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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0327.v1

Bioinformatic Methods for Identifying Differentially Abundant Subpopulations in scRNA-seq Data

Giona Kleinberg, Ashwini Shinde, Sai Batchu, Michael Diaz, Kevin Root, Brandon Lucke-Wold

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: scRNA-seq; bioinformatics; subpopulations; analysis methods; single-cell RNA sequencing

Online: 21 September 2022 (11:22:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0287.v1

Anticholinesterase and Pro-dopaminergic Effects of Instant Coffee

Daniele O. Köhn, Graziella R. Molska, Lyvia Izaura G. Paula-Freire, Giuseppina Negri, Elisaldo A. Carlini, Fúlvio R. Mendes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Coffea arabica; antioxidant; acetylcholinesterase inhibition; catalepsy; unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion; caffeine

Online: 20 September 2022 (03:22:27 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0281.v2

A Molecular Framework for Autistic Experiences: Mitochondrial Allostatic Load as A Mediator between Autism and Psychopathology

Caitlyn Mahony, Colleen O' Ryan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: autism; autistic burnout; social camouflaging; early life stress; suicidality; psychopathology; mitochondrial allostatic load

Online: 5 September 2022 (03:35:24 CEST)

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Molecular autism research is evolving towards a biopsychosocial framework that is more informed by autistic experiences. In this context, research aims are moving away from correcting external autistic behaviors and towards alleviating internal distress. Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASCs) are associated with high rates of depression, suicidality and other comorbid psychopathologies, but this relationship is poorly understood. Here, we integrate emerging characterizations of internal autistic experiences within a molecular framework to yield insight into the prevalence of psychopathology in ASC. We demonstrate that descriptions of social camouflaging and autistic burnout resonate closely with the accepted definitions for early life stress (ELS) and chronic adolescent stress (CAS). We propose that social camouflaging could be considered a distinct form of CAS that contributes to allostatic overload, culminating in a pathophysiological state that is experienced as autistic burnout. Autistic burnout is thought to contribute to psychopathology via psychological and physiological mechanisms, but these remain largely unexplored by molecular researchers. Building on converging fields in molecular neuroscience, we discuss the substantial evidence implicating mitochondrial dysfunction in ASC to propose a novel role for mitochondrial allostatic load in the relationship between autism and psychopathology. An interplay between mitochondrial, neuroimmune and neuroendocrine signaling is increasingly implicated in stress-related psychopathologies, and these molecular players are also associated with neurodevelopmental, neurophysiological and neurochemical aspects of ASC etiology. Together, this suggests an increased exposure and underlying molecular susceptibility to ELS that increases the risk of psychopathology in ASC. This article describes an integrative framework shaped by autistic experiences that highlights novel avenues for molecular research into mechanisms that directly affect the quality of life and well-being of autistic individuals. Moreover, this framework emphasizes the need for increased access to diagnoses, accommodations, and resources to improve mental health outcomes in autism.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0028.v1

The Habits of the Indonesian People by Drinking Coffee with the Incidence of Hypertension

Candra Kusuma Negara, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Hypertension; drinking coffee

Online: 2 September 2022 (02:41:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0501.v1

Aconitum Alkaloid Songorine Exerts Potent Gamma-aminobutyric Acid A Receptor Agonist Action In Vivo and Effectively Decreases Anxiety Without Adverse Sedative or Psychomotor Effects in the Rat

Zsolt Kristóf Bali, Nóra Bruszt, Zsombor Kőszegi, Lili Veronika Nagy, Tamás Atlasz, Péter Kovács, Dezső Csupor, Boglárka Csupor-Löffler, István Hernádi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: GABA-A receptors; in vivo electrophysiology; microiontophoresis; vigilance; anxiety; behavioral pharmacology; diterpene alkaloids; picrotoxin; saclofen; songorine

Online: 30 August 2022 (03:45:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0439.v1

How Do We Connect Brain Areas with Cognitive Functions? The Past, Present and the Future

Khushboo Verma, Satwant Kumar

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: cognition; cognitive functions; localization; lesion studies; body perception; functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); electrical microsimulation; transcranial magnetic stimulation; extrastriate body area; fusiform body area

Online: 28 July 2022 (11:16:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0180.v1

The Plasma Membrane as the Arena for Receptor-Receptor Crosstalk

Ana Sofía Vallés, Francisco J. Barrantes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: plasma membrane; membrane domains; nanodomains; neurotransmitter receptors; cannabinoids; acetylcholine receptor; cannabinoid receptor.

