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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2001.v1

Bacillus licheniformis – A Perspective for Medical Applications Producer of Variety of Antimicrobial Substances Including Antimycobacterials

Margarita Shleeva, Daria Kondrateva, Arseny Kaprelyants

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Bacillus licheniformis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; bacteriocin; antimicrobial peptides

Online: 29 May 2023 (10:47:59 CEST)

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Bacillus licheniformis produce several classes of antimicrobial substances which are mainly either peptides or proteins. Among of them bacteriocins - peptides or proteins of different structural composition including synthesized by bacteria ribosomally; non-ribosomally synthesized peptides and cyclic lipopeptides; exopolysaccharides. Different representatives of these classes act against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, fungal pathogens and amoebae cells. In this review, a detailed classification of antimicrobial substances produced by B. licheniformis based on their chemical structure and mode of the synthesis and activity is presented. For some (rather limited number) of secreted antimicrobials mechanism of their harmful effect on the target cells is established, however, for many of them it remains unknown. The antimicrobial activity for most substances was studied in vitro only, however some substances were characterized in vivo and are found practical applications in medicine and veterinary. The cyclic lipopeptides with surfactant properties are applied in industry. In this review, a special attention on antimycobacterials produced by B. licheniformis is made as a possible approach to combat multidrug resistant and latent tuberculosis. Indeed, a number of peptides and proteins revealed strong antimycobacterial activity. However, medical application of some bacteriocins with promising in vitro antimycobacterial activity is limited by their toxicity for animals and humans. In this connection, similarly with the enhancement of the antimycobacterial activity of natural bacteriocins using genetic engineering, reduction of the toxicity by the same approach looks feasible. A unique capability of B. licheniformis to synthesize and produce a bouquet of different antibacterial compounds allow to consider this organism as a universal natural vehicle for antibiotic substances in form of probiotic cultures strains to combat various types of pathogens including mycobacteria.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1975.v1

Production of Resveratrol Glucosides and Its Cosmetic Activities

Samir Bahadur Thapa, Juhee Jeon, Byung Gyu Park, Dabin Shim, Chang Seok Lee, Jae Kyung Sohng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Cosmetic activity; resveratrol; glucosylation; amylosucrase

Online: 29 May 2023 (05:23:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1961.v1

Identification and Expression Analysis of Key Gene Families in RNA Silencing and Their Responses to Heat Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Shefali Mishra, Pradeep Sharma, Rajender Singh, Om P Ahlawat, G Singh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: RNA silencing; Dicer-like (DCL); Argonaute (AGO); RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR); heat stress; T. aestivum

Online: 29 May 2023 (04:28:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1953.v1

3D-Printed Magnesium-Doped Micro-Nano Bioactive Glass Composite Scaffolds Repair Critical Bone Defects by Promoting Osteogenesis, Angiogenesis, and Immunomodulation

Kun Dai, Fujian Zhao, Zhen Yang, Wen Zhang, Dafu Chen, Fei Hang, Xiaofeng Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: micro-nano bioglass; 3D printing; osteogenesis; angiogenesis; immunomodulation

Online: 29 May 2023 (03:30:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1936.v1

Atrioventricular Node Ablation and Pacing in Patients with Heart Failure and Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: From Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy to His Bundle Pacing

Ioanna Koniari, Andreas Gerakaris, Nicholas Kounis, Dimitrios Velissaris, Archie Rao, Mark Ainslie, Ahmed Adlan, Panagiotis Plotas, Ignatios Ikonomidis, Virginia Mplani, Ming-Yow Hung, Cesare de Gregorio, Theofilos Kolettis, Dhiraj Gupta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Atrioventricular node ablation; His bundle pacing; Cardiac resynchronization therapy; Heart failure; Atrial fibrillation

Online: 26 May 2023 (13:58:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1887.v1

Development of Climate Smart Fruit Plants via CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing Systems: A Spatiotemporal Review

Muhammad Shahzaib, Tobias Bruegmann, Muhammad Shakeel, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Muhammad Tehseen Azhar, Rana Muhammad Atif, Matthias Fladung, Iqrar Ahmad Rana

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: CRISPR/Cas; TALEN; ZFN; Fruit Plants; Genome Editing Systems

Online: 26 May 2023 (08:09:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1818.v1

Human Olfactory Receptor Sensor for Odor Reconstitution

Shun'ichi Kuroda, Yukiko Nakaya-Kishi, Kenji Tatematsu, Shuji Hinuma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: olfactory receptor; odor sensor; cell array sensor; odor matrix; odor matrix library

Online: 26 May 2023 (02:38:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1695.v1

Plant Tissue Culture in Sri Lanka: Current status, Challenges and Opportunities

Duwini Padukkage, Chandrika M. Nanayakkara, Chandra Padmini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Industry; micropropagation; plant tissue culture; Sri Lanka

Online: 24 May 2023 (04:53:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1539.v1

Aspergillus sclerotiorum Whole Cell Biocatalysis: A Sustainable Approach to Produce 3-Hydroxy-Phenazine 1-Carboxylic Acid from Phenazine 1-Carboxylic Acid

Malik Jan, Sheng-Jie Yue, Ru-Xiang Deng, Yanfang Nie, Wei Wang, Xue-Hong Zhang, Hong-Bo Hu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Aspergillus sclerotiorum; phenazine 1-carboxylic Acid; biotransformation; 3-hydroxy phenazine 1-carboxylic acid; green chemistry

Online: 23 May 2023 (07:23:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1521.v1

The In Silico Sugarcane Genome-Encoded MicroRNA and Target Network Prediction for Targeting the SCMV

Muhammad Aleem Ashraf, Xiaoyan Feng, Hira Ghaffar, Judith K Brown, Imran Shahid, Naitong Yu, Shuzhen Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: potyvirus; in silico tools; sugarcane mosaic virus; miRNA; RNA interference

Online: 22 May 2023 (11:48:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1510.v1

Nanobiotics and the One Health Approach: Boosting the Fight against Antimicrobial Resistance at the Nanoscale

Himanshu K, Riya Mukherjee, Jasmina Vidic, Elcio Leal, Antonio Charlys da Costa, Carlos Prudencio, V. Samuel Raj, Ramendra Pandey, Chung-Ming Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Antibiotic; antimicrobial resistance (AMR); One-Health; economic; nanotechnology; policy

Online: 22 May 2023 (10:55:31 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1497.v1

Biclonal Gammapathies

Safaa Hadrach

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: biclonal gammapathy; serum protein electrophoresis; multiple myeloma; waldenstrom's disease

Online: 22 May 2023 (10:18:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1243.v1

Whole Yeast Vaccine Displaying ZIKV B and T Cell Epitopes Induces Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Murine Model

