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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1584.v1

Diffuse Neurofibroma of the Scalp Associated with Debilitating Headaches: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review

Michelle R. Anthony, Dory Esther Arevalo Salazar, Christopher Farkouh, Parsa Abdi, Faiza Amatul-Hadi, Achyut K. Bhattacharya

Subject: Pathology And Pathobiology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: neurofibroma; headache; histopathological; peripheral nerve sheath tumor

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:57:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1587.v1

Qingyang Sachet: Literature Review on Traditional Crafts in Sustainable Development

Di Zheng, Yihan Ke

Subject: Art, Arts And Humanities Keywords: qingyang sachet; traditional crafts; sustainable development; literature review

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:50:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1552.v1

Polysaccharide-Based Bioplastics: Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Solutions for Packaging

Ashoka Gamage, Punniamoorthy Thiviya, Anuradhi Liyanapathiranage, M.L. Dilini Wasana, Yasasvi Jayakodi, Amith Bamdara, Asanga Manamperi, Rohan S. Dassanayake, Philippe Evon, Othmane Merah, Terrence Madhujith

Subject: Surfaces, Coatings And Films, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: Active packaging; Alginates; Bioplastics; Carrageenan; Cellulose; Chitin; Chitosan; Gellan gum; Intelligent packaging; Polysaccharides; Starch

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:46:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1580.v1

Expression of Syntaxin 18 in Peregrinus maidis and Design of Its dsRNA Fragments towards a Targeted RNAi Biopesticide for Insect Vector Control

Hannah Corinne T. Cantaros, Charlene Niebres, Ruth Alessandra Banasihan, Argel L. Arenas, Karen B. Alviar

Subject: Insect Science, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Corn planthopper; Maize mosaic virus; RNAi; Syntaxin 18

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:45:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1561.v1

Assessment of Procrastination Levels and Demographic Associations Among Nursing Students in Bengaluru Colleges

Sini George

Subject: Psychiatry And Mental Health, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Procrastination; Nursing students; Time management; Academic performance; Demographic factors

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:44:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1544.v1

“Selected” Exosomes from Sera of Elderly Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: Their Impact on the Blood-Brain-Barrier Function

Pauline GUILLOT, Sebastien CELLE, Nathalie BARTH, Frederic ROCHE, Nathalie PEREK

Subject: Life Sciences, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: elderly; obstructive sleep apnea; exosomes; biomarkers; blood-brain-barrier; tau; amyloid; tight junction proteins

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:43:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1581.v1

On the Salient Limits of Strings in Assembly Theory

Wawrzyniec Bieniawski, Piotr Masierak, Szymon Łukaszyk

Subject: Mathematical Physics, Physical Sciences Keywords: assembly theory; complexity measures; information entropy; mathematical physics

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:20:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1577.v1

Influence of Selected Processing Variables on Quality Attributes of Cocoa Pod-Husk Pellets

Simeon Olatayo Jekayinfa, Christopher Chintua Enweremadu

Subject: Energy And Fuel Technology, Engineering Keywords: Biomass; cocoa pod husk; pellets; biofuel; compression ratio

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:00:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1572.v1

Dietary Regulation of Lipid Metabolism in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Fetal Macrosomia

Natalya Frankevich, Vitaliy Chagovets, Alisa Tokareva, Natalia Starodubtseva, Elizaveta Limonova, Gennady Sukhikh, Vladimir Frankevich

Subject: Public Health And Health Services, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: macrosomia; gestational diabetes mellitus; obesity; lipidome; mass-spectrometry; diet therapy

Online: 20 September 2024 (04:46:16 CEST)

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The primary therapeutic method for correcting hyperglycemia today is diet therapy. Lipids are not only a source of nutrients but can also act as initiators of adipocyte differentiation in the fetus, which explains the development of fetal macrosomia and future metabolic disorders in children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Changes in the profile of circulating lipids in the maternal bloodstream, depending on adherence to a rational diet among mothers with GDM and the development of fetal macrosomia, is a complex and not fully understood process. The aim of the study was to examine the characteristics of the lipid profile in the blood plasma of pregnant women with GDM in all trimesters of pregnancy based on adherence to diet therapy. The design of the clinical part of the work was carried out within the framework of a 'case-control' study.The study included 110 women, 80 of whom were in the control group, 20 in the group with GDM adhering to the diet, and 10 in the group with GDM not adhering to the diet. The laboratory part was conducted as part of a longitudinal dynamic study with venous blood samples taken at three points: 11-13, 24-26, and 30-32 weeks of pregnancy.A significant impact of diet therapy on the blood lipid composition throughout pregnancy was demonstrated, starting as early as the first trimester. ROC analysis showed high effectiveness of the developed models with an AUC of 0.98 for the "30-32 weeks" model, with sensitivity and specificity of 1 and 0.9, respectively. An association was found between diet, maternal blood lipid composition at 32 weeks of pregnancy, and newborn weight. The direction of changes in the lipid spectrum during the development of macrosomia and diet therapy is diametrically opposed. This confirms at the molecular level that diet therapy can normalize not only carbohydrate but also lipid metabolism in the mother and fetus. Based on the obtained data, it can be suggested that after validation, the developed models could be used to refine the prognosis of macrosomia development based on the lipid profile of blood plasma at different stages of pregnancy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1433.v1

Feature Coding and Graph via Transformer: Different Granularities Classification for Aircrafts

Jianghao Rao, Senlin Qin, Zongyan An, Jianlin Zhang, Qiliang Bao, Zhenming Peng

Subject: Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: fine-grained; aircraft recognition; label divisions; swin-transformer

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:47:37 CEST)

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Against the background of the sky, imaging and perception of aircraft are cru- cial. Among these, the location of aircrafts is not a very difficult problem in general, because that deep learning algorithms and object detection models based on convolutional neural network(CNN) are ever-evolving. In order to have a better identification of various aircrafts, or to accurately locate different types of flying targets in the sky, it becomes significant to distinguish and recognize different types of aircrafts. One question is that, distinguishing and recognizing between sub-categories of aircrafts pose great challenges. Although fine-grained recognition focuses on exploring and studying such problems, aircrafts under different sub-categories and granularities lead us to rethink the application of features. We noticed that features in swin-transformer demonstrates the under- standing and processing of images, fully showcasing the encoding and indexing of information. Through this research and proposed approach, we discovered a better understanding of features encoding and use, which are inspired by the feature encoding and computation in swin-transformer. In our paper, our ap- proach has achieved effects on features encoded graphically, manifested from the architecture design and convolutional neural network computation, and outper- forms other famous fine-graiend classification models on this issue. Not only approach we proposed has demonstrated superior performance in fine-grained aicraft classification, but also the mechanisms of the feature encoding under different sample space partitions is revealed for this issue, which provides a re- search for the representation of aircraft fineness characteristics. The relationship between representation orientation of aircraft feature information under various grained divisions, shows that the recognition of different categories according to man-made, such as aircraft, can be achieved by means of the feature represen- tations studied in this paper, for more specific defined classification tasks and various man-made targets partition criteria, which may influences the princi- ple of design for calculation and feature extraction in fine-grained classification models.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1376.v1

The Influence of Internal Factors on the Growth Dynamics of Fish

Dana Andreea Șerban, Alin Cristian Barbacariu, Marian Burducea, Mihaela Ivancia, Șteofil Creangă

Subject: Aquatic Science, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Romanian carp varieties; morphological development; Fulton's condition factor; ecological adaptation; ontogenic stages; genetic diversity

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:44:10 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1388.v1

Automating Portfolio Replication with Stock Market Algorithms

Srinivas Raju Gottimukkala

Subject: Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: financial; portfolios; S&; P 500; stakeholders; stock

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:35:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0643.v2

Entrop-Hesitationistic-Fuzz-TOPSIS: A Novel Entropy Based Hesitant Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS for Web Service Optimization

