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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2044.v1

Vitamin D Levels on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Apolipoprotein in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Luis Felipe Pimenta, Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos Haber, Thais Menegucci, Karina Quesada, Pedro Zutin, Tereza Lais Menegucci Zutin, Adriano Cressoni Araújo, Cláudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi, Elizandra Lopes, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Sandra M. Barbalho, Elen Landgraf Guiguer

Subject: Endocrinology And Metabolism, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; Vitamin D; Lipid Profile; Apolipoprotein; Children; Adolescents

Online: 25 October 2024 (13:31:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1829.v1

Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Obesity: A Comprehensive Review

Kiran Sooraj Thirukonda Jegadeesh Babu, Ismail Arif Khan

Subject: Endocrinology And Metabolism, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: GLP-1 receptor agonists; obesity; weight loss; liraglutide; semaglutide; pharmacotherapy; metabolic health

Online: 24 October 2024 (07:34:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1784.v1

Effect of Silibinin on Human Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition and Gut Microbiota in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cristina Ponce Martínez, Elena Murcia García, Horacio Pérez Sánchez, Fermín I. Milagro, José I. Riezu-Boj, Bruno Ramos Molina, María Gómez Gallego, Salvador Zamora, Rubén Cañavate Cutillas, Juan José Hernández Morante

Subject: Endocrinology And Metabolism, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: microbiota; obesity; pancreatic lipase; silibinin; thistle extract

Online: 23 October 2024 (11:46:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1685.v1

Value of Repeat 5-HIAA Measurements as a Predictor of Carcinoid Heart Disease—A Prospective 5-Year Follow-Up Study in Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors

Iiro Kostiainen, Piia Simonen, Katri Aaltonen, Riikka Lindén, Noora Karppinen, Daniel Gordin, Janne Rapola, Camilla Schalin-Jäntti, Niina Matikainen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor; carcinoid heart disease; proBNP; 5-HIAA; cumulative exposure

Online: 22 October 2024 (10:12:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0875.v1

Changes in Composition and Diversity of the Intestinal Microbiota, Associated with Carbohydrate Consumption in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Beatriz Elina Martinez-Carrillo, Amapola De Sales-Millán, José Félix Aguirre-Garrido, Roxana Valdes-Ramos, Flor de María Cruz-Estrada, Arturo Castillo-Cardiel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Carbohydrate; Body Mass Index; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Microbiota

Online: 11 October 2024 (06:11:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0754.v1

ECONOMIC BURDEN OF OBESITY IN HUNGARY Estimation About Obesity Related Public Health Care Expenditures and out of Pocket Payments in 2019 and 2022

Emese ANTAL, Péter TORZSA, Imre RURIK

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: co-payment; health care expenditures; Hungary; obesity

Online: 10 October 2024 (04:48:30 CEST)

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Background. Obesity is an important threat to national and global public health in terms of prevalence and economic burden due to the obesity-related complications (ORCs) and morbidities. Aim of this study is to calculate the obesity related public expenditures in Hungary, to estimate the expenses and contribution of patients in 2019 (before) and in 2022 (after) the covid-pandemic.Method. The National Health Insurance Fund is the only health-care financing agency in a single-payer social-insurance system in Hungary, managing all of the public payments. Expenditures related to the patients with obesity and more frequent co-morbidities were requested from the national database. Financing of the inpatient (hospital) and the outpatient (secondary or ambulatory care) providers, reimbursement for prescription of medicines and healing aids were collected. Lower and upper thresholds were estimated, representing the prevalence of the respective morbidities among obese persons. The upper values were used in the final estimation, because many of other obesity related morbidities and treatments were not included in the calculation. Results. Obesity-related morbidities represent 10-12 % of all cases in the public health care system. National public health care expenses could be about 144 Billion HUF (444 Million EUR) for 2019 and 133 Billion HUF (393 Million EUR). These sums represent 7-11% of the national spending for health care provision, without sick leave expenditures. The co-payment of patients was estimated 34 Billion HUF (104 Million EUR) and 43 Billion HUF (109 Million EUR), respectively. Public expenditures and co-payments related to diabetes Type2, and hypertension were the highest. The public and individual expenditures together represents 0.3-0.4% of the Hungarian GDP.This study presents whole national database which is appropriate for reliable calculation. Reducing of high expenses could be possible by weight maintenance, preferable as early prevention, and weight reduction among persons living with obesity at individual level. Beside these, more efforts are needed in the education and public health policy. To calculate the cost of obesity, to improve homogeneity and comparability an international consensus is required on standardized methods.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0633.v1

Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile in Patients with Diabetic Foot Sepsis at a Central Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa

Simran Patel, Emeline Jooste, Chara Glynos, Onyiyechukwu Mbajiorgu, Anelisa Sipahlanga, Wandile Ngubane, Gopala Maharaj, Maeyane Stephens Moeng, Thifhelimbilu Emmanuel Luvhengo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Diabetic foot sepsis; microbiology; antibiotics; resistance; South Africa

Online: 9 October 2024 (07:05:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0495.v1

SGLT2 Research Collaboration Networks: Structural and Temporal Dynamics in Scientific Cooperation

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Endocrinology and Metabolism; SGLT2; co-authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies; interdisciplinary approach

Online: 8 October 2024 (03:11:21 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to explore the collaborative networks in Sodium/Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) research, covering the period from 2000 to 2023. By conducting a co-authorship network analysis, I investigate the structure and dynamics of scientific collaboration, identifying key researchers, institutions, and trends in the field. This analysis provides insights into how research collaboration has evolved and highlights the influence of international cooperation on the development of SGLT2 research.Method: The data were collected from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection and included 6,999 publications on SGLT2 research. Using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3), I analyzed both macro and micro-level network indicators. Macro-level indicators included network density, clustering coefficient, components, and average distance, while micro-level indicators included degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality. These metrics were used to assess the structure of the co-authorship network and identify key contributors.Result: The network analysis revealed significant changes in collaboration patterns over the study period. From 2000 to 2023, the network became more fragmented, with an increase in the number of research clusters and components. However, influential researchers, such as Zinman B. and Heerspink Hiddo J. L., consistently emerged as central figures in terms of both degree and closeness centrality. The analysis also highlighted the rise of international collaboration, particularly involving researchers from the United States, Europe, and Asia, with Japan playing a growing role in recent years.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that SGLT2 research collaboration networks have evolved considerably over the last two decades. The identification of key researchers and institutions provides valuable insights into the field's development, emphasizing the importance of international cooperation in advancing SGLT2 research. These findings may guide future research strategies and promote further collaborative efforts.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2404.v1

The Need for an Interdisciplinary Approach to Marfan Syndrome: Future Direction from the Results of a Network Analysis of Marfan Syndrome Studies

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Endocrinology and Metabolism; Marfan Syndrome; co-authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies; interdisciplinary approach

Online: 30 September 2024 (11:21:08 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to explore the collaborative networks in Marfan Syndrome (MFS) research by analyzing co-authorship patterns from 2000 to 2023. The objective is to identify key researchers, trends in collaboration, and the extent of interdisciplinary cooperation within the global MFS research community. Understanding these dynamics will inform the future direction of research in this field, emphasizing the need for a more integrated, interdisciplinary approach. Method: This study utilized network analysis techniques to evaluate 6,657 publications related to MFS research indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. The analysis was conducted using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3). The co-authorship networks were assessed using macro-level indicators such as network density (the ratio of actual to possible connections), clustering coefficient (degree of node clustering), number of components (distinct connected subgroups), and average path length (average distance between nodes). Micro-level indicators including degree centrality (importance based on the number of connections), closeness centrality (proximity to other nodes), and betweenness centrality (frequency of a node on the shortest paths between others) were also analyzed. Result: The network analysis revealed a persistent fragmentation within the MFS research community over the past two decades. While network density slightly increased from 0.0012 in the 2000–2009 period to 0.0016 in 2020–2023, the network remained disjointed with numerous disconnected components. Key contributors, such as Harry C. Dietz, Guillaume Jondeau, and Julie De Backer, demonstrated high centrality values, playing pivotal roles in shaping collaboration. The clustering coefficient remained high across all periods, indicating strong intra-group collaboration, yet underscoring the need for broader interdisciplinary partnerships.Conclusion: This study highlights the need for more integrated and cross-disciplinary collaboration in MFS research. Despite the significant contributions of central researchers, the overall fragmentation limits potential advancements. Fostering a more interconnected global network and encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation will be crucial to addressing the complex, multi-systemic nature of Marfan Syndrome and improving patient outcomes.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2400.v1