Anna Jéssica Duarte Silva, André Luiz Santos de Jesus, Lígia Rosa Sales Leal, Larissa Silva Macêdo, Bárbara Rafaela da Silva Barros, Georon Ferreira De Sousa, Simone da Paz Leôncio Alves, Lindomar José Pena, Cristiane Moutinho Lagos De Melo, Antonio Carlos de Freitas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Vaccine; Antigen-delivery; ZIKV; Yeast

Online: 17 May 2023 (11:00:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1189.v1

Chemical and Biological Characterization of Green and Processed Coffee Beans from Coffea arabica Varieties

Javier Gallardo-Ignacio, Anislada Santibáñez, Octavio Oropeza-Mariano, Ricardo Salazar, Rosa Mariana Montiel-Ruiz, Sandra Cabrera-Hilerio, Manasés Gonzáles-Cortazar, Francisco Cruz-Sosa, Pilar Nicasio-Torres

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: antioxidant; chlorogenic acid; caffeine; cytotoxicity; melanoidins

Online: 17 May 2023 (04:58:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1096.v1

Targeting Plasmodium falciparum Invasion via Antibodies Against Merozoite Surface Enolase That Binds to Band 3 of Human Red Blood Cells

Reena Verma, Chinthapalli i Balaj, DINKAR SAHAL, Shobhona Sharma, Gotam K. Jarori

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Malaria; Plasmodium enolase; Band 3; antibodies; hRBCghosts

Online: 16 May 2023 (05:17:02 CEST)

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Preprint DATA DESCRIPTOR | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0963.v1

Proteomic Shift in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts Pfa1 during Erastin, ML210 and BSO-Induced Ferroptosis

Olga M. Kudryashova, Alexey M. Nesterenko, Dmitry A. Korzhenevskii, Valeriy K. Sulyagin, Vasilisa M. Tereshchuk, Vsevolod V. Belousov, Arina G. Shokhina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Ferroptosis; proteomics; LC-MS/MS; mouse embryonic fibroblasts; Pfa1; cell death; glutathione peroxidase 4; erastin; ML210; L-Buthionine-sulfoximine; BSO

Online: 12 May 2023 (14:47:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0896.v1

The Phosphoproteome of the Degenerating rd1 Retina Changes After Protein Kinase G Inhibition

Jiaming Zhou, Charlotte Welinder, Per Ekström

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: retinitis pigmentosa; cell death,; phosphoproteomic

Online: 12 May 2023 (07:17:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0849.v1

Understanding the Different Parameters That Affects Bacterial Transformation Efficiency

Wenfa Ng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Escherichia coli; bacterial transformation; plasmid-to-cell ratio; competent cell concentration; incubation time

Online: 11 May 2023 (11:49:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0837.v1

Metabolic Pathway Pairwise-Based Signature as a Potential Non-Invasive Diagnostic Marker in AD patients

Yunwen Feng, Xingyu Chen, Xiaohua Douglas Zhang, Chen Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Alzheimer's Disease; Noninvasive Diagnosis; Metabolic Abnormalities; Biomarker; Peripheral blood; Multi-Machine Learning

Online: 11 May 2023 (09:47:20 CEST)

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder. Early screening, particularly in blood has been regarded as an effective approach for AD diagnosis and prevention. In addition, metabolic dysfunction has been demonstrated to be closely related to AD, which might be reflected in whole blood transcriptome. Hence, we hypothesized that establishment of diagnostic model based on metabolic signatures of blood is a workable strategy. To the end, we initially constructed metabolic pathway pairwise (MPP) signatures to characterize the interplay among metabolic pathways. Then, a series of bioinformatic methodologies, e.g., differential expression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and network analysis, etc. were used to investigate the molecular mechanism behind AD. Moreover, an unsupervised clustering analysis based on the MPP signature profile via Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) algorithm was utilized to stratify AD patients. Finally, aimed at distinguishing AD patients from non-AD group, a metabolic pathway-pairwise scoring system (MPPSS) was established using multi-machine learning methods. As a result, many metabolic pathways correlated to AD were disclosed, including oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. NMF clustering analysis divided AD patients into two subgroups (S1 and S2), which exhibit distinct activities of metabolism and immunity. Typically, oxidative phosphorylation in S2 exhibits a lower activity than that in S1 and non-AD group, suggesting the patients in S2 might possess a more compromised brain metabolism. Additionally, Immune infiltration analysis showed that the patients in S2 might have phenomena of immune suppression, compared with S1 and non-AD group. These findings indicated that S2 probably have a more severe progression of AD. Finally, MPPSS could achieve an AUC of 0.73 in training dataset, 0.71 in testing dataset and an AUC of 0.82 on weighted average in five external validation datasets. Overall, our study successfully established a novel metabolism-based scoring system for AD diagnosis using blood transcriptome, and provided new insight into the molecular mechanism of metabolic dysfunction implicated in AD.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0824.v1

Flavonoids’ Effects on Cancer, Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Maria Magdalena Barreca, Riccardo Alessandro, Chiara Corrado

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Flavonoids; NF-κB; cancer; neurodegenerative diseases; cardiac diseases

Online: 11 May 2023 (08:39:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0677.v1

Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival

Alessandro Allegra, Santino Caserta, Sara Genovese, Giovanni Pioggia, Sebastiano Gangemi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: gender differences; cancer; oxidative stress; oestrogens; testosterone; antioxidant; reactive oxygen species; sex hormones; mitochondria.

Online: 10 May 2023 (03:44:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0635.v1

Potato Peels to Bioethanol: Evaluation of Different Pre-treatment Strategies for Low-Cost Saccharification Using In-house Produced Multi-Enzyme System

Sanjeev Kumar Soni, Binny Sharma, Apurav Sharma, Bishakha Thakur, Raman Soni

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Potato peels; Pre-treatment; Multiple enzyme system; Enzymatic saccharification; Fermentation; Bioethanol

Online: 9 May 2023 (10:25:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0625.v1

Ethanol Synthesis by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Summary, Discovery, and Prospects

Wei-Yang Wang, Ling Liang, Bei-Ping Wang, Han-Si Bi, Hai-Song Su, Chun-Yan Liao, Fu-Xing Niu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Ethanol biosynthesis; Material metabolism

Online: 9 May 2023 (09:32:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0586.v1

Entomopathogenic Fungi: An Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Sustainable Nanoparticles and Their Nanopesticide Properties

Ritu Bihal, Jameel M Al-Khayri, A. Najitha Banu, Natasha Kudesia, Farah K. Ahmed, Rudradeb Sarkar, Akshit Arora, Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nanotechnology; Pest management; Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles; Entomopathogenic fungi; Toxicity mechanism

Online: 9 May 2023 (07:46:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0575.v1

Knocking Out OsNAC050 Expression Causes Low Temperature Tolerance in Rice by Regulating Photosynthesis and the Sucrose Metabolic Pathway

Bo Wang, Yiheng Wang, Likun Xie, Wancong Yu, Qingkuo Lan, Yong Wang, Chengbin Chen, Yong Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: OsNAC050; CRISPR-Cas9; cold stress; RNA-seq; photosynthesis; soluble sugar