Paul Aazagreyir, Peter Appiahene, James Ami-Narh, William Leslie Brown-Acquaye

Subject: Computer Science, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: Web service optimization; Quality of Service (QoS); Hesitant Intuitionistic Fuzzy Linguistic Terms; TOPSIS; Entropy Objective weights

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:32:19 CEST)

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In the fast-evolving landscape of web services, success relies on optimizing efficiency, reliability, and user satisfaction. Decision-making in real-world applications demands a blend of quantitative (numerical values of quality of Service factors) and qualitative data of experts’ ratings of the quality of service factors. This paper proposes an optimization technique that integrates Hesitant and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Linguistic Terms with TOPSIS, leveraging Entropy Objective weights. There is limited research on Hesitant Intuitionistic Fuzzy Linguistic terms and the need to model fuzziness, haste and intuition in data precisely from experts rating. Thus, this article introduces an Entropy-based model tailored for web service optimization. Using the WS-DREAM dataset, quantitative data was extracted and objective weights were determined through the Entropy algorithm and qualitative evaluations from five experts, employing Hesitant Intuitionistic Fuzzy Linguistic Terms, were integrated. The process involved computing criteria weights and experts' assessment of Quality of Service factors for four services (S1, S2, S3, and S4) to form the Fuzzy Decision Matrix using modified Online output software. Applying the proposed technique to a web service optimization problem validated its effectiveness. The results indicated optimal selection of S1 as the best web service, supported by Coefficient Index values (0.785). This study introduces a novel approach, Entrop – Hesitationistic - Fuzz-TOPSIS, for web service optimization, integrating quantitative and qualitative data through an Entropy-based model. The effectiveness of the proposed technique, validated through application on the WS-DREAM dataset, underscores its potential in addressing real-world decision-making challenges. The optimal selection of S1 as the best web service suggests practical utility. The study encourages further exploration of this technique's applicability to diverse Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problems, opening avenues for future research and application.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1373.v1

Endoscopic Management of Post-Esophagectomy Delayed-Gastric-Conduit-Emptying (DGCE): Results from a Cohort Study in a Tertiary Referral Center with Comparison between Procedures

Giuseppe Dell’Anna, Francesco Vito Mandarino, Jacopo Fanizza, Ernesto Fasulo, Alberto Barchi, Rukaia Barà, Edoardo Vespa, Edi Viale, Francesco Azzolini, Lorella Fanti, Silvia Battaglia, Francesco Puccetti, Andrea Cossu, Ugo Elmore, Lorenzo Fuccio, Vito Annese, Alberto Malesci, Riccardo Rosati, Silvio Danese

Subject: Gastroenterology And Hepatology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: delayed gastric conduit emptying; esophagectomy; endoscopic pneumatic dilation; botulinum toxin ;

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:26:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1369.v1

Comprehensive Review Analysis and Countermeasures for Cybersecurity Threats: DDoS, Ransomware, and Trojan Horse Attacks

Naveesen Ravichandran, Tahrhunraj Tewaraja, Vishendraa Rajasegaran, Sri Sharvesh Kumar, Siva Kumar Livekha Gunasekar, Siva Raja Sindiramutty

Subject: Computer Science, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: Cybersecurity; DDoS Attacks; Ransomware; Trojan Horse; Countermeasures

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:17:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1521.v1

Spring's Signal: Can Bud Burst Timing Enhance Resistance to Ash Dieback in Europe?

Pawel Przybylski, Vasyl Mohytych, Katarzyna Sikora

Subject: Ecology, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: ash dieback; health breeding; seed orchard; selection; fungus; defoliation

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:13:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1528.v1

Assessing Nitrogen Fertilization in Processing Pepper: Critical Nitrogen Curve, and Crop Yield Response

Jose Maria Vadillo, Carlos Campillo, Valme Gonzalez, Henar Prieto

Subject: Horticulture, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: horticulture; open field; vegetative development; fruit production

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:13:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1571.v1

Review on Evaporative Cooling Systems for Application in Buildings in Hot and Dry Climates

Misrak Girma Haile, Roberto Garay Marinez, Ana Macarulla Arenaza

Subject: Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Keywords: Building; Evaporative Cooling System; Hybrid; Effectiveness; Hot-Dry Climate

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:13:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1543.v1

PerFuSIT: Personalized Fuzzy Logic Strategies for Intelligent Tutoring of Programming

Konstantina Chrysafiadi, Maria Virvou

Subject: Other, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: Fuzzy Logic; Intelligent Tutoring System; tutoring strategy; personalization; computer programming

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:13:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1385.v1

Brevundimonas aurifodinae, sp. nov., an Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototroph Resistant to Metalloid Oxyanions Isolated from Gold Mine Tailings

Chris Maltman, Katia Messner, John A. Kyndt, Vladimir Yurkov

Subject: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Aerbic anoxygenic phototroph; Brevundimonas; Brevundimonas aurifodinae; Bacteriochlorophyll a; Mine tailings; Metalloid oxide resistance; Tellurium; Selenium; Vanadium

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:10:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0960.v2

Embodying Vulnerabilities and Emotions in the Analysis of Political Hate and Threats: The Case of Nasty Rhetoric in Swedish Climate Politics

Fredrik von Malmborg

Subject: Political Science, Social Sciences Keywords: climate politics; democracy; far-right populism; hate; nasty politics; neoliberalism; threats; vulnerability

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:05:26 CEST)

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In this paper I dig deep down along the slope of what touches me deeply – a democratic decline in climate politics. I follow the course of critical researchers in management and organisation studies, striving to move away from traditional, horizontal norms of academic writing that focus on counting rather than content and elision the author from the text, towards a more vertical writing acknowledging the value of incorporating the voice of the author. Embodying and resonating with my own emotional experiences of hate and threat campaigns, not locking my own vulnerabilities in, I analyse qualitatively the use, reasons, contents, senders and targets of such nasty rhetoric in Swedish climate politics, and the implications thereof for democracy. At the moment, a far-right populist nativist party holds tangible powers dictating the content and process of Swedish climate politics. In less than two years, Swedish climate politics have turned into an antidemocratic divisive politics portraying climate science as “a point of view”, female journalists writing about climate change and climate policy as “crypto environmentalists”, “motherfuckers” and “moron hags” that should be “fired” and “raped”, and the climate justice movement as “terrorists” and “a threat to Swedish democracy” that should be “sent to prison” and “executed”. Such nasty rhetoric is used not only by anonymous trolls in social media, but by the prime minister, cabinet ministers and parliamentarians, even in debates in the Swedish parliament. It has inspired the far-right extremist movement to use physical violence. Use of nasty politics aims to silence the opponents to the government’s climate policy, the political opposition, climate scientists, the climate justice movement and journalists, breaching liberal and deliberative democratic norms such as legitimacy, accountability and justice. It is a powerful tactic that leaves its targets with an anxious fear of losing control and often a need for disappearance. Many targets resign or stay silent. I chose to break the silence and write differently about the issue.

