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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1250.v1

The Circular Fluid Heating – Transient Entropy Generation

Fikret Alic

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: transient thermal entropy; circular air flow; PTC heaters; longitudinal fins; circular housing

Online: 21 March 2024 (10:42:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1284.v1

A Time-to-Digital Converter for Reducing Redundant Counting of SS ADC in High-Speed CmCMOS os Image Sensor

Ziyi Li, Zhiyuan Gao

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Time-to-digital converters; Image sensors; Low power consumption; High-speed

Online: 21 March 2024 (09:46:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1258.v1

Evaluation of Powder- and Extrusion- based Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes for the Fabrication of Spare Parts in Electromobility

Alexander Mahr, Tobias Rosnitschek, Thomas Schütt, Stephan Tremmel, Frank Döpper

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: electromobility; additive manufacturing; spare parts supply; process comparison; powder bed fusion of metals via laser beam; metal extrusion-based additive manufacturing

Online: 21 March 2024 (09:17:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1259.v1

Application of the Discrete Wavelet Transform to Damage Detection in a Guy Cable of Guyed Antenna Mast

Anna Knitter-Piątkowska, Maciej Przychodzki, Michał Guminiak

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: truss steel mast; guy ropes; finite element method; damage detection; discrete wavelet transform

Online: 21 March 2024 (08:20:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1244.v1

Influence of Single- and Double-Aging Treatments on the Mechanical and Corrosion Resistance of Alloy 625

Barbara Rivolta, Riccardo Gerosa, Davide Panzeri

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: Alloy 625; Aging treatment; Mechanical strength; Corrosion resistance

Online: 21 March 2024 (07:23:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1111.v1

The Development of Sustainable polyoxymethylene(POM)-Based Composites by the Introduction of Natural Fillers and Melt Blending with Poly(lactic Acid)-PLA

Anna Soćko, Jacek Andrzejewski

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: polymer composites; polyoxymethylene; poly(lactic acid); natural fillers; polymer blends; mechanical properties; thermal resistance; reactive modifiers; injection molding

Online: 21 March 2024 (04:41:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1115.v1

Synergy in Action: Integrating Environmental Monitoring, Energy Efficiency, and IoT for Safer Shared Buildings

Alessandro Franco, Emanuele Crisostomi, Stefano Dalmiani, Roberta Poletti

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Environmental Monitoring; CO2 concentration; Energy Efficiency; Technological Integration; Digital Technologies; Occupant Health; IoT Environments; Sensor Technologies; Machine Learning; Building Management

Online: 21 March 2024 (04:39:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1116.v1

Comprehensive Empirical Modeling of Shear Strength Prediction in Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams

Eyad K. Sayhood, Nisreen S. Mohammed, Salam Jasim Hilo, Salih S. Salih

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Reinforced Concrete Structures; Shear Strength Capacity; Structural Analysis; Empirical Equations; Concrete Compressive Strength; Coefficient of Variation

Online: 21 March 2024 (04:37:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0747.v2

Validation of a Mid-fidelity Numerical Approach for Wind Turbine Aerodynamics Characterization

Alberto Savino, Andrea Ferreri, Alex Zanotti

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Wind Turbine; Aerodynamics; Vortex Particle Method; Computational Fluid Dynamics

Online: 21 March 2024 (04:19:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1112.v1

Fuzzy Analysis of Financial Risk Management Strategies for Sustainable Public-Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects in Ghana

Isaac Akomea-Frimpong, Xiaohua Jin, Robert Osei-Kyei

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Financial risks; Fuzzy synthetic evaluation; PPP infrastructure projects; Sustainability; Surveys

Online: 21 March 2024 (04:06:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1220.v1

Cervical Cancer Perceived Risk Factors Behavior Using Logistic Regression Technique

Aya Haraz, I.M. Elzein, Ashraf Chamseddine, Ahmed H. Eltanboly

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Principal component analysis; cervical cancer; behavioral risk factor; logistic regression (LR); feature engineering; regularization ;

Online: 21 March 2024 (02:00:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1242.v1

Effects of Lignin on the Thermal and Morphological Properties and Damages Mechanisms after UV Irradiation of Polypropylene Biocomposites Reinforced with Flax and Pine Fibres: Acoustic Emission Analysis

Zouheyr Belouadah, Khaled Nasri, Lotfi Toubal

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: biocomposites; UV aging; acoustic emission; damage mechanisms; environmental degradation; thermogravimetric analysis

Online: 20 March 2024 (17:03:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1245.v1

A Comparative Review of Models for All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries

Erkin Yildiz, Mattia Serpelloni, Alberto Salvadori, Luigi Cabras

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: All-solid-state batteries; Modeling; Multiscale compatibility

Online: 20 March 2024 (15:37:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1216.v1

The Microscopic Production Characteristics of CO2 Flooding AF-Ter Water Flooding for Tight Oil Sandstones Reservoirs Utilized NMR and Microscopic Visualization Apparatus

Junjie Xue, Hui Gao, Zhanguo Ma, HuaQiang Shi, Xiaoling Li, Teng Li, Zhilin Cheng, Chen Wang, Pan Li, Nan Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Microscopic oil utilization; Residual oil type; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Microscopic visualization technology; CO2 flooding

Online: 20 March 2024 (13:27:24 CET)