Online: 9 May 2023 (05:32:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0568.v1

Financial Burden of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Pregnancy in a Tertiary Exclusive COVID-19 Maternity

Tina-Ioana Bobei, Romina Marina Sima, Gabriel-Petre Gorecki, Anca Bobircă, Mihai Popescu, Bashar Haj Hamoud, Liana Ples

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-COV-2; pregnancy

Online: 9 May 2023 (04:51:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0392.v2

Fusion Learning Methods for the Age-Related Macular Degeneration Detection Based on Multiple Sources of Ophthalmic Digital Data

Mini Han Wang, Junjie Zhou, Zhoujie Tang, Chengde Huang, Jie Yang, Lina Huang, Yi Pan, Kelvin KL Chong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Age-related Macular Degeneration; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Optical Coherence Tomography; Fundus Autofluorescence; regular fundus photography; Ultra-Widefield Fundus

Online: 8 May 2023 (14:25:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0517.v1

In Silico Identification of Apple Genome-Encoded MicroRNA Target Binding Sites Potentially Targeting the ACLSV

Muhammad Aleem Ashraf, Nimra Murtaza, Judith K Brown, Naitong Yu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: trichovirus; in silico tools; apple chlorotic leaf spot virus; miRNA; RNA interference

Online: 8 May 2023 (10:31:09 CEST)

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Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) is a widespread, deleterious and the most damaging pathogen of fruit tree plants including domesticated apple (Malus domestica) ―a great threat to apple production worldwide. The positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome of ACLSV (7.5 Kbp) encodes three proteins: RNA polymerase (Rep), movement protein (MP) and coat protein (CP). RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated antiviral innate immunity is a key sequence-specific biological phenomenon in eukaryotes to control plant viruses. The aim of this study was to analyze apple (M.domestica) locus-derived microRNAs (mdm-miRNAs) with predicted potential for targeting the ACLSV +ssRNA-encoded mRNAs, using ‘four algorithms’ approach. The ultimate goal in this research is to mobilize the in silico endogenous predicted mdm-miRNAs to trigger RNAi catalytic pathway experimentally and generate apple tree varieties for evaluating potential antiviral resistance monitoring capability and capacity for ACLSV. Experimentally validated mature apple (M.domestica, 2n = 2X = 34) mdm-miRNAs (n = 322) were acquired from miRBase database and tested for alignment with the ACLSV genome. Of the 322 targeting mature locus-derived mdm-miRNAs investigated, nine apple mdm-miRNA homologs (mdm-miR395k, mdm-miR5225c and mdm-miR7121 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) were predicted by all ‘four algorithms’. Only fifty eight mdm-miRNAs were predicted consensus binding sites by union of consensus between two algorithms. The miRanda, RNA22, TAPIR algorithms predicted binding of mdm-miR395k at unique nucleotide position 4691, as the most effectively interacting mdm-miRNAs in targeting the ORF1 sequence. In order to validate target prediction accuracy, whether the apple mdm-miRNAs might bind predicted ACLSV mRNA target(s), we created an integrated Circos plot. Genome-wide in-silico-predicted miRNA-mediated target gene regulatory network validated interactions that warrant in vivo analysis. The current work provides valuable evidence and biological material for generating ACLSV-resistant apple varieties.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0406.v1

Single Droplet Microsensor for Ultra-Short Circulating EFGR Mutations Detection in Lung Cancer Based on Multiplex EFIRM Liquid Biopsy

Fang Wei, Peter Yu, Jordan Cheng, Feng Li, David Chia, David T.W. Wong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Biosensors; ultra-short circulating tumor DNA; Lung Cancer; Liquid biopsy; EGFR

Online: 6 May 2023 (09:44:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0404.v1

Improved Extraction of High Value-Added Polyphenols from Pomegranate Peels by Solid-State Fermentation

Jose Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa, Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón, Mónica Lizeth Chavez-González, Leonardo Sepúlveda, Juan Alberto Ascacio-Valdés, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, Ruth Pedroza-Islas, Sergio Huerta-Ochoa, Lilia Arely Prado-Barragán

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: pomegranate peels; polyphenols improved extraction; high value-added molecules identification; solid-state fermentation

Online: 6 May 2023 (09:38:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0397.v1

Droplet Digital PCR Development To Quantify the DNA Meth-Ylation Levels of SEPT9 and SHOX2 in Plasma From Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Ilaria Grossi, Claudia Assoni, Luigi Lorini, Davide Smussi, Cristina Gurizzan, Salvatore Grisanti, Alberto Paderno, Davide Mattavelli, Cesare Piazza, Iulia Andreea Pelisenco, Giuseppina De Petro, Alessandro Salvi, Paolo Bossi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: liquid biopsy; ddPCR; DNA methylation; cell free DNA; HNSCC

Online: 6 May 2023 (08:59:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0369.v1

Technological Innovations in COVID-19 Diagnostics in Singapore

Wenfa Ng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; clinical diagnostics; molecular assays; direct test; indirect test

Online: 5 May 2023 (14:07:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0293.v1

Paper-based Exosomal MicroRNA-21 Detection for Wound Monitoring: A Proof of Concept and Clinical Validation Trial Study

Shin-Chen Pan, Chi-Hung Lai, Van-Truc Vu, Cao-An Vu, Chun-Jen Huang, Chao-Min Cheng, Wen-Yih Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: P-ELISA; exosome; microRNA-21; wound healing

Online: 5 May 2023 (04:07:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0258.v1

Possible Therapeutic Mechanisms and Future Perspectives of Vaginal Microbiota Transplantation

Maimaiti Tuniyazi, Wenqing Wang, Naisheng Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: vaginal microbiota transplantation; dysbiosis; treatment; mechanism

Online: 4 May 2023 (10:35:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0240.v1

Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Kitchen Waste Residues Using Multi-Enzyme Preparation from Aspergillus niger P-19 for Production of Biofertilizer Formulations

Apurav Sharma, Sakshi Dogra, Bishakha Thakur, Jyoti Yadav, Raman Soni, Sanjeev Kumar Soni

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Kitchen waste; Enzyme; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Biofertilizer

Online: 4 May 2023 (08:51:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0236.v1

Harvesting of Mycelial Biomass of Selected Basidiomycetes for Extraction of Chitosan

Ilze Irbe, Laura Andze, Mara Blumfelde, Anrijs Verovkins, Inese Filipova, Juris Zoldners

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: basidiomycetes; biopolymers; chitin; chitosan; fungal biomass; solid state fermentation; submerged fermentation

Online: 4 May 2023 (08:31:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0094.v1

Sustainable Metabolic Engineering Design Development Employing a Complex Objective Function

Reinis Muiznieks, Elina Dace, Egils Stalidzans

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: economic sustainability; environmental sustainability; social sustainability; genome scale metabolic model; metabolic engineering; growth coupled production

Online: 3 May 2023 (04:32:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0057.v1

Bioengineering Microbes for Improved Nutritional Value and Health Benefits.