Molecular Pathophysiology of Parathyroid Tumorigenesis—The Lesson from a Rare Disease: The “MEN1 Model”

Alessandro Brunetti, Roberta Cosso, Fabio Vescini, ALBERTO FALCHETTI

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: parathyroid tumorigenesis; primary hyperparathyrodism; genetics of primary hyperparathyrodism; MEN1 parathyroid tumors; loss of heterozygosity; clonality or parathyroid tumors; menin; epigenetics of parathyroid tumorigenesis; microRNAs; famillial parathyroid tumors

Online: 30 September 2024 (10:39:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2142.v1

Impact of Intensive Insulin Stabilisation Service in Pregnancy with Type 1 Diabetes

Stephanie Teasdale, Natasha Cannon, Alison Griffin, Janelle Nisbet, David Mcintyre

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: type 1 diabetes; pregnancy; continuous glucose monitoring; glycemic variability; glycemic control

Online: 26 September 2024 (16:30:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2036.v1

The Role of PET/CT in the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Current Applications and Future Perspectives

Emmanouil Panagiotidis, Jules Tianyu Zhang-Yin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: thyroid cancer; PET/CT

Online: 25 September 2024 (17:02:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1550.v1

Emerging Role of Natriuretic Peptides in Diabetes Care: A Brief Review of Pertinent Recent Literature

Dipti Tiwari, Tar Choon Aw

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: BNP; Diabetes; Heart Failure; Natriuretic Peptides; NT-proBNP

Online: 19 September 2024 (14:51:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1386.v1

Lipid Deposition in Skeletal Muscle Tissues and Its Correlation with Intra-abdominal Fat: A Pilot Investigation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Manoj Kumar Sarma, Andres Saucedo, Suresh Anand Sadananthan, Christine H Darwin, Ely Richard Felker, Steve Raman, Sambasivam Sendhil Velan, Michael Albert Thomas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: MR spectroscopic imaging; calf muscle lipids and metabolites; intra-abdominal fat; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Online: 19 September 2024 (08:55:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1312.v1

Novel Biomarkers of Grade I Diastolic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Adina Braha, Bogdan Timar, Viviana Ivan, Monica Micloș Balica, Larisa Dăniluc, Romulus Timar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: predictive biomarkers; left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; metabolic dysfunction-associated liver steatohepatitis; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Online: 17 September 2024 (10:51:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1153.v1

Evaluation of Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Adult PKU

Mehmet Cihan Balci, Meryem Karaca, Dilek Gunes, Huseyin Kutay Korbeyli, Arzu Selamioglu, Gulden Gokcay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Phenylketonuria; Overweight; Obesity; Body composition; Body mass index

Online: 17 September 2024 (05:06:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1111.v1

Kisspeptin Alleviates Human Hepatic Fibrogenesis by Inhibiting TGFb Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells

Kavita Prasad, Dipankar Bhattacharya, Shams Gamal Eldin Shams, Kimberly Izarraras, Tia Hart, Brent Mayfield, Maryjka B. Blaszczyk, Zhongren Zhou, Utpal B. Pajvani, Scott L. Friedman, Moshmi Bhattacharya

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: KISS1R; kisspeptin; MASLD; MASH; fibrosis, hepatic stellate cells; TGFβ

Online: 14 September 2024 (08:48:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1050.v1

The Role of Chemerin in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer

Adam Mylonakis, Maximos Frountzas, Irene Lidoriki, Alexandros Kozadinos, Areti Kalfoutzou, Eva Karanikki, Ilianna Tsikrikou, Maria Kyriakidou, Dimitrios Theodorou, Konstantinos G. Toutouzas, Dimitrios Schizas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Chemerin; Gastric cancer; Esophageal cancer; Obesity; Biomarker

Online: 13 September 2024 (04:30:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0511.v1

Evaluation of the Impact of Advanced Glycation End-Products on Peripheral Neuropathy Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes

Indumathi Singh, Tushar Issar, Ann Poynten, Kerry-lee Milner, Arun V Krishnan, Roshan Dhanapalaratnam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Advanced glycation end products; diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Online: 6 September 2024 (09:40:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0374.v1

Comorbidity of Hypothyroidism and Low-Alanine Aminotransferase Associated Sarcopenia is Common and Associated with Shortened Survival. A Retrospective Study of 16,827 patients Over a Period of 21 Years

Omer Segal, Rabia Khoury, Adva Vaisman, Gad Segal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Hypothyroidism; Sarcopenia; Frailty; Survival; Alanine aminotransferase; Prognosis

Online: 4 September 2024 (13:34:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0287.v1

Phenome-Wide Association Study of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes from a Southern Mexican Population Implicates rs7305229 with Plasmatic AntiGlutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody (GADA) Levels

Germán Alberto Nolasco-Rosales, José Jaime Martínez-Magaña, Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop, Ester Rodríguez-Sánchez, David Ruiz-Ramos, Jorge Ameth Villatoro-Velázquez, Marycarmen Bustos-Gamiño, Maria Elena Medina-Mora, Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate, Juan Daniel Cruz-Castillo, Humberto Nicolini, Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults; Genome-Wide Association Study; Mexico; Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2

Online: 4 September 2024 (12:56:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2277.v1

Advanced Glycation End Products and Its Receptor in Obesity: A Review of New and Old Molecules and Their Effect on Metabolic Parameters

Nadia Sofia Moreira Oliveira, Manuel Nuno Magalhaes Pinheiro Alcada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: obesity; advanced glycation end products; receptor for advanced glycation end products; pyridoxamine; pentoxifylline; phytochemicals; aminoguanidine; carnosine; adipose tissue dysfunction; metabolic inflammation; insulin resistance; glucose intolerance

Online: 31 August 2024 (18:19:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2213.v1

Associations of Amino Acids with the Risk of Prediabetes: a Case-Control Study from Kazakhstan

Alma Nurtazina, Ivan Voitshehovsky, Bakyt Kanapiyanov, Maxat Toishimanov, Daulet Dautov, Kairat Karibayev, Yerbol Smail, Dana Kozhakhmetova, Altay Dusupov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: prediabetes; amino acids; prediction; Kazakh population

Online: 30 August 2024 (09:38:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1916.v1

Evaluation of Biochemical Serum Indicators for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Diagnosis among Women with Obesity

Malika Madikyzy, Aigul Durmanova, Alexander Trofimov, Burkitkan Akbay, Tursonjan Tokay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); obesity; biomarker; anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH); hyperandrogenism

Online: 27 August 2024 (16:39:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1466.v1

Considering Multiple Parameters beyond BMI Alone Provides a Better Understanding of Cardiometabolic Risks Associated with Severe Obesity in Children

Ewa Kostrzeba, Mirosław Bik-Multanowski, Stephanie Brandt, Ewa Malecka-Tendera, Artur Mazur, Michael B. Ranke, Martin Wabitsch, Małgorzata Wójcik, Agnieszka Zachurzok, Anna Przestalska-Sowa, Elżbieta Petriczko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: severe obesity; childhood obesity; bioimpedance analysis; cardiometabolic complications

Online: 20 August 2024 (13:30:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1112.v1

Converging Pathways between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Diabetes in Children

MARIA FELICIA FAIENZA, Ilaria Farella, Mohamad Khalil, Piero Portincasa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: liver; steatosis; obesity; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; metabolic-associated (dysfunction) steatotic liver disease; magnetic resonance imaging ;

Online: 16 August 2024 (03:43:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1134.v1

Metabolic Consequences of Thyroidectomy and Patient-Centered Management

Karina Wang, Seza A. Gulec

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: thyroid cancer; metabolic consequences; weight gain; thyroidectomy; thyroid hormones

Online: 15 August 2024 (06:30:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0719.v1

Exploring the Rise in Precocious Puberty: Interplay of Genetic and Environmental Factors