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The microscopic pore structure of tight sandstone reservoir significantly influences the characteris-tics of CO2 flooding after water flooding. The research was conducted using various techniques such as casting thin sections, high pressure mercury injection, scanning electron microscopy, Nu-clear magnetic resonance (NMR) testing, and a self-designed high-temperatures and high-pressures microscopic visualization displacement system. Three type cores with different pore structures were selected for the flooding experiments and the microscopic visualization displace-ment experiments, including CO2 immiscible flooding, near-miscible flooding, and miscible flood-ing after the conventional water flooding. The characteristics of CO2 flooding and the residual oil distribution after water flooding were quantitatively analyzed and evaluated. The results show that: (1) During the water flooding process, the oil produced from type I and type III samples mainly comes from large and some medium pores. Oil utilization of all pores is significant for type II samples. The physical properties and pore types have a greater impact on water flooding. Type I and II samples are more suitable for near-miscible flooding after water flooding. Type III samples are more suitable for miscible flooding after water flooding. (2) In the CO2 flooding, oil recovery increases gradually with increasing pressure for all three types of samples. Type II core samples have the highest recovery. Before miscibility, the oil recovered from type I and type II samples was primarily from large pores, however, the oil recovery mainly comes from medium pores when reaching miscibility. As for the type III samples, the oil produced in the immiscible state mainly comes from large and medium pores, and the enhanced oil recovery mainly comes from medium and small pores after reaching the near-miscible phase. (3) It can be seen from the microscopic re-sidual oil distribution that oil recovery will increase as the petrophysical properties of the rock model improve. The oil recovery of near-miscible flooding after water flooding regarding the type II model is up to 68.11%. The oil recovery of miscible flooding after water flooding about type III model is the highest at 74.57%. With increasing pressure, the proportion of flake residual oil grad-ually decreases, while the proportion of droplet-like and film-like residual oil gradually increases. Type II samples have a relatively large percentage of reticulated residual oil in the near-miscible stage.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1159.v1

Stress Wave Propagation in a Rayleigh–Love Rod with a Sudden Cross-Sectional Area Variation Impacted by a Striker Rod

Chung-Yue Wang, Nguyen Ngoc Thang, Helsin Wang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: nondestructive testing; impact echo; stress wave propagation; Rayleigh– Love rod; Poisson’ s effect; cross-sectional area variation; transmitted and reflected stress waves

Online: 20 March 2024 (12:25:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1189.v1

A Review on Fusion Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic / Austenitic Steels: Processing and Weld Metallurgy

Fabio Giudice, Severino Missori, Cristina Scolaro, Andrea Sili

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: dissimilar weld; arc welding; laser beam; filler metal; dilution; weld zone; solidification mode; heat affected zone.

Online: 20 March 2024 (12:20:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1221.v1

Towards Synthetic, Physical Fingerprint Targets

Laurenz Ruzicka, Bernhard Strobl, Stephan Bergmann, Gerd Nolden, Tom Michalsky, Christoph Domscheit, Jannis Priesnitz, Florian Blümel, Bernhard Kohn, Clemens Heitzinger

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Biometric; Fingerprint; Sensor; Synthetic; Phantom; Standardization; Validation

Online: 20 March 2024 (11:48:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1197.v1

Using Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPT) for Electricity Price Trend Forecasting in the Spanish Market

Alberto Menéndez Medina, José Antonio Heredia Álvaro

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: electricity market price; Spain; Generative AI; GPT; sentiment analysis

Online: 20 March 2024 (11:29:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1198.v1

Monitoring the Wear Trend in Wind Turbines by Tracking the Fourier Vibration Spectrum and Base Density Support Vector Machine

Claudiu Bisu, Adrian Olaru, Serban Olaru, Adrian Alexei, Niculae Mihai, Haleema Ushaq

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: wind turbine; monitoring; wear trend; Fourier vibration spectrum; support vector machine; base density of the collected data; machine learning.

Online: 20 March 2024 (10:20:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1195.v1

Study On The Damage And Fragmentation Characteristics Of Blasting Ore Rock Based On Different Delay Time Conditions

Jingkun Zhao, Hui Chen

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: Electronic detonator; RHT model; precision delay; Rock damage; Mohr-Coulomb criterion

Online: 20 March 2024 (10:19:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1196.v1

Power Consumption Modeling of Airconditioning Units in an Educational Building Using Polynomial and Neural Network Fitting Techniques

Stanley Glenn Brucal, Aaron Don Africa, Roy Francis Navea, Ana Antoniette Illahi, Aristotle Ubando, Marla Maniquiz-Redillas, Reggie Gustilo, Pocholo James Loresco

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: power modeling; curve fitting; neural network fitting; regression analysis; power stabilization; thermal condition; indoor air quality

Online: 20 March 2024 (09:50:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1170.v1

Bearing Performance of Prestressed High-Strength Concrete Pipe Pile Cap Connections under Truncated Pile Conditions

Yasheng Liu, Zhaosheng Guo, Wubin He, Xinsheng Ge, Jingyue Wang, Jing Zhao

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Pile cutting-off; Pipe-pile cap connection; Reciprocating load test; Bearing capacity; Numerical simulation; Embedded depth

Online: 19 March 2024 (16:45:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1169.v1

Low Cost Source Measure Unit (SMU) to Characterize Sensors Built on Graphene-Channel Field-Effect Transistors

Ashley Morgan Galanti, Mark Haidekker

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: source meter unit (SMU); graphene-channel field effect transistor (G-FET); light sensing

Online: 19 March 2024 (16:29:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1168.v1

Integration of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems in Building Envelope for Structural Health Monitoring with Fiber Optic Sensing Technology

Alessandro Pracucci, Laura Vandi, Francesco Belletti, Amanda Ramos Aragão Melo, Marios Vlachos, Angelos Amditis, Maria Teresa Calcagni, David Seixas Esteves

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: piezoelectric energy harvesting systems; structural health monitoring; Fiber Bragg grating sensors; building envelopes; faç; ade integration; energy production; stand-alone system

Online: 19 March 2024 (16:03:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1164.v1

Planning Studies of Driver Behavior at Pedestrian Crossings Using Whole-Vehicle Simulators

Rafał Burdzik, Dawid Simiński, Mikołaj Kruszewski, Anna Niedzicka, Aliya Batyrbekovna Zabieva, Jarosław Mamala, Ewa Dębicka

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: pedestrians; drivers; driving simulators; road safety; pedestrian crossings

Online: 19 March 2024 (14:50:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1160.v1

A Novel Preparation Method of Composite Bolted T-joint with High Bending Performance Based on Prepreg-RTM Co-Curing Process

Tao Zhang, Zhitao Luo, Jinxin Deng, Xiaoquan Cheng

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: polymer composite, T-joint, preparation method, prepreg-RTM co-curing process, bending performance

Online: 19 March 2024 (14:43:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1152.v1

Acoustic Emission Monitoring in Prestressed Concrete: A Comparative Study of Signal Attenuation from Wire-Breaks and Rebound-Hammer Impulses

Max Käding, Steffen Marx

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Acoustic Emission; Non-Destructive Testing; Structural Health Monitoring; Wire-Break Detection; Post-tensioned Concrete; Bridges; Attenuation Analysis

