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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.3390/sci1010015.v1

Endocrine Disrupting Compounds Removal Methods from Wastewater in the United Kingdom: A Review

China K. Gadupudi, Louis Rice, Libin Xiao, Komali Kantamaneni

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: wastewater treatment; temperatures; systematic review; biofilms; endocrine disrupting compounds

Online: 21 March 2019 (00:00:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0006.v1

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Water Quality Assessment of Surface Water at Xiahe County in Tibetan Plateau Pastoral of China

Qian Zhang, Shengli Wang, Muhammad Yousaf, Zhongren Nan, Shuixian Wang, Jianmin Ma, Depeng Wang, Fei Zang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: surface water; Tibetan Plateau pastoral area; Xiahe County; hydrochemical characteristics; fuzzy comprehensive method; water quality

Online: 2 August 2016 (04:20:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.3390/sci2010005

XRF Quick-Scan Mapping for Heavy Metal Pollutants in SuDS: A Methodological Approach

Guri Venvik, Floris Boogaard

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF); heavy metals; lead (Pb); zinc (Zn); copper (Cu); topsoil; sustainable urban drainage systems; SuDS; LID; BMPs; WSUD; GI; SCMs

Online: 30 January 2020 (00:00:00 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0167.v1

Sars-Cov-2 Wastewater Surveillance for Public Health Action: Connecting Perspectives From Wastewater Researchers and Public Health Officials During a Global Pandemic

Jill McClary-Gutierrez, Mia Mattioli, Perrine Marcenac, Andrea Silverman, Alexandria Boehm, Kyle Bibby, Michael Balliet, Francis de los Reyes III, Daniel Gerrity, John Griffith, Patricia Holden, Dimitrios Katehis, Greg Kester, Nathan LaCross, Erin Lipp, Jonathan Meiman, Rachel Noble, Dominique Brossard, Sandra McLellan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; wastewater surveillance

Online: 6 April 2021 (10:15:25 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 has garnered extensive public attention during the COVID-19 pandemic as a proposed complement to existing disease surveillance systems. Over the past year, environmental microbiology and engineering researchers have advanced methods for detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in untreated sewage and demonstrated that the trends in wastewater are correlated with trends in cases reported days to weeks later depending on the location. At the start of the pandemic, the virus was also detected in wastewater in locations prior to known cases. Despite the promise of wastewater surveillance, for these measurements to translate into useful public health tools, it is necessary to bridge the barriers between researchers and the public health responders who will ultimately use the data. Here we describe the key uses, barriers, and applicability of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance for supporting public health decisions and actions. This perspective was formed from a multidisciplinary group of environmental microbiology, engineering, wastewater, and public health experts, as well as from opinions shared during three focus group discussions with officials from ten state and local public health agencies. The key barriers to use of wastewater surveillance data identified were: (1) As a new data source, most public health agencies are not yet comfortable interpreting wastewater data; (2) Public health agencies want to see SARS-CoV-2 wastewater data in their own communities to gain confidence in its utility; (3) New institutional knowledge and increased capacity is likely needed to sustain wastewater surveillance systems; and (4) The ethics of wastewater surveillance data collection, sharing, and use are not yet established. Overall, while wastewater surveillance to assess community infections is not a new idea, by addressing these barriers, the COVID-19 pandemic may be the initiating event that turns this emerging public health tool into a sustainable nationwide surveillance system.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0320.v1

Inherent Bias of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Quantification for Wastewater Surveillance Due to Variable RT-qPCR Assay Parameters

Aaron Bivins, Devrim Kaya, Kyle Bibby, Stuart Simpson, Stephen Bustin, Orin Shanks, Warish Ahmed

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: RT-qPCR; assay validity; standard curve; quality assurance; quality control; wastewater surveillance

Online: 11 June 2021 (14:10:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0381.v1

Building-Level Wastewater Monitoring for COVID-19 Using Tampon Swabs and RT-LAMP for Rapid SARS-Cov-2 RNA Detection

Aaron Bivins, Megan Lott, Marlee Shaffer, Zhenyu Wu, Devin North, Erin Lipp, Kyle Bibby

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; wastewater monitoring; environmental surveillance; RT-LAMP; building-level; near-source; passive sampling

Online: 17 May 2021 (10:07:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0256.v1

Using Double-Bounded Dichotomous-Choice to Estimate Households’ Willingness to Pay for Improved Water Quality in Bac Ninh Province of Vietnam

Nguyen Van Song , Vu Ngoc Huyen, Le Thi Phuong Dung

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: double-bounded dichotomous-choice; willingness to pay; water quality improvement; handicraft households

Online: 22 September 2019 (16:06:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0045.v1

Paradox of Limited Water Resources in Iran and Goals of Self-Sufficiency in Agricultural Sector

Hamed Rafiee, Fereshteh Balovi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Virtual water; Agriculture; Staples; Water resources per capita

Online: 8 June 2017 (18:06:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0743.v1

Implications of Inadequate Water and Sanitation Infrastructure for Community Spread of COVID-19 in Remote Alaskan Communities

Laura Eichelberger, Subhabrata Dev, Tricia Howe, David Barnes, Eric Bortz, Brandon Briggs, Patricia Cochran, Aaron Dotson, Devin Drown, Micah Hahn, Kaitlin Mattos, Srijan Aggarwal

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: COVID-19; Alaska Native; water security; sanitation

Online: 30 November 2020 (16:36:11 CET)

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Working Paper COMMUNICATION

Sars-Cov-2 Wastewater Surveillance for Public Health Action: Connecting Perspectives From Wastewater Researchers and Public Health Officials During a Global Pandemic

Jill McClary-Gutierrez, Mia Mattioli, Perrine Marcenac, Andrea Silverman, Alexandria Boehm, Kyle Bibby, Michael Balliet, Francis de los Reyes III, Daniel Gerrity, John Griffith, Patricia Holden, Dimitrios Katehis, Greg Kester, Nathan LaCross, Erin Lipp, Jonathan Meiman, Rachel Noble, Dominique Brossard, Sandra McLellan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; wastewater surveillance

Online: 7 June 2021 (13:01:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0126.v1

Surveillance of Groundwater Quality Using Geographical Information System in Kannur District, India

Thangavelu Arumugam, Praveen Krishna, Sapna K

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: GIS, Groundwater, Physico- chemical parameters, Statistics

Online: 15 January 2018 (16:48:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0086.v1

IWRM as a System Approach to Water Security: Evidence from the Awash River Basin of Ethiopia

Reta Hailu, Degefa Tolossa, Getnet Alemu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM); system thinking; water security; Awash basin; Ethiopia

Online: 12 March 2018 (07:18:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0109.v1

Hexachlorocyclohexanes, Cyclodiene, Methoxychlor and Heptachlor in Sediment of the Alvarado Lagoon System in Veracruz, Mexico

María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso, Gabycarmen Navarrete-Rodríguez

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: bioavailability; toxicity; public health; pesticides; aquatic ecosystems

Online: 16 November 2017 (10:59:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0378.v1

Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Metal Concentration in the Water Column of Asia’s Largest Coastal Lagoon

Syed Hilal Farooq, Amrit Kumar Mishra, Sandip Kumar Muhakud, Prasannajit Acharya, Pradipta Ranjan Muduli, Debadutta Swain

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Trace metals; COVID-19; Lagoon ecosystem; Anthropogenic pollution; Water quality; India

Online: 14 June 2021 (15:56:06 CEST)

