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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0242.v1

Mechanisms of Basement Membrane Micro-Perforation During Cancer Cell Invasion Into a 3D Collagen Gel

Shayan S. Nazari, Andrew D. Doyle, Kenneth M. Yamada

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: hydrogel; 3D-culture; Imaging; Cell-matrix; proteases; matrix metalloproteinases; actin polymerization; contractility

Online: 12 August 2022 (12:55:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0203.v1

Neural Induction: the General Principle for Embryogenesis and Tumorigenesis

Ying Cao

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: neural induction; embryogenesis; tumorigenesis; conjoined twin; Spemann organizer; node; neural default model; neural stemness; tumorigenicity; pluripotency; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; tumor microenvironment

Online: 10 August 2022 (12:10:36 CEST)

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Some concepts/hypotheses have been proposed to explain the general rules behind the complexity of tumorigenesis. Characterization of the property of cancer cells and neural stem cells indicates that neural stemness underlies tumorigenicity and pluripotency, leading to the proposal that tumorigenesis represents a process of progressive loss of original cell identity and gain of neural stemness. This reminds of a most fundamental process required for the development of the nervous system and body axis during embryogenesis, i.e., embryonic neural induction. The principle of neural induction is that, in response to extracellular signals that are secreted by the Spemann-Mangold organizer in amphibians or the node in mammals and inhibit epidermal fate in ectoderm, the ectodermal cells assume the neural default fate and turn into neuroectodermal cells. These cells further differentiate into the nervous system and also some non-neural cells via interaction with adjacent tissues. Failure in neural induction leads to failure of embryogenesis, and ectopic neural induction due to ectopic organizer or node activity or activation of embryonic neural genes causes a formation of secondary body axis or conjoined twins. A similar principle underlies tumorigenesis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the core property of cancer cells is neural stemness. Therefore, cancer cells are cells with the loss of original cell identity and gain of neural stemness, and consequently tumorigenicity and pluripotency, due to various intra-/extracellular insults in postnatal animals. Unlike that pluripotent cells (embryonic pluripotent cells, neural stem cells and cancer cells) can differentiate and integrate into embryonic development, cancer cells are capable of self-renewal and differentiation, but cannot integrate into normal tissues in a 2 postnatal animal, ultimately leading to tumor formation. Neural induction and the unique property of neural stemness provide an inclusive explanation for embryogenesis, conjoined twin formation and tumorigenesis. Based on these findings, I discuss about some confusion in cancer research, e.g., epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and propose to distinguish the causality and associations, and the causal and supporting factors involved in tumorigenesis, and suggest revisiting the focus of cancer research. Integration of evidence from developmental and cancer biology indicates that neural stemness determines tumorigenicity and pluripotency, and neural induction drives embryogenesis in gastrulating embryos but a similar process drives tumorigenesis in a postnatal animal.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0423.v1

Is “Cellular Senescence” a Misnomer?

David Gems, Carina Kern

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Aging; cellular senescence; fibroblast; osteoarthritis; remodeling-associated secretory phenotype (RASP); remodeling activation

Online: 27 July 2022 (13:38:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0376.v1

Information Theory as an Experimental Tool for Integrating Disparate Biophysical Signaling Modules

Patrick McMillen, Michael Levin

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: information theory; embryogenesis; regeneration; cell biology; morphogenesis; calcium

Online: 25 July 2022 (12:35:28 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0106.v2

MRTF May Be the Missing Link in a Multiscale Mechanobiology Approach toward Macrophage Dysfunction in Space

Rocky An

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: mechanobiology; microgravity; macrophage; multiscale; MRTF; radiation

Online: 18 July 2022 (10:59:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0167.v1

Cryobanking European Mink (Mustela lutreola) Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Oocytes

Alexandra Calle, Miguel Ángel Ramírez

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: European mink; ex situ conservation; biobank; mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

Online: 12 July 2022 (04:04:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0160.v1

NIH SenNet Consortium: Mapping Senescent Cells in the Human Body to Understand Health and Disease

Patty Lee, Philip Blood, Katy Börner, Judith Campisi, Feng Chen, Heike Daldrup-Link, Phil De Jager, Li Ding, Francesca E. Duncan, Oliver Eickelberg, Rong Fan, Toren Finkel, Vesna Garovic, Nils Gehlenborg, Carolyn Glass, Ziv Bar-Joseph, Pragati Katiyar, So-Jin Kim, Melanie Königshoff, George Kuchel, Haesung Lee, Jun H. Lee, Jian Ma, Qin Ma, Simon Melov, Kay Metis, Ana L. Mora, Nicolas Musi, Nicola Neretti, João F. Passos, Irfan Rahman, Juan Carlos Rivera-Mulia, Paul Robson, Mauricio Rojas, Ananda L. Roy, Birgit Schilling, Pixu Shi, Jonathan Silverstein, Vidyani Suryadevera, Jichun Xie, Jinhua Wang, An-Kwok Ian Wong, Laura Niedernhofer

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Cellular Senescence Network; Normal Aging; Senescence; Senescence-associated secretory phenotype; SenNet

Online: 11 July 2022 (12:12:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0152.v1

Deregulation of Mitochondrial Calcium Handling Due to Presenilin Loss Disrupts Redox Homeostasis and Promotes Neuronal Dysfunction

Kerry C. Ryan, Jocelyn T. Laboy, Kenneth R. Norman

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; oxidative stress; presenilin; mitochondria; calcium; neuronal dysfunction; Nrf2

Online: 11 July 2022 (08:03:08 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0106.v1

MRTF May Be the Missing Link in a Multiscale Mechanobiology Approach toward Macrophage Dysfunction in Space

Rocky An

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: mechanobiology; microgravity; macrophage; multiscale; MRTF; radiation

Online: 7 July 2022 (04:08:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0234.v1

Alcohol Dependence Induces CRF Sensitivity in Female Central Amygdala GABA Synapses

Larry Rodriguez, Dean Kirson, Sarah A. Wolfe, Reesha R. Patel, Florence P. Varodayan, Angela E. Snyder, Pauravi J. Gandhi, Sophia Khom, Roman Vlkolinksy, Michal Bajo, Marisa Roberto

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: corticotropin releasing factor (CRF); patch-clamp electrophysiology; sex difference; alcohol use disorder (AUD); Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA); central amygdala (CeA); spontaneous inhibitory post synaptic currents (sIPSCs)

Online: 16 June 2022 (08:41:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0165.v1

A New Transgenic Tool to Study the Ret Signaling Pathway in the Enteric Nervous System

Ashoka Bandla, Ellie Melancon, Charlotte Taylor, Judith S Eisen, Julia Ganz

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Hirschsprung Disease; neuronal development; enteric neuron; enteric progenitor cell; zebrafish; ENS neuropathies

