability of the apical junctional complex. Further characterization of this process and understanding the specific mediators involved could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for various disease states such as heart failure and malabsorption.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1209.v1

Addressing Language Competence in Pharmacy Education: Spanish and Arabic Languages as an Example

Noa Valcarcel Ares, Sara Hamdi Abdulrhim, Karli Anders, Raja Mahamade Ali, Banan Abdulrzaq Mukhalalati, Fatima Mraiche

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: communication skills; language competence; pharmacy education; Arabic; Spanish

Online: 29 April 2023 (04:40:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1053.v1

Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel 3,6-Diunsaturated 2,5-Diketopiperazines

Xiaolin Li, Tianrong Xun, Huayan Xu, Xiaoyan Pang, Bin Yang, Junfeng Wang, Xuefeng Zhou, Xiuping Lin, Suiyi Tan, Yonghong Liu, Shengrong Liao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: 2,5-diketopiperazine derivative; intermolecular bond; liposolubility; electron property; anticancer

Online: 27 April 2023 (07:11:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0719.v1

Review of Personalized Medicine and Pharmacogenomics of Anti-Cancer Compounds and Natural Products

Yalan Zhou, Siqi Peng, Huizhen Wang, Xinyin Cai, Qingzhong Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Personalized therapy; Pharmacogenomics; Personalized medicine; Antitumor; Natural products

Online: 21 April 2023 (10:33:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0713.v1

Vanadium Complexes with Thioanilidine Derivatives of Aminoacids: Inhibition of Human Phosphatases and Cell-Type Specificity in Various Models of Metabolic Disturbances

Grzegorz Kazek, Monika Głuch-Lutwin, Barbara Mordyl, Monika Kubacka, Anna Jurowska, Dariusz Cież, Bartosz Trzewik, Janusz Szklarzewicz, Monika A. Papież

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: vanadium complexes; phosphatases; in vitro; cells models; metabolic disorders; diabetes; insulin resistance; gluconeogenesis; NAFLD

Online: 21 April 2023 (10:07:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0628.v1

Review on Additives in Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting of Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanism to Methodology

Qiang Fu, Kai le Zhang, Zhuo Wen Fang, Ming Yang, Meng Liu, Wang Yang Jin, Hui Yu Wang, Xing Ran Yang, Ying Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: 3D bioprinting; hydrogel; bioink; tissue engineering; bionic scaffold

Online: 20 April 2023 (08:00:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0619.v1

Wound Healing Potential of Plant Secondary Metabolites: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Experiments

Omar Casadiego, Oscar Macias, Laura García, Elkin Sanabria, Guillermina Baay, Julio Cesar Mantilla, Patricia Escobar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: wound healing; natural compound; excisional mouse model; molecular docking; dynamic molecular; caryophyllene; cytokines; digital histology

Online: 20 April 2023 (07:42:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0569.v1

Development and Evaluation of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Improving Oral Absorption of Poorly Water-soluble Olaparib

Yong-Han Kim, Seong-Bo Kim, Se-Hui Choi, Thi-Thao-Linh Nguyen, Sung-Hoon Ahn, Kyung-Sun Moon, Kwan Hyung Cho, Taeyong Sim, Eun-Ji Heo, Sungtae Kim, Han-Gon Choi, Dong-Jin Jang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Olaparib; self-microemulsifying drug delivery system; microemulsion; solubility; dissolution; oral absorption

Online: 19 April 2023 (08:16:05 CEST)

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The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to improve the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble Olaparib. Through the solubility test of Olaparib in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants, pharmaceutical excipients for use in SMEDDS manufacturing were selected. Self-emulsifying regions were identified by mixing the selected materials at various ratios, and a pseudoternary phase diagram was constructed by synthesizing these results. Various physicochemical properties of microemulsion incorporating Olaparib were confirmed by investigating the particle morphology, particle size, zeta potential, drug content and stability. In addition, the improved dissolution and oral absorption of Olaparib were also confirmed through a dissolution test and a pharmacokinetic study. An optimal microemulsion was generated in the formulation of Capmul MCM EP/NF 10%, Labrasol 80% and PEG 400 10%. Fabricated nano-sized microemulsions were well-dispersed in aqueous solutions, and it was also confirmed that it was maintained well without any problems of either physical or chemical stability. The 5 min initial dissolution of Olaparib in fabricated formulations was improved by 10.6 times (pH1.2), 14.8 times (pH6.8) and 14.8 times (distilled water) compared to the values of Olaparib powder. The dissolution at 120min was 45.4±4.0%(pH1.2), 53.5±1.1% (pH6.8) and 58.1±1.00% (distilled water) in Olaparib powder but has been significantly improved by 1.7 times (74.8±1.9%), 1.6 times (84.2±0.3%) and 1.5 times (81.2±0.7%) in SMEDDS. Associated with the high dissolutions of Olaparib in fabricated microemulsions, the pharmacokinetic parameters were also greatly improved. The Cmax and AUCinf of Olaparib in the prepared microemulsion were increased 4.2- and 3.2-fold, respectively, compared to powder. Taken together with the results mentioned above, the microemulsion system could be an effective tool as an oral delivery formulation for Olaparib. Additionally, our results demonstrate that the SMEDDS systems comprising Capmul MCM, Labrasol and PEG 400 could be a useful option for improvement of several other poorly water-soluble drugs with physico-chemical properties similar to Olaparib.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0565.v1