Online: 19 March 2024 (13:13:29 CET)

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Acoustic emission monitoring (AEM) has emerged as an effective technique for detecting wire-breaks resulting from, e.g., stress corrosion cracking, and its application on prestressed concrete bridges is increasing. The success of this monitoring measure depends crucially on a carefully designed sensor layout. For this the attenuation of elastic waves within the structure’s material is determined ideally in-situ through object-related measurements with a reproducible signal source, typically a rebound-hammer. This assumes that the attenuation coefficients derived from rebound-hammer tests are comparable to those from wire-breaks, thus allowing their results to be directly applied to wire-break detection without further adjustments. This study challenges this assumption by analysing attenuation behaviour through an extensive dataset. Employing time-domain and frequency analysis, the research generates attenuation profiles from laboratory experiments and in-situ measurements across various girders and bridge structures, extracting the slope and standard deviation of the residuals. While generally validating this approach, the findings highlight differences in attenuation behaviour from among wire-break signals and rebound-hammer impulses, whereby the latter potentially underestimates the relevant attenuation of wire-breaks by approximately 20 %. Consequently, a transfer factor is proposed to adjust object-related measurement results for wire-break scenarios, including a variance of 1.0 dB/m to cover a 95 % confidence interval for sample scattering. Moreover, the anisotropic attenuation behaviour across different structures was studied, showing that transverse attenuation consistently exceeds the longitudinal, significantly influenced by structural features such as voids. In prefabricated concrete bridges with in-situ-cast concrete slabs, transverse signal transmission remains unhindered across multiple elements. Finally, the results provide a valuable reference for the design of sensor layouts in bridge monitoring, particularly benefiting scenarios where direct in-situ experiences are lacking.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1147.v1

Pseudo-Dynamic Tests on Frame-Shear Wall Structure with Precast Concrete Diaphragm

Chun Han, Xinhong Dong, Qunshan Su, Chunming Duan, Guoping Tian

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Frame-shear wall structure; Precast concrete; Floor diaphragms; Pseudo-dynamic test; Seismic behavior

Online: 19 March 2024 (12:39:34 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1148.v1

Application of Lightweight Design Based on Response Surface Methodology in 410t Hydraulic Climbing Mechanism

Ju Chengwei, Hu Xianxuan, Sun Xuan

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Hydraulic climbing mechanism; Lightweight design; Multi-objective; optimization; Kriging

Online: 19 March 2024 (12:37:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1125.v1

Research of the Failure Mechanism and Preventive Strengthening of Prefabricated Small Box Girder under Car Explosion

Wenliang Hu, Fenghui Dong, Zinan Yu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Failure mechanism; Preventive strengthening; Prefabricated small box girder; Car explosion

Online: 19 March 2024 (12:27:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1121.v1

Optimal Position of Fixed crane and Dynamic Transport Truck Parking in Precast Building Construction Project

Suphawut Malaikrisanachalee, Narongrit Wongwai, Nujet Butsan

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: fixed crane position analysis; precast building; dynamic transport truck parking; genetic algorithm; optimal solution

Online: 19 March 2024 (12:26:09 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1137.v1

Research Status and Development Trends of Active Control Technology for Pantograph in High-Speed Railways

Shengdong Yu, Quan Sun, Dongyuan Zhang, Zan Jiang

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: High-speed railway; pantograph; active control; overhead contact system

Online: 19 March 2024 (11:25:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1139.v1

Object-Oriented Modeling of Classic Physical Systems using Linear Implicit Equilibrium Dynamics

Dirk Zimmer

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Object-oriented modeling; Code Generation; Modeling principles

Online: 19 March 2024 (11:24:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0965.v1

A Comprehensive Review of Organ-on-a-Chip Technology and Its Applications in Disease Diagnostics

Negar Farhang Doost, Soumya K Srivastava

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: microsystem, single-organ systems, multi-organ systems, organs, sensors, and disease diagnostics

Online: 19 March 2024 (09:56:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1059.v1

Innovative Solutions for Worn Fingerprints: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Fingerprint Impression and 3D Printing

Wenhui Mao, Yadong Zhao, Petro Pavlenko, Yihan Chen, Xuezhi Shi

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: fingerprint; fingerprint impression technology; 3D printing technology; backup; unlock

Online: 19 March 2024 (08:05:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1103.v1

A New Rotary Magnetorheological Damper for a Semi-Active Suspension System of low-Floor Vehicles

Yu-Jin Park, Byung-Hyuk Kang, Seung-Bok Choi

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Magnetorheological Fluid; Rotary MR damper; Low-Floor Vehicles; Finite Element Analysis; Magnetic Analysis; Response Time; Damping Force

Online: 19 March 2024 (07:09:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1063.v1

An Innovative Magnetic Density Separation Process

Lin Wang, Peter Rem, Francesco Di Maio, Max Van Beek, Gonçalo Tomás

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: magnetic density separation; magnetic fluid; granular sorting; particle sliding phenomenon; solid waste; wasted PCBAs; wasted wires

Online: 19 March 2024 (06:59:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1077.v1

Prediction of Ground Reaction Forces and Moments and Joint Torques during Level Walking through Optical Motion Capture using a Multibody Dynamics Model and Foot Deformations without Optimization Techniques

Naoto Haraguchi, Kazunori Hase

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Biomechanical analysis; Motion analysis; Gait analysis; Equation of motion; Inverse kinematics; Inverse dynamics; Musculoskeletal model; Contact model

Online: 19 March 2024 (05:33:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0896.v2

A Comprehensive Dataset of the Aerodynamic and Geometric Coefficients of Airfoils in the Public Domain

Kanak Agarwal, Vedant Vijaykrishnan, Dyutit Mohanty, Manikandan Murugaiah

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Airfoil; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); OpenFOAM; Class Shape Transformation (CST); Dataset; Aerodynamic Coefficients; Geometric Coefficients; Aerodynamics

Online: 19 March 2024 (01:27:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1051.v1

Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Lignin Based Ionic Liquids and Comparison of Extraction Behavior of Co(II) and Ni(II) with 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphoric Acid Mono-2-ethylhexyl Ester