Online: 13 June 2022 (03:48:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0095.v1

Optimization of Mechanosensitive Cross-talk between Matrix Stiffness and Protein Density: Independent Matrix Properties Regulate Spreading Dynamics of Myocytes

Judith Brock, Julia Erhardt, Stephan A. Eisler, Marcel Hörning

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: mechanosensitivity; proliferation; myocyte; actincytoskeleton; extracellular matrix; L-DOPA

Online: 7 June 2022 (08:05:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0256.v1

Enhancement of Neuroglial Extracellular Matrix Formation and Physiological Activity of Dopaminergic Neural Cocultures by Macromolecular Crowding

Srikanya Kundu, Andy N. Vo, Caroline Strong, Olive Jung, Emily Lee, Min Jae Song, Molly E. Boutin, Michael Raghunath, Marc Ferrer

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Extracellular matrices; Macromolecular crowding; human iPSC derived astrocytes; human iPSC derived dopaminergic neurons; drug testing

Online: 19 May 2022 (08:50:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0217.v1

Longevity, Aging and Cancer: Thermodynamics and Complexity

J.M. Nieto-Villar, R. Mansilla

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: longevity; aging; cancer; complex systems; non-equilibrium thermodynamics; biological phase transition; ferroptosis

Online: 17 May 2022 (03:16:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0033.v1

Clpp-Deletion Causes Azoospermia, with Meiosis-I Delay and Insufficient Biosynthesis of Spermatid Factors, Due to Mitochondrial Dysfunction with Accumulation of Perrault Proteins ERAL1, PEO1, and HARS2

Suzana Gispert, Jana Key, Aneesha Kohli, Sylvia Torres-Odio, Gabriele Koepf, Shady Amr, Marina Reichlmeir, Patrick N. Harter, A. Phillip West, Christian Münch, Georg Auburger

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: meiosis-I; zygotene-pachytene; homologous recombination; H3K9ac; acetyl-tubulin; Twinkle helicase; RMND1; tRNA /rRNA processing; cGAS-STING signaling

Online: 5 May 2022 (10:41:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0307.v1

Novel Cell Receptor System of Eukaryotes Formed by Previously Unknown Nucleic Acid-Based Receptors

Victor Tetz, George Tetz

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: receptors; extracellular DNA; cell-surface bound DNA; cell-surface bound RNA

Online: 29 April 2022 (15:04:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0150.v1

Genetic interaction of Thm2 and Thm1 Shapes Postnatal Craniofacial Bone

Erin Bumann, Portia Hahn Leat, Henry Wang, Brittany Hufft-Martinez, Wei Wang, Pamela Tran

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Ttc21a; Ttc21b; mouse knock-out; jaw; facial bone; viscerocranium; Hh signaling

Online: 16 April 2022 (03:36:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0084.v1

How to Heal the Gut’s Brain: Regeneration of the Enteric Nervous System

Helen Rueckert, Julia Ganz

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: enteric progenitor cell; zebrafish; inflammation; Hirschsprung Disease; neural crest cell; ENS neuropathies

Online: 9 April 2022 (01:49:53 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0070.v1

Single Ion Channel Recording in 3D Culture of Stem Cells Using Patch-Clamp Technique

Vladislav I. Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin, Anastasia V. Sudarikova, Mariia A. Shorokhova, Valeria Y. Vasileva, Zuleikha M. Khairullina, Yuri A. Negulyaev

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: 3D cell culture; patch-clamp; spheroids; single-channel recording; ion channels; mesenchymal stem cells

Online: 8 April 2022 (03:29:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0143.v1

Physiological Oxygen Causes the Release of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells with Possible Roles in Maintaining Self-Renewal and Pluripotency

Sara Barreto, Mohammed A. Al-Zubaidi, Tina P. Dale, Amy J. Worrall, Zoher Kapacee, Susan J. Kimber, Josep Sulé-Suso, Nicholas R. Forsyth, Abigail V. Rutter

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: human pluripotent stem cells; human embryonic stem cells; human induced pluripotent stem cells; cellular metabolism; oxygen; self-renewal; pluripotency; differentiation; volatile organic compounds; Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry

Online: 10 March 2022 (10:23:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0001.v1

Curcumin and Ethanol Effects in Trembler-J Schwann Cell Culture

Lucia Vázquez Alberdi, Gonzalo Rosso, Lucía Velóz, Carlos Romeo, Joaquina Farias, María Vittoria Di Tomaso, Miguel Calero, Alejandra Kun

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: CMT1E; Trembler-J; curcumin; Hsps; autophagy; mTOR

Online: 1 March 2022 (02:52:34 CET)

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Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) syndrome is the most common progressive human motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy. CMT type 1E is a demyelinating neuropathy affecting Schwann cells due to pmp22 mutations, modelized by Trembler-J mice. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol com-pound obtained from turmeric (Curcuma longa), exhibits dose- and time-varying antitumor, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, however, the neurotherapeutic actions of curcumin still remain elusive. Here, we propose curcumin as a possible natural treatment capable of enhancing cellular detoxification mechanisms, resulting in an improvement of the neurodegenerative Trembler-J phenotype. Using a refined method for obtaining enriched Schwann cell cultures, we evaluated the neurotherapeutic action of low dose curcumin treatment on the PMP22 expression, and on the chaperones (HSF1 and Hsp27) and autophagy/mTOR (HDAC6 and ribosomes) pathways in Trembler-J and wild-type genotypes. In wild-type Schwann cells, the action of cur-cumin resulted in strong stimulation of the chaperone and macroautophagy pathway, whereas the modulation of ribophagy showed a mild effect. However, despite the promising neuroprotective effects for the treatment of neurological diseases, we report (demonstrate?) that the action of cur-cumin in Trembler-J Schwann cells could be impaired due to the irreversible impact of ethanol used as a common curcumin vehicle necessary for administration. These results contribute to expand our still limited understanding of PMP22 biology in neurobiology, and expose the intrinsic lability of the neurodegenerative Trembler-J genotype. Furthermore, they unravel interesting physiological mechanisms of cellular resilience relevant for to the pharmacological treatment of the neurodegenerative Tremble J phenotype with curcumin and ethanol. We conclude that the analysis of the effects of the vehicle itself is an essential and in-escapable step to comprehensibly assess the own effects and full potential of curcumin treatment for therapeutic purposes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0149.v3

Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Electromagnetic Fields at 27 GHz on Sperm Quality of Mytilus galloprovincialis

Roberta Pecoraro, Santi Concetto Pavone, Elena Maria Scalisi, Carmen Sica, Sara Ignoto, Martina Contino, Antonio Salvaggio, Gino Sorbello, Loreto Di Donato, Maria Violetta Brundo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Mussel; vitality; motility; millimeter waves; SAR