Chrysomycin a Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis of Neuroglioma Cells via Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro

Dongni Liu, Man Liu, Yufu Shang, Wenfang Zhang, Shanshan Zhang, Fuhang Song, Huawei Zhang, Guanhua Du, Yuehua Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Chrysomycin A; Xenograft mouse model; Glioblastoma; Apoptosis

Online: 19 April 2023 (08:00:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0563.v1

Genome-Wide Mining of Selaginella moellendorffii for Hevein-Like Lectins and Their Potential Molecular Mimicry with SARS-CoV2 Spike Glycoprotein

Ahmed Alsolami, Amina I Dirar, Emadeldin H. E Konozy, Makarim El-fadil M Osman, Mohanad A Ibrahim, Khalid Farhan Alshammari, Fawwaz Alshammari, Meshari Alazmi, Kamaleldin B Said

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Hevein-lectins; Selaginella moellendorffii; SARS-CoV-2, Spike protein; Docking; Variants

Online: 19 April 2023 (07:44:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0515.v1

Identification of Hepatic Metabolites of [¹⁸F]Flumazenil and Evaluation of its Application in Neuroimaging

Wei-Hsi Chen, Chuang-Hsin Chiu, Shiou-Shiow Farn, Kai-Hung Cheng, Yuan-Ruei Huang, SHIH-YING LEE, Yao-Ching Fang, Yu-Hua Lin, Kang-Wei Chang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Flumazenil; LC-QqQ MS; Metabolism; r-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonist; benzodiazepine receptors

Online: 18 April 2023 (10:29:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0336.v1

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapies Approved by Regulatory Agencies Around the World

Luis E. Fernández-Garza, Silvia A. Barrera-Barrera, Hugo A. Barrera-Saldaña

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells; Approved therapies; Cell therapy medical products; Regulatory agencies.

Online: 14 April 2023 (03:16:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0317.v1

Rapid In Vitro Assessment of Antimicrobial Drug Effect Bridging Clinically Relevant Pharmacokinetics: A Comprehensive Methodology

Michael Nikolaou, Vincent H. Tam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacodynamics; Antimicrobials; Antimicrobial resistance; Combination therapy; Mathematical modeling

Online: 13 April 2023 (09:36:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0344.v2

Strategies for the Management of Spike Protein-Related Pathology

Matthew T.J. Halma, Cristof Plothe, Paul Marik, Theresa A. Lawrie

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Long Covid; Covid-19 vaccine; thrombosis; clots; inflammation; therapeutics

Online: 12 April 2023 (10:04:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0262.v1

Combinations of Photodynamic Therapy against Cancer and Microbial Infections

Sandile Phinda Songca

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: photodynamic therapy; sonodynamic therapy; photothermal hyperthermia; magnetic hyperthermia; anticancer; antimicrobial; combinations; nanomaterials chemotherapy; CAP; immunotherapy; radiotherapy

Online: 12 April 2023 (08:31:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0063.v1

Evaluation of Cx43 gap junction inhibitors using Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship model

Ramona Matusevičiūtė, Eglė Ignatavičiūtė, Rokas Mickus, Vytenis Arvydas Skeberdis, Vytautas Raškevičius

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Cx43; gap junctions; conductance; inhibitors; docking; IC50

Online: 5 April 2023 (12:30:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0549.v1

Beraprost and Overall Survival in Cats With Chronic Kidney Disease

Hiroyuki Ito, Takumi Matsuura, Tadashi Sano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: beraprost; feline; chronic kidney disease; progression-free survival; overall survival