Online: 12 July 2022 (09:17:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0171.v1

The Effects of Chronic Stress on Neuroanatomy and Cognitive Function

Niki Viradia, Jesica Godinez Paredes, Syed Hassan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Alzheimer’s; aging; amygdala; brain plasticity; CA1; CA3; chronic stress; cognition; GABA; HIF-1; hippocampus; hypoxia; neurogenesis; Parkinson’s; prefrontal cortex; PSA-NCAM; ROS; spatial learning

Online: 12 July 2022 (04:25:55 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0003.v1

A Unique Observation of A Patient With Vulto-Van Silfhout-De Vries Syndrome

Natalia Bodunova, Maria Vorontsova, Igor Khatkov, Elena Baranova, Svetlana Bykova, Daniil Degterev, Maria Litvinova, Airat Bilyalov, Maria Makarova, Olesya Sagaydak, Anastasiia Danichevich

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: VULTO-VAN syndrome; DEAF1; VSVS

Online: 1 July 2022 (04:43:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0310.v1

The Effects of Olfactory Loss and Parosmia on Food and Cooking Habits, Sensory Awareness, and Quality of Life – A Possible Avenue for Regaining Enjoyment of Food

Alexander Wieck Fjaeldstad, Barry C. Smith

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: olfactory loss; parosmia; food liking; cooking

Online: 24 May 2022 (02:59:57 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0281.v1

A Molecular Framework for Autistic Experiences: Mitochondrial Allostatic Load as A Mediator between Autism and Psychopathology

Caitlyn Mahony, Colleen O' Ryan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: autism; autistic burnout; social camouflaging; early life stress; suicidality; psychopathology; mitochondrial allostatic load

Online: 21 May 2022 (10:53:46 CEST)

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Molecular research into Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) is undergoing an essential shift towards a biopsychosocial framework that is informed by autistic experiences. In this context, research aims are moving away from correcting external autistic behaviors and towards alleviating internal distress. ASC is associated with high rates of depression, suicidality and comorbid psychopathologies, but the underlying mechanisms that mediate this relationship are poorly understood. Here, we integrate emerging psychosocial characterizations of internal autistic experiences within a molecular framework to yield insight into the prevalence of psychopathology in ASC. We demonstrate that recent conceptualizations of social camouflaging and autistic burnout resonate closely with the accepted definitions for early life stress (ELS) and chronic adolescent stress (CAS). We propose that social camouflaging could be considered a distinct form of ELS that contributes to allostatic load, culminating in a pathophysiological state that is experienced as autistic burnout. Autistic burnout is thought to contribute to psychopathology via both psychosocial and neurophysiological mechanisms, but these remain largely unexplored by molecular researchers. Considering recent insights from converging bodies of work in molecular neuroscience, we discuss the substantial evidence implicating mitochondrial dysfunction in ASC to propose a novel role for mitochondrial allostatic load in the relationship between autism and psychopathology. An interplay between mitochondrial metabolism, neuroimmune and neuroendocrine signaling is increasingly implicated in stress-related psychopathologies and these molecular players are also associated with neurodevelopmental, neurophysiological and neurochemical aspects of ASC etiology. Together, this suggests an increased exposure to, and an underlying molecular susceptibility to, ELS that increases the risk of psychopathology in ASC. This article describes an integrative framework shaped by autistic experiences that highlights novel avenues for future research into molecular mechanisms that affect the quality of life and well-being of autistic individuals. Moreover, this framework emphasizes the need for increased access to diagnosis, accommodations, and resources to improve mental health outcomes in autism.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0153.v1

Chronic Exposure to Methadone Induces Activated Microglia and Astrocyte and Cell Death in the Cerebellum of Adult Male Rats

Nghmeh Zamani, Laya Takbiri Osgoei, Abbas Aghaei, Hossein Hassanian Moghaddam, Nasim Zamani

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Apoptosis; Cerebellum; Methadone; Neuroinflammation

Online: 10 March 2022 (14:22:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0145.v1

Data-Driven EEG Band Discovery with Decision Trees

Shawhin Talebi, John Waczak, Bharana Fernando, Arjun Sridhar, David J. Lary

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: electroencephalography (EEG); EEG bands; decision tree; machine learning

Online: 10 March 2022 (10:38:44 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0097.v1