Online: 28 February 2022 (09:55:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0265.v1

Female Mice Susceptibility to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia

Noelia Rodríguez-Iglesias, Agnès Nadjar, Amanda Sierra, Jorge Valero

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: adult neurogenesis; dentate gyrus; diet; microglia; bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide; LPS; Omega 3; polyunsaturated fatty acids; sexual dimorphism; systemic inflammation

Online: 22 February 2022 (09:44:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0149.v2

Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Electromagnetic Fields at 27 GHz on Sperm Quality of Mytilus galloprovincialis

Roberta Pecoraro, Santi Concetto Pavone, Elena Maria Scalisi, Carmen Sica, Sara Ignoto, Martina Contino, Antonio Salvaggio, Gino Sorbello, Loreto Di Donato, Maria Violetta Brundo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Mussel; vitality; motility; millimeter waves; SAR

Online: 11 February 2022 (14:51:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0304.v1

Effect of Nr1d1 on Serpina3 Mediated Cell Senescence by Nuclear Receptor Nr4a3 in Mouse Heart-Derived Sca-1+CD31− Cells

Shiming Pu, Qian Wang, Qin Liu, Hongxia Zhao, Zuping Zhou, Qiong Wu

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Sca-1+CD31− cells; Nr1d1; cell senescence; Serpina3; Nr4a3

Online: 20 January 2022 (11:24:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0373.v2

Tracking of Melanoma Cell Plasticity by Transcriptional Reporters

Anna Vidal, Torben Redmer

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Transcriptional reporters; Plasticity; Stemness; NGFR

Online: 13 January 2022 (12:43:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0155.v1

Image based annotation of Chemogenomic Libraries for Phenotypic Screening

Amelie Tjaden, Apirat Chaikuad, Eric Kowarz, Rolf Marschalek, Stefan Knapp, Martin Schröder, Susanne Müller

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Phenotypic Screening; High Content Imaging; Chemogenomics; Machine Learning; Cell cycle

Online: 11 January 2022 (23:53:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0149.v1

Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Electromagnetic Fields to 27 GHz on Sperm Quality of Mytilus galloprovincialis

Roberta Pecoraro, Santi Concetto Pavone, Elena Maria Scalisi, Carmen Sica, Sara Ignoto, Martina Contino, Antonio Salvaggio, Gino Sorbello, Loreto Di Donato, Maria Violetta Brundo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Mussel; spermatozoa; millimeter waves; ROS

Online: 11 January 2022 (15:45:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0136.v1

Multimarker Approach to Evaluate the Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields at 27 GHz (5g) On Danio rerio larvae

Roberta Pecoraro, Santi Concetto Pavone, Elena Maria Scalisi, Sara Ignoto, Carmen Sica, Fabiano Capparucci, Carmelo Iaria, Antonio Salvaggio, Gino Sorbello, Loreto Di Donato, Maria Violetta Brundo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: millimeter waves; zebrafish; DanioScope; biomarkers of exposure; SAR.

Online: 11 January 2022 (12:22:42 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0117.v1

Targeting GPCRs & their Signaling as a Therapeutic Option in Melanoma

Jeremy H Raymond, Zackie Aktary, Lionel Larue, Véronique Delmas

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: G protein-coupled receptor; mouse models; skin cancer; UVR; drug; network

Online: 10 January 2022 (13:41:08 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0087.v1

Exploring Mitochondrial Localization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by Padlock Assay. A Pilot Study in Human Placenta

Maria Grazia Di Certo, Francesca Gabanella, Christian Barbato, Nicoletta Corbi, Marco Fiore, Carla Petrella, Marco de Vincentiis, Antonio Greco, Giampiero Ferraguti, Alessandro Corsi, Massimo Ralli, Irene Pecorella, Cira R.T. Di Gioia, Francesco Pecorini, Roberto Brunelli, Claudio Passananti, Antonio Minni

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 RNA; mitochondria; placenta; padlock

Online: 6 January 2022 (12:35:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0029.v1

In Vitro Methods for Measuring the Permeability of Cell Monolayers

Radoslaw Bednarek

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: permeability; endothelium; epithelium; dysfunction; transendothelial resistance; fluorescent tracer; microfluidics

Online: 5 January 2022 (10:31:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0373.v1

Tracking of Melanoma Cell Plasticity by Transcriptional Reporters

Anna Vidal, Torben Redmer

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Transcriptional reporters 1; Plasticity 2; Stemness 3; NGFR 4

Online: 22 December 2021 (15:04:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0271.v1

Komagataella phaffii Cue5 Piggybacks on Lipid Droplets for Its Vacuolar Degradation During Stationary Phase Lipophagy

Ravinder Kumar, Ankit Shroff, Taras Y. Nazarko

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: CUE; Cue5; Komagataella phaffii; lipid droplets; lipophagy; Pichia pastoris; Prl1; selective autophagy; stationary phase; yeast

Online: 16 December 2021 (12:09:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0267.v1

Elovl2-Ablation Leads to Mitochondrial Membrane Fatty Acid Remodeling and Reduced Efficiency in Mouse Liver Mitochondria

Alexia Gómez Rodríguez, Emanuela Talamonti, Alba Naudi, Anastasia V. Kalinovich, Anna M. Pauter, Gustavo Barja, Tore Bengtsson, Anders Jacobsson, Reinald Pamplona, Irina G. Shabalina

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) deficiency; mitochondrial function; polyunsaturated fatty acids; membrane permeabilization; oxidative damage markers; adenine nucleotide translocase

Online: 16 December 2021 (10:57:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0262.v1

The Multifaceted Role of Connexins in Tumor Microenvironment Initiation and Maintaining

Olga Kutova, Anton Pospelov, Irina Balalaeva

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: tumor microenvironment; connexins; cell-cell contacts; tumor stroma; carcinogenesis; tumor development; metastasis

Online: 16 December 2021 (08:12:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0063.v1

Challenging the Current Paradigm of Liquid Biopsy Through Dielectrophoresis (DEP) In Prostate Cancer

Giorgio I. Russo, Nicolò Musso, Alessandra Romano, Giuseppe Caruso, Salvatore Petralia, Luca Lanzanò, Giuseppe Broggi, Massimo Camarda

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: circulating tumor cells; dielectrophoresis; prostate cancer; detection; prognosis

Online: 6 December 2021 (12:03:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0033.v1

Differential Lysotracker Uptake Defines Two Populations of Distal Epithelial Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Roxana Maria Wasnick, Irina Shalashova, Jochen Wilhelm, Ali Khadim, Nicolai Schmidt, Holger Hackstein, Andreas Hecker, Konrad Hoetzenecker, Werner Seeger, Saverio Bellusci, Elie El Agha, Clemens Ruppert, Andreas Guenther