Guijiang Li, Wenze Xu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: quaternary ammonium lignin; ionic liquid; separation; cobalt; nickel

Online: 18 March 2024 (16:20:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1044.v1

Advances in Connection Techniques for Raw Bamboo Structures – A Systematic Review

Mary Joanne Capacio Aniñon, Lessandro Estelito O. Garciano

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: bamboo; raw bamboo; bamboo culms; connections; bamboo structures

Online: 18 March 2024 (16:00:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0957.v1

Experimental Investigation on the Optimization of Incremental Formed Polymer Sheets through a Stair Toolpath Strategy

Antonio Formisano, Luca Boccarusso, Dario De Fazio, Massimo Durante

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: incremental forming; polycarbonate; toolpath strategy; forming forces; twisting

Online: 18 March 2024 (15:59:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1028.v1

An Energy-Efficient Logistic Drone Routing Method considering Dynamic Drone Speed and Payload

Kunpeng Wu, Shaofeng Lu, Haoqin Chen, Minling Feng, Zenghao Lu

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Drone routing problem; Logistics drone; Mixed-integer linear programming; Adaptive large neighborhood search

Online: 18 March 2024 (11:39:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1021.v1

Introduction of a Novel Structure for Light Unmanned Balloon’s Payload: A Comprehensive Hybrid Study

Norbert Hegyi, Gusztáv Fekete, János Jósvai

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: novel payload structure; dodecahedron; PLA; low air pressure test; drop test; flight test

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:44:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1003.v1

Enhanced Energy Absorption in Bioinspired Combined TPMS-Gyroid and Walled TPMS-Gyroid Lattice Structure Manufactured via Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)

Dawit Bogale Alemayehu, Masahiro Todoh

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Keywords; bio-inspired; gyroid lattice, Boolean subtraction; finite element analysis; plastic plateau; densification; energy absorption; relative density; size effect

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:39:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1010.v1

Fiber Speckle Sensing Scheme By Optical Power Filtering: Performance Analysis For Temperature Measurements

Francisco J. Vélez-Hoyos, Víctor H. Aristizábal-Tique, Jairo C. Quijano-Pérez, Jorge A. Gómez-López, Carlos Trujillo, Jorge Herrera-Ramirez

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Optical Fiber; Sensor; Speckle; Optical Power; Temperature Measurement; Portable Systems

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:24:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0986.v1

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Assembling Stresses in Parabolic Leaf Springs for Railway Freight Wagons

Vítor M. G. Gomes, Miguel A.V. de Figueiredo, José A. F. O. Correia, Abílio M. P. de Jesus

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: railway; freight wagon; parabolic leaf springs; assembling stresses; finite element analysis.

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:16:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0966.v1

Exploring the Relationship Between Dangerous Driving Practices and Traffic Accidents in Pakistan

Adnan Yousaf, Jianping Wu, Abdul Moiz, Laiba Sethi, Shahzeb Ali Khan

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: traffic accidents, dangerous driving, risky driving, seat belt, DDDI, Driver training

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:02:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0991.v1

A Draft Design of a Zero Power Experiment for Molten Salt Fast Reactor Studies

Bruno Merk, Omid Noori-kalkhoran, Lakshay Jain, Daliya Aflyatunova, Andrew Jones, Lewis Powell, Anna Detkina, Michael Drury, Dzianis Litskevich, Marco Viebach, Carsten Lange

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: nuclear; nuclear reactors; experiments; reactor experiments; zero power experiments; innovative reactors

Online: 18 March 2024 (09:50:12 CET)

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The UK government and many international experts have pointed out that nuclear energy has an important role to play in the transition towards a decarbonized energy system since it is the only freely manageable very low-carbon energy technology with 24/7 availability to complement renewables. Besides current investments in light water reactor technologies, we need innovation for improved fuel usage and reduced waste creation, like offered by iMAGINE, for the required broad success of nuclear technologies. To allow quick progress into innovative technologies like iMAGINE and their regulation, a timely investment into urgently needed experimental infrastructure and expertise development will be required to assure the availability of capacities and capabilities. The initial steps to start the development of such a new reactor physics experimental facility to investigate molten salt fast reactor technology are discussed and a stepwise approach for the development of the experimental facility is described. The down selection to the choice for a diverse control and shutdown system is described through manipulating the reflector (control) and splitting the core (shutdown). The developed innovative core design of having the two core parts in two different rooms opens completely new opportunities and will allow to manifest the request for separated operational and experimental crews, as nowadays requested by regulators into the built environment. The proposed physical separation of safety relevant operational systems from the experimental room should on the one hand help to ease the access to the facility for visiting experimental specialists. On the other hand, the location of all safety relevant systems in a now separated access-controlled area for the operational team will limit the risk of misuse through third party access. The planned experimental programme described with the major steps: core criticality experiments, followed by experiments to determine the neutron flux, neutron spectrum, and power distribution as well as experiments to understand the effect of changes in reactivity and flux as a function of salt density, temperature and composition change.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1018.v1

Dead-Time Inverter Voltage Drop in Low-End Sensorless FOC Motor Drives

Dionisis Voglitsis, Massimo Paglia, Nick Papanikolaou

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: motor control; inverter modeling; inverter voltage drop; Field Oriented Control, sensorless FOC; flux observer

Online: 18 March 2024 (09:02:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0955.v1

Mechatronic and Robotic Systems Utilizing Pneumatic Artificial Muscles as Actuators

Željko Šitum, Juraj Benić, Mihael Cipek

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: soft robotics; mechatronic system; PAMs; control; design

Online: 18 March 2024 (08:38:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0994.v1

Design of Unmanned Road Width in Open-Pit Mines Based on Offset Reaction Time

Liu Han, Peng Liu

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: Unmanned driving; Truck dynamics; Offset reaction time; Road width; Economic benefits

Online: 18 March 2024 (08:09:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1001.v1

A Study of Interface Bond Strength Following Hot Deformation Bonding of AA6061 at Different Temperatures and Loading Rates

Moty Kayat, Brigit Mittelman, Dvir Fadel, Michael Ben-Haroush, Jacob Bortman, Elad Priel

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: metal forming; hot bonding; interface strength; composite sheets

Online: 18 March 2024 (07:30:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1004.v1