May the 4c’s Be with You: An Overview of Complexity-Inspired Frameworks for Analyzing Resting-State Neuroimaging Data

Fran Hancock, Fernando Rosas, Pedro Mediano, Andrea Luppi, Joana Cabral, Ottavia Dipasquale, Federico Turkheimer

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Complexity; connectivity; computation; criticality; metastability; integrated information

Online: 7 March 2022 (12:28:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0173.v1

Up-And-Down γ-Synuclein Transcription in Dopamine Neurons Translates Into Changes in Dopamine Neurotransmission and Behavioral Performance in Mice

Rubén Pavia-Collado, Raquel Rodríguez-Aller, Diana Alarcón-Arís, Lluís Miquel-Rio, Esther Ruiz-Bronchal, Verónica Paz, Leticia Campa, Mireia Galofré, Véronique Sgambato, Analia Bortolozzi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: γ-synuclein; AAV vector; antisense oligonucleotide; cognitive dysfunction; dopamine; motor deficits

Online: 12 January 2022 (14:27:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0099.v1

Efficacy and Safety of Citalopram Compared to Atypical Antipsychotics on Agitation in patients with BPSD

Haider Qasim

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: BPSD; antipsychotics; SSRIs; dementia; agitation

Online: 10 January 2022 (11:19:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0098.v1

New Hope for Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD): A Narrative Review of Clinical Studies Conducted in the Symptomatic Treatments for Agitation and Psychosis Episodes in Alzheimer’s Disease/Dementia

Haider Saddam Qasim, Maree Donna Simpson

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: BPSD; Alzheimer’s dementia; agitation; psychosis; SSRIs; antipsychotics; brexpiprazole; dextromethorphan

Online: 10 January 2022 (11:12:38 CET)

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Background: The psychomotor agitation of the BPSD is one of the common issues in aged care facilities, leading to the poor functional and medical consequences. Psychotropic interventions are the preferable choice of treatment. But which medication should be the prescribers first preference? This review aims to compare pharmacological interventions for psychomotor agitation, judging them according to their effectuality and justifiability profiles. This is to be achieved by retrieving information from RCTs and systematic reviews. Objectives: This review evaluates evidence from RCTs, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses of BPSD patients who had taken agitation treatments. Assessing the efficacy of antidepressants and antipsychotic treatments when compared to each other for the purpose of improving agitation outcomes. Methods: This narrative review includes RCTs and retrospective studies that were comparing one or more active ingredient medications with another or with a placebo, along with sys-tematic reviews comparing antidepressants with antipsychotics such as quetiapine, olanzapine, and risperidone. Studies extracted by searching accessing databases, such as PubMed, OVID, and Cochrane with restrictions of date from 2000 to 2021 and English language. Quality of evidence: The quality of systematic reviews was judged against AMSTAR score, and RCTs were judged according to CONSORT checklist for RCT protocols. Conclusion: There are still few studies of serotonin targeting treatment of agitation in BPSD. The SSRIs such as citalopram were associated with a reduction in symptoms of agitation, and lower risk of adverse effects compared to antipsychotics. This review also illustrates brexpiprazole as a target of multimodal neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine; and dextromethorphan, OR dextromethorphan associated with bupropion or quinidine as a blockade of NMDA receptors. The outcome of this review suggests that further studies involving more dementia/Alzheimer’s participants should be conducted. Future studies are required also to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of SSRI, brexpiprazole, dextromethorphan treatments for agitation in BPSD.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0420.v1

Differential Effects of Exercise on fMRI of the Midbrain Ascending Arousal Network Nuclei in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Gulf War Illness (GWI) in a Model of Postexertional Malaise (PEM)

James N Baraniuk, Alison Amar, Haris Pepermintwala, Stuart D Washington

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Midbrain; postexertional malaise; PEM, arousal; exercise; fMRI; autonomic; postural tachycardia; Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; ME/CFS; Gulf War Illness; GWI

Online: 23 November 2021 (10:53:55 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0050.v1

The Neuroprotective Effects of Cannabis-Derived Phytocannabinoids and Resveratrol in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Pre-clinical Studies

Samay Prakash, Wayne G. Carter

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: cannabinoids; cannabis-derived phytocannabinoids; neuroprotection; resveratrol; Parkinson’s disease

Online: 2 November 2021 (12:15:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0415.v1