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: IPF; alveolar epithelial cells; intermediate epithelial cells; transitional states, lysotracker; flow cytometry; lung transcriptomic profile, CK5; NGFR; CD24

Online: 2 December 2021 (11:38:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0509.v1

The Evolution of Hox Genes in Spiralia

Andreas Hejnol, Ludwik Gasiorowski, Jose-Maria Martin-Duran

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: hox genes; gene cluster; larva; evolutionary novelties; Spiralia; Lophotrochozoa; Annelida; Rotifera

Online: 26 November 2021 (13:28:22 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0017.v1

Deficiency of MMP-10 Aggravates the Diseased Phenotype of Aged Dystrophic Mice

Arantxa Baraibar Churio, Miriam Bobadilla, Neira Sainz, Florencio JD Machado, Josune Orbe, and Ana Pérez-Ruiz

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: matrix metalloproteases; muscular dystrophy; skeletal muscle; cardiac muscle

Online: 1 November 2021 (12:56:58 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0251.v1

Developmental Acquisition of p53 Functions

Sushil K. Jaiswal, Sonam Raj, Melvin L. DePamphilis

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: pluripotent; embryo; stem cells; genomic stability; cell cycle; apoptosis; differentiation; cancer

Online: 18 October 2021 (15:12:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0168.v1

With or Without You: Co-chaperones Mediate Health and Disease by Modifying Chaperone Function and Protein Triage

Selin Altinok, Rebekah Sanchez-Hodge, Mariah Stewart, Kaitlan Smith, Jonathan C. Schisler

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: heat shock proteins; co-chaperones; protein quality control; protein folding; protein degradation; cardioprotection; neuroprotection; cancer

Online: 11 October 2021 (14:38:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0130.v1

Viral Membrane Fusion Proteins and RNA Sorting Mechanisms for the Molecular Delivery by Exosomes

Ilya Zubarev, Dmitry Vladimirtsev, Maria Vorontsova, Igor Blatov, Konstantin Shevchenko, Svetlana Zvereva, Evgeniy A. Lunev, Evgeny Faizuloev, Nikolay Barlev

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: fusion protein; extracellular vesicles; target delivery; RNA sorting

Online: 8 October 2021 (09:21:36 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Comparative Functions of the Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Secretome Across Species through Neurodevelopment and Disease

Tyler Dause, Jiyeon Denninger, Bryon Smith, Elizabeth Kirby

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Neural Stem Cell; Secretome; Neurodevelopment; Radial Glia; Neural Progenitor Cell

Online: 4 October 2021 (12:25:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0039.v1

Evaluating the Death and Recovery of Lateral Line Hair Cells Following Repeated Neomycin Treatments

Alexandra Venuto, Timothy Erickson

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: zebrafish; lateral line; neuromast; hair cell; ototoxicity; toxicity; regeneration; cell death; neomycin; aminoglycosides

Online: 4 October 2021 (10:27:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0453.v1

Physical bases of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, Dosimetry, and Its Mechanisms of Action - Critical Overview of the Literature

Dominika Skwierawska, Marcin Balcerzyk, Jose Antonio Lopez-Valverde, Antonio Leal

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT); boron imaging; biological dosimetry; radiation therapy

Online: 27 September 2021 (15:07:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0402.v1

ELTD1 Activation Induces an Endothelial-EMT Transition to a Myofibroblast Phenotype

Helen Sheldon, John Alexander, Esther M. Bridges, Lucia Moreira, Svetlana Reilly, Koon Hwee Ang, Dian Wang, Salwa Lin, Syed Haider, Alison H. Banham, Adrian L. Harris

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: ELTD1; EMT; pro-angiogenic; myofibroblast

Online: 23 September 2021 (11:34:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0340.v1

Long-term Transplant Effects of iPSC-RPE Monolayer in Immunodeficient RCS Rats

Deepthi S. Rajendran Nair, Danhong Zhu, Ruchi Sharma, Juan Carlos Martinez Camarillo, Kapil Bharti, David R. Hinton, Mark S. Humayun, Biju B. Thomas

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: iPSC-RPE; retinal pigment epithelium; immunodeficient RCS rat; ultrathin parylene; retinal degeneration; retinal transplantation

Online: 20 September 2021 (15:31:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0179.v1

Δ9–Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-Rich Compositions from Cannabis Have Cytotoxic Activity Against Ovarian Cancer Cells and Act Synergistically With Niraparib in vitro

Nurit Shalev, Michelle Kendall, Seegehalli M Anil, Ajjampura C Vinayaka, Hinanit Koltai

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: ovarian cancer; cannabis; phytocannabinoids; apoptosis; cytotoxicity; cell cycle; MAPK4; PARP1

Online: 9 September 2021 (11:57:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0167.v1

Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cell Death and Inflammation

Rahul Sanwlani, Lahiru Gangoda

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: extracellular vesicles; exosomes; microvesicles; apoptotic bodies; apoptotic extracellular vesicles; cell death; inflammation; sepsis; lung inflammatory disorders; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 9 September 2021 (10:31:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0063.v1

At a Crossroads to Cancer: How p53-induced Cell Fate Decisions Secure Genome Integrity

Dario Rizzotto, Lukas Englmaier, Andreas Villunger

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: p53; genomic stability; cell death

Online: 3 September 2021 (13:13:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0552.v1

The Hyperfunction Theory: An Emerging Paradigm for the Biology of Aging

David Gems

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: antagonistic pleiotropy; insulin/IGF-1 signalling; hyperfunction; quasi-programs; mTOR; theories of aging; programmatic aging

Online: 30 August 2021 (16:11:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0157.v1

Ventricular Septation and Outflow Tract Development in Crocodilians Result in Two Aortas With Bicuspid Semilunar Valves

Robert Poelmann, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Charissa Goerdajal, Nimrat Grewal, Merijn A.G. de Bakker, Michael K. Richardson

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: reptile, ventricular septation, endocardial cushions, semilunar valves, outflow tract, cartilage, foramen of Panizza, left aorta, right aorta, pulmonary trunk, pharyngeal arch arteries, coronary arter

Online: 6 August 2021 (11:08:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0010.v1

Fibronectin: Molecular Structure, Fibrillar Structure, and Mechanochemical Signaling

Caleb J. Dalton, Christopher A. Lemmon

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: fibronectin; fibrillogenesis; extracellular matrix; biomechanics; mechanobiology

Online: 2 August 2021 (09:45:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0384.v1

No Time to Age: Uncoupling Aging from Chronological Time

Dana Larocca, Jieun Lee, Michael D West, Ivan Labat, Hal Sternberg

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Aging; cellular clocks; reprogramming; development; epigenetics; DNA methylation; telomeres; transposable elements; longevity; regeneration