Online: 31 March 2023 (11:17:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0443.v1

A Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Dog Rabies in Northeast Tunisia

Sana Kalthoum, Raja Gharbi, Mehdi Ben Ali, Imed Ben Sliman, Nouha Haboubi, Khaoula Barrak, Khalil Fakhfekh, Rafika Ben Romdhane, Habiba El Hechri, Salma Boughanemi, Chedia Seghaier, Chokri Bahloul

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Rabies; dogs; Tunisia; risk factors; odds ratio; case-control study

Online: 27 March 2023 (04:06:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0439.v1

Associations between Drugs of Abuse and Toxoplasma gondii Infection

Amani Sastry, Victor M. Jimenez Jr

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Drugs of abuse; Toxoplasma gondii; Substance Use Disorder

Online: 27 March 2023 (03:43:57 CEST)

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Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is one of the most common parasites that infect humans. The parasite exists in approximately 40 million people in the United States. Latent infections are frequently associated with tissue cysts of T. gondii in the skeletal muscle and brain tissue that can lead to mental disorders, congenital disorders, and vision dysfunction. Furthermore, self-directed violence, impulsivity, and aggression are associated with T. gondii infection. Dopamine is associated with human behavior including pleasure, aggression, memory, and substance use disorder; however, the result of the studies on the association of T. gondii infection and drugs of abuse are not well understood. The frequency of substance use may be associated with substance-induced modification of dopamine-receptor densities and basal dopaminergic activity. Likewise, T. gondii can directly or indirectly influence dopaminergic activity in infected cells. Based on this hypothesis, the current paper aimed to systematically review all published literature on the association between drugs of abuse and T. gondii infection. Systematic review of controlled studies on T. gondii infection and substance use effects in adults were searched on the electronic databases. Studies have shown that individuals infected with T. gondii display increased risky behavior, such as excessive alcohol consumption. Furthermore, it was observed that T. gondii seropositive subjects had a reduced likelihood of self-reported substance use compared to T. gondii seronegative subjects. This study confirms that SUD is a potential risk factor for behavioral and psychiatric complications associated with T. gondii infection. Ultimately T. gondii infection in the context of drug dependence and the development of SUD remain to be elucidated. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research characterizing the mechanisms associated with dopamine metabolism of drug dependence and withdrawal in the context of a T. gondii infection, evaluating the role of inflammation, and identifying potential drug-and-sex specific underpinnings of these associations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0435.v1

Disease-Specific α-Synuclein Seeding and Structural Properties in Lewy Body Disease and Multiple System Atrophy are Preserved in Formaldehyde-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Human Brain

Ain Kim, Ivan Martinez-Valbuena, Jun Li, Anthony E. Lang, Gabor Geza Kovacs

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; protein extraction; FFPE; SAA; seeding behavior

Online: 27 March 2023 (03:23:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0410.v1

Modelling and Stability Analysis of the Dynamics of Measles with Application to Ethiopian Data

Hailay Weldegiorgis Berhe, Habtu Alemayehu Atsbha, Yohannes Yirga Kefela, Abadi Abraha Asgedom, Abadi GMeskel, Woldegebriel Assefa Woldegerima, Shaibu Osman, Lamin Kabareh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: measles; basic reproduction number; global stability; vaccination; forward bifurcation; model calibration

Online: 23 March 2023 (06:11:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0290.v1

Neuroprotective Effect of Curcumin on Factors Involved in Neurogenesis and Angiogenesis in Aged Brain

Masoumeh Habibian, Seyyed Jafar Moosavi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: aging; Apoptosis; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; transforming growth factor β1; vascular endothelial growth factor

Online: 17 February 2023 (02:25:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0156.v1

The Genetic Basis of Future Pharmacological Strategies for the Management of Comorbid Obesity and Depression: A Scoping Review

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: depression; obesity; genetics; leptin; fat mass- and obesity-associated gene; melanocortin receptor; neuropeptide Y

Online: 9 February 2023 (06:54:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0576.v1

Dosing Schedule Modification of COVID-19 Vaccine in Immunosuppressed and Cancer Patient: A Review of Current Suggestions

Mohd Turzo Rahman, Homayra Rahman, Ashrak Shad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: COVID-19; vaccine; immunosuppressed; cancer; vaccine efficacy

Online: 31 January 2023 (06:26:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0374.v1

Very Low and High Levels of Vitamin D are Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length in 148,321 UK Biobank Participants

Chia-Ling Kuo, Ben Kirk, Meiruo Xiang, Luke C. Pilling, George A. Kuchel, Richard Kremer, Gustavo Duque

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Telomerase; leukocyte telomere length; vitamin D; aging; serum levels; geroscience

Online: 22 January 2023 (03:36:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0333.v1

Do Anti-Biofilm Antibiotics Have A Place in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis?