Jhancy Malay, Biji Thomas George, Rajani Dube, Subhranshu Sekhar Kar, Imran Rashid Rangraze

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: precocious puberty; genetic factors; endocrinal factors; environmental factors

Online: 12 August 2024 (03:55:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0380.v1

Relationship of SOD-1 Activity in Metabolic Syndrome and/or Frailty Elderly Individuals

Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak, Ewa Wysocka, Edyta Fatyga, Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: aging; metabolic syndrome; frailty syndrome; SOD-1

Online: 6 August 2024 (06:54:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0397.v1

Enhanced Anti-Obesity Effects of Euphorbia Kansui Extract through Macrophage and Gut Microbiota Modulation: A Real-World Clinical and In Vivo Study

Ji-Won Noh, Jung-Hwa Yoo, Byung-Cheol Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Keywords Anti-obesity; herbal remedies; Euphorbia kansui; insulin resistance; gut microbiota; adipose tissue macrophage; weight management

Online: 6 August 2024 (06:52:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2141.v1

The Impact of Diet-Induced Weight Loss on the Inflammatory Status and Hyperandrogenism in Women With PCOS – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Salih Atalah Alenezi, Nusaiba Elkmeshi, Abdullah Alanazi, Sulaiman Timah Alanazi, Raheela Khan, Saad Amer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: PCOS; chronic inflammation; hyperandrogenism; CRP; Obesity; weight loss

Online: 26 July 2024 (12:55:27 CEST)

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Currently, the primary strategy for addressing polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) involves lifestyle modifications, with a focus on weight loss. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the impact of weight loss through dietary interventions on inflammatory status and hyperandrogenism in PCOS women. A comprehensive search was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies assessing the impact of diet-induced weight loss on circulating inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α), androgens (testosterone, SHBG, androstenedione) and luteinising hormone (LH) in PCOS women. The quality and risk of bias of the included studies were assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for RCTs and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. Data were entered into RevMan software v5.9 for the calculation of standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of circulating inflammatory markers, androgens and LH between baseline and post-weight loss values. Eleven studies (n=323) were eligible for the systematic review, of which nine (n=286) were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis of data revealed a statistically significant decrease in circulating CRP (SMD 0.39, 95%CI 0.22, 0.56; 9 studies, n=286), IL-6 (SMD 0.37, 95%Cl, 0.12, 0.61; 3 Studies, n=140), TNF- α (SMD 0.30, 95%Cl, 0.07, 0.53; 4 Studies, n=162), androstenedione (SMD 0.36, 95%Cl, 0.13, 0.60; 4 studies, n=147) and LH (SMD 0.30, 95% Cl, 0.09, 0.51; 5 studies, n=197) after weight loss compared to baseline levels among PCOS women. Meta-analysis of five studies (n=173) showed a statistically significant increase in circulating SHBG after weight loss compared to baseline levels (SMD -0.43, 95%Cl, -0.65, -0.21). These findings suggest that weight loss induced by dietary interventions seems to improve PCOS-related chronic inflammation and hyperandrogenism. The possible causative relationship between the improvement in inflammation and hyperandrogenism remains to be determined.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1993.v1

Fine-Scale Haplotype Mapping Reveals Association of Fto Gene with Osteoporosis and Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Daniela Greere, Sara Haydar, Florin Grigorescu, Dana Manda, Gabriela Voicu, Corinne Lautier, Catalina Poiana

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: FTO; osteoporosis; SNV; gene; haplotype

Online: 25 July 2024 (12:56:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1527.v1

Daily and Weekly “High Doses” of Cholecalciferol for the Prevention and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency for Obese or Multi-morbidity and Multi-treatment Patients Requiring Multi-drugs – A Narrative Review

Pawel Pludowski, Ewa Marcinowska-Suchowierska, Galym Togizbayev, Zhanna Belaya, William B. Grant, Stefan Pilz, Michael F. Holick

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: vitamin D in high dose; 7,000 IU per day; 30,000 IU per week; 50,000 IU per week; effectiveness; safety; intermittent doses

Online: 19 July 2024 (02:51:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1029.v1

Therapeutic Advancement of Adiponectin in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Other Metabolic Disorders

Anusha Singh, Nalini Bora, Puran Bora

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Adiponectin; retina; metabolism; ocular; oxidative stress; disorders

Online: 15 July 2024 (11:08:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0982.v1

Implementation of a Grupal Intervention Program for the Treatment of Obesity in Children: PinPO.

MARIA JOSE COMINO-MONROY, WENCESLAO FERNANDEZ-GALLARDO, Mercedes Gil-Campos, MANGELES ALARCON-ROLDAN, CRISTINA CASTRO-COLLADO, BARBARA LUQUE, SEBASTIAN VIVAS, KATHERINE FLORES-ROJAS

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: childhood; grupal intervention; habits; obesity; treatment

Online: 12 July 2024 (05:57:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0440.v1

Stefania Melini, Giovanna Trinchese, Adriano Lama, Fabiano Cimmino, Filomena Del Piano, Federica Comella, Nicola Opallo, Antonio Leo, Rita Citraro, Luigia Trabace, Giuseppina Mattace Raso, Claudio Pirozzi, Maria Pina Mollica, Rosaria Meli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: genetic animal model; epilepsy; mitochondrial bioenergetics; oxidative damage; sex-dependent alterations; neonatal infections

Online: 4 July 2024 (14:41:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0371.v1

Synthetic Endocrine Disruptors in Fragranced Products

Sawyer Ashcroft, Noura S. Dosoky, William N Setzer, Prabodh Satyal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Synthetic fragrance; phthalates; parabens; triclosan; siloxanes

Online: 4 July 2024 (09:12:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1458.v1

Hyperuricemia: Current State and Prospects

Wei-Zheng Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Hyperuricemia; microbiota; physical activity; caveolae; uric acid metabolism; cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome

Online: 20 June 2024 (15:10:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1234.v1

Exposure to Sympathetic Stress during Gestation Modifies Cardiovascular and Metabolic Function in Female Progeny in Rats

Beatriz Piquer, Alfonso Paredes, Constanza Alanis, Sara Peña, Hernan E. Lara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: gestational programming; cardiovascular; norepinephrine; beta receptors

Online: 19 June 2024 (02:45:39 CEST)

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Increased norepinephrine (NE) release from the sympathetic nerves during pregnancy in women or animal models, as occurs during stress, modifies the fetal environment and increases flow of NE to the fetus, programing the progeny and affecting its cardiovascular and metabolic function in adulthood. In the present work, gestating rats were exposed to stress during gestation and the female progeny was analyzed for heart and metabolic function. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to cold stress (4 °C/3 h/day); rats’ female progeny were euthanized at 4, 20 and 60 days old and their hearts evaluated to determine the β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) mRNA, abundance and affinity to agonists and NE concentration. The in vivo response to glucose overload and the arterial pressure response to isoproterenol (ISO, 125 µg/kg weight/day/10 days) were monitored. Results: At 20 and 60 days old, stressed female progeny presented an increase in ventricular weight and no changes in the cardiac NE as compared with their age-matched controls. The β1AR mRNA in control rats decreased between 4 and 20 days of age, but stressed rats maintained 50% higher levels of mRNA as compared with their age-matched controls. This difference was also found in the protein abundance of β1AR. No differences were found at 60 days old. The β2AR mRNA levels were higher than in controls at both 4 and 20 days old, but not expressed in the amount of protein. An increase in the ratio of β1/β2 receptors was found at 20 days old but not at 60 days old. The displacement of 3H-dihydroalprenolol (DHA) from a membrane fraction with propranolol (β antagonist) showed decreased affinity (at 60 days old) but no changes in the βAR number. In vivo exposure to ISO induced a β-adrenergic overload and provoked death in 40% of stressed females by day 3 of ISO treatment. Regarding metabolic function, we found that stressed rats presented insulin resistance when adults. These data suggest permanent changes to the heart’s adrenergic response and metabolic function after rat progeny were stressed in the uterus.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1262.v1

Vitamin B12 Metabolism: A Network of Multi-Protein Mediated Processes

Patryk Mucha, Filip Kus, Dominik Cysewski, Ryszard Tomasz Smolenski, Marta Tomczyk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: vitamin B12; metabolism; proteins; anemia; neurodegeneration