Jatan Pandya, Rachana S Adiga, Akash K, Chadhmika C H, Niveditha K, Debasish Kar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: bioengineered; recombinant; E. coli; insulin; penicillin; cancer; vitamin B12; replacement therapy; nutrition; mABs

Online: 2 May 2023 (05:04:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1267.v1

Electrochemical Characterization and Biosensors with the Coagulant Moringa oleifera Seed Lectin (cMoL)

Benny Ferreira de Oliveira, Hallysson Douglas Andrade de Araújo, Eloisa Ferreira Neves, Thiago Henrique Napoleão, Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva, Katia Cristina Silva de Freitas, Sandra Rodrigues de Souza, Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso Coelho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: lectins; Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF); electrochemical systems

Online: 30 April 2023 (05:33:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1249.v1

Pathophysiological Roles of TRPV4 Channel in the Heart

Sébastien Chaigne, Solène Barbeau, Thomas Ducret, Romain Guinamard, David Benoist

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: TRPV4 channels; TRPV4-KO mice; heart, myocytes; fibroblasts; action potential, calcium homeo-stasis

Online: 30 April 2023 (03:28:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1208.v1

Rational Truncation of Aptamer for Ultrasensitive Aptasensing of Chloramphenicol: Studies Using Bio-Layer Interferometry

Richa Sharma, Monali Mukherjee, Praveena Bhatt, KSMS Raghavarao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Antibiotics; affinity; biosensing; food; interferometry; nanoparticles

Online: 29 April 2023 (04:37:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1197.v1

Coupled miR-155 Deficiency and Hypoxia Lead to the Upregulation of SLC2A3 (GLUT3) and VEGFA in the Leukemic B-cells

Elena Golovina, Tomas Heizer, Lenka Daumova, Martin Bajecny, Karina Savvulidi Vargova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: B-cells, hypoxia, miRNA, CRISPR/Cas9, leukemia, gene expression, cell viability

Online: 29 April 2023 (03:34:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1160.v1

Effects of Cantharidin on Fish Erythrocytes, Tumor Cell Lines, and Marine Pathogenic Bacteria

Jose Carlos Campos-Sánchez, Francisco Antonio Guardiola, María Ángeles Esteban

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Cantharidin; Erythrocytes; Fish cell lines; Marine pathogen bacteria; Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata); Aquaculture.

Online: 28 April 2023 (10:11:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0996.v1

Evaluation of a New Photoplethysmography Dataset for Real-time Respiratory Rate Prediction using a Deep Neural Network

Chishin Hwang, Yonghwan Kim, JUNG K Hyun, Joonhwang Kim, Seorak Lee, Choongmin Kim, Sanghee Rho, Jungwoo Nam, Eun Young Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Convolutional Neural Network; Deep Learning; Photoplethysmography; Respiratory Rate; Time Series

Online: 26 April 2023 (13:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0956.v1

RNA Vaccines: Yeast as a Novel Antigen Vehicle

Anna Jéssica Duarte Silva, Mylenna Máyra Gois Souza, Larissa Silva Macêdo, Pedro Luiz França Neto, Ingrid Andressa de Moura, Benigno Cristofer Flores Espinoza, Maria da Conceição Viana Invenção, Samara Sousa de Pinho, Marco Antonio Turiah Machado da Gama, Antonio Carlos de Freitas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: therapeutic vaccines; mRNA vaccines; antigenic delivery; whole yeast vaccine; delivery vehicle

Online: 26 April 2023 (04:31:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0821.v1

Development of a Cost-Effective Process for the Heterologous Production of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) Using Pichia pastoris in Stirred-Tank Bioreactor

Diego Noseda, Cecilia D’Alessio, Javier Santos, Tommy Idrovo-Hidalgo, Maria Florencia Pignataro, Diana E Wetzler, Hernán Gentilli, Alejandro D Nadra, Ernesto Roman, Carlos Paván, Lucas AM Ruberto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; RBD; ANTIGEN; STBR; PICHIA PASTORIS; BIOREACTOR

Online: 24 April 2023 (04:33:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0767.v1

Functional Foods: A Promising Strategy for Restoring Gut Microbiota Diversity Impacted by SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Antara Banerjee, Indumathi Somasundaram, Diptimayee Das, Samatha Jain M, Husaina Banu, Pavane MS, Sujay Paul, Atil Bisgin, Hong Zhang, Xiao-Feng Sun, Asim K Duttaroy, Surajit Pathak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Gut microbiota; Variants; Probiotics; gut microbiota metabolites

Online: 23 April 2023 (04:34:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0758.v1

Suspension Culture of Stem Cells Established from Calendula officinalis L.

Šarlota Kaňuková, Klaudia Lenkavská, Marcela Gubišová, Ján Kraic

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: marigold; callus; cell suspension; growth parameters; cell viability; stem cell

Online: 23 April 2023 (04:05:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0741.v1

In situ identification of both IL-4 and IL-10 Cytokine-Receptor Interactions during tissue regeneration

Krisztina Nikovics, Anne-Laure Favier, Mathilde Rocher, Céline Mayinga, Johanna Gomez, Frédérique Dufour-Gaume, Diane Riccobono

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: IL-4; IL-10; receptor; interaction; regeneration; Proximity ligation assay

Online: 23 April 2023 (03:25:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0304.v2

Endogenous TOM20 Proximity Labelling: A Swiss-Knife for the Study of Mitochondrial Proteins in Human Cells

Sébastien Meurant, Lorris Mauclet, Marc Dieu, Thierry Arnould, Sven Eyckerman, Patricia Renard

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Mitochondria; Co-translational import; BioID; Protein identification; Mass spectrometry

Online: 21 April 2023 (09:03:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0688.v1

Failure of Micractinium simplicissimum Phosphate Resilience upon Abrupt Re-Feeding of its Phosphorus-Starved Cultures

Elena Lobakova, Olga Gorelova, Irina Selyakh, Larisa Semenova, Pavel Scherbakov, Svetlana Vasilieva, Petr Zaytsev, Karina Shibzukhova, Olga Chivkunova, Olga Baulina, Alexei Solovchenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Micractinium; inorganic phosphate; polyphosphate; phosphorus toxicity

Online: 21 April 2023 (08:29:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0561.v1

The Impact of Bilirubin on 7α- and 7β- Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Spectra and Docking Analysis

Qingzhi Ji, Jiamin Chen, Luping Zhu, Ruiyao Wang, Bochu Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Bilirubin; 7α- and 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases; Activity; Inhibition

Online: 19 April 2023 (07:35:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0512.v1

Comparison of Identification and Quantification of Polyphe-Nolic Compounds in Skins and Seeds of Four Grape Varieties

Zlatina Chengolova, Yavor Ivanov, Tzonka Godjevargova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: grape skins; seeds; polyphenolic composition; antioxidant potential; RT-HPLC