Online: 14 April 2021 (14:15:26 CEST)

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Working Paper HYPOTHESIS

The Daphnia Carapace and the Origin of Novel Structures

Heather Bruce

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: novelty; arthropod; appendages; Parhyale; Tribolium; Daphnia; carapace

Online: 5 March 2021 (11:32:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0272.v1

Metabolic Reprogramming, Meaning and Implications

Pierre Jacquet, Angélique Stéphanou

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Metabolic reprogramming; Warburg effect; Cancer metabolism

Online: 14 January 2021 (13:30:44 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0443.v1

Preparing for Tenure at a Research-Intensive University

Michael Boyce, Renato Aguilera

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: tenure preparation; biomedical faculty

Online: 18 December 2020 (07:22:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0277.v2

NKX6.1 Transcription Factor: A Crucial Regulator of Pancreatic β-Cell Development, Identity, and Proliferation

Idil Aigha, Essam Abdelalim

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Diabetes; transcription factor; β-cell mass; pluripotent stem cells; pancreatic progenitors; cell therapy

Online: 19 October 2020 (16:04:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0547.v1

Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells in Ischemic Disease: Strategies to Improve Their Regenerative Efficacy

Pawan Faris, Sharon Negri, Angelica Perna, Vittorio Rosti, Germano Guerra, Francesco Moccia

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: cardiovascular disease; ischemic disease; therapeutic angiogenesis; endothelial colony forming cells; signaling pathways; genetic modification; pharmacological conditioning

Online: 23 September 2020 (09:42:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0531.v1

Cell Membrane Rupture: A Novel Test Reveals Significant Variations Among Different Brands of Tissue Culture Flasks

Ruy Tchao

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: polystyrene; tissue culture; cell membrane stability

Online: 23 September 2020 (03:46:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0192.v1

Cx43 and Associated Cell Signaling Pathways Regulate Tunneling Nanotubes in Breast Cancer Cells

Alexander Tishchenko, Daniel Domínguez Azorín, Laia Vidal-Brime, María José Muñoz, Pol Jiménez Arenas, Christopher Pearce, Henrique Girao, Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Trond Aasen

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: connexin 43; gap junctions; cancer; intercellular communication; breast cancer; cell signaling; tunneling nanotubes; cell–cell communication; tumor microtubes

Online: 9 September 2020 (03:09:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0670.v1

Histological Analysis, Bioinformatics Profile, and Expression of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) in Bovine Testes

Seth Yaw Afedo, Yan Cui, Sijiu Yu, Bo Liao, Zihan Zhao, Hui Li, Huizhu Zhang, Shengnan Zou, De Hong Li, Peng Zhang

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: MTHFR; bovine; bioinformatics; gene expression; testes

Online: 30 August 2020 (15:00:47 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0451.v1

The Molecular Interactome of the Centriole, Cell Cycle and Ciliary Proteins Modulates Cell Mass Growth and Structural Organization During Development in Metazoans

Roopasree OJ, Adivitiya ., Soura Chakraborty, Suneel Kateriya, Shobi Veleri

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Metazoa; body plan; developmental pathways; limb development; Shh; centriole; cell division; cilia; centriole gene expression

Online: 20 August 2020 (09:49:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0403.v1

Characterization of Hematopoiesis in Sickle Cell Disease by Prospective Isolation of Stem and Progenitor Cells

Seda S Tolu, Kai Wang, Zi Yan, Shouping Zhang, Karl Roberts, Andrew Crouch, Gracy Sebastian, Mark Chaitowitz, Eric D. Fornari, Evan M Schwechter, Joan Uehlinger, Deepa Manwani, Caterina Minniti, Eric E Bouhassira

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: sickle cell disease; hematopoietic stem cells; hydroxyurea; transfusion

Online: 19 August 2020 (08:38:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0216.v1

Organotypic Culture of Acinar Cells for the Study of Pancreatic Cancer Initiation

Alessandro Carrer, Carlotta Paoli

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: pancreas; pancreatic cancer; acinar-to-ductal metaplasia; organotypic culture; KRAS; metabolic reprogramming; epigenetic reprogramming

Online: 8 August 2020 (18:24:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0091.v1

A Simple Differentiation Protocol for Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons for Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia Disease Modeling

Sonia Sanz Muñoz, Martin Engel, Rachelle Balez, Dzung Do-Ha, Mauricio Castro Cabral-Da-Silva, Damian Hernández, Tracey Berg, Jennifer Fifita, Natalie Grima, Shu Yang, Ian Blair, Garth Nicholson, Anthony Cook, Alex Hewitt, Alice Pébay, Lezanne Ooi

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: induced pluripotent stem cells; disease modelling; neuronal differentiation; cholinergic neurons; Alzheimer’s disease; frontotemporal dementia

Online: 4 August 2020 (11:17:44 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Evaluation of Biochemical, Hematological and Antioxidant Properties in Mice Exposed to a Triherbal (Nigella sativa, Carica papaya and Boswellia sacra) Formular

Kehinde Sowunmi, Sofiyah Modupeola Adebayo, Ayobami Lawal Adesiyan, Ayomikun Emmanuel Kade, Gurpreet Kaur

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Nigella sativa; Carica papaya; Boswellia sacra; Antioxidant and Haematology

Online: 3 August 2020 (08:48:27 CEST)

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Nigella sativa, Carica papaya and Boswellia sacra are medicinal plants in the commonly used in folkloric medicine due to the presence of its immense therapeutic properties. Fifty (50) female albino mice weighing between 15-22g were divided into five groups of 10 mice each. Animal in group 1 served as control group and were administered distilled water while animal in group 2 were given 2ml of cisplatin (orally). Animal in group 3-5 were given orally; 100 mg/kg (low dose), 200 mg/kg (medium dose) and 400 mg/kg (high dose) of triherbal preparation. The feeding regimens lasted for 28 days. After 28 days, mammary gland and blood samples were collected for haematological and antioxidant analysis. The triherbal formula decreased the GSH and MDA levels of mice treated with 100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses compare to control. The measurement of total protein content, SOD and CAT increased in treated animals compared to control. However, RBC (Red Blood Cell) counts significantly decreased in the low, medium and high dose groups (0.95±0.08, 6.57±0.08 and 3.55±0.55 x 106 cells/mm3 respectively) compared to control (7.34±0.40) at P<0.05. Also, significant decreases (P<0.05) in the level of the total WBC (White Blood Cell) count, platelet count, PCV (Packed Cell Volume) and Hb (haemoglobin) concentration were observed. The decreases were dose dependent. The MCH (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin) and MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration) except MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) significantly decreased in treated group only. The triherbal formulation exhibited significant antioxidant activities showing increased levels of SOD, CAT and Protein content due to activation of the enzyme involve in detoxification of free radicals and decreased in the level of GSH and MDA due to accumulation of peroxides and H2O2. Also, decreased in haematological parameters due to the presence of phytochemicals such as phenol, resins, saponins, sterols, tannis and terpenes in the triherbal formula. Therefore, it has potential to induce haematotoxicity hence consumption of high concentrations should be discouraged.