Online: 18 June 2024 (12:23:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1148.v1

PyCaret for Predicting Type 2 Diabetes: A Phenotype and Gender‐Based Approach with the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals’ Follow‐Up Study

Sebnem Gul, Kubilay Ayturan, Fırat Hardalaç

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; PyCaret; machine learning; prediction; feature importance plot; SHAP value

Online: 17 June 2024 (12:59:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1032.v1

Optimizing GLP-1R Agonist: A Computational Semaglutide Analogue with 112-fold Enhanced Binding Affinity to GLP-1R

Wei Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Semaglutide Analogues; GLP-1 Receptor Agonists; Binding Affinity Optimization; Computational Drug Design;

Online: 17 June 2024 (09:12:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0858.v1

Bone Turnover Markers during Growth Hormone Therapy Short Stature Children Born as SGA

Korpysz Alicja, Jaworski Maciej, Ewa Skorupa, Mieczysław Szalecki, Mieczysław Walczak, Elżbieta Petriczko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: SGA; GHT; P1NP; CTX; P3NP; NT-pro-CNP; Ca-P

Online: 12 June 2024 (16:00:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0803.v1

Distinct Plasma Metabolomic and Gut Microbiome Profiles After GDM Diet Treatment: Implications for Personalized Dietary Interventions

Kameron Y. Sugino, Teri L. Hernandez, Linda A. Barbour, Jennifer M. Kofonow, Daniel N. Frank, and Jacob E. Friedman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: GDM; Diabetes; Microbiome; Pregnancy; Diet Intervention; Metabolomics

Online: 12 June 2024 (14:58:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0728.v1

Bioanalysis of the Geneva Phenotyping Cocktail in Whole Blood Collected with Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling by LC-MS/MS for Application in a South African Cohort

Machel Leuschner, Allan Duncan Cromarty, Kim Sheva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Phenotyping; Personalised medicine; LCMSMS method validation; Dried blood spot sampling; CYP450 metabolism; P-gp transport

Online: 11 June 2024 (18:26:02 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0315.v1

The GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Liraglutide Decreases Primary Bile Acids and Serotonin in the Colon Independently of Feeding in Mice

Katsunori Nonogaki, Takao Kaji

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: GLP-1 receptor agonist; liraglutide; serotonin; tryptophan; bile acids

Online: 10 June 2024 (12:22:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0449.v1

Interaction of Vasopressin with Hormones of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Significance for Therapeutic Strategies in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases

Ewa Krystyna Szczepańska-Sadowska, Katarzyna Czarzasta, Wiktor Bogacki-Rychlik, Michał Kowara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: AVP; CRH; ACTH; glucocorticoids; mineralocorticoids; androgens; estrogens; hypertension; cardiac failure; stress

Online: 7 June 2024 (08:24:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0337.v1

An Increasing Triglyceride-Glucose Index Predisposes to a Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype: Implications for Cardio-Metabolic Syndromes

Beverley Adams-Huet, Ishwarlal Jialal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Insulin resistance; triglyceride-glucose-index; inflammation; metabolic syndrome

Online: 6 June 2024 (07:41:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0268.v1

Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms on the Sulfation of Dehydroepiandrosterone and 17-β Estradiol by Human Cytosolic Sulfotransferase SULT2B1a

Eid Alatwi, Ahsan Bairam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: DHEA; E2; sulfation; SULT2B1a; SNPs

Online: 5 June 2024 (13:36:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0116.v1

Sympathetic Activation Promotes Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-1 Protein Expression in Rodent Skeletal Muscle

Jennifer R Matthews, Lakshini Y Herat, Markus P Schlaich, Vance B Matthews

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: diabetes; skeletal muscle; sglt1; sglt2; hypertension; blood pressure; glucose; sodium

Online: 4 June 2024 (08:49:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1925.v1

Diverse Strategies for Modulating Insulin Resistance: Causal or Consequential Inference on Metabolic Parameters in Treatment-Naïve Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

Eiji Kutoh, Alexandra N. Kuto, Rumiko Okada, Midori Akiyama, Rumi Kurihara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Insulin resistance; very low calorie Japanese diet; pioglitazone; SGLT-2 inhibitor

Online: 29 May 2024 (07:43:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1891.v1

Prospective Study to Evaluate Rectus Femoris Muscle Ultrasound for Body Composition Analysis in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery

Andreu Simó Servat, Montse Ibarra, Mireia Libran, Lilian Escobar, Verónica Perea, Carmen Quirós, Carlos Puig-Jové, María-José Barahona

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound; Rectus femoris; Bariatric Surgery; Sarcopenic obesity

Online: 28 May 2024 (15:41:23 CEST)

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Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) has a significant impact on body composition (BC) and con-sequently may affect established sarcopenic obesity (SO) in candidate patients. The aim of this study is to assess the utility of muscle ultrasound (MUS) of rectus femoris thickness (RFT) for the evalua-tion of BC and skeletal muscle function in patients undergoing BS compared to bioimpedance analysis (BIA), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and dynamometry. On the other hand, we aim to demonstrate how MUS of RFT correlates better with the quality of life (Qol) in this population, likely because it enables the detection of regional quadriceps muscle sarcopenia, in comparison to the other mentioned methods. Methods: This is a prospective pilot study including 77 subjects (64.9% female, mean age: 53.2 ± 8.67 years) who underwent BS. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer, fat-free mass index (iFFM) was assessed by BIA, appendicular muscle index (AMI) was calculated using DEXA and RFT was measured by MUS. Moreover, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resintance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. All these measurements were conducted 1 month prior to BS and at the 12-month follow-up. QoL was as-sessed using the Moorehead-Ardelt questionnaire. Results: The mean BMI decreased by 12.95 ± 3.56 kg/m2 (p=0.001). Firstly, we observed positive correlation pre-surgery between HOMA and: RFT (r=0.27, p=0.02), iFFM (r=0.36, p=0.001), AMI (r=0.31, p=0.01) and dynamometer (r=0.26, p=0.02). In addition, we found correlation between RFT and iFFM (pre-surgical: r=0.31, p=0.01; post-surgical: r=0.25, p=0.05) and between RFT and lower extremities AMI post-surgical (r=0.27, p=0.04). Secondly, we observed significant reductions in iFFM, AMI and RFT (p=0.001), but not with dynamometer (p=0.94). Finally, a tendency to a positive correlation between QoL question-naire and RFT post-surgery (r=0.23, p=0.079) was observed. Conclusions: Our results suggest that RFT measured by MUS for the evaluation of SO and the follow-up after BS of these patients. Moreover, RFT can provide relevant information about regional sarcopenia and probably has an accurate correlation with QoL in comparison with the other methods.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1725.v1

Serum Bilirubin Concentrations and Insulin Resistance in Advanced Maternal Age without Diabetes Mellitus

Man man Han, Yong Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Serum bilirubin; Pregnant women; Insulin resistance; Advanced maternal age

Online: 27 May 2024 (10:03:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1588.v1

Cephalometric Evaluation of Children with Short Stature of Genetic Etiology. A Review

George Paltoglou, Nickolas Ziakas, George P. Chrousos, Christos Yapijakis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: short stature; genetics; genetic syndromes; craniofacial morphology; cephalometric radiograph; growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis; epiphyseal growth plate; cartilage extracellular matrix

Online: 24 May 2024 (11:17:53 CEST)

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Introduction: A plethora of biological molecules regulate chondrogenesis in the epiphyseal growth plate. Disruptions of quantity and function of these molecules can manifest clinically as stature abnormalities of various etiologies. Traditionally, the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) axis represents the etiological center of final stature attainment. Of note, little is known about the molecular events that dominate the growth of the craniofacial complex and its correlation with somatic stature. Aim: Given the paucity of the relevant data, this review discusses available information regarding potential applications of lateral cephalometric radiography as a potential clinical indicator of genetic short stature in children. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed electronic database using the key words: cephalometric analysis and short stature; cephalometric analysis and achondroplasia; cephalometric analysis and hypochondroplasia; cephalometric analysis and skeletal abnormalities; cephalometr* and SHOX; cephalometr* and CNP; cephalometr* and ACAN; cephalometr* and CNVs; cephalometr* and IHH; cephalometr* and FGFR3; cephalometr* and Noonan syndrome; cephalometr* and “Turner syndrome”; cephalometr* and achondroplasia. Results: In individuals with genetic syndromes causing short stature, linear growth of the craniofacial complex is confined, following the pattern of somatic short stature regardless of its etiology. The angular cephalometric measurements differ from the average height normal individuals and are suggestive of a posterior placement of the jaws and a vertical growth pattern of the face. Conclusion: The greater part of the existing literature regarding cephalometric measurements in short statured children with genetic syndromes provides qualitative data. Furthermore, cephalometric data for individuals affected with specific rare genetic conditions causing short stature, should be the focus of future studies. These quantitative data are required to potentially establish cut-off values to refer for genetic testing based on craniofacial phenotypes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1059.v1