Online: 18 April 2023 (10:22:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0457.v1

Lateral Flow Biosensor for microRNA Detection Based on Peptide Nucleic Acid Probes

Aodi Liu, Qingjie Xia, Yang Huang, Haoheng Liu, Jin Tian, Kezhou Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Peptide nucleic acid; microRNA detection; duplex specific nuclease; Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer; Lateral flow biosensor

Online: 18 April 2023 (02:48:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0423.v1

Detection of c.375A>G, c.385A>T, c.571C>T, and Sedel2 of FUT2 by Real-time PCR in a Single Tube

Mikiko Soejima, Yoshiro Koda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Alu-mediated nonhomologous recombination; FUT2; sedel2; c.375A>G; c.385A>T; c.571C>T; Polynesian population

Online: 17 April 2023 (07:43:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0398.v1

gRNA Design: How its Evolution Impacted on CRISPR/Cas9 Systems Refinement

Cristofer Motoche-Monar, Julian E Ordoñez, Oscar Chang, Fernando A Gonzales-Zubiate

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9; machine learning; gRNA; neural networks; deep learning

Online: 17 April 2023 (04:25:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0323.v1

Docking-Based Evidence for the Potential of ImmunoDefender: A Novel Formulated Essential Oil Blend Incorporating Synergistic Antiviral Bioactive Compounds as Promising Mpro Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2

Ayoub Ksouri, Anis Klouz, Balkiss Bouhaouala, Fathi Moussa, Mounir Bezzarga

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: ImmunoDefender; Essential oils (EO),; Bioactive molecules; antiviral, SARS-CoV-2; Main-Protease; active & allosteric sites.

Online: 13 April 2023 (12:41:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0315.v1

Current Status and De Novo Synthesis of Anti-Tumor Alkaloids in Nicotiana: A Mini-Review

Md. Ahsan Habib, Md. Mobinul Islam, Md. Mukul Islam, Md. Mohidul Hasan, Kwang-Hyun Baek

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nicotiana, alkaloids, anti-tumor, metabolic engineering, de-novo synthesis

Online: 13 April 2023 (08:53:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0235.v1

Fermentation of the Brown Seaweed Alaria esculenta by a Lactic Acid Bacteria Consortium able to Utilize Mannitol and Laminari-Oligosaccharides

Leila Allahgholi, Madeleine Jönsson, Monica Daugbjerg Christensen, Andrius Jasilionis, Mehrnaz Nouri, Shahram Lavasani, Javier A. Linares-Pastén, Guðmundur Óli Hreggviðsson, Eva Nordberg Karlsson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Lactobacillus culture; fermentation; brown seaweed; laminari-oligosaccharides; metabolite profile

Online: 12 April 2023 (03:54:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0096.v1

Efficient Purification of Polyhistidine-Tagged Recombinant Proteins Using Functionalized Corundum Particles

Jule L. Völzke, Sarah Smatty, Sarah Döring, Shireen Ewald, Marcus Oelze, Franziska Fratzke, Sabine Flemig, Zoltán Konthur, Michael G. Weller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: aluminum oxide; sapphire; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; nickel chelate; EDTAD; protein affinity enrichment; hexaHis-Tag; his6; 6xHis; his8; bioseparation; IMAC purification; immunocapture; enrichment; affinity chromatography; solid phase; carrier; material; corundum; nickel; recombinant protein; Escherichia coli; bacterial lysates; protein A/G; cytoplasm

Online: 6 April 2023 (12:37:55 CEST)

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Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) is a popular and valuable method for the affinity purification of polyhistidine-tagged recombinant proteins. However, it often shows practical limitations, which might require cumbersome optimizations, additional polishing, and enrichment steps. Here, we present functionalized corundum particles for the efficient, economical, and fast purification of recombinant proteins in a column-free format. The corundum surface is first derivatized with the amino silane APTES, then EDTA dianhydride, and subsequently loaded with nickel ions. The Kaiser test, well-known in solid-phase peptide synthesis, was used to monitor amino silanization and the reaction with EDTA dianhydride. In addition, ICP-MS was performed to quantify the metal-binding capacity. His-tagged protein A/G (PAG), mixed with bovine serum albumin (BSA), was used as a test system. The PAG binding capacity was around 3 mg protein per gram of corundum. Cytoplasm obtained from different E. coli strains was examined as an example of a complex matrix. The imidazole concentration was varied in the loading and washing buffers. As expected, higher imidazole concentrations during loading are usually beneficial when higher purities are desired. Even when higher sample volumes, such as one liter, were used, recombinant protein down to a concentration of 1 µg/mL could be isolated selectively. Comparing the corundum material with standard Ni-NTA agarose beads indicated higher purities of proteins isolated using corundum. His6-MBP-mSA2, a fusion protein consisting of monomeric streptavidin and maltose-binding protein in the cytoplasm of E. coli, was purified successfully. To show that this method is also suitable for mammalian cell culture supernatants, purification of the SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD His8 expressed in human Expi293F cells was performed. The material cost of the nickel-loaded corundum material (without regeneration) is estimated to be less than 30 cents for 1 gram of functionalized support or 10 cents per milligram of isolated protein. Another advantage of the novel system is the corundum particles' extremely high physical and chemical stability. The new material should be applicable in small laboratories and large-scale industrial applications. In summary, we could show that this new material is an efficient, robust, and cost-effective purification platform for the purification of His-tagged proteins, even in challenging, complex matrices and large sample volumes of low product concentration.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0531.v1

Defective or Just Different? Predicting Storm Failure in Four Urban Tree Growth Patterns

Andrew Koeser, Ryan Klein, Richard Hauer, Jason Miesbauer, Zachary Freeman, Christopher Harchick, Brian Kane

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: bifurcation; cyclone; forks; hurricane; tree biomechanics; tree risk assessment; typhoon

Online: 30 March 2023 (12:55:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0496.v1

Phylogenetic Insights on the Delineation of Mysore and Malabar Subspecies of the Grey Slender Loris (Loris lydekkerianus) in Southern India

Vinay Teja, Shivakumara Manu, Honnavalli Kumara, Govindhaswamy Umapathy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Grey slender loris; Mysore slender loris; Malabar slender loris; Phylogenetics

Online: 29 March 2023 (02:37:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0136.v2

Biocontainment Techniques and Applications for Yeast Biotechnology

Guilherme Pavão, Isabela Sfalcin, Diego Bonatto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Biocontainment; Genetically Engineered Microorganisms; Genetically Modified Yeasts; Synthetic Biology; Gene Circuits; Auxotrophies; Kill Switches

Online: 27 March 2023 (14:08:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0446.v1

Summation Laws in Biological Systems

Hans V. Westerhoff

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Control coefficients; Metabolic Control Analysis; Systems Biology; Genomics; Pharmacokinetic principles; systems biology and PBPK; time-dependent control analysis