Working Paper REVIEW

Integrating Single Cell RNA-Sequencing and Functional Assays to Decipher Mammary Cell States and Lineage Hierarchies

Joseph L. Regan, Matthew J. Smalley

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: stem cells; luminal progenitors; mammary; breast; cell hierarchy; differentiation; single cell RNA-sequencing; lineage tracing; c-Kit

Online: 31 July 2020 (02:56:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0645.v1

Heat Stress Modulates the GSK-3β Levels and Tau Phosphorylation

Tushar Dubey, Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Tau phosphorylation; Heat stress; GSK-3β

Online: 26 July 2020 (17:04:50 CEST)

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Working Paper HYPOTHESIS

Unveiling Human Non-random Genome Editing Mechanisms Activated in Response to Chronic Environmental Changes. I. Where Might These Mechanisms Come From?

Loris Zamai

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: environment; virus; pollutant; evolution; exaptation; stem cells; transposons; APOBEC; ADAR,; ORF2p; cancer; Eco-Evo-Devo; symbiosis; ecological genomics; environmental stress; genetic recombination; biological plasticity; hypermutation; epigenetics; fractal systems; natural selection

Online: 19 July 2020 (19:35:46 CEST)

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This article challenges the notion of the randomness of mutations in eukaryotic cells by unveiling stress-induced human non-random genome editing mechanisms. To account for the existence of such mechanisms, I have developed molecular concepts of the cell environment and cell environmental stressors and, making use of a large quantity of published data, hypothesized the origin of some crucial biological leaps along the evolutionary path of life on Earth under the pressure of natural selection, in particular, 1) virus-cell mating as a primordial form of sexual recombination and symbiosis; 2) Lamarckian CRISPR-Cas systems; 3) eukaryotic gene development; 4) antiviral activity of retrotransposon-guided mutagenic enzymes and finally; 5) the exaptation of antiviral mutagenic mechanisms to stress-induced genome editing mechanisms directed at “hypertranscribed” endogenous genes. Genes transcribed at their maximum rate (hypertranscribed), yet still unable to meet new chronic environmental demands generated by “pollution”, are inadequate and generate more and more intronic retrotransposon transcripts. In this scenario, RNA-guided mutagenic enzymes (e.g. AID/APOBECs), which have been shown to bind to retrotransposon RNA-repetitive sequences, would be surgically targeted by intronic retrotransposons on opened chromatin regions of the same “hypertranscribed” genes. RNA-guided mutagenic enzymes may therefore “Lamarkianly” generate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and copy number variations (CNV), as well as transposon transposition and chromosomal translocations in the restricted areas of hyperfunctional and inadequate genes, leaving intact the rest of the genome. CNV and SNP of hypertranscribed genes may allow cells to surgically explore a new fitness scenario, which increases their adaptability to stressful environmental conditions. Like the mechanisms of immunoglobulin somatic hypermutation, non-random genome editing mechanisms may generate several cell mutants, and those codifying for the most environmentally-adequate proteins would have a survival advantage and would therefore be Darwinianly selected. Non-random genome editing mechanisms represent a link between environmental changes and biological novelty and plasticity, and provide a molecular basis to reconcile gene-centered and “ecological” views of evolution.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0344.v1

Proteotoxic Stress and Cell Death in Cancer Cells

Claudio Brancolini, Luca Iuliano

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: UPR; NOXA; DR5; BCL2; apoptosis; necroptosis; ferroptosis; proteotoxic

Online: 16 July 2020 (07:41:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0022.v1

Seven Challenges in the Multiscale Modelling of Multicellular Tissues

Alexander Fletcher, James Osborne

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Multiscale modelling; cell-based modelling; computational biology; multicellular systems biology

Online: 3 July 2020 (08:43:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0277.v1

NKX6.1 Transcription Factor: A Crucial Regulator of Pancreatic β-Cell Development, Identity, and Proliferation

Idil I. Aigha, Essam M. Abdelalim

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Diabetes; transcription factor; β-cell mass; pluripotent stem cells; pancreatic progenitors; cell therapy

Online: 21 June 2020 (14:55:19 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Prostaglandin D₂ Strengthens Human Endothelial Barrier by Activation of E-type Receptor 4

Sonja Rittchen, Kathrin Rohrer, Wolfgang Platzer, Eva Knuplez, Reham Atallah, Neha Sharma, Chandran Nagaraj, Akos Heinemann

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Prostaglandin D2; BW245c; prostanoid signalling; EP4 receptor; endothelial barrier; barrier disruption; microvascular endothelium

Online: 12 June 2020 (05:05:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0293.v1

Microgravity, Bone Homeostasis, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1

John Kelly Smith

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Insulin-like growth factor-1; Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor; microgravity; osteoblasts; osteocytes; osteoclasts; IGF-1; IGF1R; rIGF-1

Online: 18 May 2020 (03:31:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0222.v1

How Does Protein Zero Assemble Compact Myelin?

Arne Raasakka, Petri Kursula

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: myelin; myelination; development; peripheral neuropathies; protein folding; transmembrane protein; protein-membrane interaction; protein-protein interaction

Online: 13 May 2020 (04:51:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0195.v1

Single-Cell RNA-seq Identifies Cell Subsets in Human Placenta That Highly Expresses Factors to Drive Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2

Nancy Ashray, Anshul Bhide, Priyanka Chakarborty, Stacy Colaco, Anuradha Mishra, Karisma Chhabria, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Deepak Modi

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Placenta; trophoblast; SARS-CoV-2; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Single cell RNAseq; scRNA-seq; ACE2; TMPRSS2; CD147; CTSL; inflammation

Online: 11 May 2020 (12:50:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0001.v1

Using High-Content Screening Technology as a Tool to Generate Single-Cell Patient-Derived Gene-Corrected Isogenic iPS Clones for Parkinson’s Disease Research

Peter A. Barbuti, Paul M. Antony, Bruno F.R. Santos, François Massart, Gérald Cruciani, Claire M. Dording, Jonathan Arias, Jens C. Schwamborn, Rejko Krüger

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: CRISPR-Cas9; high-content screening (HCS); fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS); Parkinson's disease (PD); patient-derived iPS; single-cell clones; isogenic cell lines; SNCA; alpha-synuclein; A30P