Reductions in Hydrogen Sulfide Precede Onset of Mitochondrial Quality Control in the Corneal Kindled Mouse Model of Epilepsy

Christi Cho, Maxwell Zeigler, Stephanie Mizuno, Richard S. Morrison, Rheem Totah, Melissa Barker-Haliski

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: epilepsy; hydrogen sulfide; corneal kindled mice, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, LC-MS/MS; temporal lobe epilepsy; neurological disorder; gasotransmitter

Online: 27 October 2021 (13:36:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0347.v1

Strain, Sex, and Time Dependent Antidepressant-like Effects of Cannabidiol

Gabriela Pandini Silote, Michelle C. Gatto, Amanda Eskelund, Francisco S. Guimarães, Gregers Wegener, Sâmia R. L. Joca

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Cannabidiol; S-Ketamine; Sex; Mice strain; Flinders Sensitive Line rats; Tail suspension test; Forced Swim Test.

Online: 25 October 2021 (12:32:45 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0114.v1

Serendipity and the Brain, or How We Make Great Discoveries

Daniel Kondziella

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: concept cells; consciousness; Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis

Online: 4 August 2021 (13:17:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0317.v1

The Medial Septum as a Potential Target for Treating Brain Disorders Associated with Oscillopathies

Yuichi Takeuchi, Anett Nagy, Lívia Barcsai, Qun Li, Masahiro Ohsawa, Kenji Mizuseki, Antal Berényi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Medial septum; Oscillation; Oscillopathy; Deep brain stimulation; Epilepsy

Online: 14 May 2021 (08:44:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0254.v1

Patient Satisfaction in Medicine and Dentistry: A Need to Advance to a Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) Culture in Surgical Sciences

Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar, Mansour K. A. Assery

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: dental care; emotions; health personnel; health services; human needs; motivation; patient reported outcome measures; patient satisfaction; personal satisfaction; theory of satisfaction

Online: 11 September 2020 (09:44:11 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behaviour and Its Disorders

Federico E. Turkheimer, Fernando E. Rosas, Ottavia Dipasquale, Daniel Martins, Erik D. Fagerholm, Paul Expert, Frantisek Vasa, Louis-David Lord, Robert Leech

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Complex systems; Emergence; Neuroimaging; Behaviour; Disorders

Online: 2 September 2020 (10:02:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0716.v1

A Cost-efficient Model for Predicting Cerebral Aβ Burden Using MRI and Neuropsychological Markers in the ADNI-2 Cohort: Comparisons in Predictability among Machine Learning Models

Hyunwoong Ko, Seho Park, Jungjoon Ihm

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: amyloid beta; neuropsychological assessment; machine learning; Alzheimer’s disease

Online: 31 August 2020 (09:30:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0654.v1

A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behaviour and Its Disorders

Paul Expert, Federico Turkheimer

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Complex systems; Emergence; Neuroimaging; Behaviour; Disorders

Online: 30 August 2020 (10:53:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0196.v1

Brain Oscillatory Activity during Tactile Stimulation Correlates with Cortical Thickness of Intact Areas and Predicts Outcome in Comatose Patients

Galina Portnova, Irina Girzhova, Daria Filatova, Vitaliy Podlepich, Alina Tetereva, Olga Martynova

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: coma; unconsiousness; EEG; MRI; Freesurfer; TBI

Online: 9 July 2020 (12:58:28 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0215.v1

The Role of Endocannabinoid System in Sleep Deprivation-Induced Psychosis-Like Symptoms through Hampering Prepulse Inhibition; A Hypothesis

Mohammad Nami, Ali-Mohammad Kamali, Milad Kazemiha, Rao kosagisharaf, Sabri Derman

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: endocanabinoid system; sleep deprivation; animal models; psychosis-like symptoms; drug development

Online: 14 April 2020 (06:28:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0219.v3

NOS-2 Participates in the Behavioral Effects of Ethanol Withdrawal in Zebrafish

Suianny Nayara da Silva Chaves, Bruna Patrícia Dutra Costa, Gabriela Cristini Vidal Gomes, Monica Lima-Maximino, Eduardo Pacheco Rico, Caio Maximino

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Nitric oxide; Oxidative stress; Ethanol withdrawal; Anxiety

Online: 2 April 2020 (11:01:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0001.v1

Power Spectral Analysis upon Disfluent Utterance in Adults Who Stutter; a qEEG-based Investigation