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1418.v1

Arthropoda Catalog of the Little Sippewissett Marsh Woods Hole, Massachusetts

Tristan Ide, Josh Erched, Caroline Schafer, Karen Chuchuca

Subject: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Arthropoda; Decapoda; taxonomy; morphology; biodiversity

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:00:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1563.v1

Optimizing Power Forecasting Models with Customized Features for Academic and Industrial Buildings

David Cabezuelo, Izar Lopez-Ramirez, June Urkizu, Ander Goikoetxea

Subject: Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: power consumption prediction; machine learning models; predictive analytics; feature analysis; random forest; support vector machine (SVM); deep neuronal networks (DNN)

Online: 20 September 2024 (02:59:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1518.v1

Comparison of Large Language Models Versus Traditional Information Extraction Methods for Real World Evidence of Patient Symptomatology in Acute and Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2

Vedansh Thakkar, Greg M. Silverman, Abhinab Kc, Nicholas E. Ingraham, Emma Jones, Samantha King, Christopher J. Tignanelli

Subject: Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: Information Extraction; Natural Language Processing; Large Language Models; Electronic Health Records

Online: 20 September 2024 (02:48:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1514.v1

Determining the Principal Azimuths of Valles Marineris: A Comparative Analysis of Bezier Spline and GIS Techniques

Dan James

Subject: Space And Planetary Science, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: valles marineris; cubic polynomial splines; multidimensional optimization; medial axis; valley network; mars; principal azimuths; GIS

Online: 20 September 2024 (02:47:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1503.v1

Revolutionizing Crisis Response: Cutting-Edge Strategies for Building Organizational Resilience

Priyanka Tomar, Supriya Srivastava, Sadanand Pandey

Subject: Business And Management, Business, Economics And Management Keywords: Innovations and Employee Engagement; Organizational Resources; Organizational Culture and Values; Organizational Resilience; Crisis Management; Pharmaceutical Industries

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:20:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1508.v1

Risks and Benefits of Face Masks in Children

Kai Kisielinski, Claudia Steigleder-Schweiger, Susanne Wagner, Stephan Korupp, Stefan Hockertz, Oliver Hirsch

Subject: Public, Environmental And Occupational Health, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: Children; masks; N95; surgical mask; risk; adverse effects; long-term adverse effects; health risk assessment; toxicity; MIES syndrome

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:18:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1555.v1

State Estimation for Quadruped Robots on Non-Stationary Terrain via Invariant Extended Kalman Filter and Disturbance Observer

Mingfei Wan, Daoguang Liu, Zhigui Liu

Subject: Robotics, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: quadruped robots; invariant extended Kalman filter; state estimates; non-stationary terrain

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:17:12 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1507.v1

Brain: The Role of Criticality, Fractality, and the Darwinian Process in the Evolution of Thought and the Abstraction of the Physical World

Sangam Banerjee

Subject: Other, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Brain, Neuron, Neural Network, Memory, Critical state, Fractal Structure, Darwin

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:16:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1556.v1

Enhancing Blood Glucose Control in Individuals with Prediabetes who Are Overweight/Obese: A Randomized Clinical Trial Utilizing Individualized Nutrition Therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring

Raedeh Basiri, Lawrence J. Cheskin

Subject: Dietetics And Nutrition, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Prediabetes; Diabetes; CGM; Blood Glucose Control; Time in Range; Glucose CV%; Individualized nutrition therapy; Personalized nutrition; Overweight; Obesity; Nutrition education

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:14:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1533.v1

One-X Property Conjecture, Stochastic Orders and Implied Volatility Surface Construction

Zeyu Cao, Siqiao Zhao, Shaosai Huang

Subject: Finance, Business, Economics And Management Keywords: Convex order, "One-X" property, imported volatility, synthetic data generation, stop-loss order

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:13:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1509.v1

The Role of Feather Pre-Treatment and Alkaline Hydrolysis Conditions in Enhancing the Antioxidant Activity of Keratin

Agara Sommer, Antoni Taraszkiewicz, Hanna Staroszczyk

Subject: Food Chemistry, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: alkaline hydrolysis; feather keratin; feather pre-treatment methods; antioxidant activity

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:12:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1506.v1

Sustainability Education in Formal and Non-Formal Education Materials. A Scoping Review

Paschalina Stylianou

Subject: Education, Social Sciences Keywords: quality education, sustainability, educational material, socio-cultural theory

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:11:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1454.v1

Silica Accumulation in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Plants and Implications for Potato Yield Performance – Results from Field Experiments in Ne Germany

Daniel Puppe, Jacqueline Busse, Mathias Stein, Danuta Kaczorek, Christian Buhtz, Jörg Schaller

Subject: Agricultural Science And Agronomy, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Phytogenic silica; crop production; phytoliths; sustainability; biogenic silica; stress resilience; plant available silicon; silica amendment; long-term field experiment

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:10:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1523.v1

Common Chemical Plasticizer di(2-Ethhylhexyl) Phthalate 1 Exposure Exacerbates Coxsackievirus B3 Infection

Ramina Kordbacheh, Madelyn Ashley, William D Cutts, Taryn E Keyzer, Shruti Chatterjee, Tyler J Altman, Natalie G Alexander, Tim E. Sparer, Brandon J. Kim, Jon Sin

Subject: Virology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: coxsackievirus B3; di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; proviral; environmental factors

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:08:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1498.v1

Mean Droplet Size Prediction of Twin Swirl Airblast Nozzle at Elevated Operating Conditions

Jiaming Miao, Bo Wang, Guangming Ren, Xiaohua Gan

Subject: Aerospace Engineering, Engineering Keywords: Twin swirl airblast nozzle; Sauter mean diameter; Atomization; Prediction model; Elevated conditions

Online: 19 September 2024 (17:21:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1564.v1

Individual and Community-Level Determinants of Abortion in Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-Level Mixed Effect Logistic Regression Analysis

Amanuel Yoseph, Arsema Abebe, Yilkal Simachew, Yohans Seifu, Mehretu Belayneh

Subject: Public Health And Health Services, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: Prevalence; Determinants; Abortion; Multilevel Analysis; Southern Ethiopia

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:51:30 CEST)

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AbstractBackground: In Ethiopia, 8.6% of maternal deaths are attributed to abortion. Despite the legalization of abortion and improved accessibility of safe abortion services, almost six in 10 abortions in Ethiopia are performed outside of the health facility. Abortion considered as an indicator for various aspects of reproductive health and healthcare access within a particular region or country. Despite the significance of the problem, there is a limited understanding of the magnitude of abortion and the contributing factors in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of abortion and determinant factors among reproductive-age women in the Sidama regional state of Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 11, 2022, among 1,130 women of reproductive age. We utilized a multi-stage sampling method to select eligible women. A structured and pretested questionnaire was utilized to collect the data using Open Data Kit (ODK) mobile application. Due to the hierarchical nature of the data, a multilevel logistic regression model was applied. Variables with p-values < 0.25 on bi-variable analysis were included in a multivariable regression model. In the multivariable regression model, variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors of abortion. Results: Nearly one-fifth (19.5%) of the women had a history of abortion. From the individual level determinates; women with formal education (AOR=0.44; 95% CI: 0.24-0.79), and planned pregnancy (AOR=0.41; 95% CI: 0.28-0.61) had lower odds of abortion. While from the community related factors; urban residence increased the odds of abortion (AOR=2.25; 95% CI: 1.20-4.20) as compared to the rural residence.Conclusion: the prevalence of abortion among reproductive age women of Northern Zone of Sidama Region was high. Education and a planned pregnancy serve as protective factors for abortion, while the risk of abortion increased among women reside in urban area. Therefore, to lower the abortion rate, it is better to implement a comprehensive approach, focusing on education, family planning, and urban-specific intervention.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1560.v1

Village Organization and Sustainable Growth of Farmers' Income: An Empirical Study Based on Dynamic Survey Data of Labor Force in China

Qinghao Wang, Mingyue Gong, Chentao Zhang

Subject: Other, Social Sciences Keywords: Rural revitalization； Village organization； Degree of organization; Farmers' income; Common prosperity

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:48:39 CEST)