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A complete halt on all anthropogenic activities and human movement due to COVID-19 lockdown has provided a great opportunity to assess the impact of human activities on coastal marine ecosystems. The current study assessed the concentration of the metals in water samples of the largest brackish water lagoon of Asia; the Chilika lagoon in the state of Odisha, India between pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 lockdown scenarios. Monthly water samples (n=30 stations) from 0.3 m depth were collected from three sectors of the lagoon seasonally; pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon. In addition to various physical parameters [pH, salinity, alkalinity, (DO) dissolved oxygen, (TDS) total dissolved solids, and (EC) electrical conductivity] the collected water samples were analysed for 18 trace metals (Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, Th, Tl, U, V). Most of the physical parameters showed a significant variation between pre-and post-COVID-19 scenarios, except for pH and DO. The concentration of five metals (Be, Cd, Co, Ni, and Pb) remained below detection limits in all water samples. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the concentration of the metal in the water samples was noticed along with the three sectors of the lagoon. However, eight metals (Al, As, Cr, Fe, Mn, Th, U, and V) were significantly different between the COVID-19 scenarios and the remaining five metals were not statistically significant. The mean concentration of Al, As, Fe, Th, and V were higher in the pre-COVID-19 scenarios, whereas only Cr and Mn were higher in the post-COVID-19 scenarios. The mean concentration of U was similar among both COVID-19 scenarios, even though there were seasonal and sectoral differences. The seasonal influence of riverine influx was more evident on metal concentration during the monsoon season, whereas the difference between sectors was more prominent during the post-monsoon season. An increased number of correlations between physical parameters and metal concentration were observed in the post-monsoon season and post-COVID-19 scenario. This study provides evidence that the imposition of COVID-19 lockdown reduced metal influx in the water column and improved the water quality of the Chilika lagoon. Our results can be used as baseline for metal concentration in surface waters of the lagoon.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0047.v1

Willingness to Pay for Improved Water Quality and Influencing factors: An Insight from Chia Lagoon, Malawi

Rodgers Makwinja, Ishmael Kosamu, Chikumbusko Kaonga

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Chia lagoon, Water resources, willingness to pay (WTP), Malawi

Online: 4 April 2019 (11:30:21 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Design and Fabrication of Strong Parts from Biodegradable Polymer with a Desktop 3D Printer

Vladimir Kuznetsov, Azamat Tavitov, Oleg Urzhumtcev, Mikhail Mikhailin, Alexey Solonin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Design for additive manufacturing; desktop 3D printing; fused filament fabrication; polylactic acid; mechanical strength

Online: 20 March 2019 (14:52:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0557.v1

Stakeholder Networking Analysis on Umbulan Water Supply Project: An Exploratory Study Combined With Meta-Analysis Identification Design

Dimas Trisliatanto, Mohammad Adib, Rustinsyah Rustinsyah, Dewi Kurniasih, Suparto Wijoyo, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Stakeholder; Networking; Stakeholder Networking; Umbulan Water Supply Project

Online: 27 January 2021 (12:28:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0096.v1

Test of a Modified Rainfall-runoff Model in Large-scale River Basins

Spyros Giakoumakis, Dimitris Tigkas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Rainfall-runoff model; large-scale river basins; calibration; validation

Online: 9 October 2019 (10:16:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0643.v1

Assimilation of Synthetic SWOT River Depths in a Regional Hydrometeorological Model

Vincent Häfliger, Eric Martin, Aaron Boone, Sophie Ricci, Sylvain Biancamaria

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: overland flow, satellite altimetry, hydrological modelling, data assimilation

Online: 27 October 2018 (21:08:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0217.v1

Legionella spp. Colonization in Water Systems of Hotels Linked with Travel-Associated Legionnaires’ Disease

Antonios Papadakis, Maria Keramarou, Dimosthenis Chochlakis, Vassilios Sandalakis, Varvara Mouchtouri, Anna Psaroulaki

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Legionella; water systems; risk; water safety plan; hotel

Online: 10 August 2021 (09:11:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0426.v1

Augmented Popperian Experiments: A Framework for Sustainability Knowledge Development across Contexts

Fred Phillips, Hsing-Er Lin, Trudi Schifter, Nicholas Folse

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: sustainability; governance; piecemeal engineering; collaboration; Karl Popper

Online: 19 November 2018 (07:05:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0721.v1

Is Rainwater Harvesting Sufficient to Satisfy The Emergency Water Demand for The Prevention of COVID-19? The Case of Dilla town, Southern, Ethiopia

Girum Gebremeskel Kanno, Zemachu Ashuro Lagiso, Zeleke Girma Abate, Abereham Shiferaw Areba, Renay Van Wyk, Mekonnen Birhanie Aregu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: COVID-19; Dilla; Emergency water demand; Ethiopia; Rain Water Harvesting

Online: 31 August 2020 (10:29:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1160.v1

Drinking Water Systems as a Cocktail of Emerging Organic Contaminants: Occurrence, Public Health Risks, and Research Needs

Jerikias Marumure, Tinoziva T Simbanegavi, Zakio Makuvara, Rangarirayi Karidzagundi, Richwell Alufasi, Marvelous Goredema, Claudious Gufe, Nhamo Chaukura, Willis Gwenzi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Human exposure; high-risk environments; human health hazards; personal care products; pharmaceuticals; per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; risk factors

Online: 16 June 2023 (03:16:14 CEST)

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Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) of anthropogenic origins are ubiquitous in environmental compartments, including aquatic systems. Thus, EOCs have attracted considerable research and public attention due to their potential human and ecological health risks. However, compared to other aquatic environments such as wastewater systems, comprehensive reviews focussing on the occurrence and human health risks of EOCs in drinking water systems are still lacking. Therefore, to address this knowledge gap, the current review posits that drinking water systems harbour a cocktail of toxic EOCs, which pose public health risks via multiple exposure routes. In the present review, global evidence is examined to track EOCs along the source-pathway-receptor-impact-mitigation (SPRIM) continuum. Evidence shows that, various groups of EOCs, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products, solvents, plasticizers, endocrine disrupting compounds, gasoline additives, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), food colourants, artificial sweeteners, and musks and fragrances, have been detected in drinking water systems. The anthropogenic sources of EOCs detected in drinking water systems, including wastewater systems and industrial emissions, are summarized. Further, the behaviour and fate of EOCs in the drinking water systems, including removal processes are discussed. Once in drinking water systems, human exposure to EOCs may occur via ingestion of contaminated drinking water and cooked foods, and possibly dermal contact and inhalation. The high-risk environments, and risk factors and behaviours predisposing humans to EOC exposure are discussed. Evidence on the human health risks of the various EOCs and a critique of the data are presented. Notably, besides inferential data, quantitative epidemiological evidence directly relating the occurrence of EOCs in drinking water systems to specific adverse human health outcomes is still scarce. Lastly, future research directions, including the need for quantitative public health risk assessment, and the application of emerging detection tools are discussed.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0336.v1

Review of Effects of Dam Construction on the Ecosystems of River Estuary and Nearby Marine Areas

Xuan Zhang, Changling Fang, Yuan Wang, Xiaoyi Lou, Ying Su, Dongmei Huang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Dam; River estuary; Ecosystem; Effect

Online: 25 February 2022 (13:16:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0381.v1

Impacts of Human Interventions on Water Quality of Upper Ganga River Near Haridwar, Uttarakhand: A GIS-Based Analysis

Pradip Kumar Maurya, Sk Ajim Ali, Ateeque Ahmad Ahmad, Krishna Kumar Maurya

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters; water quality index; land use land cover; GIS integration; special correlation

Online: 26 October 2021 (12:24:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0721.v2

Is Rainwater Harvesting Sufficient to Satisfy The Emergency Water Demand for The Prevention of COVID-19? The Case of Dilla town, Southern, Ethiopia

Girum Gebremeskel Kanno, Zemachu Ashuro Lagiso, Zeleke Girma Abate, Abereham Shiferaw Areba, Renay Van Wyk, Mekonnen Birhanie Aregu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: COVID-19; Dilla; Emergency water demand; Ethiopia; Rain Water Harvesting

Online: 12 October 2020 (10:15:32 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Public attitudes towards Digital Water Meters for households

Steven Hendrik Koop, Sharon Helena Clevers, Elisabeth Johanna Blokker, Stijn Brouwer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Water Conservation; Customer Segmentation; Pro-Environmental Behaviour; Smart Water Meters; Water-use Feedback

Online: 7 May 2021 (09:41:56 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Resistance to Change and Perceived Risk as Determinants of Water-Saving Intention

Francisco J. Sarabia-Sánchez, Isabel P. Riquelme, Juan Manuel Bruno

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water saving; resistance to change; perceived risk; intentions; Sustainable Development Goal 12

Online: 19 April 2021 (14:25:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0163.v1

Assessment of Streamflow Simulation for a Tropical Forested Catchment using Dynamic TOPMODEL – Dynamic fluxEs and ConnectIvity for Predictions of HydRology (DECIPHeR) Framework and Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE)