Clinical and Metabolic Particularities of a Roma Population with Diabetes- considering Ethnic Disparities in Approaching Healthcare Management

Andrada Cosoreanu, Emilia Rusu, Florin Rusu, Silviu Stanciu, Ioana Ungureanu, Marius Donici, Alexandra Visinescu, Georgiana Enache, Gabriela Radulian

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: clinical characteristics, metabolic particularities, anthropometric assessment, Roma population

Online: 15 May 2024 (15:26:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0999.v1

Nocturnal Glucose Profile according to Timing of Dinner Rapid Insulin and Basal and Rapid Insulin Type: An Insulclock® Connected Insulin Cap-Based Real-World Study

Fernando Gómez-Peralta, Xoan Valledor, Cristina Abreu, Elsa Fernández-Rubio, Laura Cotovad, Pedro Pujante, Sharona Azriel, Jesús Pérez-González, Alba Vallejo, Luis Ruiz-Valdepeñas, Rosa Corcoy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Ultrarapid insulin; second-generation basal insulin; nocturnal hyperglycemia; nocturnal hypo-glycemia; connected insulin pen cap

Online: 15 May 2024 (12:29:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0918.v1

What Is Currently Understood and Remains Undiscovered regarding Lp(a) in the Context of Metabolic Syndrome?

Dunja Leskovar Lemešić, Luka Prgomet, Kristina Mihanović Paponja, Dražen Perica, Nediljko Šućur, Ana Godan Hauptman, Iveta Merćep, Ivan Pećin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: lipoprotein (a); diabetes mellitus type 2; metabolic syndrome

Online: 14 May 2024 (06:50:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0588.v1

An Overview of Cardiovascular Risk in Pituitary Disorders

Georgia Ntali, Vyron Markussis, Alexandra Chrisoulidou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: cardiovascular disease; pituitary; acromegaly; Cushing's disease; prolactinoma; hypopituitarism

Online: 9 May 2024 (11:55:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0568.v1

Gender-Difference in Response to Treatment with Liraglutide 3.0 mg

Ilaria Milani, Gloria Guarisco, Marianna Chinucci, Chiara Gaita, Frida Leonetti, Danila Capoccia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: ; Obesity; gender; GLP1-RAs; Liraglutide; weight loss ;

Online: 9 May 2024 (07:24:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0501.v1

IGF-1 and IGFBP-1, Possible Predictors of Response to Lifestyle Intervention – Results from Randomized Controlled Trials

Nina M.T. Meyer, Stefan Kabisch, Ulrike Dambeck, Caroline Honsek, Margrit Kemper, Christiana Gerbracht, Ayman M. Arafat, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jürgen Machann, Martin A. Osterhoff, Martin O. Weickert, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: IGF-axis; lifestyle intervention; intervention response; prediabetes

Online: 8 May 2024 (12:45:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0381.v1

Transient Isolated Idiopathic Growth Hormone Deficiency – a Self-Limiting Pediatric Disease with Male Predominance or a Diagnosis Based on Uncertain Criteria? Lesson from 20-Years’ Real-World Experience with Retesting in One Center

Joanna Smyczyńska, Maciej Hilczer, Urszula Smyczyńska, Andrzej Lewiński, Renata Stawerska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: growth hormone deficiency; growth hormone therapy; near-final height; retesting; insulin-like growth factor-1

Online: 7 May 2024 (13:39:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0375.v1

Iron Metabolism in the Recovery Phase of Critical Illness

Xiyang Zhang, Bruce Holbein, Juan Zhou, Christian Lehmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: critical illness; iron deficiency; recovery; iron supplementation

Online: 7 May 2024 (11:43:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0211.v1

Investigation of Systemic Immune Inflammation (SII) Index as an Indicator of Morbidity and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy Patients in a 4-Year Follow-up Period

Nilgun Tan Tabakoglu, Mehmet Celik

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Systemic immune inflammation; diabetic retinopathy; type 2 diabetes mellitus; microvascular complications; macrovascular complications

Online: 6 May 2024 (04:49:25 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0139.v1

Lifetime Exposure Model of Type 2 Diabetes

Alen Rončević

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: diabetes; chaos theory; pathophysiology; concept

Online: 3 May 2024 (02:23:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1938.v1

DNA Aptamer Raised against Advanced Glycation End Products Improves Sperm Concentration, Motility, and Viability by Suppressing RAGE-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Testes of Diabetic Mice

Yusaku Mori, Michishige Terasaki, Naoya Osaka, Tomoki Fujikawa, Hironori Yashima, Tomomi Saito, Yurie Kataoka, Makoto Ohara, Yuichiro Higashimoto, Takanori Matsui, Sho-ichi Yamagishi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: AGEs; DNA aptamer; diabetes; male infertility; sperm abnormality; testis

Online: 29 April 2024 (16:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1880.v1

Subclinical Hypothyroidism, BDNF, and Telomere Dynamics in T1DM Pregnancy

Josip Delmis, Vesna Elvedji Elvedji Gasparovic, Mislav Herman, Marina Ivanisevic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; neonate; pregnancy; subclinical hypothyroidism; type 1 diabetes mellitus

Online: 29 April 2024 (05:11:12 CEST)

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This study investigates the effects of subclinical hypothyroidism and BDNF on telomere length in T1DM mothers and their neonates. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 70 pregnant women with T1DM were enrolled. Subclinical hypothyroidism during the first trimester was characterized by elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels ranging from 2.5 to 5.0mIU/L alongside normal free thyroxine (FT4) concentrations. Participants were stratified into two groups based on TSH levels: a maternal subclinical hypothyroid group (SHG, n=35) and a maternal euthyroid group (ETG, n=35). Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) measurements were conducted using whole blood samples from the mothers and umbilical veins. Results: The maternal LTL mean was 1.7 (SD=1.1), which was significantly shorter than the neonatal telomeres, with a mean of 2.3 SD (1.2). A significant correlation was observed between maternal and neonatal LTL (r=0.750, p<0.001). A positive association was found between neonatal LTL and BDNF levels in maternal circulation [β=0.421 (95% CI 0.536; 1.873; p=0.001)]. Neonatal LTL was negatively associated with gestational weight gain [β=-0.266 (95% CI-0.138; -0.009)], and with TSH in the first trimester [β=-0.237; (95% CI -0.493; - 0.010)]. Notably, neonates in the SHG exhibited shorter LTL, with a mean of 2.1 (1.0), compared to those in the ETG, who had a mean LTL of 2.7 (1.4). A positive association was found between maternal LTL and BDNF levels in maternal circulation [β=0.523 (95% CI 0.790; 1.950; P<0.001)]. Maternal LTL was negatively associated with gestational weight gain [β=-0.259 (95% CI -0.122; -0.010)], and with TSH in the first trimester [β=-0.231; (95% CI -0.422; - 0.015)]. Conclusions: Genetic factors affect neonatal LTL. Maternal subclinical hypothyroidism reduces neonatal LTL. The link between maternal and neonatal LTL and BDNF reveals the complex endocrine-neurotrophic interaction in T1DM telomere dynamics.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1827.v1

Cannabidiol and Beta-Caryophyllene Combination Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome/NFκB through the AMPK/SIRT3/Nrf2 Axis

Islauddin Khan, Sukhmandeep Kaur, Arun k Rishi, Breana Boirie, Mounika Aare, Mandip Sachdeva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Beta-Caryophyllene; Cannabidiol; AMPK; SIRT3; NLRP3; mitochondrial biogenesis; autophagy