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Common prosperity is the core goal of rural revitalization, and sustainable growth of farmers' income is an inevitable requirement. This study uses CLDS2016-2020 village and family level questionnaire data to reveal how the degree of village organization affects the sustainable growth of farmers' income, thus providing reference and decision-making for the local government to promote the increase of farmers' income and narrow the gap from the village level. The results show that the degree of village organization can significantly affect farmers' income, and the analysis results of the degree of formal organization are consistent with them. Specifically, for every 1% increase in the degree of village organization, the per capita household income will increase by 32.4%, among which the wage income will increase by 22.6%, the operational income will increase by 5%, the property income will increase by 0.8%, and the transfer income will increase by 4.2%. The estimation results through instrumental variables are consistent, and the results are robust. At the same time, improving the degree of village organization can also significantly increase the proportion of farmers' non-agricultural income and narrow the income gap among farmers. On the impact of heterogeneity, it is found that the geographical distance between villages and county and township governments, as well as the political identity and education level of farmers will affect the role of the degree of organization. The results of mechanism analysis show that improving the degree of village organization is mainly through promoting the circulation of agricultural land, socialized service of agricultural machinery and industrial and commercial capital to the countryside to increase farmers' income. The research revealed that the modernization of rural governance should be accelerated, and the degree of village organization should be improved, especially the degree of formal organization, so as to build a benign trust and cooperation relationship between the two village committees and the villagers, and implement policies and measures to improve the income of farmers according to local conditions. At the same time, strengthen the publicity and education in party member to improve the proportion of rural party member and the education level of farmers.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1538.v1

System, Life and Modernity: Study on the Design of the Collective Residential Buildings of the People’s Commune in the Early Stage of P.R.C

Fei Yu, Lu Ye, Yi Zhu

Subject: Architecture, Arts And Humanities Keywords: Rural construction; People’ s commune; collective housing; courtyard; sideline

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:47:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1559.v1

Serum Otoconin-90 and Otolin-1 Levels in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Demet Aygun, Seyma Dumur, Mehmet Nuri Elgormus, Mehmet Serkan Alpaslan, Hafize Uzun

Subject: Clinical Medicine, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; otolith‑associated protein otoconin‑90; otolin-1; vitamin D

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:45:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1547.v1

Reducing Polypharmacy Through Team Resource Management in the Emergency Department: A Focus on Deprescribing in Elderly Patients

Hsiu-Wu Yang, Ching-Hsiang Yu, Teng-Yi Huang, Chia-Hui Huang, Yu-Jang Su

Subject: Pharmacy, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: comprehensive medication review; deprescribing; medication; polypharmacy

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:44:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1548.v1

The Role of Urban Design in Facilitating a Circular Economy: From Linear to Regenerative Cities

Williams Chibueze Munonye, George Oche Ajonye

Subject: Sustainable Science And Technology, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: circular economy; urban design; adaptive reuse; green architecture; nature‐based solutions; regenerative cities; urban planning; resource loops; sustainable development

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:02:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1540.v1

Real-Time Modelling for Design and Controlling of Material Additive Manufacturing Processes

Amir M. Horr

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: additive manufacturing, real time modelling, machine learning, hybrid physical-data driven modelling

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:58:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1522.v1

A Three-Phase Novel Angular Perturbation Technique for Metaheuristic-Based School Bus Routing Optimization

Moses Karema, Fulegnece Mwakondo Tole, Kevin Tole Tole

Subject: Mathematics, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: School bus Problem, Vehicle Routing Problem, Combinatorial optimization, NP-Hard, 13

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:55:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1551.v1

Analysis of Emergency Services on Patient Satisfaction with Social Security Administration Agency as an Intervening Variable

Anna Veronica Pont, Abdul Rashid Thalib

Subject: Public, Environmental And Occupational Health, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: BPJS; service; patient satisfaction

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:55:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1549.v1

A Systematic Review of AI-Driven Prediction of Fabric Properties and Handfeel

Yi-fan Tu, Mei-ying Kwan, Kit-lun Yick

Subject: Materials Science And Technology, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: fabric handfeel prediction; AI in textiles; textile property prediction; tactile simulation

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:54:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1557.v1

Generative Artificial Intelligence in Corporate America: A Review of Artificial Intelligence Use, Benefits, Challenges, Regulation and Cyber Security Issues

Joseph Ashley-Osuzoka, Lord Nyame, Eunice Marfo-Ahenkorah, Abigail Abrahams, Godswill Ashong, Daniel Aboagye

Subject: Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: artificial intelligence; generative AI; corporate strategy; research management; business management; threats; business performance; information technology; cyber security and regulation

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:53:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1496.v1

Generative AI and Higher Education: Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions from a Systematic Literature Review

João Batista, Anabela Mesquita, Gonçalo Carnaz

Subject: Other, Engineering Keywords: generative artificial intelligence; higher education; systematic literature review; PRISMA; ChatGPT; academic integrity; educational technology

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:45:18 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1512.v1

When Mediterranean Artisanal Fishers Protect Coastal Ecosystems

Cornelia E. Nauen

Subject: Other, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: small-scale fisheries; restoration; co-creation

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:44:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1534.v1

Efficacy of Uromune® Autovaccine in Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Management: A Unicenter Retrospective Study in Reus, Spain

Simona Iftimie, Paula Ladero-Palacio, Ana F. López-Azcona, Laia Pujol-Galarza, Antoni Pont-Salvadó, Xavier Gabaldó-Barrios, Jorge Joven, Jordi Camps, Antoni Castro, Mercè Pascual-Queralt

Subject: Urology And Nephrology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: antibiotic resistance; immunotherapy; recurrent urinary tract infections; sublingual bacterial lysate; Uromune®; vaccine

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:38:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1529.v1

A Study on the Charring Properties of Glued Laminated Korean Larch Timber Columns

Yunjeong Choi, Kwonhyuk Baik, Suho Kim, Jaehong An

Subject: Civil Engineering, Engineering Keywords: Charring properties; Fire resistance performance; Glued laminated timber; Korean larch

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:36:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1546.v1

Perception of Individualized Nursing Care in Acute Medical and Perioperative Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study

Ana Ramos, Sara Pires, Eunice Sá, Idalina Gomes, Elisabete Alves, César Fonseca, Anabela Coelho

Subject: Nursing, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: Patient individualization; Nursing care; Acute care; Perioperative care

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:35:02 CEST)

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Abstract: Individualized nursing care allows a systematic assessment and intervention, considers the patient's preferences, values, and context, and contributes to a positive care trajectory. However, its operationalization has proven to be challenging. This research aims to determine which items of nursing care individualization are most integrated into nurses' clinical practice, and those that are less included. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 eligible and registered nurses at a Hospital Center, in Ophthalmology (operating room and inpatient ward), Cardiology Service, Internal Medicine, and Medical Emergency Unit, in Portugal. The Indi-vidualized Care Scale nursing version (ICS-Nurse) was used for the assessment, including three sub-dimensions: clinical situation, personal life situation, and decisional control over care-related decisions. Analyses were performed using Cronbach's Alpha and Principal Component Analysis to confirm the relationships between the variables, suggested by the literature and previous studies. In the results, no statistically significant differences were identified between the sociodemographic profile and the sub-dimensions of individualization. Nurses overall have a good perception of the importance of individualized care (4.06 ± 0.46 ICS-A-NURSE), but face difficulties in its implementation during the last shift worked (3.97 ± 0.49 ICS-B-NURSE). The sub-dimensions more integrated into the care environment were clinical situations and decisional control, and the less integrated were the personal lives of patients. This study identifies key aspects of the individualization of nursing care in acute and perioperative settings, as its omission represents a failure to address the multidimensional health needs of patients, families, and caregivers. We suggest the development of training programs that promote a holistic approach, as well as future studies that consider patient outcomes related to the individualization of nursing care.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1545.v1

Comprehensive Geophysical Exploration Technology for Sedimentary Exhalative Deposits: An Example from the Huaniushan Lead-Zinc-Silver Polymetallic Deposit in Gansu, China

Shunji Wang, Guanwen GU, Ye Wu, Xingguo Niu, Lin Zhu, Zhihe Xu, Haoyuan He, Yingjie Wang, Xinglong Lin, Lai Cao