Eric M Senneville, Benoit Gachet, Nicolas Blondiaux, Olivier Robineau

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: diabetic foot osteomyelitis; biofilm; antimicrobial resistance; adverse effects; rifampicin; fluoro-quinolones

Online: 18 January 2023 (10:00:52 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0235.v1

Database of COVID-19 Cases Treated with Classical Homeopathy

Seema Mahesh, Petr Hoffmann, Cristiane Kajimura, IACH COVID Collaborators, George Vithoulkas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Homeopathy; Database

Online: 13 January 2023 (04:33:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0198.v1

Urate-Lowering Therapy Use Among US Adults with Gout and the Relationship Between Gout Treatment Status and Associated Comorbidities

Marcos Ortiz-Uriarte, Jeanlouis Betancourt-Gaztambide, Alexandra Perez Rivera, Youssef Malak Roman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: gout; urate-lowering therapy; serum uric acid; pharmacoepidemiologic study; comorbidities

Online: 11 January 2023 (10:37:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0291.v1

Interplay of Hydropathy and Heterogeneous Diffusion in the Molecular Transport Within Lamellar Lipid Mesophases

Antonio M. Bosch, Salvatore Assenza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Brownian dynamics; effective diffusion; potential of mean force; partition coefficient; release setups

Online: 16 December 2022 (02:55:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0079.v1

Oligonucleotide Therapeutics for Age-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Successes and Challenges

Thomas A. Nicholson, Michael Sagmeister, Susanne N. Wijesinghe, Hussein Farah, Rowan S. Hardy, Simon W. Jones

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Skeletal muscle; sarcopenia; osteoarthritis; osteoporosis; rheumatoid arthritis; oligonucleotides; cartilage; bone; synovium

Online: 5 December 2022 (15:23:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0255.v1

How Much of Aging Is Simply a Trash Collection Problem?

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-aging therapy; lipofuscin; SENS; oncolytic vector; telomerase; TFEB; intracellular microbe

Online: 14 November 2022 (11:05:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0321.v2

The Composition of Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells Isolated from Lipoaspirate using a Novel Point of Care System does not Depend on the Subject's Individual Age, Gender, Body Mass Index and Ethnicity

Christoph Schmitz, Christopher Alt, Alon R. Azares, David A. Peace, Tiffany R. Facile, John P. Furia, Nicola Maffulli, Claire Huang, Eckhard U. Alt

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: adipose-derived regenerative cells; flow cytometry; microfragmented fat; NucleoCounter; regenerative medicine; stem cells; UA-ADRCs

Online: 7 November 2022 (12:12:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0229.v5

Lipofuscin as the Main Driving Force of Current Age-Related Disease: Justification and Strategies for Removal

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-aging therapy; lipofuscin; SENS; TFEB; intracellular microbe; and synthetic chemotaxis

Online: 2 November 2022 (03:41:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0229.v4

Lipofuscin as the Main Driving Force of Current Age-Related Disease: Justification and Strategies for Removal

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-aging therapy; lipofuscin; SENS; TFEB; intracellular microbe; and synthetic chemotaxis

Online: 28 October 2022 (05:21:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0264.v1

Secretory Leucoprotease Inhibitor (SLPI) Promotes Survival during Acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection by Suppression of Inflammation Rather than Microbial Killing

Megan Osbourn, Aoife M. Rogers, Alice V. Dubois, Donna M. Small, Fiachra Humphries, Nezira Delagic, Paul N. Moynagh, Sinead Weldon, Clifford C. Taggart, Rebecca J. Ingram

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Secretory leucoprotease inhibitor; SLPI; inflammation; infection; Pseudomonas

Online: 19 October 2022 (03:59:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0440.v1

Fisetin Modulates Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Innate Antiviral Response in Chikungunya Virus-Infected Hepatocellular Carcinoma Huh7 Cells

Rafidah Lani, Boon-Teong Teoh, Sing-Sin Sam, Sazaly Abubakar, Pouya Hassandarvish