Online: 28 April 2024 (07:13:38 CEST)

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Background In this study we investigated in detail the role of cannabidiol (CBD), Beta-caryophyllene (BC), or their combinations in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DN). The key factors that contribute to DN include mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Methods Briefly, Streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to induce DN in Sprague Dawley rats and performed procedures including Randall Sellito Calipers, Von Frey Aesthesiometer, hot plate, and cold plate methods to determine mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in vivo. The blood flow to the nerves was assessed by using the Laser Doppler device. Schwann cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) at a dose of 30 mM to induce hyperglycemia and DCFDA, JC1 & Mitosox staining were done to determine mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxides in-vitro. The rats were administered i.p with BC (30mg/kg), CBD (15mg/kg), or combination while Schwann cells were treated with 3.65 µM CBD, 75 µM BC, or combination to assess their role in DN amelioration. Results Our results revealed that exposure to BC and CBD diminished HG-induced hyperglycemia in Schwann cells, in part, through reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxides. Further, BC and CBD combination treatment in-vivo could prevent the deterioration of mitochondrial quality control system by promoting autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis while improving blood flow. CBD and BC treatments also reduced pain hypersensitivity to hyperalgesia and allodynia with increased antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action in diabetic rats. These in vivo effects were attributed to significant upregulation of AMPK, SIRT3, Nrf2, PINK1, PARKIN, LC3B, Beclin1 and TFAM functions while downregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome, NFκB, COX2 and p62 activity was noted as determined by western blotting. Conclusion the present studies demonstrated that STZ & HG induced oxidative and nitrosative stress play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. We find, for the first time, that CBD and BC combination ameliorate DN via modulating the mitochondrial quality control system.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1641.v1

ACTION-FRANCE: Insights into Perceptions, Attitudes, and Barriers to Obesity Management in France

Laurence Salle, Olivier Foulatier, Muriel Coupaye, Vincent Frering, Alina Constantin, Anne-Sophie Joly, Ben Braithwaite, Fella Gharbi, Lysiane Jubin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: obesity management; perception of obesity; physician-patient interaction; obesity treatment

Online: 25 April 2024 (11:15:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0268.v2

Performance of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems under Hyperbaric Conditions an Exploratory Study to Increase Diabetic Divers’ Safety

Philipp Herold, Daniel Weh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Blood sugar level; Diabetes; Safety; Scuba diving

Online: 24 April 2024 (20:21:37 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1445.v1

Changes of Central Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones during Pregnancy

Ioannis Ilias, Charalampos Milionis, Maria Alexiou, Ekaterini Michou, Chrysi Karavasili, Evangelia Venaki, Kostas Markou, Irene Mamali, Eftychia Koukkou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: central sensitivity; thyroid hormones; pregnancy; hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis; free thyroxine (fT4); iodine intake; thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI); urinary iodine excretion (UI)

Online: 23 April 2024 (12:44:08 CEST)

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Introduction/Aim: Central sensitivity to thyroid hormones refers to the sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis to changes in circulating free thyroxine (fT4). The relationship between fT4 levels and iodine intake is complex. The aim of the present study was to assess central sensitivity to thyroid hormones in pregnancy against iodine intake. Materials & Methods: One thousand one hundred two blood and urine samples were collected from pregnant women (with a mean age+SD of 30.4+4.6 years) during singleton pregnancies; women with known/diagnosed thyroid disease were excluded. Specifically, TSH & fT4 and 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (UI) were measured in each trimester and at two months postpartum. The Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI) was calculated to assess central sensitivity to thyroid hormones. For the statistical analysis of TFQI by time period, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, while Pearson's correlation was used to assess TFQI versus UI. Results: The mean TFQI index ranged from -0.06 (first trimester) to -0.07 (two months postpartum), while the corresponding UI was 141 and 172 μg/L, respectively. The TFQI-UI correlation was negative (Pearson r: -0.325, p: 0.04 and r: -0.399, p: 0.023), for UI values over 250 μg/L, in the first and the third trimester of pregnancy, respectively. Discussion: TFQI is a new index reflecting central sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Lower TFQI indicates higher sensitivity to thyroid hormones. In our sample TFQI was inversely related to iodine intake, in the first trimester of pregnancy (the critical period of organogenesis) and the third trimester (the critical period of fetal growth). Thus, the observed changes in TFQI may reflect different ways of central action of thyroid hormones, according to the phase of pregnancy. The negative association between maternal TFQI (indicative of central sensitivity to thyroid hormone) and urine iodine levels during the third trimester of pregnancy may reflect the combined influence of maternal and fetal thyroid function. Our results are intriguing and have the potential to enhance our comprehension of the changes in the HPT axis’ function via variations in central sensitivity to thyroid hormones and its interplay with nutritional iodine status during pregnancy.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1361.v1

Developmental Programming of the Fetal Immune System by Maternal Western-style Diet: Mechanisms and Implications for Disease Pathways in the Offspring

Benjamin N Nelson, Jacob E Friedman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: maternal obesity; fetal-maternal health; innate immune regulation; microbiome; metabolites; epigenetics; multi-omics

Online: 22 April 2024 (13:05:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1306.v1

A Study on Burden of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Anemic Overweight and Obese Patients

AMIT KUMAR, SANDEEP GARG, BIDHAN CHANDRA KONER

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Anemia; Iron Deficiency; Obese Patients

Online: 22 April 2024 (12:12:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1321.v1

The Relationship Between the Ewing Test, Sudoscan Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Score and Cardiovascular Risk Score Calculated with SCORE2-Diabetes

Andra Elena Nica, Emilia Rusu, Carmen Dobjanschi, Florin Rusu, Claudia Sivu, Oana Andreea Parlițeanu, Gabriela Radulian

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: T2DM, Sudoscan, CAN, CVDs, SCORE2-Diabetes

Online: 19 April 2024 (09:40:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1068.v1

A Review of Fetal Development in Pregnancies with Maternal Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)‐ Associated Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal (HPA) Axis Dysregulation: Exploring Links to Pregestational Prediabetes

Mathuli Ngema, Nombuso Duduzile Xulu, Phikelelani Siphosethu Ngubane, Andile Khathi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; prediabetes; pregnancy; Maternal HPA axis; fetal HPA axis; programming; fetal development; placenta; glucocorticoids; metabolic diseases

Online: 16 April 2024 (17:24:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0951.v1

CXCR4: From Signaling to Clinical Applications in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

David Sanchis-Pascual, María Isabel Del Olmo-García, Stefan Prado-Wohlwend, Carlos Zac, Ángel Segura Huerta, Javier Hernández-Gil, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Juan F. Merino-Torres

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: CXCR4; CXCL12; cancer; neuroendocrine neoplasm; radiotracer

Online: 15 April 2024 (10:16:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0893.v1

Landmark Evaluation of Transferrin Glycoforms: Pioneering Congenital Glycosylation Disorder Diagnosis in Cuba

Alejandro Jesús Bermejo Valdés, Jessica Archer Jiménez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Congenital disorders of glycosylation; CDG; N-glycosylation; serum transferrin isoelectric focusing

Online: 15 April 2024 (05:14:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0810.v1

The Role of Oxytocin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Nicoletta Cera, Joana Pinto, Duarte Pignatelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Oxytocin; PCOS; Systematic Review; Fertility

Online: 11 April 2024 (11:19:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0380.v1

Obesogens in Adolescence. Challenging Aspects and Prevention Strategies.

Marina Nicolaou, Meropi Toumba, Alexandros Kythreotis, Habib Daher, Nicos Skordis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: endocrine disrupting chemicals; obesogens; obesity; children; adolescents; prevention strategies

Online: 5 April 2024 (06:51:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0295.v1

Vitamin D: A Bridge between Kidney and Heart

Carmine Secondulfo, Valeria Visco, Nicola Virtuoso, Martino Fortunato, Serena Migliarino, Antonella Rispoli, Lucia La Mura, Adolfo Stellato, Giuseppe Caliendo, Emanuela Settembre, Fabiana Galluccio, Sarah Hamzeh, Giancarlo Bilancio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: vitamin D; calcitriol; calcidiol; kidney disease; cardiovascular disease; hypertension; osteoporosis; mineral-bone disease; metabolic disease.