A Study of Sliding Friction Using Acoustic Emission and Wavelet-Based Energy Approach

Sergey Sychev, Andre D. L. Batako

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: acoustic emission; friction; wavelet energy; wavelet entropy

Online: 18 March 2024 (07:20:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0841.v1

Force in Cable of Pretensioner Tube – A Method of Car Accident Reconstruction

Adrian Soica

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: accident reconstruction; seat-belt; pbp and plp pretensioner; force-deformation polinomial regression; tube indentation

Online: 18 March 2024 (06:38:17 CET)

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The reconstruction of traffic accidents has grown as an interdisciplinary field since the first accident occurred. Various methods have been developed over time, starting with primary data collected at the scene of the accident. In this work, I proposed a method by which the value of the force in the safety belt buckle can be determined when it is equipped with a pretensioning system with pyrotechnic trigger in the tube, PBP or PLP type. The anti-return system of the pretensioner mechanism, which prevents the passenger's body from moving forward, contains a set of balls that block the movement of the piston in the pretensioner tube after its activation. When limiting the movement, the force the human body exerts on the safety belt webbing is transformed into the deformation of the pretensioner tube by the balls of the anti-return system. Depending on the magnitude of the force, the marks left by the balls differ. I propose a relationship of dependence between the acting force and the deformation of the tube. An experimental test bench was created to perform shock traction tests on the pre-tensioning system, under similar conditions to those of the human body acting on the belt in case of a frontal collision. Following the tests, the force value of the seat belt buckle cable and the diameter of the spherical indentations that the balls left in the pretensioner tube were measured. A mathematical model was proposed to determine the normal force with which a ball from the anti-return system deforms the tube. The normal force was also determined by two other methods specific to contact mechanics and used in the specialized literature. By comparing the normal forces obtained by the three methods, a good correlation between the proposed mathematical model and the Komvopoulos-Ye method resulted, the "Hardness" method not being suitable for this study. The determined polynomial regression curve allows finding out the force in the cable of the closer depending on the size of the deformations produced by the balls in the tube. The forces in the belt webbing can be thus determined and biomechanics specialists can evaluate the injuries to the chest and abdomen of the occupants of a vehicle.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0915.v1

Comparative Analysis of Estimated Small Wind Energy Using Different Probability Distributions in a Desert City in Northwestern Mexico

Juan A. Burgos-Peñaloza, Alejandro A. Lambert-Arista, O. Rafael García-Cueto, Néstor Santillán-Soto, Edgar Valenzuela, David E. Flores-Jiménez

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Short-term wind variability; Probability density function; Small wind energy estimation

Online: 15 March 2024 (19:11:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0944.v1

An Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Employing Quasi-Random Numbers

Shivakumar Kannan, Urmila Diwekar

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Enhanced PSO; SOBOL; Halton; Quasi-random numbers

Online: 15 March 2024 (16:00:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0870.v1

In-Situ Screening of Defective Electronic Components through Edge Real-Time Big Data AI Analysis

Eyal Weiss, Shir Caplan, Jacob Horn, Moshe Sharabi

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: real-time; image processing; quality; manufacturing; defect detection; inspection; TensorFlow; kubernetes; gRPC; production optimization

Online: 15 March 2024 (15:01:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0931.v1

Performance and Challenges of Planetary Roller Screw Mechanism in Complex Conditions: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Progress

Jiacheng Miao, Rui Tang, Xing Du, Bingkui Chen

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Planetary roller screw mechanism; Structural mechanics; Nonlinear dynamics; Tribological characteristics; Thermal behavior; Reliability assessment;

Online: 15 March 2024 (14:58:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0877.v1

Study on the Macro-Fine Mechanical Behavior of Ores Flow Based on Discrete Element Method

Zhiguo Xia, Zhe Deng, Zengxiang Lu, Chenglong Ma

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: ore storage section of orepass; discrete element method; ore-rock flow characteristics; lateral pressure of shaft wall; wall damage degree

Online: 15 March 2024 (14:41:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0914.v1

Tuning of PID Controllers using Reinforcement Learning for Nonlinear Systems Control

Gheorghe Bujgoi, Dorin Sendrescu

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: learning-based control; nonlinear systems control; PID controller; bioprocess

Online: 15 March 2024 (12:12:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0922.v1

Design and Verification of Self-Propelled Electric Tea Seed Planter Based on Orthogonal Test

Luofa Wu, Daogen Chen, Yanqi Wu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: tea seed; electric; planter; orthogonal test

Online: 15 March 2024 (12:12:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0920.v1

Progressive Optimal Fault-Tolerant Control Combining Active and Passive Control Manners

Dan Du, Zetao Li, B. Dahhou

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: passive fault-tolerant control; active fault-tolerant control; progressive optimal fault-tolerant control; guaranteed robust cost control

Online: 15 March 2024 (12:10:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0890.v1

Heat Load Development and Heat Map Sensitivity Analysis for Civil Aero-Engines

Alireza Ebrahimi, Soheil Jafari, Theoklis Nikolaidis

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Thermal Management System; Heat Loads; Aero Engines

Online: 15 March 2024 (08:55:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0896.v1

A Comprehensive Dataset of the Aerodynamic and Geometric Coefficients of Airfoils in the Public Domain

Kanak Agarwal, Vedant Vijaykrishnan, Dyutit Mohanty, Manikandan Murugaiah

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: airfoil; computational fluid dynamics (CFD); OpenFOAM; class shape transformation (CST); dataset; aerodynamic coefficients; geometric coefficients; aerodynamics

Online: 15 March 2024 (07:55:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0895.v1

Optimization of Process Parameters of Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Aluminium Alloys (AA6061 and AA8011) Using Response Surface Methodology

Xavier Sethu E, V. SRITHARAN

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Friction stir welding; Al6061 T6; Al8011; Process Parameters; Box-Behnken; Response Surface Methodology

Online: 15 March 2024 (07:51:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0857.v1

A Fault Diagnosis Method for CNC Machine Feed System Based on DoubleEnsemble-LightGBM Model

Yiming Li, Yize Wang, Liuwei Lu, Lumeng Chen

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: CNC machine feed system; variable speed condition; multi-sensor monitoring; ensemble learning; intelligent fault diagnosis