Online: 27 March 2023 (05:04:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0374.v2

Detection of Meteoritic Amino Acids in Extremely Small Sample Sizes: Implications for Sample Return Missions

Christian Potiszil, Masahiro Yamanaka, Tsutomu Ota, Ryoji Tanaka, Katsura Kobayashi, Eizo Nakamura

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Carbonaceous chondrite; sample return; amino acid; ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography; Orbitrap-mass spectrometry; organic matter; astrobiology; origin of life

Online: 20 March 2023 (04:36:39 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0288.v1

Insights and Interpretation of the Trends for in ovo Sexing Technologies in Papers and Patents

Matthias Corion, Simao Santos, Bart De Ketelaere, Dragana Spasic, Maarten Hertog, Jeroen Lammertyn

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: In ovo sexing; male day-old chick culling; animal welfare; optical and non-optical techniques; patents and papers

Online: 15 March 2023 (14:29:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0214.v1

Natural Compounds: Co-Delivery Strategies with Chemotherapeutic Agents or Nucleic Acids using Lipid-Based Nanocarriers

Patrícia V. Teixeira, Eduarda Fernandes, Telma B. Soares, Filomena Adega, Carla M. Lopes, Marlene Lúcio

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: cancer; conventional therapy; combined therapy; lipid-based nanocarriers; natural compounds

Online: 13 March 2023 (04:32:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0185.v1

Allogenic Synovia Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treat-Ment of Equine Tendinopathies and Desmopathies – The Proof-of-Concept

Inês Leal Reis, Bruna Lopes, Patrícia Sousa, Ana Catarina Sousa, Mariana Branquinho, Ana R. Caseiro, Sílvia Santos Pedrosa, Alexandra Rêma, Cláudia Oliveira, Beatriz Porto, Luís Atayde, Irina Amorim, Rui Alvites, Jorge Miquel Silva Santos, Ana Colette Maurício

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: allogenic; cell-based therapies; clinical trials; ligament; mesenchymal stem cells; sport horses; syn-ovial mesenchymal stem cell; tendon

Online: 10 March 2023 (02:53:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0167.v1

Use of 3-Way Voting of Machine Learning Algorithms Improves Prediction Performance of the Efficacy of Antisense-Mediated Exon Skipping and Reduces the Computational Burden

Alex Zhu, Shuntaro Chiba, Yuki Shimizu, Katsuhiko Kunitake, Yasushi Okuno, Yoshitsugu Aoki, Toshifumi Yokota

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: antisense oligonucleotides; exon skipping; machine learning; ensemble learning; personalized medicine; n-of-1 therapy; splice switching; genetic disease; splicing; RNA

Online: 9 March 2023 (04:43:55 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0136.v1

Biocontainment Techniques and Applications for Yeast Biotechnology

Guilherme Pavão, Isabela Sfalcin, Diego Bonatto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Biocontainment; Genetically Engineered Microorganisms; Genetically Modified Yeasts; Synthetic Biology; Gene Circuits; Auxotrophies; Kill Switches

Online: 7 March 2023 (16:03:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0428.v1

Hybrid Spreadable Cheese Analogues with Faba Bean and Tenebrio molitor Flours: Optimisation Using Desirability-Based Mixture Design

Laura Garcia-Fontanals, Raquel Llorente, Juanjo Valderrama, Sergio Bravo, Clara Talens

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: hybrid cheese; faba bean protein; insect protein; desirability-based mixture design; spreadability texture analysis; sensory analysis

Online: 27 February 2023 (01:44:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0415.v1

Heart Rate Estimation by Video-Based Reflec-tance Photoplethysmography

Ozzy King

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: reflectance PPG; reflectance photoplethysmography; heart rate estimation; video

Online: 24 February 2023 (02:52:59 CET)

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Non-invasive heart rate (HR) monitoring is important in clinical settings as it plays a critical role in diagnosing a range of health conditions and assessing well-being. Presently, the gold standards for HR measurement are all based on sensors which require skin contact. Apart from inconvenience, contact sensors have proven problematic in certain scenarios – they cannot be used when mechanical isolation of the patient is imperative (burn victims, patients with shaky hands and feet), cause skin damage to premature babies in the ICU and increase the risk of spreading infections. Non-contact HR monitoring using a camera has been recently shown to be a viable alternative. It is now possible to record cardiac-synchronous blood volume variations from facial videos of human subjects under ambient lighting. These variations produce corresponding changes in skin reflectance which can be extracted as a raw reflectance photoplethysmography (rPPG) signal and processed to reveal HR. In this project, an algorithmic framework for webcam-based HR detection was successfully implemented in MATLAB. The investigation was based on 100 self-captured videos (dark-skinned subject) and 48 videos (from 12 subjects, all but one fair-skinned) obtained from COHFACE – an online database of facial videos and corresponding physiological signals. While the performance metrics (mean error, SNR) of the rPPG signals obtained from the self-captured videos were poor (best case mean error of 22%), they were good enough to demonstrate the success of the implementation. The poor results were primarily imputed to skin tone as rPPG SNR is known to be particularly low for dark tones. The results of the COHFACE videos were far superior, with mean error ranging from 3% to 15% (among 8 different rPPG signals) and 0% to 9% under ambient and dedicated lighting, respectively. This investigation sets the foundation for future research directed at optimizing rPPG performance metrics for dark-skinned subjects.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0312.v1

Prospects of Microfluidic Technology in Nucleic Acid Detection Approaches

Zilwa Mumtaz, Zubia Rashid, Ashaq Ali, Afsheen Arif, Fuad Ameen, Mona S. AlTami, Muhammad Zubair Yousaf

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nucleic acid detection; microfluidics; portable devices; molecular diagnostics; isothermal amplification; lab on chip; Nucleic Acid Testing

Online: 17 February 2023 (13:42:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0194.v1

Exploring the Potential of the Model Cyanobacteria Synecho-Coccus PCC 7002 and PCC 7942 for the Photoproduction of High-Value Terpenes: Comparison With Synechocystis PCC 6803

Célia Chenebault, Victoire Blanc-Garin, Marine Vincent, Encarnación Diaz-Santos, Amélie Goudet, Corinne Cassier-Chauvat, Franck Chauvat

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Cyanobacteria,; Bisabolene; Farnesene; Limonene; Pinene; Nitrogen sources; Ammonium; Nitrate; Urea; Genetic engineering; Bioproduction

Online: 13 February 2023 (02:15:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0142.v1

Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines

K Swetha, Niranjan G Kotla, Lakshmi Tunki, Arya Jayaraj, Suresh K. Bhargava, Haitao Hu, Srinivasa Reddy Bonam, Rajendra Kurapati

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: vaccine; mRNA; COVID 19; lipid nanoparticles

Online: 8 February 2023 (09:55:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0132.v1