Online: 3 April 2024 (12:57:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1681.v1

Unraveling Verapamil's Multidimensional Role in Diabetes Therapy: From β-Cell Regeneration to Cholecystokinin Induction

Hossein Arefanian, Ashraf Al Madhoun, Fatema Al-Rashed, Fawaz Alzaid, Fatemah Bahman, Rasheeba Nizam, Mohammed Alhusayan, Sumi Elsa John, Sindhu Jacob, Michayla R Williams, Nermeen Abu Khalaf, Steve Shenouda, Shibu Joseph, Halemah AlSaeed, Shihab Kochumon, Anwar Mohammad, Lubaina Koti, Sardar Sindhu, Mohamed Abu-Farha, Jehad Abubaker, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Rasheed Ahmad, Fahd Al-Mulla

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: β -cells; Verapamil; Calcium channel blocker; Zebrafish; MIN6 cells; Diabetes Mellitus

Online: 27 March 2024 (12:24:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1400.v1

Exploring the Effect of Acute and Regular Physical Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Individuals with Obesity: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Halil İbrahim Ceylan, Ana Filipa Silva, Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo, Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Obesity; BDNF; physical exercise; meta-analysis

Online: 23 March 2024 (09:37:41 CET)

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This investigation aimed to explore the impact of acute and regular physical exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels in individuals with obesity. Using the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study design (PICOS) approach, the inclusion criteria were defined as follows: i) population - individuals with overweight or obesity of any age or gender; ii) intervention - acute or chronic interventions involving aerobic or anaerobic methodologies; iii) comparator - for acute effect studies, pre- and post-evaluations served as comparators, while interventions included at least one experimental group or the inclusion of a control group; iv) outcome - BDNF variability concerning the applied methodology; v) study design - restricted to experimental studies exclusively. Conducted in August 2022, the searches were carried out on PubMed, Academic Search Complete, and Web of Science. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS) tool. Out of 98 potentially relevant articles, 16 met the eligibility criteria, encompassing 23 trials. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for both acute (I2 = 80.4%) and long-term effects (I2 = 88.7%). Additionally, RoBANS analysis indicated a low risk of bias for the included studies. The study's findings revealed a significant increase in the concentration of circulating BDNF in individuals with obesity compared to the control group following acute exercise. However, such an effect was not evident in the context of long-term physical exercise, with a small effect size (ES = 0.49) recorded in the latter scenario. The observed significant increase in BDNF levels post-acute exercise suggests a potential acute response mechanism contributing to the intricate interplay between exercise and neurotrophic factors in this population. Nevertheless, the absence of a similar effect in the context of long-term physical exercise implies a potential adaptation or ceiling effect. These findings underscore the importance of considering both the duration and nature of exercise interventions when exploring the neurobiological responses associated with obesity and exercise. The study provides valuable insights for future research and clinical implications in understanding the nuanced relationship between exercise, neurotrophic factors, and obesity.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1252.v1

Comparison of BMD and TBS Scores in Patients with and without Vertebral Fractures and Thyroid Cancer with Long-Term TSH-Suppressed Therapy

Federico Hawkins Carranza, Cristina Martin-Arriscado Arroba, Maria begoña Lopez Alvarez, Soledad Librizzi, Guillermo Martinez Diaz-Guerra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: differentiated thyroid cancer; TSH suppression therapy; bone mineral density; Trabecular Bone Score; levothyroid

Online: 21 March 2024 (12:47:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1040.v1

Secreted Adipocytokines in Harvested Visceral Fat Differ over Age and Diet in Control and High-Fat Diet Fed Female C3H/Hej Mice

Noshin Mubtasim, Benjamin Barr, Caleb Boren, and Lauren Gollahon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Adipocytokines, Organoid culture, Ex-vivo white fat tissue culture, Diet-induced obesity, Aging, Adipocyte-secreted factors, Conditioned medium.

Online: 18 March 2024 (11:55:31 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0770.v1

SIRT1 Serum Concentrations in Lipodystrophic Syndromes

Luisa Salvatori, Giovanni Ceccarini, Silvia Magno, Rossella Tozzi, Savina Contini, Caterina Pelosini, Ferruccio Santini, Lucio Gnessi, Stefania Mariani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Keywords: Lipodystrophy syndromes; SIRT1; adipose tissue; adipokines

Online: 13 March 2024 (09:53:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0542.v1

A Simplified Screening Model to Predict the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Caucasian and Latin American Pregnant Women

María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez, Irene Serrano, Mateo Paz-Cabezas, Ana Barabash, Johanna Valerio, Laura Del Valle, Rocio Martin O´Connor, Verónica Melero, María Paz De Miguel Novoa, Angel Díiaz, Cristina Familiar, Inmaculada Moraga, Mario Pazos, Mercedes Martinez-Novillo, Miguel Ángel Rubio Herrera, Clara Marcuello, Ana M. Ramos-Leví, Pilar Matía-Martín, Alfonso Calle-Pascual

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; Caucasian; Latin American; age; body mass index; fasting plasma glucose; single-nucleotide polymorphisms.; women

Online: 11 March 2024 (09:29:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0362.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines-Related Endocrine Disorders: An Updated Narrative Review

Avraham Ishay, Kira Oleinikov, Elena Chertok Shacham

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: COVID-19; COVID-19 vaccines; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; endocrine adverse events; thyroid; pituitary; adrenal; diabetes; gonads

Online: 6 March 2024 (12:19:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0305.v1

Factors Associated with Length of Hospitalization in Diabetic Patients with Mild COVID-19: Experiences from a Tertiary University Center in Serbia

Vojislav M Ciric, Natasa Krsto Rancic, Milica M Pesic, Danijela B Radojkovic, Nikola Milenkovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: diabetes mellitus; COVID-19; hospitalization

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:56:49 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1593.v1

The Reasons for Low Uptake of New Antidiabetic Drugs with Cardiovascular Effects – a Family Doctor Perspective: Does Limited Applicability of Clinical Guidelines in Real-Life Practice Matter? A Narrative Review

Tomislav Kurevija, Dunja Šojat, Zvonimir Bosnić, Blerim Mujaj, Silvija Canecki-Varžić, Ljiljana Majnarić Trtica

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: type 2 diabetes; therapeutic inertia; clinical guidelines; sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors; glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; primary health care

Online: 28 February 2024 (10:53:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1618.v1

Cyto-Histological Profile of microRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Differenciated Thyroid Carcinomas

Maria de Lurdes Matos, Mafalda Pinto, Marta Alves, Sule Canberk, Ana Gonçalves, Maria João Bugalho, Ana Luísa Papoila, Paula Soares

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: microRNAs; miR-146b; miR-221; miR-222; miR-15a; differentiated thyroid carcinoma; papillary thyroid carcinoma; genetic mutations; TERTp; BRAF; RAS

Online: 28 February 2024 (08:15:18 CET)