Online: 2 May 2020 (11:20:20 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0505.v1

A Unified Framework to Homologize Appendage Segments across Arthropoda

Heather Bruce, Nipam Patel

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: arthropod; appendage; novelty

Online: 29 April 2020 (10:45:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0172.v2

Trends in Symbiont-Induced Host Cellular Differentiation

Shelbi Russell, Jennie Ruelas Castillo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Wolbachia; Drosophila; Symbiosis; Cellular microbiology; Cellular differentiation; Epigenetics; Transcription; Translation; Proteolysis

Online: 28 April 2020 (09:18:03 CEST)

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Bacteria participate in a wide diversity of symbiotic associations with eukaryotic hosts that require precise interactions for bacterial recognition and persistence. Most commonly, host-associated bacteria interfere with host gene expression to modulate the immune response to the infection. However, many of these bacteria also interfere with host cellular differentiation pathways to create a hospitable niche, resulting in the formation of novel cell types, tissues, and organs. In both of these situations, bacterial symbionts must interact with eukaryotic regulatory pathways. Here, we detail what is known about how bacterial symbionts, from pathogens to mutualists, control host cellular differentiation across the central dogma, from epigenetic chromatin modifications, to transcription and mRNA processing, to translation and protein modifications. We identify four main trends from this survey. First, mechanisms for controlling host gene expression appear to evolve from symbionts co-opting cross-talk between host signalling pathways. Second, symbiont regulatory capacity is constrained by the processes that drive reductive genome evolution in host-associated bacteria. Third, the regulatory mechanisms symbionts exhibit correlate with the cost/benefit nature of the association. And, fourth symbiont mechanisms for interacting with host genetic regulatory elements are not bound by native bacterial capabilities. Using this knowledge, we explore how the ubiquitous intracellular Wolbachia symbiont of arthropods and nematodes may modulate host cellular differentiation to manipulate host reproduction. Our survey of the literature on how infection alters gene expression in Wolbachia and its hosts revealed that, despite their intermediate-sized genomes, different strains appear capable of a wide diversity of regulatory manipulations. Given this and Wolbachia’s diversity of phenotypes and eukaryotic-like proteins, we expect that many symbiont-induced host differentiation mechanisms will be discovered in this system.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0479.v1

Need for Specialized Therapeutic Stem Cells Banks Equipped with Tumor Regression Enzymes and Anti-Tumor Genes

Mujib Ullah

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Stem cells banks; Cancer; Cytosine deaminase; Tumor; Gene therapy

Online: 27 April 2020 (04:49:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0172.v1

Trends in symbiont-induced host cellular differentiation

Shelbi Russell, Jennie Ruelas Castillo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Wolbachia; Drosophila; Symbiosis; Cellular microbiology; Cellular differentiation; Epigenetics; Transcription; Translation; Proteolysis

Online: 10 April 2020 (15:38:56 CEST)

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Bacteria participate in a wide diversity of symbiotic associations with eukaryotic hosts that require precise interactions for bacterial recognition and persistence. Most commonly, host-associated bacteria interfere with host gene expression to modulate the immune response to the infection. However, many of these bacteria also interfere with host cellular differentiation pathways to create a hospitable niche, resulting in the formation of novel cell types, tissues, and organs. In both of these situations, bacterial symbionts must interact with eukaryotic regulatory pathways. Here, we detail what is known about how bacterial symbionts, from pathogens to mutualists, control host cellular differentiation across the central dogma, from epigenetic chromatin modifications, to transcription and mRNA processing, to translation and protein modifications. We identify four main trends from this survey. First, mechanisms for controlling host gene expression appear to evolve from symbionts co-opting cross-talk between host signalling pathways. Second, symbiont regulatory capacity is constrained by the processes that drive reductive genome evolution in host-associated bacteria. Third, the regulatory mechanisms symbionts exhibit correlate with the cost/benefit nature of the association. And, fourth symbiont mechanisms for interacting with host genetic regulatory elements are not bound by native bacterial capabilities. Using this knowledge, we explore how the ubiquitous intracellular Wolbachia symbiont of arthropods and nematodes may modulate host cellular differentiation to manipulate host reproduction. Our survey of the literature on how infection alters gene expression in Wolbachia and its hosts revealed that, despite their intermediate-sized genomes, different strains appear capable of a wide diversity of regulatory manipulations. Given this and Wolbachia’s diversity of phenotypes and eukaryotic-like proteins, we expect that many symbiont-induced host differentiation mechanisms will be discovered in this system.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0371.v1

Knockout of MMP3 Weakened Solid Tumor Organoids and Cancer Extracellular Vesicles

Eman A. Taha, Chiharu Sogawa, Yuka Okusha, Hotaka Kawai, May Wathone Oo, Abdellatif El-Seoudi, Yanyin Lu, Hitoshi Nagatsuka, Satoshi Kubota, Ayano Satoh, Kuniaki Okamoto, Takanori Eguchi

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3); extracellular vesicles (EVs); tumoroid; tumor organoid; tumorigenesis; three-dimensional (3D) culture system

Online: 25 March 2020 (05:25:09 CET)

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The tumor organoid (tumoroid) model in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems has been developed to reflect more closely the in vivo tumors than 2D-cultured tumor cells. Notably, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are efficiently collectible from the culture supernatant of gel-free tumoroids. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3 is a multi-functional factor playing crucial roles in tumor progression. However, roles of MMP3 within tumor growth and EVs have not unveiled. Here, we investigated the protumorigenic roles of MMP3 on integrities of tumoroids and EVs. We generated MMP3-knockout (KO) cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system from rapidly metastatic LuM1 tumor cells. Moreover, we established fluorescent cell lines with palmitoylation signal-fused fluorescent proteins (tdTomato and enhanced GFP). Then we confirmed the exchange of EVs between cellular populations and tumoroids. LuM1-tumoroids released large EVs (300-1000 nm) and small EVs (50-200 nm) while the knockout of MMP3 resulted in the additional release of broken EVs from tumoroids. The loss of MMP3 leads to a significant reduction in tumoroid size and to the development of the necrotic area within tumoroids. MMP3 and CD9 (a category-1 EV marker tetraspanin protein) were significantly down-regulated in MMP3-KO cells and their EV fraction. These weakened phenotypes by MMP3 KO were markedly rescued by the addition of MMP3-rich EVs or conditioned medium (CM) collected from LuM1-tumoroids, which caused a dramatic rise in the expression of MMP3, CD9, and Ki-67 (a marker of proliferating cells) in the MMP3-null/CD9-low tumoroids. Notably, MMP3 enriched in tumoroids-derived EVs and CM deeply penetrated into recipient MMP3-KO tumoroids, resulting in a remarkable enlargement of solid tumoroids, while MMP3-null EVs did not. These data demonstrate that EVs can mediate molecular transfer of MMP3 resulting in increasing the proliferation and CD9+ tumorigenesis, indicating crucial roles of MMP3 in tumor progression.