Chromosomal Instability in Genome Evolution: From Cancer to Macroevolution

Valentine Comaills, Maikel Castellano-Pozo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Chromosomal instability; Cancer; Genome evolution; Speciation; Structural variant; Meiosis; micronuclei

Online: 7 February 2023 (12:14:31 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0063.v1

The Enhancement of Astaxanthin Production Using Medium Cultures Components, Stressors, Nanoparticles, Elicitors, and Gene Engineering in Haematococcus pluvialis

Hamid Garshasbi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Microalgae; Bio acids; Phytohormones; Medium Culture; Stress

Online: 3 February 2023 (08:45:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0553.v1

Efficient Purification of Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus by a Novel Peptide Aptamer

Georg Tscheuschner, Marco Ponader, Christopher Raab, Prisca S. Weider, Reni Hartfiel, Jan Ole Kaufmann, Jule L. Völzke, Gaby Bosc-Bierne, Carsten Prinz, Timm Schwaar, Paul Andrle, Henriette Bäßler, Khoa Nguyen, Yanchen Zhu, Antonia S. J. S. Mey, Amr Mostafa, Ilko Bald, Michael G. Weller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus; purification; affinity extraction; affinity chromatography, CCMV-binding peptide; virus-like particles; VLP, plant virus, nanotechnology, nanoparticles; virus production; safety issues; ultracentrifugation-free protocol; molecular dynamics

Online: 30 January 2023 (10:09:14 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0552.v1

Challenges and Opportunities for Bio-image Analysis Core-facilities

Johannes Richard Soltwedel, Robert Haase

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Bio-image Analysis; Core-Facility; Sustainability; FAIR-principles

Online: 30 January 2023 (10:03:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0532.v1

Myrtus Communis Leaves; Source of Bioactives, Traditional Use and Their Biological Properties

Mushtaq Mir

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Natural products; Plant extracts; Myrtus Communis; Medicinal plants; Antimicrobial; Antioxidants; Antiviral; Biofilm inhibition

Online: 30 January 2023 (02:26:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0491.v1

Therapeutic Potential of Alternanthera Brasiliana and Fridericia Platyphylla Plants on Bone Healing in Rats

Camila Silva de Morais Pinheiro, Vicente pinheiro Neto, Joice Cortez de Sá Sousa, José Ribamar Da Silva Júnior, Cláudia Quintino da Rocha Oliveira, Ellen Caroline da Silva Penha, Thalisson Kaynan Reis Silva, Ícaro Rodrigo Dutra Cunha, Antônio Carlos Romão Borges, Fábio Henrique Evangelista De Andrade, Marilene Oliveira da Rocha Borges

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Bone healing; bone fracture; herbal medicine; osteogenesis; bone alkaline phosphatase

Online: 27 January 2023 (06:31:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0459.v1

Silk Biomaterials is an Essential Tool and Potential Applications in Biomedical Industries-A Review

Rhishika Dutta, Pramod T, Ajay Kumar Oli, Renuka Jyothi S., Vishwanatha T., Veeresh Nandikolmath, Sadashiv S. O., Sharangouda J. Patil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: silk, biocompatibility, reduced immune response, silk hydrogel, biodegradation, biomaterial

Online: 25 January 2023 (14:19:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0299.v1

Quality Evaluation of Complementary Food Produced by Solid-State Fermentation of Fonio, SoyBean and Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Blends

Ngozi C. Okoronkwo, Chigozie F. Okoyeuzu, Ifeoma E. Mbaeyi-Nwaoha, Chinwendu R. Eze, Chidinma P. Agbata

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: complementary food; solid state fermentation; infant malnutrition; orange-flesh sweet potato; Fonio

Online: 17 January 2023 (07:31:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0290.v3

New Workflow Predicts Drug Targets Against SARS-CoV-2 via Metabolic Changes in Infected Cells

Nantia Leonidou, Alina Renz, Reihaneh Mostolizadeh, Andreas Dräger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: host-virus interactions; tissue-specific model; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antiviral targets; flux balance analysis; flux variability analysis; reaction knockout; host-derived enforcement; metabolic modeling; virus mutations; software engineering; Python

Online: 17 January 2023 (01:50:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0246.v1

Characterization of Galectin Fusion Proteins with Glycoprotein Affinity Columns and Binding Assays

Carina Dey, Philip Palm, Lothar Elling

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: galectin purification; glycoprotein; galectin fusion protein; Gal-1; Gal-3; Gal-8N; Gal-8C; ELISA; SNAP-tag; extracellular matrix protein

Online: 13 January 2023 (09:26:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0040.v1

Edeepsadpr: An Extensive Deep-Learning Architecture for Prediction of the in Situ Crosstalks of Serine Phosphorylation and ADP-Ribosylation

Haoqiang Jiang, Shipeng Shang, Yutong Sha, Lei Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: ADP-ribosylation; proteomics; post-translational modifications; deep-learning; stacking-based ensemble learning; protein network

Online: 4 January 2023 (02:26:50 CET)

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Protein phosphorylation and ADP-ribosylation (ADPr), as two types of post-translational modifications (PTM), are the process of adding phosphate group and ADP-ribose moieties to proteins, respectively. Although both PTM types can occur on many amino acid types, serine is the most common. Serine phosphorylation (pS), serine ADPr (SADPr), and their in situ crosstalks (pSADPr) play essential roles in biological processes. Although in silico classifiers have been developed for predicting pS and SADPr sites, the classifier for predicting pSADPr sites is unavailable. In this study, we developed classifiers to predict pSADPr sites. Specifically, we collected 3250 human pSADPr, 7520 SADPr, 151,227 pS and 80,096 unmodified serine sites. Based on them, we investigated the characteristics of pSADPr sites and constructed three classifiers to predict pSADPr sites from the pS dataset, the SADPr dataset and the protein sequences separately. We built and evaluated five deep-learning classifiers in ten-fold cross-validation and independent test datasets. Three of them (e.g. Convolutional Neural Network with the One-Hot encoding, dubbed CNNOH) performed better than the rest two. For instance, CNNOH had the AUC values of 0.700, 0.914 and 0.954 for recognizing pSADPr sites from the SADPr, pS and unmodified serine sites.Therefore, it is challenging to distinguish pSADPr sites from SADPr sites compared to the other two. It is consistent with our observation that pSADPr's characteristics are more similar to those of SADPr than the rest. Furthermore, we used the classifiers as base classifiers to develop a few stacking-based ensemble classifiers to improve performance. However, none of the ensemble classifiers showed better performances, suggesting that the base classifiers have good enough performances. Finally, we developed an online tool for extensively predicting human pSADPr sites based on the CNNOH classifier, dubbed EdeepSADPr. It is freely available through http://edeepsadpr.bioinfogo.org/.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0564.v1

The Role of “Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model (PBPK)” New Approach Methodology (NAMs) in Pharmaceuticals and Environmental Chemical Risk Assessment

Deepika Deepika, Vikas Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model (PBPK); Drugs; environmental chemicals; Adverse outcome pathway (AOP); machine learning