Subject: Geophysics And Geology, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: Sedimentary exhalative deposit; Huaniushan lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposit; Gravity, magnetic and electric exploration; Three-dimensional inversion; Three-dimensional geological-geophysical model

Online: 19 September 2024 (14:53:35 CEST)

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The Huaniushan lead-zinc-silver deposit is a hydrothermal sedimentary exhalative deposit (SEDEX). The mining area has complex geological conditions. The main tectonic structure in the area is the Huaheitan-Shuangfengshan Fault (F3), which controls the distribution of strata and magmatic rocks. Since the discovery of the Huaniushan Lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposit, there are diverse understandings of the deposit's genesis and mineralization law, making it challenging to meet the geological interpretation requirements of the Huaniushan Lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposit. Moreover, a single geophysical exploration method utilizes limited rock physical parameters, making it difficult to effectively characterize underground structures. The integrated exploration of multiple geophysical methods can effectively integrate the geophysical characteristics of different rock physical parameters, reducing the multiplicity and uncertainty of geophysical data inverse interpretation. The comprehensive interpretation of three-dimensional inversion based on various geophysical data, the construction of geological-geophysical models based on geological grounds, the establishment of hidden ore exploration and positioning, and the rapid evaluation of geophysical technology systems are the current development trends in mineral exploration. In light of this, this paper conducts research on the three-dimensional inversion interpretation of the heavy magnetoelectric exploration data of the Huaniushan sedimentary exhalative deposit lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposit in the mining area and constructs a three-dimensional geological-geophysical model of the study area based on the obtained three-dimensional physical structure of the underground three-dimensional density, magnetization intensity, resistivity, and polarizability structure of the study area, in combination with the information of related geology and drilling holes. It comprehensively interprets the favorable mineralization parts in the study area.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1558.v1

Fenoldopam for Renal Protection in Cardiac Surgery: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Evolving Perspectives

Giuseppe Cuttone, Luigi La Via, Giovanni Misseri, Giulio Geraci, Massimiliano Sorbello, Federico Pappalardo

Subject: Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; AKI; Renoprotection; Dopamine-1 Receptor Agonist; Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Renal Blood Flow; Pharmacological Intervention; Perioperative Care

Online: 19 September 2024 (14:52:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1550.v1

Emerging Role of Natriuretic Peptides in Diabetes Care: A Brief Review of Pertinent Recent Literature

Dipti Tiwari, Tar Choon Aw

Subject: Endocrinology And Metabolism, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: BNP; Diabetes; Heart Failure; Natriuretic Peptides; NT-proBNP

Online: 19 September 2024 (14:51:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1554.v1

Reframing Forest Harvest Scheduling Models for Ecosystem Services Management

Silvana Ribeiro Nobre, Marc Eric McDill, Luiz Carlos Estraviz Rodriguez, Luis Diaz-Balteiro

Subject: Environmental Science, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: forest management; strategic planning; harvest scheduling; ecosystem services modeling

Online: 19 September 2024 (14:50:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1537.v1

The Rites and Rituals of Ibe-Ugwu as a Gateway to Womanhood in Igboland; the Ukawu Example

IFEANYI OKEKE

Subject: Religious Studies, Arts And Humanities Keywords: Rites; Rituals; Gateway; Womanhood; Igboland

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:56:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1542.v1

Evaluation of Apical Irrigant Extrusion Using Two Er:YAG Laser-Activated Irrigation Modes with Three Types of Laser Tips – an Ex Vivo Model

Damir Šnjarić, Jelena Vidas Hrstić, Ivana Brekalo Pršo, Roeland De Moor, Ivona Bago

Subject: Dentistry And Oral Surgery, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Er:YAG; laser-activated irrigation; photon-induced photoacoustic streaming; root canal; sodium hypochlorite; shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:54:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1539.v1

The Detection and Classification of Scaphoid Fracture in Radiograph by Using the Convolutional Neural Network

Ming-Huwi Horng, Tai-Hua Yang, Yung-Nien Sun, Rong-Shiang Li

Subject: Bioengineering, Engineering Keywords: medical image; scaphoid bone; scaphoid fractures,; multi-view detection and segmantation; convolutional neural network

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:53:32 CEST)

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Objective: Scaphoid fractures, particularly occult and non-displaced fractures, are difficult to detect using traditional X-ray methods due to their subtle appearance and variability in bone density. The study proposes a two-stage CNN approach to detect and classify scaphoid fractures using anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral (LA) X-ray views for more accurate diagnosis. Methods: The study emphasizes the use of multi-view X-ray images (AP and LA views) to improve fracture detection and classification. The multi-view fusion module helps integrate information from both views to enhance detection accuracy, particularly for occult fractures that may not be visible in a single view. The proposed method includes two stages that are stage 1: Detect the scaphoid bone using Faster R-CNN and Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) for region proposal and small object detection. The detection accuracy for scaphoid localization is 100% with Intersection over Union (IoU) scores of 0.8662 for AP views and 0.8478 for LA views. And stage 2: Perform fracture classification using a ResNet backbone and FPN combined with a multi-view fusion module to combine features from both AP and LA views. This stage achieves a classification accuracy of 89.94%, recall of 87.33%, and precision of 90.36%. Results: The proposed model performs well in both scaphoid bone detection and fracture classification. The multi-view fusion approach significantly improves recall and accuracy in detecting fractures compared to single-view approaches. In scaphoid detection, both AP and LA views achieved 100% detection accuracy. In fracture detection, using multi-view fusion, the accuracy for AP views reached 87.16%, and for LA views, it reached 83.83%. Conclusion: The multi-view fusion model effectively improves the detection of scaphoid fractures, particularly in cases of occult and non-displaced fractures. The model provides a reliable, automated approach to assist clinicians in detecting and diagnosing scaphoid fractures more efficiently.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1541.v1

Multi-Timescale Reactive Power Optimization and Regulation Method for Distribution Networks Under Multisource Interaction Environment

Hanying Zhou, Junyu Liang, Xiao Du, Mengtong Wu

Subject: Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Engineering Keywords: distribution network; distributed energy resources; model predictive control; voltage zoning control strategy ;

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:52:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1536.v1

Key factors for BIM Implementation in the Context of ESG and SDGs Integration: A Systematic Literature Review

Wu Jing, Aidi Hizami Alias

Subject: Civil Engineering, Engineering Keywords: BIM; BIM implementation; ESG; SDGs; Systematic Literature Review; Stope Framework

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:20:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1535.v1

Leveraging Climate Data for Dengue Forecasting in Ba Ria Vung Tau Province, Vietnam: An Advanced Machine Learning Approach

Dang Anh Tuan, Tran Ngoc Dang

Subject: Health Policy And Services, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: Dengue fever; Machine learning; Climate forecasting; Negative Binomial Regression; SARIMAX; XGBoost; LSTM; Ba Ria Vung Tau; Vietnam

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:18:24 CEST)

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Dengue fever is a persistent public health issue in tropical regions, including Vietnam, where climate variability plays a crucial role in disease transmission dynamics. This study focuses on developing climate-based machine learning models to forecast dengue outbreaks in Ba Ria Vung Tau (BRVT) province, Vietnam, using meteorological data from 2003 to 2022. We utilized four predictive models—Negative Binomial Regression (NBR), Seasonal AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous Regressors (SARIMAX), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)—to predict weekly dengue incidence. Key climate variables, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind speed, were integrated into these models, with lagged variables included to capture delayed climatic effects on dengue transmission. The NBR model demonstrated the best performance in terms of predictive accuracy, achieving the lowest Mean Absolute Error (MAE) compared to other models. The inclusion of lagged climate variables significantly enhanced the model’s ability to predict dengue cases. SARIMAX and LSTM models, although effective in capturing seasonal trends, struggled with overfitting and failed to accurately predict short-term outbreaks. XGBoost exhibited moderate predictive power but was sensitive to overfitting, particularly without fine-tuning. Our findings confirm that climate-based machine learning models, particularly the NBR model, offer valuable tools for forecasting dengue outbreaks in BRVT. However, improving the models’ ability to predict short-term peaks remains a challenge. The integration of meteorological data into early warning systems is crucial for public health authorities to plan timely and effective interventions. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on climate-based disease forecasting and underscores the need for further model refinement to address the complexities of dengue transmission in highly endemic regions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1456.v1