Masoumeh Bayat, Reza Boostani, Malihe Sabeti, Fariba Yadegari, Mohammadreza Pirmoradi, Rao KS, Mohammad Nami

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: stuttering; power spectra; speech preparation; imagined speech; simulated speech

Online: 1 April 2020 (07:52:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0396.v1

Sirtuins, Mitochondria and the Melatonergic Pathway in Alzheimer’s Disease

George Anderson, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; sirtuins; mitochondria; leaky gut; inflammation; neuroimmune

Online: 27 February 2020 (10:52:33 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0340.v1

Towards an Understanding of Control of Complex Rhythmical ‘Wavelike’ Coordination in Humans

Ross Howard Sanders, Daniel J. Levitin

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: CPG; swimming; butterfly; freestyle; coordination; body wave; phase; rhythm; motor control; CNS

Online: 24 February 2020 (02:33:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0219.v2

NOS-2 Participates in the Behavioral Effects of Ethanol Withdrawal in Zebrafish

Suianny Nayara da Silva Chaves, Bruna Patrícia Dutra Costa, Gabriela Cristini Vidal Gomes, Monica Lima-Maximino, Eduardo Pacheco Rico, Caio Maximino

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Nitric oxide; Oxidative stress; Ethanol withdrawal; Anxiety

Online: 3 February 2020 (09:37:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0219.v1

NOS-2 Participates in the Behavioral Effects of Ethanol Withdrawal in Zebrafish

Suianny Nayara da Silva Chaves, Bruna Patrícia Dutra Costa, Gabriela Cristini Vidal Gomes, Monica Lima-Maximino, Eduardo Pacheco Rico, Caio Maximino

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Nitric oxide; NOS-2; Ethanol withdrawal; Zebrafish

Online: 16 December 2019 (11:54:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0139.v1

Contributions of the Left- and the Right-Hemisphere on the Language-Induced Grip Force Modulation of the Left Hand in Unimanual Task

Ronaldo Luis da Silva, Francielly Ferreira Santos, Isabela Maria Gonçalves Mendes, Fátima Aparecida Caromano, Johanne Higgins, Victor Frak

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: grip force modulation; embodied language; left hand; right hemisphere; left hemisphere; unimanual task

Online: 10 July 2019 (07:37:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0246.v2

Mathematical Models for Possible Roles of Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptors in Autism

Mark Gottlieb

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Oxytocin, Oxytocin Receptor, Autism, Nepsys Scale, MAST Immune System Disease, Dendritic Spines, Magnocellular Neurons, Desensitization, Labor, Down Regulation

Online: 23 April 2019 (11:12:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0296.v1

Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Coupled with the Apolipoprotein E4 Genotype are Strongly Associated with Semantic and Episodic Memory Impairments in Elderly Subjects with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Dementia

Thitiporn Supasitthumrong, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Daruj Aniwattanapong , Sookjaroen Tangwongchai, Phenphichcha Chuchuen , Itthipol Tawankanjanachot , Thiti Snabboon, Solaphat Hemrungrojn , Andre F. Carvalho, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: episodic memory, apolipoprotein, dementia, biomarkers, anion gap, inflammation

Online: 29 January 2019 (16:52:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0200.v1

MicroRNA cross-involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Atopic Dermatitis: a literature review

Alessandro Tonacci, Gianluca Bagnato, Gianluca Pandolfo, Lucia Billeci, Francesco Sansone, Raffaele Conte, Sebastiano Gangemi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Allergy; Autistic Disorder; Dermatitis; Genetics; Immunity; MicroRNAs

Online: 17 December 2018 (15:53:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0414.v1

In Schizophrenia, Increased Plasma Igm/Iga Responses to Gut Commensal Bacteria are Associated with Negative Symptoms, Neurocognitive Impairments and the Deficit Phenotype

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andre F. Carvalho

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: immune, inflammation, natural IgM, B1 cells, oxidative stress, TRYCATs, schizophrenia, psychosis, psychiatry

Online: 18 October 2018 (10:55:52 CEST)