Online: 15 March 2024 (07:03:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0888.v1

Investigating the Reliability of Existing TA-SP Semi-rigid Connection System by Advanced Modeling Techniques

Ferid A. Yonis, Chun-Qing Li, Saman De Saliva

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Semi-rigid connection; M− θ relationship; Finite element F.E.; Locked chain series system; Reliability index; System reliability index; Target reliability index

Online: 15 March 2024 (05:29:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0868.v1

Sustainability Assessment of Machinery Safety in a Manufacturing Organisation – Supporting Machinery Safety Decision Making with AHP and CART Methods

Hana Pačaiová, Renata Turisová, Juraj Glatz, Daniela Onofrejová

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: machinery safety; multicriteria decision making; AHP; classification and regression trees; CART; safety sustainability; machinery safety decision making

Online: 14 March 2024 (15:49:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0862.v1

Enabling Low-Dose In Vivo Benchtop X-ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography through Deep Learning-Based Denoising

Naghmeh Mahmoodian, Mohammad Rezapourian, Asim Abdulsamad Inamdar, Kunal Kumar, Melanie Fachet, Christoph Hoeschen

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Deep learning; Artificial Intelligence; Xray Fluorescence; XFCT; AI; DL

Online: 14 March 2024 (12:26:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0861.v1

Analysis of Deterioration Characteristics of Service Aged XLPE Cables according to Installation Location of Combined Heat and Power Plant

Ho-Seung Kim, Jiho Jung, Bang-Wook Lee

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: service aged XLPE cable; VLF Tan δ; dielectric breakdown; insulation diagnosis; BFP; cooling tower; deaerator booster pump

Online: 14 March 2024 (12:01:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0860.v1

Development of Worth Estimation and Key Target Selection Methods for Effective VE

Yeon-Goo Jeong, Hye-Min Jeong, Byung-Soo Kim

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Public Buildings, Construction VE, Worth, VI, Key Targets selection

Online: 14 March 2024 (11:55:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0824.v1

Development and Optimization of PIR and QIR Maintenance Strategies Using Monte Carlo Method

Khamiss Cheikh, EL Mostapha Boudi, Rabi Rabi, Hamza Mokhliss

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Maintenance strategies; decision-making; Condition Based Maintenance strategies; Performance & robustness; system with more or less stable behavior; Monte Carlo Method

Online: 14 March 2024 (11:12:17 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0842.v1

State-of-the-art on Fe Precipitation in Porous Media: Hydrogeochemical Processes and Evolving Parameters

Wenran Cao, Guanxi Yan, Harald Hofmann, Alexander Scheuermann

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: groundwater-seawater mixing; oxidative precipitation of Fe(II); permeability/tortuosity–porosity relationship; specific surface area; reactive transport modeling; non-invasive imaging

Online: 14 March 2024 (09:57:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0804.v1

Detecting Reinforced Concrete Rebars Using Ground Penetrating Radars

Wael A. Zatar, Hien Nghiem, Hai Nguyen

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: nondestructive evaluation; ground-penetrating radar (GPR); rebar depth; rebar diameter; reinforced-concrete structures

Online: 14 March 2024 (09:44:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0817.v1

Development and Optimization Design of Outer Rotor BLDC Motor with Taguchi Method based Response Surface Methodology for FEM Analysis

Chun-Yu Hsiao, Soe Min Htet

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: outer rotor BLDC motor; taguchi method; response surface methodology (RSM); finite element method (FEM); magnetic flux density; torque

Online: 14 March 2024 (09:20:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0820.v1

Establishing the Characteristic Compressive Strength Parallel to Fiber of Four Local Philippine Bamboo Species

Christine Abegail Tomagan Panti, Christy Sapois Cañete, Althea Roylo Navarra, Kerby Dianela Rubinas, Lessandro Estelito Ortega Garciano, Luis Felipe López

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Bambusa vulgaris; Dendrocalamus asper; Bambusa blumeana; Guadua angustifolia Kunth; characteristic compressive strength; ISO 22157-1; ISO 12122-1

Online: 14 March 2024 (08:08:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0831.v1

Wearable Biosensor Technology in Education: A Systematic Review

María A. Hernández-Mustieles, Yoshua E. Lima-Carmona, Maxine A. Pacheco-Ramírez, Axel A. Mendoza-Armenta, José Esteban Romero-Gómez, César F. Cruz-Gómez, Diana C. Rodríguez-Alvarado, Jesús G. Cruz-Garza, Alejandro Arceo, Mauricio A. Ramírez-Moreno, Jorge de J. Lozoya-Santos

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Biometrics; Education; NeuroEducation; Wearable Biosensor Technology

Online: 14 March 2024 (07:54:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0825.v1

Revitalising the Coastal Landscape of Qatar: The Urban Renewal Approach in Westbay

Shikha Patel, Deepthi John, Raffaello Furlan, Deepthi John

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: coastal land reclamation; urban planning; urban policy; assessment framework; sustainable development; sustainability indicators.

Online: 14 March 2024 (05:58:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0589.v1

A Deep Learning Approach for Accurate Path Loss Prediction in LoRaWAN Livestock Monitoring

Mike Oluwatayo Ojo, Irene Viola, Silvia Miretti, Eugenio Martignani, Stefano Giordano, Mario Baratta

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: Internet of Things; propagation loss; smart agriculture; LPWAN; LoRa; remote sensing; link quality.