Working Paper BRIEF REPORT

Exploring Potential Super Infection in SARS-CoV2 by Genome-Wide Analysis and Receptor–Ligand Docking

Chuanjun Shu, Xuan Huang, Juergen Brosius, Cheng Deng

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV2; spike; receptor–ligand docking; super infection

Online: 20 March 2020 (08:30:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0307.v1

Influenza Viral Infection is a High-Risk Factor for Developing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Lei Zhang, Youwei Zhang

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: COVID-19; influenza; SARS-CoV-2; ACE2; risk factor

Online: 20 March 2020 (06:56:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0296.v1

A Functional Binding Domain in the Rbpr2 Receptor is Required for Vitamin A Transport, Ocular Retinoid Homeostasis, and Photoreceptor Cell Survival in Zebrafish

Ashish K. Solanki, Altaf A Kondkar, Joseph Fogerty, Yanhui Su, Seok-hyung Kim, Joshua H. Lipschutz, Deepak Nihalani, Brian D. Perkins, Glenn P. Lobo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: retinol binding protein 4 receptor 2; RBP4; Rbpr2; STRA6; all-trans retinol transport; photoreceptor cell; vision; retinoids; zebrafish

Online: 19 March 2020 (03:16:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0124.v1

Asynchronous Embryo Transfer Followed by Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Conceptus Membranes and Endometrium Identifies Processes Important to the Establishment of Equine Pregnancy

Charlotte Gibson, Marta de Ruijter-Villani, Stefan Bauersachs, Tom A.E. Stout

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: horse; aynchronous embryo transfer; conceptus; endoemtrium; transcriptome; extracellular exosome; IGFBP3; Kininogen 1

Online: 7 March 2020 (16:11:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0299.v1

scRNA-seq Profiling of Human Testes Reveals the Presence of ACE2 Receptor, a Target for SARS-CoV-2 Infection, in Spermatogonia, Leydig and Sertoli Cells

Zhengpin Wang, Xiaojiang Xu

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; infection; scRNA-Seq; ACE2; spermatogonia

Online: 21 February 2020 (02:42:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0098.v1

Insulin Resistance in Diabetes: The Promise of Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology

Ahmed Elsayed, Selvaraj Vimalraj, Manjula Nandakumar, Essam Abdelalim

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; insulin target tissues; iPSCs; genetic factors; disease modeling

Online: 7 February 2020 (11:45:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0255.v1

Cordycepin Resensitizes T24R2, Cisplatin-resistant Human Bladder Cancer Cell, to Cisplatin by Inhibiting the AKT-mediated Ets-1 Activation

Kwang dong Kim, Sang-Seok Oh, Ki Won Lee, Jin-Woo Jeong, Soojong Park, Minju Kim, Yerin Lee, Hyun-Tak Han, Cheol Hwangbo, Jiyun Yoo

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Cordycepin; Cisplatin-resistance; Resensitization; MDR1; Ets-1; AKT

Online: 22 January 2020 (09:18:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0184.v1

Dynamic Changes of pStat3 are Involved in Meiotic Spindle Assembly in Mouse Oocytes

Seiki Haraguchi, Mitsumi Ikeda, Satoshi Akagi, Yuji Hirao

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Stat3; pStat3; oocyte maturation; meiosis; spindle assembly; MTOCs

Online: 17 January 2020 (09:56:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0063.v1

Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes: Beta Cells versus Pancreatic Progenitors

Essam Abdelalim, Bushra Memon

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: hPSCs; hyperglycemia; insulin-secreting cells; β-cell precursors; pancreatic islets; transplantation.

Online: 8 January 2020 (05:30:34 CET)

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Working Paper CONCEPT PAPER

Does Developmental Variability in the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Affect Individual Risk for Sporadic Parkinson’s Disease?

Christian U. von Linstow, Merritt DeLano-Taylor, Jeffrey H. Kordower, Patrik Brundin

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Parkinson's disease; development; dopamine neurons; substantial migration

Online: 22 December 2019 (13:16:16 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0253.v1

Intermediate Filaments as Potential Target for Cancer 2 Treatment

Katerina Strouhalova, Magdalena Přechová, Aneta Gandalovičová, Jan Brábek, Martin Gregor, Daniel Rosel

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: vimentin; EMT; invasion; mechanotransduction; cell adhesion; cancer treatment; cancer drugs; amoeboid; mesenchymal

Online: 19 December 2019 (07:58:15 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0185.v2

Treatment for Canine Corneal Ulcer using Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy - Case Report

Petra de Mello Arantes-Tsuzuki, Patrícia Camacho Mazzonetto, Edson Guimarães Lo Turco

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Eye; Corneal ulcer; Canine; Mesenchymal stem cell; Cell Therapy

Online: 16 December 2019 (11:32:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0112.v1

Fucoidan Inhibition of Osteosarcoma Cells is Species and Molecular Weight Dependent

Dhanak Gupta, Melissa Silva, Karolina Radziun, Diana Martinez, Christopher Hill, Julie Marshall, Vanessa Hearnden, Miguel Puertas-Mejia, Gwendolen Reilly

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: apoptosis; necrosis; brown algae,; mitochondria; mg63 cells; fucoidan; molecular weight fraction; crude extract; cell cycle; transmission electron microscopy

Online: 9 December 2019 (03:45:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0395.v1

Cardiac Hypertrophy in a Dish: A Human Stem Cell Based Model

Markus Johansson, Benjamin Ulfenborg, Christian X Andersson, Sepideh Hagvall, Anders Jeppsson, Peter Sartipy, Jane Synnergren

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: cardiac hypertrophy; cardiomyocytes; disease model; endothelin-1; stem cells

Online: 30 November 2019 (12:38:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0389.v1

Why Should Growth Hormone (GH) Be Considered a Promising Therapeutic Agent for Arteriogenesis? Insights from the GHAS Trial

Diego Caicedo, Pablo Devesa, Clara Alvarez, Jesús Devesa

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: GH and eNOS; IGF-I; oxidative stress and arterial inflammation; vascular homeostasis; Neovascularization; arteriogenesis; GHAS trial

Online: 30 November 2019 (10:14:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0236.v1

A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a Timing Mechanism for Setting Up the Vertebrate Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis

Antony Durston

Subject: Life Sciences, Cell & Developmental Biology Keywords: Hox genes; limb development; main body axis; timing; time space translation

Online: 20 November 2019 (10:31:55 CET)

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LIFE SCIENCES