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: infectious diseases; chikungunya; antiviral; flavonoids; fisetin; toll-like receptors

Online: 28 September 2022 (12:15:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0229.v3

Lipofuscin as the Main Driving Force of Current Age-Related Disease: Justification and Strategies for Removal

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-aging therapy; lipofuscin; SENS; TFEB; intracellular microbe; and synthetic chemotaxis

Online: 27 September 2022 (04:20:31 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0401.v1

The Hypothetical Utilisation of Entomopoxvirus to Achieve Rejuvenation through Cyclic Expression of Yamanaka Factors

Peter Clark, James Wordsworth, daniel green, Edward Fielder

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: yamanaka factors; oskm; microbubbles; Entomopoxvirus

Online: 26 September 2022 (15:01:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0321.v1

The Composition of Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells Isolated from Lipoaspirate using a Novel Point of Care System does not Depend on the Subject's Individual Age, Gender, Body Mass Index and Ethnicity

Christoph Schmitz, Christopher Alt, Alon R. Azares, David A. Peace, Tiffany R. Facile, John P. Furia, Nicola Maffulli, Claire Huang, Eckhard U. Alt

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: adipose-derived regenerative cells; flow cytometry; microfragmented fat; NucleoCounter; regenerative medicine; stem cells; UA-ADRCs

Online: 21 September 2022 (10:08:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0229.v2

Lipofuscin as the Main Driving Force of Current Age-Related Disease: Justification and Strategies for Removal

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-aging therapy; lipofuscin; SENS; TFEB; intracellular microbe; and synthetic chemotaxis

Online: 21 September 2022 (03:36:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0179.v1

Prevalence of Drug-Drug Interactions and Duplicate Therapy in Chronic Patients in Switzerland: A Real-World Data Study

Redona Hafizi, Anja Bauert

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: polypharmacy; duplicate therapy; digital health; inappropriate prescribing; contraindicated drugs; drug-drug interactions; pharmacoepidemiology

Online: 13 September 2022 (12:25:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0229.v1

Lipofuscin as the Main Driving Force of Current Age-Related Disease: Justification and Strategies for Removal

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Anti-aging therapy; lipofuscin; SENS; TFEB; intracellular microbe; and synthetic chemotaxis

Online: 12 August 2022 (08:05:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0391.v1

High Levels of Outpatient Antibiotic Prescription at a District Hospital in Ghana (2021): Results of a Cross Sectional Study

Obed Kwabena Offe Amponsah, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng, Divya Nair, Karlos Muradyan, Phanuel Seli Asense, Osei Kwaku Wusu-Ansah, Robert Fraser Terry, Mohammed Khogali, Kwame Ohene Buabeng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Antibiotic prescription; Outpatients; AWaRe classification; Ghana; SORT IT; Antimicrobial stewardship; Electronic Medical Records; Operational research; Antimicrobial resistance

Online: 26 July 2022 (07:47:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0111.v1

Detection of Antibodies in Patients with Sarcoidosis

Anna Starshinova, Anna Malkova, Ulia Zinchenko, Sergey Lapin, Alexandra Mazing, Dmitry Kudlay, Piotr Yablonskiy, Yehuda Shoenfeld

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: sarcoidosis; granulomatous diseases; vimentin; mutated vimentin; autoantibodies; autoimmunity

Online: 7 July 2022 (04:44:21 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0069.v1

Injection of Platelet Rich Plasma in the Olfactory Cleft for COVID-19 Patients with Persistent Olfactory Dysfunction: Description of the Technique

Jerome R. Lechien, Sven Saussez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: olfactory; smell; olfaction; anosmia; odor; rhinology; head neck surgery; otolaryngology; platelet rich plasma; recovery

Online: 5 July 2022 (08:33:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0036.v1

Discordance in Addressing Opioid Crisis in Rural Communities: Patient and Provider Perspectives

Bonyan A. Qudah, Martha A. Maurer, David A. Mott, Michelle A. Chui

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: opioid use disorder; chronic pain; medications for opioid use disorder; stigma; rural health

Online: 4 July 2022 (07:54:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0333.v1

Strategies for Generating Human Pluripotent Stem Cell- Derived-Organoid Culture for Disease Modelling, Drug Screening, and Regenerative Therapy

Zakiya Gania, Syarifah Tiara Noorintan, Ni Putu Diah Pradnya Septiari, Dhea Sandra Fitriany, Fuad Gandhi Torizal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: hPSCs derived-organoids; Culture strategy; Disease modeling; Drug screening; Regenerative therapy