Online: 14 March 2024 (05:44:05 CET)

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The agricultural sector is amidst an industrial revolution driven by the integration of sensing, communication, and artificial intelligence (AI). Within this context, the internet of things (IoT) takes center stage, particularly in facilitating remote livestock monitoring. Challenges persist, particularly in effective field communication, adequate coverage, and long-range data transmission. This study focuses on employing LoRa communication for livestock monitoring in mountainous pastures in the north-western Alps in Italy. The empirical assessment tackles the complexity of predicting LoRa path loss attributed to diverse land-cover types, highlighting the subtle difficulty of gateway deployment to ensure reliable coverage in real-world scenarios. Moreover, the high expense of densely deploying end devices makes it difficult to fully analyze LoRa link behavior, hindering a complete understanding of networking coverage in mountainous environments. This study aims to elucidate the stability of Lora link performance in spatial dimensions and ascertain theextent of reliable communication coverage achievable by gateways in mountainous environments. Additionally an innovative deep learning approach was proposed to accurately estimate path loss across challenging terrains. Remote sensing contributes to land-cover recognition, while Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) enhances the path loss model’s precision. Through rigorous implementation and comprehensive evaluation using collected experimental data, this deep learning approach significantly curtails estimation errors, outperforming established models. Our results demonstrate that our prediction model outperforms established models with a reduction in estimation error to less than 5dB, marking a 2X improvement over state-of-the-art models. Overall, this study signifies a substantial advancement in IoT-driven livestock monitoring, presenting robust communication and precise path loss prediction in rugged landscapes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0901.v5

Design of Additional Dissipative Structures for Seismic Retro-fitting of Existing Buildings

Alessandro Vittorio Bergami

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: passive damping; dissipative devices; seismic retrofitting

Online: 14 March 2024 (00:08:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0744.v1

Design and Implementation of a Methodological Tool for the Application of Energy Poverty Criteria and Indicators in Panama

Aldrix Velásquez, Félix Henríquez, Constantino Gollini, Nicole Villarreal, Dafni Mora, Jesús C. Hernandez

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: energy poverty; rural communities; multidimensional indicator

Online: 13 March 2024 (16:55:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0793.v1

A Novel Paradigm for Controlling Navigation and Walk in Biped Robotics

Giuseppe Menga

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Humanoid and Bipedal Locomotion; Legged Robots; Passive Walking; Foot Placement Estimation; Spherical Inverted Pendulum

Online: 13 March 2024 (15:53:26 CET)

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Classically the walk in biped robotics was obtained controlling balance during the whole step, i.e. guaranteeing that the pressure point under the soles always stayed in the polygon of the supporting feet. However, this assumed that the feet were able to transfer torque to the ground during the whole gait cycle. In spite of the fact that the amount of transferrable torque in the feet-ground contact is limited, it is possible only during some phases of the step, and the overall process is energetically inefficient. On the other side, starting from the passive motion of the rimless wheel falling on an inclined surface, and ending to the inverted pendulum with a compass, balance in the whole was proven in spite of dynamical instability inside each step. Along this line results of Foot Placement Estimation (FPE) in 2-D and 3-D showed how energy efficient walk was possible, emulating the human walk with a free fall on the swing foot and energy restitution at the foot collision with the ground for the next step. This model assumes pointy feet, so without torque transfer to the ground. In the realm of FPE, in previous papers the present author adopted the 3-D inverted pendulum in polar coordinates (Spherical Inverted Pendulum - SIP) to introduce omnidirectional walks with arbitrarily changing characteristics. No torque control was used during the step, i.e the pendulum was always in free fall at each step, the only control actions were at the beginning of the next step. These actions are: the change of angular velocities at the start of a new step, with respect to those given after the collision (emulating the torque action in the brief double stance period), to recover for the losses, and the preparation of the position in the frontal and sagittal planes of the swing foot for the next collision. The present paper improves this paradigm, proposing a general model to account for all characteristics of the biped and of the gait, with adding a minimum of dynamical complexity with respect to the SIP. This model allows, not only to walk omnidirectionally on a flat surface, but also to go up and down staircases.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0780.v1

Hydrocarbons Are the Backbone of Sustainable Civilization

Zaid Binhazzaa

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Sustainability; Material solutions; Hydrocarbons; Material Science; Sustainable Materials

Online: 13 March 2024 (15:11:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0777.v1

Physical Experimental Study on the Wave Reflection and Run-Up of a New Ecological Hollow Cube

Haitao Zhao, Feiyue Ding, Junwei Ye, Huabing Jiang, Wei Chen, Weifang Gu, Gengfeng Yu, Qiang Li

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: Innovative armor block; hollow cube; wave run-up; wave reflection; design; physical model experiment

Online: 13 March 2024 (14:10:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0737.v1

Ammonia Can be Currently Considered as one of the Best Green Energy Ally

Rubén González, Xiomar Gómez

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: economy decarbonization; alternative fuels; CO2 emission reduction; engines

Online: 13 March 2024 (12:00:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0749.v1

A Digital Twin for Assessment of Remaining Useful Life of Offshore Wind Turbines Structure.

Rafael Pacheco-Blazquez, Julio Garcia-Espinosa, Daniel Di Capua, Andres Pastor

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: digital twin, wind turbine, offshore, industry 4.0, composite, marine structure

Online: 13 March 2024 (11:34:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0751.v1

Effective Removal of Microplastics Particles from Wastewater using Bio-Substrates

Laura Beatriz Romero-Zeron, Kalyani Prasad Bhagwat, Denis Rodrigue

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: microplastic particles; bio-adsorbents; natural fibers; bio-substrates; wastewater; plastic pollution; marine pollution; removal; wastewater treatment plants

Online: 13 March 2024 (10:09:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0773.v1

Exploring the Utilization of Plastic Sand in Construction to Drive Sustainable Practices and Foster a Circular Economy

Nnadikwe Johnson, Okure Unyime Enobong, Alaka , Amarachi Chekosiba

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Plastic waste; recycled materials; sustainable construction; reinforced bricks; concrete

Online: 13 March 2024 (09:56:34 CET)