Online: 30 December 2022 (01:30:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0559.v1

‘Nori’ (Porphyra sp.), a Functional Food Showing Anticancer Activity against Ovarian Cancer

Sanniyasi Elumalai, G Rajesh Kanna, A Umamaheswari, P Raj Preethy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nori; human ovarian tetracarcinoma (PA1); Tatridin B; NSD2 inhibitor

Online: 29 December 2022 (09:57:46 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0529.v1

Packaging and Uncoating of CRISPR/Cas Ribonucleoproteins for Efficient Gene Editing with Viral and Non-viral Extracellular Nanoparticles

Dmitriy Mazurov, Lama Ramadan, Natalia Kruglova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: CRISPR; Cas9 ribonucleoprotein; virus-like particles; exosomes; HIV assembly and disassembly; delivery

Online: 28 December 2022 (06:11:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0509.v1

Peptidome Profiling of Bubalus Bubalis Urine and Assessment of its Antimicrobial Activity against Mastitis-Causing Pathogens

Rohit Kumar, Nikunj Tyagi, Anju Nagpal, Jai Kumar Kaushik, Ashok Kumar Mohanty, Sudarshan Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: antimicrobial peptide; urinary peptides; bioactive peptides; proteases; buffalo; mass spctrometry

Online: 27 December 2022 (06:03:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0460.v1

Proof-of-Concept of a Novel Multiepitope Recombinant Protein for the Serodiagnosis of Patients with Chagas Disease

Juliana Martins Machado, Isabela Amorim Gonçalves Pereira, Ana Clara Gontijo Maia, Mariana Ferraz Chaves Francisco, Lais Moreira Nogueira, Isadora Braga Gandra, Anna Julia Ribeiro, Kamila Alves Silva, Carlos Ananias Aparecido Resende, Jonatas Oliveira da Silva, Michelli dos Santos, Ana Alice Maia Gonçalves, Grasiele de Sousa Vieira Tavares, Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli, Mariana Campos da Paz da Paz, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Manoel Otávio C. Rocha, Ana Thereza Chaves, Eduardo Antônio Ferraz Coelho, Alexsandro S. Galdino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: multiepitope; recombinant protein; immunodiagnosis; Chagas disease

Online: 26 December 2022 (02:17:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0439.v1

Biosynthesis of Fatty Acid Derivatives by Recombinant Yarrowia Lipolytica Containing Msexd2 and Msexd3 Desaturase Genes from Manduca Sexta

Jaroslav Hambalko, Peter Gajdoš, Jean-Marc Nicaud, Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro, Michal Tupec, Iva Pichová, Milan Čertík

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Yarrowia; pheromone; desaturase; Manduca; conjugase; metabolic engineering

Online: 23 December 2022 (03:50:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0385.v1

Germination and Early Growth of Acacia nubica Benth. In vitro

Kauther Sir El-Khatim Ali, Hussien M. Daffalla, Magdoleen G. Osman, Abdulahafiz Musa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Acacia nubica; dormancy; germination; in vitro; seedling; synchronization

Online: 21 December 2022 (04:32:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0231.v1

Current Metabolic Engineering Strategies for Photosynthetic Bioproduction in Cyanobacteria

Alessandro Satta, Lygie Esquirol, Birgitta E. Ebert

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway; photosynthesis; isoprenoids; lipids; biofuels; gene editing; CRISPR; riboswitch; riboregulators; nanocompartments

Online: 13 December 2022 (07:22:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0223.v1

rMELEISH:A Novel Recombinant Multiepitope-Based Protein Applied to The Serodiagnosis of Both Canine and Human Visceral Leishmaniasis

Daniel Silva Dias, Juliana Martins Machado, Patriciia Aparecida Fernandes Ribeiro, Amanda Sanchez Machado, Fernanda Fonseca Ramos, Lais Moreira Nogueira, Ana Alice Maia Gonçalves, Luana de Sousa Ramos, Isadora Braga Gandra, Flaviane Silva Coutinho, Michelli Santos, Jonatas Oliveira Silva, Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli3, Rafael Gonçalves Teixeira-Neto, Ana Thereza Chaves, Mariana Campos-da-Paz, Amanda A Souza, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Sonia Maria Freitas, Sandra Lyon, Danielle Ferreira De Magalhães-Soares, Julia Angelica Gonçalves Da Silveira, Eduardo Sergio Silva, Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho, Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Leishmaniasis; recombinant chimeric protein; serodiagnosis; visceral leishmaniasis; humans; dogs

Online: 13 December 2022 (02:38:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0209.v1

High-quality Reconstruction of Disease Mechanisms: Planning, Development and Maintenance

Alexander Mazein, Marcio Luis Acencio, Irina Balaur, Adrien Rougny, Danielle Welter, Anna Niarakis, Diana Ramirez Ardila, Ugur Dogrusoz, Piotr Gawron, Venkata Satagopam, Wei Gu, Andreas Kremer, Reinhard Schneider, Marek Ostaszewski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Systems Biology; Systems Medicine; Disease Mechanisms; Disease Maps; Network Biology

Online: 13 December 2022 (01:06:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0059.v1

Endo-exoglucanase Synergism for Cellulose Nanofibril Production Assessment and Characterization

Ricardo G. Ramírez Brenes, Lívia da Silva Chaves, Ninoska Bojorge, Nei Pereira Jr.

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: nanocellulose; enzymatic synergism; optimal mixture; CCRD; Colby factor

Online: 5 December 2022 (06:03:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0569.v1

Quantitative ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (qNMR) of Aromatic Amino Acids for Protein Quantification

Teodor Tchipilov, Klas Meyer, Michael G. Weller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: amino acid analysis; AAA; protein hydrolysis; metrology; traceability; reference materials; internal standards; calibration

Online: 30 November 2022 (09:17:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0567.v1

Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass into Biofuels and Value-Added Products for Sustainable Environment: A Comprehensive Review

Surbhi Sharma, Mei-Ling Tsai, Vishal Sharma, Pei-Pei Sun, Parushi Nargotra, Bijender Kumar Bajaj, Chiu-Wen Chen, Cheng-Di Dong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Keywords: Integrated biorefinery; Circular economy; Lignocellulosic biomass; Pretreatment; Valorization; Enzymes; Biofuels; Biochemicals

Online: 30 November 2022 (08:50:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0520.v1

Comparison between Manual and Automated Cryopreservation Techniques and Effects of Different Semen Extenders on Post-Thaw Semen Quality of Buffalo

Md. Ahsanul Kabir, S. M. Jahangir Hossain, G.K. Deb, Shahanaj Ferdousi Shejuty, Dipa Das, Abdullah Al Noman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Cryopreservation; Nitrogen vapor; Buffalo semen; Bangladeshi buffalo; Diluents and extenders.

Online: 29 November 2022 (01:25:56 CET)

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Biology and Life Sciences