Online: 24 June 2022 (08:11:15 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0249.v1

Adult Presentation of X-Linked Hypophosphatemia

Nobuaki Ito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: X-linked hypophosphatemia; fibroblast growth factor 23; osteomalacia; enthesopathy; secondary hyperparathyroidism; tertiary hyperparathyroidism; chronic kidney disease; oral disease; quality of life; burosumab

Online: 19 May 2022 (04:03:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0212.v1

Giving Drugs A Second Chance: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of Ciclopirox and Ribavirin Against Cystic Fibrosis Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Strains

Giovanni Di Bonaventura, Veronica Lupetti, Simone De Fabritiis, Alessandra Piccirilli, Annamaria Porreca, Marta Di Nicola, Arianna Pompilio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: drug repurposing; cystic fibrosis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; biofilm

Online: 22 April 2022 (10:55:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0154.v1

Survival Benefit of Tocilizumab in COVID may be Greater in Patients with Higher Measured Interleukin 6 Levels

James Hall, Maha Salama

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: coronavirus; COVID; tocilizumab; interleukin 6; cytokine

Online: 18 April 2022 (04:12:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0237.v1

Quality by Design: A Suitable Methodology in Industrial Pharmacy for Costa Rican Universities

Luis Castillo-Henríquez, Brayan Murillo-Castillo, Nils Ramírez-Arguedas, Juan José Mora-Román, Lexi Chaves-Siles, Edgar Hernández-Mora, José Vega-Baudrit

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: academy; drug development; industrial pharmacy; pharmaceutical technology; research method-ology

Online: 17 March 2022 (01:56:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0380.v2

Considerations and Challenges for Sex-Aware Drug Repurposing

Jennifer Fisher, Emma Jones, Victoria Flanary, Avery Williams, Elizabeth Ramsey, Brittany Lasseigne

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: sex differences; drug repurposing; sex-bias; sex-aware; review; therapeutics; pharmaceuticals; computational drug repurposing

Online: 8 March 2022 (10:34:42 CET)

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Sex differences are essential factors in disease etiology and manifestation in many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration (1). The biological influence of sex differences (including genomic, epigenetic, hormonal, immunological, and metabolic differences between males and females) and the lack of biomedical studies considering sex differences in their study design has led to several policies. For example, the National Institute of Health’s (NIH) sex as a biological variable (SABV) and Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER)) policies to motivate researchers to consider sex differences (2). However, drug repurposing, a promising alternative to traditional drug discovery by identifying novel uses for FDA-approved drugs, lacks sex-aware methods that can improve the identification of drugs that have sex-specific responses (1,3–5). Sex-aware drug repurposing methods either select drug candidates that are more efficacious in one sex or deprioritize drug candidates based on if they are predicted to cause a sex-bias adverse event (SBAE), unintended therapeutic effects that are more likely to occur in one sex. Computational drug repurposing methods are encouraging approaches to develop for sex-aware drug repurposing because they can prioritize sex-specific drug candidates or SBAEs at lower cost and time than traditional drug discovery. Sex-aware methods currently exist for clinical, genomic, and transcriptomic information (3,6,7). They have not expanded to other data types, such as DNA variation, which has been beneficial in other drug repurposing methods that do not consider sex (8). Additionally, some sex-aware methods suffer from poorer performance because a disproportionate number of male and female samples are available to train computational methods (3). However, there is development potential for several different categories (i.e., data mining, ligand binding predictions, molecular associations, and networks). Low-dimensional representations of molecular association and network approaches are also especially promising candidates for future sex-aware drug repurposing methodologies because they reduce the multiple hypothesis testing burden and capture sex-specific variation better than the other methods (9,10). Here we review how sex influences drug response, the current state of drug repurposing including with respect to sex-bias drug response, and how model organism study design choices influence drug repurposing validation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0029.v1

Seven COVID-19 Patients Treated with C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Apheresis

Fabrizio Esposito, Harald Matthes, Friedemann Schad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: blood component removal; C-reactive protein; CRP apheresis; COVID-19; multiple organ fail-ure; pulmonary fibrosis; SARS virus

Online: 2 March 2022 (02:34:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0309.v1

Concentrations of Ciprofloxacin in the World’s Rivers Are Associated With the Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in E. coli: A Global Ecological Analysis