3D Stereophotogrammetry in the Evaluation of Pediatric OSAS: Preliminary Results

Marzia Segu, Valentina Fainardi, Christian Longhi, Antonio Santagostini, Benedetta Vaienti, Marco Di Blasio, Sara Tagliaferri

Subject: Dentistry And Oral Surgery, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: sleep apnea syndrome; sleep disturbance; facial morphology; orthodontic; stereophotogrammetric method

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:47:26 CEST)

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Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction and involves intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, with potentially serious consequences for affected patients. (1–3). Although nocturnal polysomnography is the gold standard, it is an exam that is not readily available and is very expensive. (4). Hence, the need to find new diagnostic methods. Considering that the causes of OSAS can be divided into anatomical-structural ones, related to craniofacial anomalies, it has been hypothesized that anthropometric measurements taken by new 3D stereophotogrammetric systems could be useful as a diagnostic tool in pediatric patients with OSAS (5) (6). The primary objective of the study is, therefore, to evaluate the correlation between mandibular length measured between menton and gonion, obtained through 3D stereophotogrammetry using the "Face Scanner maxi 6", and the severity of OSAS (AHI classification), defined by the score of the Sleep Clinical Record (SCR) questionnaire in a group of pediatric patients with suspected obstructive sleep disorders. The secondary objective concerns the identification of possible correlations between other mandibular parameters estimated by 3D stereophotogrammetry and the severity of OSAS, defined by the McGill Oximetry Score (MOS), and the association between MOS and SCR to determine the AHI level. Materials and methods: The study considered patients who were prescribed a pulseoximetry exam due to suspected obstructive sleep disorders. All participating patients underwent a specialized orthodontic examination, which included completing the SCR questionnaire and taking facial photographs using a 3D stereophotogrammetric system. The SCR questionnaire considers 11 dental, nasal, oropharyngeal, and facial phenotype parameters to determine a final score from 0 to 18, indicating the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The acquired stereophotogrammetric images were processed using dedicated software to obtain a three-dimensional model representing the patient's facial phenotype. Subsequently, anatomical landmarks and relevant anthropometric measurements were identified on the model, and it was assessed whether one or more of these showed concordance criteria with the parameters derived from SCR and MOS. The anthropometric evaluation was performed by expert operators, taking into account mandibular variables. Results: Fifteen patients were analyzed, with 2 excluded due to alterations in the stereophotogrammetric images caused by poor patient cooperation during the acquisition of the photographs. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric measurements, obtained by 3D stereophotogrammetry, and OSAS severity, by means of SCR, MOS, and SCR+MOS. A significant and negative correlation was observed between right mandibular length (gonion-menton) and MOS (ρ=−0.586, p=0.036). Conclusions: The result obtained has important implications for the field of study and suggests that future attention should focus more on the mandibular length variable as a determining factor for OSAS. However, the sample examined was relatively small, which might obscure the correlation with contralateral mandibular length and potential correlations with other mandibular/facial parameters. Additionally, the small sample size prevented stratification by sex and age. The study thus provides an important contribution to understanding the relationships between 3D stereophotogrammetry and pediatric OSAS but also highlights the need for further research that could potentially influence future developments in diagnosing OSAS in children.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1530.v1

Mathematical Models for Removal of Pharmaceutical Pollutants in Rehabilitated Treatment Plants

Irina Meghea

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: mathematical model; Navier-Stokes equations; pharmaceutical pollutants; infiltration through membranes; flow through porous media; rehabilitation of existing cleaning plants

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:45:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1532.v1

Association Between the Korean Healthy Diet Score and Metabolic Syndrome: Effectiveness and Optimal Cutoff of the Korean Healthy Diet Score

Soo Hyun Kim, Hyojee Joung

Subject: Other, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: healthy diet score; metabolic syndrome; cut off; Korea

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:43:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1526.v1

Associated Gas Recovery Integrated with Solar Power for Produced Water Treatment: Techno-Economic & Environmental Impact Analyses

Daniel H. Chen, Fuad Samier Aziz, Gevorg Sargsyan

Subject: Energy And Fuel Technology, Engineering Keywords: Economic feasibility; tax credits; produced water; desalination; flare gas recovery; brine disposal; photovoltaic cell; solar thermal collector

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:39:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1531.v1

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition as Induction Therapy for Paediatric Crohn Disease – Efficacy, Outcomes and Predictors of Response over a Ten-Year Period

Stephanie Brown, Catherine L Wall, Chris Frampton, Richard Blair Gearry, Andrew S Day

Subject: Dietetics And Nutrition, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn's disease; paediatric; nutrition; exclusive enteral nutrition

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:37:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1453.v1

Financial Network Analysis Using Polymodel Theory

Zeyu Cao, Siqiao Zhao, Zhikang Dong, Raphael Douady

Subject: Finance, Business, Economics And Management Keywords: PolyModel Theory; Financial Network Construction

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:35:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1519.v1

Chronic Rheumatologic Disease in Chikungunya Virus Fever: Results from a Cohort Study Conducted in Piedecuesta, Colombia

Anyela Lozano-Parra, Víctor Herrera, Carlos Calderón, Reynaldo Badillo, Rosa Margarita Gélvez Ramírez, María Isabel Estupiñán Cárdenas, José Fernando Lozano Jiménez, Luis Ángel Villar, Elsa Marina Rojas Garrido

Subject: Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Chikungunya; chronic rheumatism; rheumatic disease; fatigue; quality of life

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:21:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1455.v1

Reduction of Blood Oxidative Stress Following Colorectal Cancer Resection

Katsuji Sawai, Takanori Goi, Youhei Kimura, Kenji Koneri

Subject: Clinical Medicine, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: colorectal cancer resection; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen metabolite derivatives; biologic antioxidant potential

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:13:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1436.v1

Cosmic Entropy Prediction with Extremely High Precision in Rh = ct Cosmology

Espen Haug, Eugene Tatum

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: Bekensten-Hawking entropy; black hole entropy; Hubble sphere; CMB temperature

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:09:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1443.v1

Blockchain Technology In Agriculture: Ensuring Transparency And Traceability In The Food Supply Chain

Vignesh B, CHANDRAKUMAR M, DIVYA K, PRAHADEESWARAN Mockaisamy, VANITHA G

Subject: Business And Management, Business, Economics And Management Keywords: Blockchain; food tracibility; human health

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:08:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1434.v1

Influence of Process Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of 3D printed Metallic Specimens of Steel 1.2709 and 1.4542

Varun Vashist, Dr. Oldal Istvan, Rawabe Fatima Faidallah, Dr. Zoltan Szakal

Subject: Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Keywords: Additive manufacturing; steel; laser power; laser scan velocity; impact strength; maximum stress

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:07:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1440.v1

Effective Strategies and a Ten-Point Plan for Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Health in Croatia. An Expert Opinion

Željko Reiner, Bojan Jelaković, Davor Miličić, Marija Bubaš, Ines Balint, Nikolina Bašić-Jukić, Valerija Bralić Lang, Vili Beroš, Ivana Brkić Biloš, Silvija Canecki-Varžić, Krunoslav Capak, Verica Kralj, Ana Ljubas, Branko Malojčić, Viktor Peršić, Ivana Portolan Pajić, Dario Rahelić, Alen Ružić, Tomislav Sokol, Ana Soldo, Ivan Pećin