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Increased gut permeability (leaky gut) with increased translocation of Gram-negative bacteria plays a role in the gut-brain axis through effects on systemic immune-inflammatory processes. Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by an immune-inflammatory response combined with a deficit in natural IgM antibodies to oxidative specific epitopes (OSEs), which are a first line defense against bacterial infections. This study measured plasma IgA/IgM responses to 5 Gram-negative bacteria in association with IgM responses to malondialdehyde (MDA) and azelaic acid in 80 schizophrenia patients (40 with the deficit syndrome and 40 without) and in 38 healthy controls.Deficit schizophrenia was characterized by significantly increased IgA responses to Hafnei alvei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Morganella morganii and Klebsiella pneumoniae as compared with non-deficit schizophrenia. The presence of deficit schizophrenia was highly predicted by increased IgA responses to Pseudomonas putida and IgM responses to all 5 Gram-negative bacteria and lowered natural IgM to MDA and azelaic acid with a bootstrap area under the ROC curve of 0.960 (2000 random curves). A large proportion of the variance (41.5%) in the PANSS negative score was explained by the regression on IgA responses to K. pneumoniae and IgM responses to the 5 enterobacteria coupled with lowered IgM antibodies to azelaic acid. There were significant associations between IgA levels to Gram-negative bacteria and Mini Mental State Examination, Boston naming test, Verbal Fluency and Word List Memory test scores.These findings provide further evidence that deficit schizophrenia is a distinct phenotype of schizophrenia, which is characterized by an increased impact of Gram-negative commensal bacteria coupled with a deficit in natural IgM, pointing to aberrations in B1 cells. It is concluded that increased bacterial translocation and deficits in the compensatory immune-regulatory system (CIRS) may drive negative symptoms and neurocognitive impairments, which are hallmarks of deficit schizophrenia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0083.v2

In Schizophrenia, Low Natural IgM Antibody Titers to Oxidative Specific Epitopes and Higher IgM Responses to Nitrated and Nitrosylated Proteins Strongly Predict Negative Symptoms, Neurocognitive Impairments and the Deficit Syndrome

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andre F. Carvalho

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: immune, inflammation, natural IgM autoimmune, oxidative stress, kynurenine, schizophrenia, psychosis

Online: 8 October 2018 (13:51:40 CEST)

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Schizophrenia is characterized by an interrelated activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune-regulatory reflex system (CIRS), which downregulates the IRS. Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by a deficit in natural regulatory autoimmune responses to tryptophan catabolites. The presence and correlates of IgM isotype antibodies to oxidative specific epitopes (OSEs), nitroso (NO) and nitro (NO₂) adducts in schizophrenia remain unknown.This study measured IgM antibodies to malondialdehyde (MDA), azelaic acid, phosphatidylinositol, oleic acid, NO-tryptophan, NO-albumin, NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine in a sample of 80 schizophrenia patients, divided into those with and those without deficit schizophrenia, and 38 healthy controls.Deficit schizophrenia was characterized by significantly lower IgM antibody levels to all OSEs as compared with non-deficit schizophrenia and controls. Lowered IgM antibodies to MDA coupled with increased IgM levels to NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine strongly predict deficit schizophrenia versus non-deficit schizophrenia with an area under the ROC curve of 0.913. A large part of the variance (21.2 – 42.2 %) in the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and excitation is explained by IgM antibody titers to MDA (inversely) and NO-cysteinyl and/or NO₂-tyrosine (both positively). Lower IgM antibodies to MDA are significantly associated with impairments in episodic memory including direct and delayed recall.These findings further indicate that deficit schizophrenia is a distinct phenotype of schizophrenia, which is characterized by lower natural IgM antibody levels to OSEs and relative increments in nitrosylation and nitration of proteins. It is concluded that deficits in lowered IgM responses to MDA and azelaic acid (part of the CIRS) attenuate the negative immune-regulatory feedback on the primary immune response and that this process may drive negative symptoms and impairments in episodic memory and thus deficit schizophrenia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0083.v1

In Schizophrenia, Low Natural IgM Antibody Titers to Oxidative Specific Epitopes and Higher IgM Responses to Nitrated and Nitrosylated Proteins Strongly Predict Negative Symptoms, Neurocognitive Impairments and the Deficit Syndrome

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andre F. Carvalho

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: immune, inflammation, natural IgM autoimmune, oxidative stress, kynurenine, schizophrenia, psychosis

Online: 4 October 2018 (15:18:40 CEST)