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Plastics play a pivotal role in the principles of a circular economy, where their effective recycling post-utilization, leading to economic value generation and minimal environmental harm, is crucial for achieving sustainable management. Extensive research has delved into the incorporation of waste plastics in concrete, showcasing promising outcomes with a myriad of advantages..The escalating volume of plastic waste is becoming a pressing issue, contributing to environmental pollution, particularly in densely populated cities and towns in Nigeria such as Delta, Aba, Port Harcourt, Onitsha, Enugu, Benue, and Ogun. These urban centers experience high consumption of goods packaged or sealed in plastic materials. Tourist destinations are also affected as large quantities of plastic waste are improperly disposed of or incinerated, resulting in environmental contamination and air pollution. Efforts to address this growing concern are crucial to safeguarding the environment and public health in these regions.Therefore, it is imperative to find effective ways to utilize these waste plastics. By cleaning low-density polyethylene bags and combining them with sand at specific proportions, high-strength bricks can be produced. These bricks not only exhibit thermal and sound insulation properties but also help in pollution control and cost reduction in construction projects. This innovative approach not only addresses the issue of accumulating plastic waste, a non-biodegradable pollutant, but also offers a sustainable solution to manage plastic waste while contributing to the construction industry's efficiency and environmental protection., By incorporating waste plastic and nylon into brick production, we not only reduce the amount of sand extracted from our natural resources like rivers and seas but also utilize the surplus plastic waste that is currently discarded. This research focuses on creating eco-friendly bricks by incorporating molten plastic, nylon, and plastic bottles in varying percentages (0 to 15% by weight) along with 5kg of fly ash. The experimental results from this study will shed light on the feasibility and benefits of using these materials in brick manufacturing, highlighting the potential of sustainable construction practices that minimize environmental impact and resource depletion, The experimental process involved utilizing cement and sand to complete the brick composition, with curing conducted underwater for 29 days followed by baking at temperatures between 100°C to 120°C for 2 hours. The resulting eco-friendly bricks exhibited key characteristics such as being lightweight, porous, having low thermal conductivity, and displaying appreciable mechanical strength. Interestingly, the compressive strengths of these bricks, post the addition of waste plastic and nylon, were found to be comparable to that of conventional bricks. Additionally, these eco-friendly bricks showcased reduced water absorption capacity compared to regular bricks, offering a promising alternative for sustainable and efficient construction practices.The eco-friendly bricks made from A, B, C, and D using 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% plastic/nylon waste showed comprehensive strengths of 19.5 ,19.46, 20.3, and 21.1 respectively, with corresponding water absorption percentages of 0.34, 0.25, 0.22, 0.20, and 0.085. The efflorescence values were lower than those of normal bricks. These bricks are likely to enhance energy efficiency in buildings and provide economic value to manufacturers, thereby promoting a sustainable ecosystem for plastic waste management with the involvement of all stakeholders.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0764.v1

Investigating and Improving Pedestrian Safety in an Urban Environment of a LMIC: A Case Study of Yaoundé, Cameroon

Steffel Ludivin Feudjio Tezong, Tchaheu i Tchaheu Dimitri, Stephen Kome Fondzenyuy, Isaac Ndumbe Jackai II, Davide Shingo Usami, Luca Persia

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Road safety; Pedestrian Safety; Urban environment; LMICs; Pedestrian Safety Index; Global Walkability Index

Online: 13 March 2024 (09:47:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0722.v1

Multifrequencial Electrical Impedance Tomography Images for Swines Pneumonia Detection Using Conductivities Differences

Julia Grasiela Busarello Wolff, Rafael Kingeski, Wellington Pinheiro dos Santos, José Cristani, Sandra Davi Traverso, Aleksander Sade Paterno

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Image Reconstruction; Multifrequencial Electrical Impedance Tomography (MfEIT); swines; lungs; pneumonia; GREIT (EIDORS); Gauss-Newton; Total Variation; EIDORS

Online: 13 March 2024 (09:10:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0758.v1

Finite Element Analysis versus Empirical Modal Analysis of a Basketball Rim and Backboard

Daniel Winarski, Kip P. Nygren, Tyson Winarski

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Mode Shape; Frequency; Finite Element Analysis; Modal Analysis

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:59:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0766.v1

Assessing Reliability, Resilience and Vulnerability of Water Supply from SuDS

Andrea Sulis, Martina Altana, Gianfranco Sanna

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Stormwater flooding; Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS); Sustainable city; Urbanization; MODSIM; Supply indicators

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:16:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0700.v1

Waste Glycerol in the Biosynthesis of Liquid Fuels and Other Value-Added Products – a Review

Joanna Kazimierowicz, Marcin Dębowski, Marcin Zieliński, Sandra Mlonek, Jordi Cruz Sanchez

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: waste glycerol; glycerol for liquid fuels; glycerol for value-added products; valorisation of glycerol; bibliographic analysis

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:09:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0719.v1

Mathematical Model of Tapered Thread Profile Made by Turning from Different Machinability Materials

Oleh Onysko, Volodymyr Kopei, Cristian Barz, Yaroslav Kusyi, Saulius Baskutis, Miсhal Bembenek, Predrag Dašić, Vitalii Panchuk

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: cutting edge inclination angle; lathe tool rake angle; lead screw angle; convolute helicoid; oblique helicoid; generator of ruled helicoid

Online: 12 March 2024 (14:19:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0712.v1

Research on the Effect of Carbon Dioxide Miscible Fracturing Huff and Puff in Enhancing Oil Recovery

Shijing Xu, Changquan Wang, Bin Gao, Tiezheng Wang

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: CO2 miscible fracturing; huff and puff; minimum miscible pressure; enhanced oil recovery; low-permeability reservoir

Online: 12 March 2024 (14:11:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0721.v1

Mechanics 4.0 and Mechanical Engineering Education

EUSEBIO JIMENEZ LOPEZ, PABLO ALBERTO LIMÓN LEYVA, Armando Ambrosio López, Francisco Javier Ochoa Estrella, Juan José Delfín Vázquez, Baldomero Lucero Vázquez, Víctor Manuel Martínez Molina

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Industry 4.0; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering Education; Mechanics 4.0

Online: 12 March 2024 (14:06:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0665.v1

Mechanical Characterization of Corrugated Board: Sensitivity Analysis in Design of Experiments

Tomasz Garbowski, Jolanta Pozorska, Zbigniew Pozorski

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: sensitivity analysis; material properties; identification; corrugated board; experimental tests ;

Online: 12 March 2024 (13:38:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0683.v1

Optimizing Well Placement in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): A Bayesian Optimization Framework under Permutation Invariance

Sofianos Panagiotis Fotias, Ismail Ismail, Vassilis Gaganis

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: CCS; machine learning; Bayesian optimization; Gaussian Process; applied sciences; regression; predictive modelling; well placement optimization

Online: 12 March 2024 (10:26:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0658.v1

Effect of Microscopic Properties for Industrial Cohesive Powder

Maheandar Manokaran, Martin Morgeneyer, Dominik Weiss

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Shear testing; Cohesive powders; Bulk solids

Online: 12 March 2024 (09:11:46 CET)

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