Fadhliani Umar, Zed Diyana, Badronnisa Yusuf, Siti Nurhidayu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: streamflow; dynamic TOPMODEL; DECIPHeR; GLUE analysis

Online: 7 December 2020 (14:36:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0695.v1

Performance Study of Integrated Solar-Water Supply System for Isolated Agricultural Areas in Thailand: Two Case-Study Villages of The Royal Initiative Project

Thanongsak Imjai, Kamon Thinsurat, Pakorn Ditthakit, Warit Wipulanusat, Monthian Setkit, Reyes Garcia

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water resource management; solar-water; solar-water supply system; SWSS; decision support; solar pumping; climate change; royal initiative project

Online: 29 July 2020 (11:40:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0187.v1

The Impact of Water Loss by Evaporation and Calcite Precipitation on the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and an Alternative Method of Estimating the SAR of Irrigation Drainage Water

Qiyu Zhou, William Bleam, Douglas Soldat

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: sodium adsorption ratio; SAR; CROSS, electrical conductivity; specific conductivity; salinity; irrigation; groundwater; water quality

Online: 9 October 2020 (08:45:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1557.v1

Recent Advancements in Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Detection by Sensors and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Method: A Review

Sumaya Tabassum, Asif Ahmed, Shoeb Rahman, Mayida Rubya Tithi, Maliha Mehjabin, Jinat Tasnim Dristy

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; PFAS detection sensors; Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering; emerging contaminants ; ;

Online: 22 January 2024 (05:54:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0058.v1

Towards a Set of Guidelines for the Development of Robust Water-sharing Systems

Michael Young

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water rights; robustness; water governance; water scarcity; water allocation; water accounting; water trading; water sharing

Online: 6 November 2019 (10:43:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0147.v1

Optimal Water Allocation in Golden Triangle Energy Region-A case study of Ningxia District.

Yiqing Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Golden Triangle Energy Region; water resources; optical allocation

Online: 9 March 2020 (02:34:59 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0049.v1

Drinking Water and Diarrheal Characteristic Cases in Darbendikhan City

Sabah Shareef Mohammed, Yadgar Hussien Hama-karim, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: diarrhoeal cases; drinking water; water sources; water pollution; Darbandikhan Lake

Online: 2 August 2020 (17:41:51 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

ARIMA-M: A New Model for Daily Water Consumption Prediction, Based on the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model and the Markov Chain Error Correction

Hongyan Du, Zhihua Zhao, Huifeng Xue

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water resource management; water consumption prediction; Markov chain; autoregressive moving average model; error correction

Online: 10 January 2020 (07:09:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0076.v1

Water Consumption Habits of a North-Western Turkish Community: A Cross-Sectional Study

Ünal Ayranci, Merve sezer Yildiz, Ahmet Demirci

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water consumption; drinking water; consumer preference; water usage purposes

Online: 5 July 2022 (13:45:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0983.v1

Hydrological Modeling in the Upper Lancang-Mekong River Basin Using Global and Regional Gridded Meteorological Reanalyses

Shixiao Zhang, Yang Lang, Furong Yang, Xinran Qiao, Xiuni Li, Yuefei Gu, Qi Yi, Lifeng Luo, Qingyun Duan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: CMADS; CFSR; meteorological variables; hydrological simulations; SWAT+; upper Lancang-Mekong River Basin

Online: 26 April 2023 (11:29:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0896.v1

Towards Open Access and Open Source Software for Image-Based Velocimetry Techniques

Hessel Winsemius, Frank Ohene Annor, Rick Hagenaars, Nick Van de Giesen, Willem Luxemburg, Olivier Hoes

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: river monitoring; image-based; discharge estimation; open-source software

Online: 11 August 2023 (07:54:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0070.v1

Circulatory Pathways in the Water and Wastewater sector in the Latin-American Region (LAR)

Paula C. Soto-Rios, Nidhi Nagabhatla, Brenda Acevedo-Juárez

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Circular Economy; Water; Wastewater; Resource Use; Latin America

Online: 4 January 2023 (06:39:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1152.v1

Assessment of Spatiotemporal Groundwater Recharge Distri-bution Using SWAT-MODFLOW Model and Transient Water Fluctuation Method

Hiyaw Hatiya Ware, Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu, Bisrat Ayalew Yifru, Sun Woo Chang, Il-Moon Chung

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: SWAT-MODFLOW; groundwater recharge; PEST; Water table fluctuation

Online: 28 April 2023 (08:53:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0369.v1

Bacterial Contamination Levels and Brand Perception of Sachet Water: A Case Study in Nigerian Urban Neighborhoods

I. T. Tenebe, E. O. Babatunde, C. C. Eddy-Ugorji, N. B. Ogarekpe, C. V. Ekeanyanwu, O. S. Oladele, O. B. Ezendu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Sachet water; water quality; bacteriological quality; public health; drinking water

Online: 21 March 2023 (06:14:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1051.v1

Phytoremediation Capacity of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as Nature-based Solution for Contaminants and Physicochemical Characterization of Lake Water

Esayas Elias Churko, Munyaradzi Chitakira, Luxon Nhamo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Heavy metals; water quality; remediation; water security; ecosystem services; spatio-temporal variation; nature-based solution

Online: 15 May 2023 (14:14:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0762.v1

Scale Dependence of Errors in Snow Water Equivalent Simulations using ERA5 Reanalysis over Alpine Basins

Susen Shrestha, Mattia Zaramella, Mattia Callegari, Felix Greifeneder, Marco Borga

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: TOPMELT; ERA5; SWE; Drizzle; Bias Adjustment

Online: 10 May 2023 (14:31:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0318.v1

Monitoring Quality and Pollution Assessment of Groundwater for Drinking Purposes to Assure Sustainability

Saad Alramthi, Gamila Ali, Ahmed Shaban, Tarek Abdou, Atiah Elthagafi, Saad Eldosari, Bao-Ku Zhu, Hosam Safaa

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Drinking water management; drinking water criteria; groundwater; reverse osmosis; sustainable development; water aesthetics

Online: 17 August 2022 (10:08:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0405.v1

Rainwater and Wastewater Management: A Case Study of Dakar’s Built-up area, Senegal

Abdoulaye FATY, Cheikh DIOP, Waly FAYE

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Management; rainwater; wastewater; rainfall; urban areas; Dakar

Online: 23 March 2023 (02:08:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1703.v1

Digitalization in Small-Scale Urban Recirculation Aquaculture: Data Analytics in Sub-Saharan Africa

Ujunwa Victoria Aghaji, Emmanuel Olatunbosun Benjamin, Gertrud Buchenrieder

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Recirculating aquaculture system; water quality; (peri-)urban farming; Nigeria; sub-Sahara Africa

Online: 27 November 2023 (12:10:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0841.v1

Hydrological Response Assessment of Land Cover Change in a Peruvian Amazonian Basin Impacted by Deforestation Using the SWAT Model

Karla Paiva, Pedro Rau, Cristian Montesinos, Waldo Lavado-Casimiro, Luc Bourrel, Frederic Frappart

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: SWAT model; surface runoff; deforestation; land use change; Amazonia; Peru

Online: 13 September 2023 (07:29:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0192.v1

Metal Organic Framework (MOF): Synthesis and Fabrication for the Application of Electrochemical Sensing

Ricky Lalawmpuia, Melody Lalhruaitluangi, Lalhmunsiama Lalhmunsiama, Diwakar Tiwari, Jae-Kyu Yang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: advanced materials; metal organic framework; electrochemical sensor; trace detection; emerging pollutants

Online: 4 September 2023 (11:48:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0058.v1

Assessing Recession Constant Sensitivity and Its Interaction with Data Adjustment Parameters in Continuous Hydrological Modeling in Data Scarce Basins: A Case Study Using the Xinanjiang Model

Thandar Tun Zin, Minjiao LU, Takahiro OGURA

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: XAJ model; Recession constant; Data adjustment parameter; Model performance; Sensitivity

Online: 1 December 2023 (07:38:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1039.v1

Circular Economy Model Through Phosphorus Recovery to Obtain Struvite from Sewage Sludge

Javier Cañas, Silvia Álvarez-Torrellas, Blanca Hermana, Juan García

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Circular economy; phosphorus; struvite; valorization; wet oxidation.