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Schizophrenia is characterized by an interrelated activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune-regulatory reflex system (CIRS), which downregulates the IRS. Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by a deficit in natural regulatory autoimmune responses to tryptophan catabolites. The presence and correlates of IgM isotype antibodies to oxidative specific epitopes (OSEs), nitroso (NO) and nitro (NO₂) adducts in schizophrenia remain unknown.This study measured IgM antibodies to malondialdehyde (MDA), azelaic acid, phosphatidylinositol, oleic acid, NO-tryptophan, NO-albumin, NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine in a sample of 80 schizophrenia patients, divided into those with and those without deficit schizophrenia, and 38 healthy controls.Deficit schizophrenia was characterized by significantly lower IgM antibody levels to all OSEs as compared with non-deficit schizophrenia and controls. Lowered IgM antibodies to MDA coupled with increased IgM levels to NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine strongly predict deficit schizophrenia versus non-deficit schizophrenia with an area under the ROC curve of 0.913. A large part of the variance (21.2 – 42.2 %) in the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and excitation is explained by IgM antibody titers to MDA (inversely) and NO-cysteinyl and/or NO₂-tyrosine (both positively). Lower IgM antibodies to MDA are significantly associated with impairments in episodic memory including direct and delayed recall.These findings further indicate that deficit schizophrenia is a distinct phenotype of schizophrenia, which is characterized by lower natural IgM antibody levels to OSEs and relative increments in nitrosylation and nitration of proteins. It is concluded that deficits in lowered IgM responses to MDA and azelaic acid (part of the CIRS) attenuate the negative immune-regulatory feedback on the primary immune response and that this process may drive negative symptoms and impairments in episodic memory and thus deficit schizophrenia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0543.v1

Be the Change You Seek in Science

Michael Milham, Arno Klein

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Open Science, Data Sharing, Neuroimaging, Reproducibility, Transparency, Reform

Online: 27 September 2018 (11:50:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0407.v2

The Biology of Glial Cells and Their Complex Roles in Alzheimer’s Disease: New Opportunities in Therapy

Saif Shahriar Rahman Nirzhor, Rubayat Islam Khan, Sharmind Neelotpol

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: glial cells; astrocytes; NG2 glia; microglia; oligodendrocytes; Alzheimer’s disease; neurodegenerative disease; Aβ-peptides

Online: 14 September 2018 (03:13:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0481.v2

A Closer Look into the Role of Protein Tau in the Identification of Promising Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease

Rubayat Islam Khan, Saif Shahriar Rahman Nirzhor, Barnaly Rashid

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: protein tau; Alzheimer’s disease; neurodegenerative disease; synaptic dysfunction; Aβ-peptides; tau-imaging

Online: 27 August 2018 (11:25:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0371.v1

Effect of Resveratrol on Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats with Angiotensin II-Induced Early Alzheimer’s Disease

Yu-Te Lin, Yi-Chung Wu, Gwo-Ching Sun, Chiu-Yi Ho, Tzyy-Yue Wong, Ching-Huang Lin, Hsin-Hung Chen, Tung-Chen Yeh, Chia-Jung Li, Ching-Jiunn Tseng, Pei-Wen Cheng

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; central nervous system; hypertension; brain-derived neurotrophy factor; NADPH oxidase

Online: 21 August 2018 (06:04:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0481.v1

A Closer Look into the Role of Protein Tau in the Identification of Promising Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease

Rubayat Islam Khan, Saif Shahriar Rahman Nirzhor, Barnaly Rashid

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: protein tau; Alzheimer’s disease; neurodegenerative disease; synaptic dysfunction; Aβ-peptides; tau-imaging

Online: 25 July 2018 (12:10:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0407.v1

A Review of the Complex Roles of Glial Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease and Potential Glial-Oriented Therapeutic Targets

Saif Shahriar Rahman Nirzhor, Rubayat Islam Khan, Sharmind Neelotpol

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Glial Cells, Astrocytes, NG2 Glia, Microglia, Oligodendrocytes, Alzheimer’s disease, Neurodegenerative disease. Aβ-peptides

Online: 26 June 2018 (10:24:02 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0146.v2

Growth Hormone (GH) Administration Increases the Metabolic Activity of the Left Hippocampus in an Elder Patient with Cognitive Disorders

Jesús Devesa, Iria Núñez, Carlos Agra, Alejandro Bejarano, Pablo Devesa

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Growth Hormone; cognition; recent memory; PET-SCAN; hippocampus; amygdala; parahippocampus; ApoE genotype.