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Introduction: The repertoire of microRNAs (miRNAs) in thyroid carcinomas starts to be elucidated. Among differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common. The assessment of miRNAs expression may contribute to refine the pre-surgical diagnosis, in order to obtain a personalized and more effective treatment of patients. Aims: This study aims to evaluated 1) miRNAs expression in a series of DTC, and the association with the presence of selected genetic mutations, in order to improve diagnosis and predict biologic behavior of DTC/PTC. 2) the reliability of molecular tests in Ultrasound-guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (US-FNAC) for a more precise preoperative diagnosis. Material and methods: This series includes 176 samples (98 cytology samples and 78 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues) obtained from 106 patients submitted to surgery, being 13 benign lesions (controls) and 93 DTCs (cases). The microRNA expression was assessed for miR-146b, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-15a by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the results were analyzed using the 2- ΔΔCT method, using miR16 as an endogenous control. The discriminative ability of miRNAs expression regarding PTC diagnosis was evaluated using the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). The association of miRNAs expression, clinicopatological features and genetic alterations (BRAF, RAS and TERTp) was evaluated in PTCs. Results/Discussion: All the analyzed miRNAs showed a tendency to be over expressed in DTCs/PTCs when compared with benign lesions, both in cytology and histology samples. In cytology, miRNAs expression levels were higher in malignant than in benign tumors. In histology, corresponding discriminative abilities regarding PTC diagnosis were: miR-146b (AUC0.94, 95%CI 0.87-1), miR-221 (AUC0.79, 95%CI 0.68-0.9), miR-222 (AUC0.76, 95%CI 0.63-0.89) and miR-15a (AUC0.85, 95%CI 0.74-0.97). miR-146b showed 89% sensitivity (se) and 87% specificity (sp); mi-R221 se=68.4, sp=90; miR222 se=73, sp=70, and mi-R15a se=72, sp=80. MicroRNAs were associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and tumor progression in PTCs (p < 0.05), particularly for miR-222. Our data reveals a significant association between higher expression levels of miR-146b, miR-221 and miR-222, with the presence of BRAF mutation (p<0.001), and miR-146b (p=0.016) and miR-221 (p=0.010) with the presence of RAS mutation, suggesting an interplay of these mutations with miRNAs expression. Although this study has a relatively small sample size, over expression of miRNAs in cytology may contribute to a more precise preoperative diagnosis. The miRNAs showed a good discriminative ability in PTC diagnosis. The association between the miRNAs expression profile and genetic alterations results could be useful for an accurate diagnosis of DTCs/PTCs in FNAC.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1579.v1

Overview of Ethnobotanical-Pharmacological Studies carried out on Medicinal Plants from the Serra da Estrela Natural Park

Radhia Aitfella Lahlou, Filomena Carvalho, Maria João Pereira, João Lopes, Luís R. Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Natural Park of Serra da Estrela; Botanical diversity; Medicinal plants; Diabetes prevention and treatment; Pharmacological applications; chemical composition.

Online: 27 February 2024 (16:02:34 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1529.v1

Ultrasound-Histopathological Presentation of Adolescent Patients with DICER1 Syndrome-Case Reports and Literature Overview

Dominika Januś, Monika Kujdowicz, Konrad Kaleta, Kamil Możdżeń, Jan Radliński, Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk, Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć, Marcin Maślanka, Wojciech J. Górecki, Jerzy Starzyk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: multinodular goiter; secondary amenorrhoea; , Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor; DICER1 syndrome; euthyroid goiter

Online: 27 February 2024 (12:24:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1417.v1

Harnessing the Synergy of SGLT2 Inhibitors and Continuous Ketone Monitoring (CKM) in Managing Heart Failure Among Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Nicola Tecce, Giorgio De Alteriis, Giulia de Alteriis, Ludovica Verde, Mario Felice Tecce, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: heart failure; type 1 diabetes; diabetic cardiomyopathy; hospitalization; HFpEF; HFrEF; SGLT2-i; sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors; diabetic ketoacidosis; epidemiologic studies; patient education; continuous monitoring of ketone levels; ketonemia

Online: 26 February 2024 (11:54:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1388.v1

Maternal Diabetes Mellitus and Neonatal Outcomes in Bisha: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Abdullah Alshomrany, Elhadi Miskeen, Jaber Alfaifi, Hassan Alshamrani, Abdulmohsen Alshahrani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Maternal diabetes mellitus; type 1 diabetes mellitus; type 2 diabetes mellitus; gestational diabetes mellitus; neonatal outcomes

Online: 23 February 2024 (16:21:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1288.v2

The SGLT2 Inhibitors Empagliflozin Alleviate Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting CTGF-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rats

Kuirong Ji, Xiaochun Zeng, Jianbin Wei, Lingyi Zhang, Lanxiang Hao, Mingliang Fan, Xiaomin Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: SGLT2 Inhibitors; Empagliflozin; Renal fibrosis; Connective tissue growth factor; Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Online: 23 February 2024 (13:25:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1344.v1

Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Vitamin D

Teodoro Durá-Travé, Fidel Gallinas Victoriano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies; Anti-thyroid peroxidase; Autoimmunity; Autoimmune thyroiditis; Hashimoto thyroiditis; Immune cells; Vitamin D; Vitamin D deficiency; Vitamin D supplementation

Online: 23 February 2024 (10:08:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1288.v1

The SGLT2 Inhibitors Empagliflozin Alleviate Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting CTGF-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rats

Kuirong Ji, Xiaochun Zeng, Jianbin Wei, Lingyi Zhang, Lanxiang Hao, Mingliang Fan, Xiaomin Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: SGLT2 Inhibitors; Empagliflozin; Renal fibrosis; Connective tissue growth factor; Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Online: 22 February 2024 (15:24:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1157.v1

Melatonin Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity by Mitigating Inflammation and Activating AMPK Signaling in a Mouse Model of Sleep Fragmentation

Seok Hyun Hong, Da-Been Lee, Jinkwan Kim, Dae-Wui Yoon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: sleep fragmentation; metabolic dysfunction; AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); melatonin

Online: 20 February 2024 (15:20:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1095.v1

Incident Cancer Risk of Patients With Prevalent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hungary (Part 2)

Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth, György Rokszin, Gábor Sütő, Ibolya Fábián, Zoltán Kiss, György Jermendy, Péter Kempler, Csaba Lengyel, István Wittmann, Gergő A. Molnár

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Diabetes mellitus (Type 2); cancer; incidence; epidemiology; age; odds ratio; annual percent change

Online: 20 February 2024 (07:04:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0969.v1

Gene Polymorphisms LEP, LEPR, 5HT2A, GHRL, NPY and FTO - Obesity Biomarkers in Metabolic Risk assessment: A Retrospective Pilot Study in Overweight and Obese Population in Romania

Ovidiu Nicolae Penes, Bernard Weber, Anca Lucia Pop, Mihaela Bodnarescu-Cobanoglu, Valentin Nicolae Varlas, Aleksandru Serkan Kucukberksun, Dragos Cretoiu, Roxana Georgiana Varlas, Cora Zetu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: genes; LEP; LEPR; GHRL; 5HTR2A; NPY; FTO; obesity; genotype; risk; cardiometabolic

Online: 19 February 2024 (11:50:18 CET)

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Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully revealed numerous susceptibility loci for obesity. PREDATORR study (2014) shows that in Romania, 34,6% of adults aged 20-79 y/o are overweight, 31,4% are obese with a high risk of cardiometabolic complications, a number that puts almost 67% of Romania's population in the abnormal weight group. Our study aims to investigate the current staus of genetic foundation in metabolic disease associated with obesity, applied to a pilot group of patients specifically examining the impact of known polymorphisms and their haplotype of six food intake-regulating genes: leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEP-R), serotonin receptor (5HTR2A), ghrelin (GHRL), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) with the following polymorphisms: LEP A-2548G, LEPR A-223G, 5HTR2A G-1439A, GHRL G-72T, NPY T-29063C, FTO A-T and body mass index (BMI). A notable link between the LEP-2548 rs7799039 gene's AG genotype and the risk of obesity was observed, particularly pronounced in males aged 40-49, with an approximately sevenfold increased likelihood of obesity. The 5HTR2A rs6311 AA genotype was associated with a higher BMI, not statistically significant. The FTO rs9939609 gene's AA genotype emerged as a significant predictor of obesity risk. Besides these significant findings, no substantial associations were observed with the LEPR, 5HTR2A, GHRL and NPY genes. Haplotype association analysis showed a suggestive indication of GRGMLA (rs7799039, rs1137101, rs6311, rs696217, rs16139, rs9939609 sequence) haplotype with susceptibility effect towards obesity predisposition. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed statistically significant associations between LEP and LEPR gene (p = 1e-04), LEP and GHRL gene (p = 0.0047), GHRL and FTO gene (p=0.03). The outcomes of this study, to our knowledge, one of the very few on the Romanian population, aimed to be a starting point for further research on the targeted interventional strategies to reduce cardiometabolic risks.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1034.v1

Incident Cancer Risk in Patients With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hungary (Part 1)

Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth, György Rokszin, Ibolya Fábián, Zoltán Kiss, György Jermendy, Péter Kempler, Csaba Lengyel, István Wittmann, Gergő A. Molnár, Gábor Sütő

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; epidemiology; cancer; incidence; new-onset diabetes

Online: 19 February 2024 (10:20:11 CET)

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Medicine and Pharmacology