Online: 27 April 2023 (04:40:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0964.v1

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Kaldibek Abdiyev, Seitkhan Azat, Erzhan Kuldeyev, Sana Kabdrakhmanova, Ronny Berndtsson, Bostandyk Khalkhabai, Ainur Kabdrakhmanova, Shynggyskhan Sultakhan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: slow sand filtration; developing countries: microbes; parasites; turbidity; safe drinking water; water treatment

Online: 26 April 2023 (07:25:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0862.v1

A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques for National Glacier Mapping: Evaluating Performance Through Spatial Cross-Validation in Perú.

Marcelo Bueno, Brigitte Macera, Nilton Montoya

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: spatial modeling; machine learning; glacier mapping; glacier retreat; climate change; spatial autocorrelation; spatial cross-validation

Online: 13 October 2023 (09:45:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0278.v1

Opportunistic Pathogens in Drinking Water Distribution Systems—A Review

Mark LeChevallier, Toby Prosser, Melita Stevens

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: opportunitic pathgoens; drinking water; Legionella; Mycobacterium; Pseudomonas; disinfection

Online: 3 April 2024 (10:32:28 CEST)

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In contrast to “frank” pathogens, like Salmonella entrocolitica, Shigella dysenteriae, and Vibrio cholerae, that always have a probability of disease, “opportunistic” pathogens are organisms that cause an infectious disease in a host with a weakened immune system and rarely in a healthy host. Historically, drinking water treatment has focused on control of frank pathogens, particularly those from human or animal sources (like Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum, or Hepatitis A virus), but in recent years outbreaks from drinking water have increasingly been due to opportunistic pathogens. Characteristics of opportunistic pathogens that make them problematic for water treatment include: 1) they are normally present in aquatic environments, 2) they grow in biofilms that protect the bacteria from disinfectants, and 3) under appropriate conditions in drinking water systems (e.g., warm water, stagnation, low disinfectant levels, etc.) these bacteria can amplify to levels that can pose a public health risk. The three most common opportunistic pathogens in drinking water systems include Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This report focuses on these organisms to provide information on their public health risk, occurrence in drinking water systems, susceptibility to various disinfectants and other operational practices (like flushing and cleaning of pipes and storage tanks). In addition, information is provided on a group of nine other opportunistic pathogens that are less commonly found in drinking water systems, including Aeromonas hydrophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Arcobacter butzleri, and several free-living amoebae including Naegleria fowleri and species of Acanthamoeba. The public health risk for these microbes in drinking water is still unclear, but in most cases, efforts to manage Legionella, mycobacteria, and Pseudomonas risks will also be effective for these other opportunistic pathogens. The approach to managing opportunistic pathogens in drinking water supplies focuses on controlling the growth of these organisms. Many of these microbes are normal inhabitants in biofilms in water, so the attention is less on eliminating these organisms from entering the system and more on managing their occurrence and concentrations in the pipe network. With anticipated warming trends associated with climate change, the factors that drive the growth of opportunistic pathogens in drinking water systems will likely increase. It is important, therefore, to evaluate treatment barriers and management activities for control of opportunistic pathogen risks. Controls for primary treatment, particularly for turbidity management and disinfection, should be reviewed to ensure adequacy for opportunistic pathogen control. However, the major focus for the utility’s opportunistic pathogen risk reduction plan is the management of biological activity and biofilms in the distribution system. Factors that influence the growth of microbes (primarily in biofilms) in the distribution system include, temperature, disinfectant type and concentration, nutrient levels (measured as AOC or BDOC), stagnation, flushing of pipes and cleaning of storage tank sediments, and corrosion control. Pressure management and distribution system integrity are also important to the microbial quality of water but are related more to the intrusion of contaminants into the distribution system – rather than directly related to microbial growth. Summarizing the identified risk from drinking water, the availability and quality of disinfection data for treatment, and guidelines or standards for control showed that adequate information is best available for management of L. pneumophila. For L. pneumophila the risk for this organism has been clearly established from drinking water, cases have increased worldwide, and it is one of the most identified causes of drinking water outbreaks. Water management best practices (e.g., maintenance of a disinfectant residual throughout the distribution system, flushing and cleaning of sediments in pipelines and storage tanks, among others) that have been shown to be effective for control of L. pneumophila in water supplies. In addition, there are well documented management guidelines available for the control of the organism in drinking water distribution systems. By comparison, management of risks for Mycobacteria from water are less clear than for L. pneumophila. Treatment of M. avium is difficult due to its resistance to disinfection, the tendency to form clumps and attachment to surfaces in biofilms. Additionally, there are no guidelines for management of M. avium in drinking water and one risk assessment study suggested a low risk of infection. The role of tap water in the transmission of the other opportunistic pathogens is less clear and in many cases actions to manage L. pneumophila (e.g., maintenance of a disinfectant residual, flushing, cleaning of storage tanks, etc.) will also be beneficial in helping to manage these organisms as well.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0340.v1

A Framework for Developing a National Research Strategy for Water Reuse

Arkalgud Ramaprasad, Thant Syn

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water reuse; ontology; ontological framework

Online: 6 February 2024 (07:29:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0112.v1

Flood Mapping and Scour Potential Prediction Using Hydraulic Model Based on Advanced ASV-Measured Extreme Flood Events Triggered by Snowmelt

Vida Atashi, Yeo Howe Lim

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: HEC-RAS model; Red River; LiDAR data; Flood mapping; Manning’s n-coefficient; Contraction Scour Depth

Online: 7 April 2023 (04:54:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1243.v2

New Process for the Treatment of Polluted Water Using the Coupling of Nanoparticles and Magnetic

Hajer Tlili, Anis Elaoud, Nedra Asses, Karima Horchani-Naifer, Mounir Ferhi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water treatment; nanoparticles; Fe3O4; magnetic field

Online: 12 October 2023 (09:44:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1677.v1

Water Management and Hydrological Characteristics of Rice-Paddy Catchments Under AWD Irrigation Practice: Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Denis Bwire, Hirotaka Saito, Roy C Sidle, Junko Nishiwaki

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Water Management; Paddy Soils; Puddling; Ecohydrological Processes; Climate Change; Preferential Flow

Online: 27 November 2023 (11:29:26 CET)

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Global concerns of decreasing water availability and food security are being exacerbated by the increasing demand for food, water quality degradation, and climate change impacts. Rice is an essential crop for food security with paddy rice cultivation largely practiced using traditional flooding conditions. Water regimes and components of the soil water balance in paddy rice catchments affect uptake of water by rice roots. Paddy management, especially puddling, significantly affects soil hydrological properties, such as hydraulic conductivity, percolation, and seepage in the paddy rhizosphere. Improved knowledge of these interactions is vital for developing sustainable water management strategies in paddy fields. Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) practice contributes to sustainable water management, but little is known about effects of soil wetting and drying duration on gravitational soil water flow, moisture dynamics, and hydraulic conductivity in the rice paddy rhizosphere. These factors depend on soil type, rice variety, rooting conditions, and environmental factors, such as solar radiation and temperature. Here we examine the paddy cultivation environment and soil properties under traditional continuous flooding and AWD practice. Some studies indicate that the duration and frequency of wetting and soil drying under AWD practice in paddy fields affects soil hydraulic conductivity that alters the next cycle of water application. During droughts and short rainy seasons, rainfall, soil properties, and atmospheric conditions control soil moisture dynamics in paddy fields. Limitations and challenges of applying AWD in paddy soils, including the variation of hydrological properties and the need for frequent field manual monitoring of water level (WL) head, are discussed. Implications of AWD practice on yield, water use efficiency, soil hydrology, and reduction of methane emissions, are outlined along with opportunities to improve AWD integration within government policies, irrigation schemes, and adoption by farmers. Coupled crop models can provide important insights for sustainable agricultural water management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1502.v1

Hydrothermally Synthesized ZnMgAl-Layered Double Hydroxide and Rice Husk Biochar Composites for Cu(II) and Pb(II) Ions Removal From Synthetic Wastewater