Online: 5 June 2018 (15:18:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0054.v1

Neuropsychiatric Borreliosis/Tick-Borne Disease: An Overview

Robert C Bransfield

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Lyme disease; Borrelia burgdorferi; tickborne diseases; persistent infection; treatment; assessment; depression; anxiety; sleep disorders; opioid addiction

Online: 5 June 2018 (08:33:20 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0300.v1

Rett Syndrome: Treatment with IGF-1, Melatonin, Blackcurrant Extracts, and Rehabilitation

Jesús Devesa, Olga Devesa, María Carrillo, Nerea Casteleiro, Ana Devesa, David Llorente, Cristina González

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: IGF-1; MT; Blackcurrant extracts; Oxidative stress; Mecp2; Speech therapy; Neurostimulation; cyclic glycine-proline; GPE.

Online: 22 May 2018 (11:25:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0355.v1

Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A and Phthalates and Behavioral Problems in Children at Preschool Age: The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health

Machiko Minatoya, Sachiko Itoh, Keiko Yamazaki, Atsuko Araki, Chihiro Miyashita, Naomi Tamura, Jun Yamamoto, Yu Onoda, kazuki Ogasawara, Toru Matsumura, Reiko Kishi

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: SDQ; bisphenol A; phthalates; prenatal exposure; birth cohort; behavioral problems

Online: 27 April 2018 (08:27:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0018.v2

Effects of Excitatory Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the P3 Point in Chronic Stroke Patients – Case Reports

Ronaldo Luis da Silva, Angela Maria Costa de Souza, Francielly Ferreira Santos, Sueli Toshie Inoue, Johanne Higgins , Victor Frak

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: intraparietal sulcus; stroke; rTMS; Fugl-Meyer Assessment; fast frequency TMS; motricity; sensibility; chronic patients

Online: 17 April 2018 (08:35:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0018.v1

Effects of Excitatory Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Anterior Intraparietal Area in Chronic Stroke Patients

Ronaldo Luis da Silva, Angela Maria Costa de Souza, Francielly Ferreira Santos, Sueli Toshie Inoue, Johanne Higgins , Victor Frak

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: anterior intraparietal area; stroke; rTMS; Fugl-Meyer Assessment; fast frequency TMS; motricity; sensibility; chronic patients

Online: 2 March 2018 (05:16:16 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0111.v1

The Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Melatonin during Fetal Development

Yunho Jin, Jeonghyun Choi, Jinyoung Won, Yonggeun Hong

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; melatonin; fetal development; neuroprotection; circadian rhythm

Online: 17 December 2017 (08:41:18 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0022.v1

Validation Study of Italian Version of Inventory for DéJà vu Experiences Assessment (I-IDEA): A Screening Tool to Detect DéJà vu Phenomenon in Italian Healthy Individuals

Laura Mumoli, Giovanni Tripepi, Umberto Aguglia, Antonio Augimeri, Rossella Baggetta, Francesca Bisulli, Antonella Bruni, Salvatore M. Cavalli, Alfredo D'Aniello, Ornella Daniele, Carlo Di Bonaventura, Giancarlo Di Gennaro, Jinane Fattouch, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Alessandra Ferrari, Annateresa Giallonardo, Sara Gasparini, Salvatore Nigro, Andrea Romigi, Vito Sofia, Paolo Tinuper, Maria Grazia Vaccaro, Leila Zummo, Aldo Quattrone, Antonio Gambardella, Angelo Labate

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: Déjà Vu; Inventory for Déjà Vu Experiences Assessment (IDEA)

Online: 11 July 2017 (16:05:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0014.v1

Principles of Dynamic Network Reconfiguration across Diverse Brain States

James M. Shine, Russell A. Poldrack

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: network; topology; integration; segregation; fMRI

Online: 10 July 2017 (05:48:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0095.v1

Melatonin as an Interventional Novel Candidate for the Individual with Autistic Fragile X Syndrome in Human

Jinyoung Won, Yunho Jin, Tae Ho Lee, Sang-Rae Lee, Kyu-Tae Chang, Yonggeun Hong

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: autism spectrum disorders; fragile X syndrome (FXS); sleep disorder; melatonin

Online: 15 March 2017 (07:40:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0114.v1

A Possible Role of an Interaction of the Age at Common Childhood Infections and Selected Dietary Factors at Young Age, for the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis

Klaus Lauer, Annette Wahl, Marcel Geilenkeuser

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Behavioral Neuroscience Keywords: multiple sclerosis; epidemiology; diet; childhood infections; interaction

Online: 22 November 2016 (13:00:45 CET)

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MEDICINE & PHARMACOLOGY