Chris Kenyon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Rivers; one-health; E. coli; fluoroquinolones; antimicrobial resistance; AMR

Online: 24 February 2022 (10:03:48 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0228.v1

Rethinking Complex Diseases: A High-Dimensional Representation of Individual Disease Burden and Global Disease Landscape

Annikka Polster

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Complex diseases; Nosology; Systems Medicine

Online: 17 January 2022 (13:01:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0132.v2

Relative Effectiveness of Cell-Cultured versus Egg-Based Seasonal Influenza Vaccines in Preventing Influenza-Related Outcomes in Subjects 18 Years Old or Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Joan Puig-Barberà, Sonia Tamames-Gómez, Pedro Plans-Rubio, José María Eirós-Bouza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: adults; influenza; cell-cultured vaccine; egg-based vaccine; influenza vaccine; relative vaccine effectiveness; real word evidence; mutation; human / prevention & control*; comparative study

Online: 20 December 2021 (11:00:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0512.v1

Objective and Subjective Evaluation of a Passive Exoskeleton for Upper Limbs

Berenger Le Tellier, Thomas Albouy, Kevin Lebel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: MSDs; exoskeleton; upper limb assistance; EMG; balance test; subjective questionnaire

Online: 26 November 2021 (18:09:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0298.v1

Analysis of Dynamic Efficacy Profile of Corneal Cross-Linking: Role of Oxygen and Rate Constants

Jui-Teng Lin, Yi-Ze Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Corneal crosslinking; efficacy; kinetic modeling; oxygen; riboflavin; ultraviolet light

Online: 17 November 2021 (10:39:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0132.v1

Relative Effectiveness of Cell-Cultured versus Egg-Based Seasonal Influenza Vaccines in Preventing Influenza-Related Outcomes in Subjects 18 Years Old or Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Joan Puig-Barberà, Sonia Tamames-Gómez, Pedro Plans-Rubio, José María Eirós-Bouza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: adults; influenza; cell-cultured vaccine; egg-based vaccine; influenza vaccine; relative vaccine effectiveness; real word evidence; mutation; human / prevention & control*; comparative study

Online: 8 November 2021 (12:14:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0086.v1

Fibropreventive and Antifibrotic Effects of Uncaria gambir on Rats with Pulmonary Fibrosis

Desdiani Desdiani, Iris Rengganis, Samsuridjal Djauzi, Agus Setiyono, Mohamad Sadikin, Sri Widia A. Jusman, Nuryati Chairani Siregar, Suradi Suradi, Putri C. Eyanoer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: inflammatory cells; fibropreventive; antifibrotic; gambir

Online: 5 October 2021 (13:12:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0021.v1

Chitosan-Based Thermo-Responsive Scaffold for Wound Heal-ing Provides Dexketoprofen Trometamol Controlled Release for 24 Hour-Use

Luis Castillo-Henríquez, Pablo Sanabria-Espinoza, Brayan Murillo-Castillo, Gabriela Montes de Oca- Vásquez, Diego Batista-Menezes, Briner Calvo-Guzmán, Nils Ramírez-Arguedas, José Vega-Baudrit

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: chitosan; dexketoprofen trometamol; drug delivery; gelatin; NSAIDs; personalized medicine; smart polymers

Online: 1 October 2021 (13:53:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0511.v1

Oxygen, pH, Lactate, and Metabolism- How Old Knowledge and New Insights Might be Combined for New Wound Treatment

Herbert Leopold Haller, Frank Sander, Sebastian Philipp Nischwitz, Daniel Popp, Matthias Rapp, Bernd Hartmann, Mehmet Demircan, Lars Peter Kamolz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Wound; chronic wound; hypoxia; Lactate; Acidosis; Alkalosis; neoangiogenesis; ECM; Polylactide; polylactide membranes

Online: 30 September 2021 (12:18:52 CEST)