Muhammad Shafiq, Abdulrahman Ali Alazba, Muhammad Tahir Amin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Batch adsorption; Langmuir isotherm; LDH/RHB; pseudo second-order

Online: 22 May 2023 (10:35:44 CEST)

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The efficiency of a new composite material of the layered double hydroxide (LDH) of ZnMgAl and rice husk biochar (RHB) for the removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions from synthetic wastewater was investigated in this study. The images of scanning electron microscope showed extremely fine crystalline LDH particles decorated on the rough surface of the RHB while the succesful formation of the composite adsorbent (LDH/RHB) was confirmed by the corresponding energy dispersive X-ray and the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. An equilibrium contact time of 30 and 15 min for Cu2+ and Pb2+, respectively, was proposed for the optimum performance of the batch adsorption process. The dose of the LDH/RHB adsorbent was optimized at 0.4 g yielding maximum adsorption capacities of 117 and 124 mg g-1 for Cu2+ and Pb2+, respectively, with corresponding maximum removal efficiencies of nearly 94% and 99%. The initial meta concentrations was optimized at 50 or 60 mg L-1 corresponding to maximum removal efficiencies or adsorption capacities. For the changing initial metal’s concentration, the removal efficiencies remained unchanged for up to 50 mg L-1 and decreased by about 50% by increasing the initial concentrations from 50 to 100 mg L-1. The adsorption capacities observed a linear increasing trend by increasing the initial concentrations from 5 to 60 mg L-1 and remained unchanged afterward up to 100 mg L-1. A solution pH of 6.0 yielded optimum results with an increasing trend in adsorption capacities and percentage removal by changing the solution pH from 2.0 to 7.0. Based on the best-fit of the pseudo second-order kinetic model to the experimental data, the chemisorption was suggested to be the controlling mechanism of adsorption. The fitting of the Langmuir model suggested a monolayer sorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ in addition to a heterogeneous adsorption as supported by the fitting of the Temkin isotherm. The application of the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm proposed a physical adsorption (mean free energy of adsorption less than 8 kJ mol−1) of both heavy metal ions on the surface of the LDH/RHB adsorbent.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0043.v1

Heavy Metals Removals from Wastewater and Reuse of the Metal Loaded Adsorbents in Various Applications: A Review

Bienvenu Gael Fouda Mbanga, Tarisa Velempini, Kriveshini Pillay, Zikhona Ngeva-Tywabi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: adsorption; GBV; heavy metals; secondary pollution; spent adsorbent reuse

Online: 2 December 2022 (08:43:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0768.v1

UAV-based Optical Methods to Estimate the Flow of Temporary Streams and Evaluate their Environmental Status

Paschalis Koutalakis, Mairi Danai Stamataki, Ourania Tzoraki

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: environmental flow; intermittent flow; Mediterranean conditions; optical protocol; surface velocity; temporary streams; unmanned aerial vehicles

Online: 12 June 2023 (05:12:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0198.v4

Elementary Steps in Steady State Kinetic Model Approximation for the Homo-Heterogeneous Photocatalysis of Carbamazepine

Giora Rytwo, Yuval Shahar

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: carbamazepine; advanced oxidation process; pseudo-order; rate law; half life time; elementary steps; steady-state approximation

Online: 15 May 2023 (03:36:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1995.v1

Spectrophotometry in PFOA Research: Preliminary Results for Fate Analysis Studies in a Small Research Laboratory

David Nadler

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: spectrophotometry; PFOA; UV; oxidation

Online: 29 January 2024 (06:44:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0229.v1

Physicochemical Characteristics and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Plasma-Activated Water Produced by an Air-Operated Coaxial DBD Plasma

F. S. Miranda, V. K. F. Tavares, Marcelo Pego Gomes, Nilton Neto, W. Chiappim, Gilberto Petraconi, Rodrigo Pessoa, Cristiane Koga-Ito

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Cold atmospheric plasma; Dielectric Barrier Discharge; Plasma-activated liquids; Plasma medi-cine; Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli; Candida albicans

Online: 3 November 2023 (10:14:16 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0427.v1

Characterization and Assessment of Water Quality using Statistical Analysis for Tiruchirappalli City, Tamil Nadu, India

Swagata Chakraborty, J. Fowmitha Banu, K. Sridhar, P. Vignesh, P. Kalaipriya, M. Govindaraju

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Correlation study; Regression analysis; Physicochemical parameters; quality of water; Electrical conductivity

Online: 24 March 2023 (07:50:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0504.v1

Beyond the Tide: A Comprehensive Guide to Sea Level Rise Inundation Mapping using FOSS4G

Levente Juhász, Jinwen Xu, Randall W. Parkinson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: sea level rise; flood; climate change; coastal mapping; inundation mapping; FOSS4G

Online: 8 November 2023 (15:52:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1945.v1

Groundwater Level Trend Analysis and Prediction in the Upper Crocodile (West) Basin, South Africa

Tsholofelo Mmankwane Tladi, Julius Musyoka Ndambuki, Thomas Otieno Olwal, Sophia Sudi Rwanga

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Rainfall; Groundwater; Mann-Kendall; Upper Crocodile; Characterisation; Cross-correlation; Autocorrelation; lag time; Gradient Boosting; Machine Learning

Online: 29 May 2023 (02:19:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1660.v1

Decreasing access to water and coping strategies to shortage in informal settlements of Calabar, Nigeria.

Julius Uti Nchor, Leonard Edadi Ukam

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water; water accessibility; water system; resilient; coping strategies; households.

Online: 25 September 2023 (08:15:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1165.v1

Groundwater Level Prediction with Machine Learning to Support Sustainable Irrigation in Water Scarcity Regions

Wanru Li, Mekuanent Muluneh Finsa, Kathryn Blackmond Laskey, Paul Houser, Rupert Douglas-Bate

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: machine learning; groundwater table; ground water level; sustainable irrigation; drinking water; water-scarcity regions; AI; gradient boosting regression

Online: 18 September 2023 (14:50:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1549.v1

CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON THE WATER RESOURCE OF ARBA RIVER CATCHMENT, AWASH RIVER BASIN, ETHIOPIA

Hailu Mosisa Chala, Wegayehu Demise Tegene, Abera Girma Niguse

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: climate change; water potential; RCM; Arba River; Ethiopia

Online: 24 July 2023 (10:57:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0970.v1

Generation Mechanism of Hydroxyl Radical in Micro Nano Bubbles Water and Its Prospect in Drinking Water

Tianzhi Wang, Ci Yang, Peizhe Sun, Mingna Wang, Fawei Lin, Manuel Fiallos, Khu Soon-Thiam

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: micro nano bubbles; hydroxyl radical; drinking water security; pollutants; biofilm; engineering application

Online: 19 February 2024 (14:51:04 CET)

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Micro nano bubbles (MNBs) can generate ·OH in situ, which provides a new idea for the safe and efficient removal of pollutants in water supply systems. However, the difficulty in obtaining stable MNBs causes the low efficiency of ·OH generation, which makes the inability to guarantee the removal efficiency of pollutants. This paper reviews the application research of MNBs technology in water security from three aspects: the generation process of MNBs in water, the generation rule of ·OH during MNBs collapse, and the control mechanism of MNBs on pollutants and biofilms. We found that MNBs generation methods are divided into chemical and mechanical (about 10 kinds) categories, and the instability of bubble size restricts the application of MNBs technology. The generation of ·OH by MNBs is affected by pH, gas source, bubble size, temperature, external stimulation. And pH and external stimulus have more influence on ·OH generation in situ than other factors. Adjusting pH to alkaline or acidic conditions and selecting ozone or oxygen as the gas source can promote the ·OH generation. MNBs’ collapse also releases a large amount of energy, which the temperature and pressure can reach 3000K and 5Gpa respectively, making it efficient to remove ≈90 % of pollutants (i.e., trichloroethylene, benzene, and chlorobenzene). The biofilm can also be removed by physical, chemical, and thermal effect. MNBs technology also has great application potential in drinking water, which can be applied to improve water quality, optimize household water purifiers, and enhance the taste of bottled water. Under the premise of safety, let people of different ages taste, finding that compared with ordinary drinking water, 85.7 % of people think MNBs water is softer, 73.3 % of people think MNBs water is sweeter. This further proves that MNBs water has a great prospect in the drinking water application. This review provides innovative theoretical support for solving the problem of drinking water safety.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0601.v1