Subject: Health Policy And Services, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: blood pressure; arterial hypertension; hypercholesterolemia; LDL cholesterol; cardiovascular disease; stroke; chronic kidney disease; chronic non-communicable diseases; cardio-reno-metabolic health; primary prevention; secondary prevention

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:06:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1449.v1

The Therapeutic Potential of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome in Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Study

Elsa González-Cubero, María Luisa González-Fernández, Marta Esteban Blanco, Saúl Pérez-Castrillo, Esther Pérez-Fernández, Nicolás Navasa, Ana M Aransay, Juan Anguita, Vega Villar-Suárez

Subject: Biology And Biotechnology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells; osteoarthritis; conditioned medium; secretome; inflammatory cytokines

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:05:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1487.v1

Research on the Mechanics and Cutting Performance of Multilayer Nanostructured TiAlN/TiSiN/ZrN Coatings

Mingxing Li, Zhiyu Fan, Wenhai Zang, Jiankang Zhang

Subject: Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering, Engineering Keywords: coating; endmills; milling; cemented carbide; Ti6Al4V

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:03:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1524.v1

Ramsey Approach to Vector Fields

Edward Bormashenko

Subject: Discrete Mathematics And Combinatorics, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: Ramsey theory; vector fields; complete graph; ring-like vector systems

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:03:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1505.v1

Negotiating Darwin’s Barrier: Evolution Limits Our View of Reality, AI Breaks Through

Gideon Samid

Subject: Theoretical Physics, Physical Sciences Keywords: Non-Euclidean Geometry; AI; natural laws; Darwin's evolution; space-time; Neural Network; unbound geometry; model of reality; ; universal time

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:02:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1482.v1

Automatically Detected CSES Ionospheric Precursors During Aftershocks of the Wushi MS 7.1 Earthquake on 23 January 2024 in Northwest China

Mei Li, Hongzhu Yan, Tianyu Liu

Subject: Space Science, Physical Sciences Keywords: Automatic detection method; Aftershock of the Wushi MS 7.1 earthquake; Ionospheric precursor; Earthquake prediction practice

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:01:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1481.v1

Flour Treatments Affect Gluten Protein Extractability, Secondary Structure, and Antibody Reactivity

Bruna Mattioni, Michael Tilley, Patricia Matos Scheuer, Niraldo Paulino, Umut Yucel, Donghai Wang, Alicia de Francisco

Subject: Food Chemistry, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: wheat; glutenin; gliadin; celiac disease ;

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:59:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1485.v1

The Long-term Rate of Repeat Surgery After Optimal Excision Surgery of Endometriosis at a Single Tertiary Referral Center

Patrick Yeung, Ayesha Mohan, Jeffrey Gavard

Subject: Obstetrics And Gynaecology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: endometriosis; excision surgery; hormonal suppression; repeat surgery; second-look surgery

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:57:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1477.v1

Overweight and Obesity Contribute to Inflammation and Reduction in Mean Corpuscular Volume and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin in Schoolchildren

Bárbara Leles Fernandes, Alexandre Wallace Dias Cozer, Filipe Caldeira Vasconcelos Souza, Luana Dias Santiago, Marlucy Rodrigues Lima, Pauline Martins Leite, Alda Maria Soares Silveira, Barbara Nery Enes, Marcelo Henrique Fernandes Ottoni, Rafael Silva Gama, Thalisson Artur Ribeiro Gomides

Subject: Other, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: crianç; as em idade escolar; sobrepeso; obesidade; inflamaç; ã; o; parâ; metros hematimé; tricos

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:56:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1490.v1

Innovative Dynamics: Utilizing Perelman’s Entropy and Ricci Flow for Settler Position Models on Manifolds

Rafik zeraoulia

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: stellar dynamics; chaotic systems; Riemannian metrics; Ricci flow; cosmology; black holes; dark
energy; differential equations; numerical simulations; gravitational interactions

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:54:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1491.v1

Coupled System of Dual-Axis Clinostat and Helmholtz Cage for Simulated Microgravity Experiments

Maciej Malczyk, Tomasz Blachowicz, Andrea Ehrmann

Subject: Aerospace Engineering, Engineering Keywords: clinostat; Earth magnetic field; simulated microgravity; plant growth

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:52:56 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1377.v2

Tellurium-Doped Bioactive Glassinduces Ferroptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells Regardless of FSP1

Elzbieta Pańczyszyn, Mari Lallukka, Mara Gagliardi, Valentina Saverio, Romina Monzani, Marta Miola, Enrica Verné, Marco Corazzari

Subject: Life Sciences, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Ferroptosis; Tellurium; osteosarcoma; FSP1; bioactive glass

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:51:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1478.v1

Possible Mechanisms and Strategies for Immune Therapy Resistance in Gastric Cancer

Xu Yuyu, Shen Huiling

Subject: Oncology And Oncogenics, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: gastric cancer; immunotherapy; Immune resistance; biomarker

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:49:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1480.v1

Dietary Supplementation of Pistacia lentiscus L.,: An Hepato-protective Potential Against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene Carcinogen in C57BL/6 Mice, Alongside In Vitro Anti-Cancer Efficacy

Omayma ABIDI, Imen Hammami, Jed Jebali, Najet Srairi-Abid, Ali S. Alqahtani, Bernard Gressier, Bruno Eto, Ouajdi SOUILEM

Subject: Dietetics And Nutrition, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Phytotherapy; Pistacia lentiscus; Bio-compounds; Antioxidant potential; 7,12-di-41 mé; thylbenz(a)anthracè; ne; Hepato-protective; Anti-breast cancer

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:48:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2238.v2

Challenges and Advances in Cervical Cancer Prevention for HIV-Positive Individuals

Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Darren Gopaul, Reinand Thompson, Odalis Asin-Milan, Rodolfo Arrozarena-Fundora, Sachin Soodeen, Chandrashekhar Unakal

Subject: Virology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: HPV; Prevalence; Vaccination strategy; HPV screening; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:47:05 CEST)

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Since the identification of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981, approximately 85.6 million people have been infected with HIV, resulting in 40.4 million deaths. As of 2022, 53% of the 39 million people living with HIV are women and girls. Despite the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) improving survival rates, cervical cancer remains prevalent among HIV-infected individuals. By 2030, cervical cancer is projected to cause 727,500 new cases and 432,000 deaths globally. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-known cause of cervical cancer, with HIV infection exacerbating the prevalence of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). HIV and HPV share transmission routes, and HIV worsens cervical carcinogenesis by inhibiting tumour suppressor genes and altering cell cycle regulation. Chronic inflammation and cytokine imbalances, notably increased IL-10 levels, are linked to cervical cancer progression. Despite ART improving overall health, cervical cancer remains a significant issue, highlighting the need for better screening and prevention measures. A cross-sectional study in Brazil evaluated cytokine levels in cervicovaginal lavage among HIV-positive women, revealing a high prevalence of specific HPV types. ART has been shown to reduce the likelihood of developing squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and HR-HPV prevalence, although its impact on invasive cervical cancer remains inconclusive. In a study in Accra, 250 sexually active HIV-positive women exhibited a high HPV prevalence, emphasising the need for regular screening. HPV testing, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), and cytology-based tests are primary screening methods, each with specific advantages and limitations. A systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that ART is associated with a lower prevalence of HR-HPV and high-grade cervical lesions, suggesting that early ART initiation may reduce cervical lesion incidence and progression. HPV is a significant cause of sexually transmitted diseases, with high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. Studies show a substantial burden of HPV among men in the region, underscoring the potential benefits of HPV vaccination programs. A study in Tanzania highlighted a high prevalence of HR-HPV among HIV-positive men, suggesting the efficacy of HPV vaccines irrespective of HIV status. Cervical cancer rates in sub-Saharan Africa are alarmingly high, necessitating targeted vaccination and prevention strategies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1489.v1