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: Over time, we have come to recognize a very complex network of physiological changes enabling wound healing. An immunological process enables the body to distinguish damaged cells and begin a cleaning mechanism by separating damaged proteins and cells with matrix metallopro-teinases, a complement reaction, and free radicals. A wide variety of cell functions help to rebuild new tissue, dependent on energy provision and oxygen supply. Like in an optimized "biorector," disturbance can lead to prolonged healing. One of the earliest investigated local factors is the pH of wounds, studied in close relation to the local perfusion, oxygen tension, and lactate concentration. Granulation tissue with the wrong pH can hinder fibroblast and keratinocyte division and pro-liferation, as well as skin graft takes. Methods for influencing the pH have been tested, such as occlusion and acidification by the topical application of acidic media. In most trials, this has not changed the wound's pH to an acidic one, but it has reduced the strong alkalinity of deeper or chronic wound. Energy provision is essential for all repair processes. New insights into the metabolism of cells have changed the definition of lactate from a waste product to an indispensable energy provider in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Neovascularization depends on oxygen provision and lactate, signaling hypoxic conditions even under normoxic conditions. An appropriate pH is necessary for successful skin grafting; hypoxia can change the pH of wounds. This review describes the close interconnections between the local lactate levels, metabolism, healing mechanisms, and pH. Furthermore, it analyzes and evaluates the different possible ways to support metabolism, such as lactate enhancement and pH adjustment. The aim of wound treatment must be the optimization of all these components. Therefore, the role of lactate and its influence on wound healing in acute and chronic wounds will be assessed.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0197.v1

Positive Association between the Use of Quinolones in Food Animals and the Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in E. Coli and K. Pneumoniae, A. Baumanii and P. Aeruginosa: A Global Ecological Analysis

Chris Kenyon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: One-health; food-animals; E. coli; K. pneumoniae; Acinetobacter; P. aeruginosa; fluoroquinolones; antimicrobial resistance; antibiotic consumption

Online: 13 September 2021 (09:55:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0529.v1

Activation of Vitamin D Receptor Pathway Enhances Differentiating Capacity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations

Marie Sabatier, Emeline Boet, Sonia Zaghdoudi, Nathan Guiraud, Alexis Hucteau, Nathaniel Polley, Guillaume Cognet, Estelle Saland, Laura Lauture, Thomas Farge, Ambrine Sahal, Vera Pancaldi, Emeline Chu-Van, Florence Castelli, Sarah Bertoli, Pierre Bories, Christian Récher, Héléna Boutzen, Véronique Mansat-De Mas, Lucille Stuani, Jean-Emmanuel Sarry

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: AML; IDH; Vitamin D; VDR; ATRA; CEBPa; Differentiation

Online: 27 August 2021 (16:32:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0488.v1

Critical Analysis of Corneal Cross-Linking (Part-II): Resolving the Controversial Issues (Theory Versus Measurements)

Jui-Teng Lin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: corneal collagen crosslinking; CXL; efficacy; riboflavin; modeling; safety dose; ultraviolet light

Online: 25 August 2021 (11:03:27 CEST)

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Working Paper COMMUNICATION

Reasonable Limiting of 7-Day Incidence per Hundred Thousand and Herd Immunization in Germany and Other Countries

Reinhard Schlickeiser, Martin Kröger

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: coronavirus; extrapolation; 7-day incidence value; Covid-19

Online: 28 July 2021 (10:30:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0614.v1

Mixed Effects and Mechanisms of Cannabinoids for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment

Khanh Tran

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Triple-negative breast cancer; cannabinoid; marijuana; cell signalling; medicinal plants

Online: 28 July 2021 (08:56:32 CEST)

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors, and HER-2 receptors. Thus, TNBC tumours do not benefit from the current therapies targeting ER or HER-2. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel treatment for this subtype of breast cancer. Marijuana is a common name given to Cannabis plants, a group of plants in the Cannabis genus of the Cannabaceae family. Cannabis plants are among the oldest cultivated crops, traced back at least 12,000 years and are well known for their multi-purpose usage, including medicinal purposes. The main active compounds extracted from Cannabis plants are 21-carbon-containing terpenophenolics, which are referred to as phytocannabinoids. Of these, the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) group contains highly potent cannabinoids, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC), which are the most abundant THCs and are largely responsible for psychological and physiological effects of marijuana. The use of Cannabis plants for medicinal purposes was first recorded in 2337 BC in China, where Cannabis plants were used to treat pains, rheumatism, and gout. Recently, several cannabinoids have been approved for a number of treatments, one of which is the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients. Furthermore, increasing evidence shows that cannabinoids not only attenuate side effects due to cancer treatment, but might also potentially possess direct antitumor effects in several cancer types, including breast cancer. However, anti-tumour activity of marijuana has been variable in different studies and even promoted tumour growth in some cases. In addition, the mechanisms of cannabinoid action in cancer remain unclear. This review summarizes evidence about the mixed actions of cannabinoids in cancer in general and triple-negative breast cancer in particular.

Medicine and Pharmacology