Changes in Magnitude and Shifts in Timing of Australian Flood Peaks

Mohammed Abdul Bari, Gnanathikkam Amirthanathan, Fitsum Woldemeskel, Paul Feikema

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: flood peaks; seasonality and timing; monotonic trends; annual maxima; Mann-Kendell tests; walker test; Australia

Online: 11 September 2023 (04:49:17 CEST)

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We analysed changes in magnitude and timing of the largest annual observed daily flow (Amax), in each water year, for 596 stations in high-value water resources catchments and flood risk locations across Australia. These stations are either included in the Bureau of Meteorology's Hydrologic Reference Stations, or used in its operational flood forecasting services. Monotonic trend (which are either consistently increasing or decreasing) analyses of the magnitude and timing of flood peaks (estimated using Amax) were performed using Theil-Sen and Mann-Kendell approach and circular statistics to identify strength of seasonality and timing. Regional significance at the drainage division scale was analysed using the Walker test. Monotonic decreasing trends in Amax flood magnitude were detected in the Murray-Darling River basin and in other drainage divisions in Victoria, south-west and mid-west of Western Australia and South Australia. No significant obvious pattern in Amax magnitude was detected in northern Queensland, coastal NSW, central Australia and Tasmania. Only the Tanami-Timor Sea Coast drainage division in northern Australia showed monotonic increasing trends. Monotonic trends in Amax magnitude were regionally significant at the drainage division scale. We found two distinct patterns in flood seasonality and timing. In the northern and southern parts of Australia, flood peaks generally occur during February to March and August to October, respectively. The strength of this seasonality varies across the country. Weaker seasonality was detected for locations in the Murray-Daring River basin, and stronger seasonality was evident in northern Australia, south-west of Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. The trends of seasonality and timing reveal that in general, flood peaks are occurring later in the water year in recent years. In northern Australia, flood peaks are generally occurring earlier – at a rate of 12 days/decade. In Victoria, New South Wales and Tasmania, trends in timing are generally mixed. However, in the south-west of Western Australia, the largest change in timing was evident – with Amax peaks commencing later at a rate of 15 days/decade. Decadal variability in flood timing was found at the drainage division scale as well. Most stations show a decreasing trend in Amax magnitude, but how that trend is associated with the change in timing is not clear.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0214.v1

Worldwide Surveillance Actions and Initiatives of Drinking Water Quality: A Scoping Review

Rayssa Horacio Lopes, Cícera Renata Diniz Vieira Silva, Ísis de Siqueira Silva, Pétala Tuani Cândido de Oliveira Salvador, Léo Heller, Severina Alice da Costa Uchôa

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Drinking water; potable water; public health surveillance; quality control; government.

Online: 15 September 2022 (02:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1713.v1

Proposed Flood Mitigation using Backwater in Highly Developed Watersheds with Consideration of Crop Calendars and Spatial Resolution: Toward Consensus Formation

Yohei Ueno, Taichi Tebakari, Keigo Noda, Kazuhiro Yoshimi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Flood Mitigation; Backwater; Crop Calendar; Floodwater Diversion

Online: 27 October 2023 (02:48:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2052.v1

Geomicrobiological Control on Arsenic Heterogeneity – The Taciturn Factor Controlled by Rural Sanitation System

Pinaki Ghosh, Debjani Mandal, Mina Aghababaei, Jishnu Adhikari, Indranil Saha, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Debashis Chatterjee, Abhishek Basu, Santanu Majumder

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Groundwater; Surface water; Arsenic; Sanitary risk score; Fecal coliform score

Online: 28 June 2023 (15:54:39 CEST)

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Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater is a common problem in BDP. The alkaline pH of the groundwater provides favourable condition for geomicrobiochemical processes, where organic matter also plays an important role in mobilization of As. The total arsenic content (AsT) of the groundwater is in the range of 69-178 µgL-1 with mean value of 118.58 µgL-1. The groundwater quality of monitored drinking water wells are related to local land–use pattern and rural sanitation installation and practices (which can have a strong influence on microbial contamination). The study indicates that As heterogeneity, probably a consequence of microbial heterogeneity is a feature of the study area. The excessive total and fecal coliform (TC and FC) count of the ponds possibly suggest uncontrolled surface run offs and sewage leakage, notably from nearby pit-latrine, which increased the microbial contamination in these water sources. The tube wells located in close proximity (~ 2-3 m) of the surveyed ponds are also contaminated with high TC and FC values, due to faulty water supply system, pond water infiltration and cracked tube well platforms. Coliforms may influence geomicrobiological processes in groundwater and thereby, contribute in As release and mobilization. The TC and FC values of monitored tube wells and ponds show seasonal variation, with high TC and FC values during wet season. Attempt has been made to focus on sanitation risk of the monitored wells (based on sanitation and fecal coliform scores) which is usually less explored. The sanitary risk score reveal the need of immediate attention to all the sites, as 25.0 %, 58.3 %, 11.1 % and 5 % of tube wells of the six sites fell under very high risk (sanitary risk score ≥ 9), high risk (sanitary risk score 6-8), intermediate risk (sanitary risk score 3-5) and low risk category (sanitary risk score 0-2), respectively. Fecal coliform score classified all the sites under intermediate risk category (FC count 10-100 per 100 ml of water). The predominance of As heterogeneity particularly in areas under high risk category (showing high TC and FC contamination) is observed along with the similar sinusoidal pattern of TC, FC and AsT content. Finally, this study shed light on the factors responsible for unsafe nature of monitored tube wells and the influence of anthropogenic activities on the microenvironment of the groundwater, which could be a probable reason behind the As heterogeneity in the groundwater of the study area.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0272.v1

Biopolymer Chitosan-Activated Charcoal Adsorptive Composite Material: A Feasible Approach to Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Water

Arun Kumar Shukla, Javed Alam, Janne Ruokolainen, Kavindra Kumar Kesari

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: activated charcoal; chitosan; biopolymer; methylene blue; dye removal

Online: 5 October 2023 (10:15:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2203.v1

Disinfection of Digestate Effluents Using Photocatalytic Nano-Filtration

Afroditi G. Chioti, Georgia Sarikaki, Vasiliki Tsioni, Eleni Kostopoulou, George Em. Romanos, Polycarpos Falaras, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: disinfection; indicator pathogens; TiO2 photocatalysis; photocatalytic nanofiltration reactor; membrane filtration; anaerobic digestion; liquid digestate

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:36:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0495.v1

Evaluation of Various Generalized Pareto Probability Distributions for Flood Frequency Analysis

Cristian Gabriel Anghel, Cornel Ilinca

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: floods; frequency analysis; extreme value statistics; Pareto; Wakeby; estimation parameters; approximate form; method of ordinary moments; method of linear moments

Online: 29 March 2023 (02:29:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1243.v1

New Process for the Treatment of Polluted Water Using the Coupling of Nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and Intense Magnetic System

Hajer Tlili, Anis Elaoud, Nedra Asses, Atef Masmoudi, Karima Horchani-Naifer, Mounir Ferhi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water treatment; nanoparticles; Fe3O4; magnetic field

Online: 19 September 2023 (08:58:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0802.v1

Turbulence Kinetic Energy and High-order Moments of Veloc-ity Fluctuations of Flows in the Presence of Submerged Vegetation in Pools

Mohammad Reza Tabesh, Parsa Parvizi, Hossein Afzalimehr, Jueyi Sui

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Vegetation canopy; Pool; Reynolds shear stresses; Skewness coeficients.; Turbulent kinetic energy

Online: 11 May 2023 (05:36:01 CEST)