Barriers to Digital Learning: Challenges in Online Education in Pakistan

MALIK ZEEWAQAR

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Online Learning; Digital Education; ; E-Learning; Barriers to E-Learning; Digital Divide

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:45:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1474.v1

Sustainability in Long-term Surface Mine Planning: A Systematic Review of Operations Research Applications

Mehri Aghdamigargari, Sylvester Avane, Angelina Anani, Sefiu O. Adewuyi

Subject: Mining And Mineral Processing, Engineering Keywords: Surface mine planning; Sustainability; OR methods; Optimization techniques

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:33:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1464.v1

Comparison of Biowaste Fillers Extracted from Fish Scales and Collagen on the Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyurethane Foams

Zodidi Obiechefu, Stanley Chibuzor Onwubu, Deneshree Naidoo, Thabang Hendrica Mokhothu, Phumlane Selby Mdluli

Subject: Polymers And Plastics, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: Biowaste fillers; Fish scales; Collagen; Polyurethane foams; Mechanical properties; Sustainability

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:31:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1493.v1

Assessment of Ghana’s Municipal Solid Waste for Valorization – a Review

Stephen Kelly Kissi, Isaac Mbir Bryant, Samuel Nketia Boateng, Godbless Boateng Antwi

Subject: Waste Management And Disposal, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: waste valorization; municipal solid waste management; proximate analysis; ultimate analysis; biomethane potential; waste composition

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:30:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1688.v2

A Compendium of G-flipon Biological Functions that have Experimental Validation

Alan Herbert

Subject: Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Flipons; G-Quadruplex; Triplex; Z-DNA; Proliferation; Transcription; Translation; Repair; Repression; Sister chromatids; CTCG; Chromatin Loops; Class Switch Recombination; HIV

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:28:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1504.v1

Political Competition, Resource Availability, and Conflict: A Simulation

Troy Siemers, Atin Basu, James Hentz

Subject: Economics, Business, Economics And Management Keywords: evolutionary game theory; civil war; state capacity; resource availability

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:27:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1458.v1

Effect of Exposure to Blue Light from Electronic Devices and the Mediterranean Diet on Macular Pigment

Marta-C. García-Romera, Víctor Ponce-García, Úrsula Torres-Parejo, Alfredo López-Muñoz

Subject: Ophthalmology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: macular pigment optical density; blue light exposured; exposure to LEDs; Mediterranean diet; Catorenoids

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:25:15 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1457.v1

A Novel Hybrid Model for Dengue Early Warning Systems: Integrating Traditional and Modern Approaches with Real-World Applications

Dang Anh Tuan

Subject: Other, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: Dengue fever; early warning systems; hybrid model; artificial intelligence; machine learning; outbreak prediction; low-resource settings

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:24:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1470.v1

Advances in the Ecological Restoration of Landscapes with Diverse Mycorrhizae

Bakhytzhan Yelikbayev, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq Al-Ani, Marcela Claudia Pagano

Subject: Biology And Biotechnology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: ecological restoration; plants; degraded lands; rhizosphere engineering; mycorrhizas

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:17:06 CEST)

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Several degraded ecosystems worldwide need to attain a stable vegetal cover after mandatory active restoration; thus, plants soil, and soil biodiverse microbes can be taken into consideration for a successful mission. Among environmental and biological variables, interactions with soil and its microorganisms are critical for permanent plant establishment. Thus, advances in the use of microbial management such as inoculation of mycorrhizas and bacteria become a modern aspect of active restoration programs. New strengths have increased worldwide since most plant species, including grasses, associate to mycorrhizae, Thus, a high percent of restored areas, which were degraded due to the increasing mining or conventional agriculture, rest to be monitored. This study shows current reports on active restoration of degraded landscapes as well as the methodology required for a successful ecosystem restoration. Active restoration has been recognized as the best method to restore tropical forests; however, the higher cost of active restoration, which requires planting seedlings, direct seeding, root inoculation of microorganisms or mitigation of disturbances, which aid the recovery process despite monitoring. On the other hand, the spontaneous recovery of trees that colonize and establish in abandoned fields or natural disturbances, named natural regeneration, is less targeted and can require more time to achieve results. We conducted a web of science search of recent published articles on restoration and analyzed them. We confirmed the important role of AMF on root colonization and soil AMF spores as drivers of restoration of main ecosystems according to previous results from restored sites in Brazil. In the restored sites AMF (more than 8 species) was generally found, while in preserved sites dominated Gigaspora, Scutellospora and Acaulospora, restored sites presented relevant AMF richness as well as the preserved sites. Root colonization by AMF in experimental mined sites was high. Vesicles were frequent in restored sites.; however, colonization intensity was generally the same despite treatments. In general, in the control treatments, values of root colonization remain high.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1473.v1

Gold Recovery from Smelting Copper Sulfide Concentrate

Elmira Moosavi-Khoonsari, Nagendra Tripathi

Subject: Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering, Engineering Keywords: Gold Recovery; Copper Smelting; Smelting Technologies; Economic Importance; Copper Sulfide Concentrate; Gold Loss

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:16:58 CEST)

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Gold is a significant revenue source for custom copper smelters facing profitability challenges due to low treatment and refining charges, stricter regulations, and rising costs. Gold is also often blended with copper concentrates, but precise recovery rates from smelting processes are poorly documented despite gold critical economic importance. This paper aims to provide the first comprehensive estimates of gold first-pass recovery across various operational units within the copper sulfide concentrate processing flowsheet. It evaluates the effectiveness of different copper smelting and converting technologies in recovering gold. Optimizing gold first-pass recovery is especially important to enhance immediate financial returns and responsiveness to market dynamics, allowing companies to capitalize on favorable gold prices without delays. Given the absence of direct measurements for gold recovery rates, this research develops an estimation method based on understanding gold loss mechanisms during smelting. The study identifies and analyzes key input and output parameters by examining data from various copper producers. By correlating these parameters with gold loss, the research estimates gold first-pass recovery rates within the copper smelting process. Among integrated smelting-converting routes, the flash smelting to Peirce-Smith converting route achieves the highest gold first-pass recovery (98.8–99.5%), followed by the Mitsubishi continuous smelting and converting process (94.3–99.8%), bottom-blowing smelting to bottom-blowing converting (95.8%), flash smelting to flash converting (95.5%), Teniente smelting to Peirce-Smith converting (95.2%), and the Noranda continuous smelting and converting process (94.8%). The final recovery rates are expected to be higher considering the by-products internal recirculation and post-processing within the copper flowsheet. Additionally, superior gold recoveries are attributed to advanced metallurgical practices and control systems, which vary even among companies with similar technologies. The research demonstrates that copper smelting can effectively recover over 99% of gold from sulfide concentrates. Gold accumulates up to 1000 times its original concentration in anode slime during electrolytic refining, generating 5-10 kilograms of slime per ton of copper, which is further processed to recover gold and other by-products. Major smelters operate precious metal plants where recovering gold from highly concentrated anode slime is both cost-effective and efficient.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1494.v1

Ten Weeks of Fucoidan Supplementation Enhances Exercise Performance and Increases the Abundance of Beneficial Gut Bacteria in Mice Regardless of the Diet

Cheng Yang, Corinna Dwan, Barbara Wimmer, Richard Wilson, Luke Johnson, Vanni Caruso

Subject: Dietetics And Nutrition, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Fucoidans; Undaria pinnatifida; exercise performance; gut microbiome; Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio; Mitochondrial biogenesis; IGF-1; COX4; MYH1

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:16:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1475.v1

Predictive Value of Serum VEGF Levels in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review

Eleni Kokkotou, Andriani G. Charpidou, Nikolaos K. Syrigos

Subject: Oncology And Oncogenics, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); VEGF receptors (VEGFRs); Angiogenesis; Biomarker; Tumor angiogenesis

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:16:07 CEST)

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