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In the presence of aquatic plants in streams, a variety of flow structures have been reported. Re-sults of earlier investigations indicated that the hydrodynamic features of flows in rivers, and streams are influenced by a wide range of submerged and non-submerged vegetation. In the pre-sent study, eight experiment runs were conducted in two artificial pools built in a laboratory flume to assess the flow structures across vegetation cover. The slopes for entrance and exit sec-tions of these two pools are of 5 and 10 degrees, respectively. A patch of artificial grass covered the entire pool area over the gravel bed. The effect of stream flow velocity was investigated by considering two aspect ratios of 2 and 2.7. Also, distributions of flow velocity, Reynolds normal and shear stresses, turbulence intensities, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and higher-order mo-ments of velocity fluctuations have been investigated. By means of quadrant analysis, it is found that the skewness coefficients of velocity profiles are significant parameters to evaluate. Based on skewness values for the bursting processes, along the pool entrance section with a smaller slope, the contribution of sweep motion occurs in a more restricted zone above the canopy, and this im-plies that the ejection motion occurs in a pool entrance section with a higher slope. Immediately above the vegetation canopy, the dominant process is the sweep motion of bursting events. Whereas, at the upstream boundary of the vegetation patch, an outward motion with slightly pos-itive value occurs; and around the downstream boundary of the vegetation patch, the isotropic turbulence appears at the boundary of the vegetation and gravel bed. Over the vegetation canopy in the pool, less mixing eddies result in lower Reynolds shear stress values, and thus the turbulent flow becomes weak with lower turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). Because of the shallow flow in an artificial channel with an aspect ratio less than five and the availability of vertical non-zero ve-locity components, secondary currents become stronger in the channel. Consequently, there is a divergence from a linear dispersion of Reynolds shear stress.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1167.v1

Water Energy Food Nexus in Urbanizing Wetlands: Challenges and Solutions Explored through Choremes and Focus Maps

Dragos BALAICAN, Katrin Teubner, Mihaela-Iuliana Tudor, Iulian NICHERSU, Adrian Burada, Cristian Trifanov, Marian Tudor, Catalina Iticescu, Luminita Moraru, Puiu Lucian Georgescu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: decision makers visualization tools; WEF nexus visualization; Choremes; Focus maps

Online: 20 February 2024 (17:25:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0534.v1

Driving Factors of the Hydrological Response of a Tropical Watershed: the Ankavia River Basin in Madagascar

Zonirina Ramahaimandimby, Alain Randriamaherisoa, Marnik Vanclooster, Charles L. Bielders

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Madagascar; Ankavia catchment; hydrological signatures; catchment descriptors; driving factors

Online: 8 May 2023 (11:55:37 CEST)

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Understanding the hydrological behavior of watersheds and their driving factors is crucial for sustainable water resources management. However, at large scales, this task remains challenging due to the spatial heterogeneity in landscapes, topography, land use, geology, and soil properties. In this context, the aim of this study was to identify the key factors that influence the hydrological system of four watersheds: Ankavia (WS1: 55% forest cover), Ankaviabe (WS2: 77% forest cover), Sahafihitry (WS3: 41% forest cover), and Antsahovy (WS4: 48% forest cover), over a 10-month study period. These catchments are located within the SAVA region of northeastern Madagascar and have a humid-tropical climate. We investigated the relationship between selected catchment descriptors (CD) and hydrological signatures (HS) by using a Pearson coefficient-based correlation matrix. More specifically, CD extracted from topography/morphology (T), land use (LU), soil (S), and geological characteristics (G) were correlated with HS, including base flow index (BFI), runoff coefficient (rc), peak flow (Qp), runoff event time scales (ts), high flows (Q5), low flows (Q95), and mean discharge (q_mean). The analysis revealed that land use, soil properties, and geology seem to be the best predictors for BFI and Q95, while soil properties mainly govern rc, Qp, Q5, ts, and q_mean. These findings provide valuable insights into the key drivers of hydrologic behavior that can inform water resource management strategies. In particular, WS2 has better flood buffering capacity but suffers from lower base flows in the dry season potentially due to higher evapotranspiration. Conversely, WS3 and WS4 (and to a lesser extent WS1) have lower flood buffering capacity, but these watersheds experience less pronounced low flows in the dry season due to higher base flow index resulting from lower evapotranspiration. The results emphasize the importance of sustainable land use practices and conservation efforts, which are essential for the sustainable development of the region. By incorporating these practices into water management strategies, we can help ensure a more stable and reliable water supply for communities and ecosystems within the region.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0207.v1

Improvement of MBBR Performance by the Addition of 3D-Printed Biocarriers Fabricated with 13X and Bentonite

Dimitra C. Banti, Petros Samaras, Afroditi G. Chioti, Anastasios Mitsopoulos, Michail Tsangas, Antonis Zorpas, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: moving bed biofilm reactor; K1 biocarriers; 3D-printed biocarriers; biofilm; SMP; EPS; activated sludge; wastewater treatment

Online: 2 June 2023 (13:44:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0410.v1

Treated Wastewater Assessment to Optimize Agricultural Water Reuse in Al-Qatif Region Saudi Arabia Using Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques

Syed Muzzamil Hussain Shah, Mohamed A. Yassin, Sani I. Abba, Dahiru U. Lawal, Farouq Aliyu, Ebrahim Hamid Hussain Al-Qadami, Zahiraniza Mustaffa, Chaitanya B. Pande, Saad Sh. Sammen, Isam H. Aljundi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: electrical conductivity; treated waste water; machine learning; prediction analysis; agricultural irrigation; water security; SDG-6

Online: 7 March 2024 (07:53:10 CET)

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In the era of mounting water scarcity, particularly in arid regions, the agricultural sector is striving to optimize the water resource management practices. Treated wastewater (TWW) has emerged as a viable alternative to freshwater for irrigation, offering a sustainable solution to water conservation. However, ensuring the safety and quality of TWW is paramount to safeguard for both crop health and environmental integrity. Electrical conductivity (EC), a critical factor in assessing TWW suitability for irrigation, can significantly impact crop yields and soil health since it is directly linked to the concentration of dissolved salts and ions. Therefore, this study delves into the development of advanced predictive models for EC assessment by employing supervised machine learning (ML) techniques like the Support Vector Regression (SVR), Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The TWW samples collected from Al-Qatif area, Saudi Arabia were assessed in the lab through a sensor-based real-time monitoring system integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) network and a multiprobe device. The key water quality parameters assessed involved, temperature (T), pH, Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP), Resistivity (RES), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Salinity and Turbidity which served as the foundation for these models, given their profound influence on and their anticipated impact on EC levels. Following feature selection, two distinct model combinations were identified for the SVR, ANFIS and MLR models. Furthermore, to evaluate prediction performance, four statistical criteria, including coefficient of determination (R²), correlation coefficient (R), mean square error (MSE), and root mean square error (RMSE), were employed. Overall, the comparative performance results proved that ANFIS-M2 indicated the strongest predictive capability with the R² value of 0.99572 and 0.75145 and the RMSE values of 0.00965 and 0.01134, respectively in both calibration and verification stages.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0490.v1

Ant Colony Based Artificial Neural Network to Predict Spatial and Temporal Variation in Multiple Groundwater Quality Parameters

Bhavya Ravinder, Lakshmanan Elango

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Artificial neural network; Ant colony optimization; Groundwater quality; Prediction

Online: 8 May 2023 (09:18:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1506.v1

Quantifying the Seasonal Crop Water Requirements of Mature Full-bearing Japanese Plum Orchards: A Review

Nonofo Motsei, Nebojša Jovanović, Timothy Dube, Munashe Mashabatu, Ubaidullah Mathews, Yolanda Nqumkana

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: agricultural water management; crop water requirements; evapotranspiration; Japanese plums

Online: 24 October 2023 (10:56:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1357.v1

Analysis of Water Quality Parameters and Their Variations on Recreational Activities in the Greater Plettenberg Bay

Zovuyo Kolwapi, Karabo Shale, Solomon Eghosa Uhunamure

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Recreational activities; water quality parameters; contamination; variation; Plettenberg Bay

Online: 21 August 2023 (03:09:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1146.v1

Mapping Aquifer Water Quality in the Western Fringes of Beni-Suef Governorate for Sustainable Agriculture

Mohamed Elsharkawy

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Groundwater; Irrigation water quality; GIS; Arid land

Online: 15 June 2023 (12:42:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0653.v1

Exploring Cobalt Doping Methods for Enhancing Blue-TiO2 Catalyst Efficiency

Roberta Irodia, Camelia Ungureanu, Veronica Sătulu, Vasilica Mihaela Mîndroiu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Nanostructures; Blue-TiO2 nanotubes; Antimicrobial; Antibiotics; Photocatalytic

Online: 11 July 2023 (09:25:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1731.v1

Assessing the Suitability of the SWAT Model for Hydro-Meteorological Analysis in the Lower Gangetic Floodplain Region of India

Jaan H. Pu, Mali Shivashankar, Moumita Kundu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: SWAT model; sensitivity analysis; SUFI-2 algorithm; river discharge; sediment yield

Online: 24 January 2024 (21:12:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0283.v1

The Behaviour of Polymeric Pipes in Drinking Water Distribution System. Comparison with Other Pipe Materials

Daniela Simina Stefan, Magdalena Bosomoiu, Georgeta Teodorescu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: tap water; polymeric pipe; concrete pipe; iron pipe; lead pipe; leaching; corrosion.

Online: 5 September 2023 (11:53:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1266.v1

Can Short-Term Online-Monitoring Improve the Current WFD Water Quality Assessment Regime? Systematic Resampling of High Resolution Data From Four Saxon Catchments

Jakob Benisch, Björn Helm, Xin Chang, Peter Krebs

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Online monitoring, Sampling; Water Framework Directive; Event Analysis; Water Quality; Events

Online: 22 February 2024 (03:36:17 CET)

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The European Union Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC; WFD) aims to achieve a good ecological and chemical status of all bodies of surface water by 2027. The development of an integrated guidance on surface water chemical monitoring (e.g. WFD Guidance Document No. 7/19) has been transferred into national German law (Ordinance for the Protection of Surface Waters, OGewV). For the majority of compounds, this act requires a monthly sampling frequency to assess the chemical water quality status of a surface water body. To evaluate the representativeness of the sampling strategy under the OGewV, high-frequency online monitoring data is investigated under different sampling scenarios and compared with current, monthly grab sampling strategy. About 23 million data points were analyzed for this study, three chemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, nitrate-nitrogen, chloride concentration) and discharge data were selected from four catchment of different sizes ranging from 51391 km² to 84 km² (Elbe, Vereinigte Mulde, Neiße and two stations at Lockwitzbach). In this paper we proposed short-term online-monitoring (STOM) as a sampling alternative. STOM considers the placement of online sensors over a limited duration and return interval. In general we: (I) compare the results of conventional grab sampling with STOM, (II) investigate the different performance of STOM and grab sampling using discharge data as proxy for analyzing event-mobilized pollutants and (III) investigate the related uncertainties and costs of both sampling methods. Results show, that STOM outperforms grab sampling for parameters where minimum/maximum concentrations are required by law as the probability to catch a single extreme value is higher with STOM. Furthermore, parameters showing a pronounced diurnal pattern, like dissolved oxygen, are also captured considerably better. The performance of STOM showed no substantial improvements for parameters with small concentration variability, as nitrogen-nitrate The analysis of discharge events as a proxy parameter for event-mobilized pollutants proved that the probability of capturing samples during events is significantly increased by STOM.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0284.v1

Automatic River Planform Recognition Tested on Chilean Rivers

Andrea Gianni Cristoforo Nardini, Francisca Salas, Zoila Carrasco, Noelia Valenzuela, Renzo Rojas, José Vargas-Baecheler, Santiago Paul Yepez

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: River Planform; River Reaches; Automatic Identification; Geomorphics Elements and Units; Biobío Basin

Online: 5 June 2023 (09:02:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0447.v1

Municipal Solid Waste Fly Ash-Derived Zeolites as Adsorbents for the Recovery of Nutrients and Heavy Metals – a Review

Christian Vogelsang, Muhammad Umar

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: waste-as-resource; zeolite-precursor; sorption; surface-modified zeolites; ammonium; phosphate; reuse; regeneration

Online: 7 September 2023 (05:03:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1493.v1

Water Conflicts in Chile: Have We Learned Anything From Colonial Times?

Elisa Blanco, Guillermo Donoso, Pablo Camus

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Institutional Analysis and Development Framework (IADF); Hydropolitics; Water management; Water governance; Colonial period; Water conflicts

Online: 21 July 2023 (12:48:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0383.v1

Water Balance Driven by Land Use and Land Cover Change across the Amazon Basin

Celso Bandeira de Melo Ribeiro, Binayak Mohanty, Otto Corrêa Rotunno Filho, Eduarda Trindade Filgueiras, Luciano Nóbrega Rodrigues Xavier, Afonso Augusto Magalhães de Araujo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water cycle; Amazon basin; deforestation

Online: 9 October 2023 (09:34:22 CEST)

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Despite the overall extension of the Amazon basin (approximately 6,000,000),which encompasses such a complex ecosystem and territories belonging to seven different nations, it is worth mentioning that environmental assessment related to changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in this region are often conducted respecting geopolitical boundaries associated with each country or taking into account the so-called Amazon biome. With the purpose of prospecting the intricate and hidden hydrological patterns, we undertake an in-depth evaluation of the water balance along the 2001-2021 time span across the whole basin, whose behavior depends on the features deriving from the metamorphoses in land use and land cover. To accomplish that task, the influence of the components of the water balance, namely rainfall and evapotranspiration, jointly with the terrestrial topographic mapping, are examined to investigate the interactions among the physical mechanisms that make up the hydrological cycle and the corresponding physical hydrological processes triggered by deforestation and reforestation in the region. More specifically, the modeling approach was rigorously designed to also consider, separately or not Negro, Solimões, Madeira, Tapajós and Xingu hydrographic sub-basins, which are the most important ones of the Amazon basin. The results highlight that, in the southern region of the Amazon, specifically within the Madeira river sub-basin, the lowest forest coverage is observed (56.0%), whereas in the northern Negro river sub-basin, the most notable forest coverage is observed (85.0%).The most preserved forest areas, such as the Negro and Solimões river sub-basins, with percentages of 81.9% and 74.2%, respectively, have higher annual rates of precipitation and evapotranspiration over time. On the other hand, regions that suffered the most intense deforestation along the time period studied, such as the Madeira, Tapajós and Xingu sub-basins, have lower annual rates of precipitation and evapotranspiration, with a preservation percentage of 54.6%, 62.6% and 70, 7%, respectively. As the pace of deforestation slowed between 2003 and 2013, annual precipitation rates increased by 12.0%, while evapotranspiration decreased by 2.0%. The hydrological findings of this paper highlight th predominant role of the forest in the context of the global water balance of the Amazon basin and the potential to also produce distinct impacts within different parts of the basin in terms of having more or less rainfall and evaporation. In addition, those variabilities in the hydrological operational components and mechanisms due to changes in land cover and land use also reveals the potential impacts that could be expected in the surrounding areas, closer or farther, notably beyond the limits of the Amazon basin.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1369.v1

Adsorption of Safranin O Dye by Alginate/Pomegranate Peels Beads: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies

Amina Abbaz, Sihem Arris, Gianluca Viscusi, Asma Ayat, Halima Aissaoui, Yasser Boumezough

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: alginate; pomegranate, cationic dye; adsorption; adsorbent; isotherm

Online: 23 October 2023 (09:42:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0608.v1

Performance of a Solar Driven Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Mirela Alina Constantin, Lucian Alexandru Constantin, Ioana Alexandra Ionescu, Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu, Marius Bumbac, Olga Tiron

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: PMR; solar light; wastewater; advanced treatment; photo catalysis; membrane processes

Online: 12 February 2024 (09:45:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0645.v1

Who Is Being Left behind in Water Security towards the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda?

Rose Ingutia

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water security; sustainable development goals; critically water insecure countries; education; health; nutrition

Online: 11 September 2023 (10:09:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0586.v1

Exploration of Microalgae-Activated Sludge (Mas) Growth Performance in Lab-Scale Photobioreactor at Outdoor Environmental Condition for Wastewater Biotreatment

Abraham Olamilekan James, Abayomi Oluwatobiloba Bankole, Caroline Moço Erba Pompei, Gustavo Alencar Silva Almeida Dantas, Graziele Ruas, Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro Da Silva

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Microalgae-Activated Sludge; Nutrients recovery; Pollutant removal; Total Coliform and Escherichia coli removal

Online: 9 November 2023 (07:45:01 CET)

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Environmental and Earth Sciences