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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1042.v1

Selenium Levels and Sources on Performance, Digestibility, Intestinal Integrity, Serum Parameters and Gene Expression of Selenoproteins in Weaned Piglets

Jorge Luiz Santos de Almeida, Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal, Ricardo Romão Guerra, Terezinha Domiciano Dantas Martins, Patricia Emília Naves Givisiez, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Jonathan Mádson dos Santos Almeida, João Marcos Monteiro Batista, Maria Pricila Ferreira Hermínio, Verônica Lisboa Santos, Wydemberg José de Araújo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Selenoprotein expression, digestibility, yeast selenium, organic selenium, serum parameters.

Online: 16 April 2024 (11:26:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1048.v1

Performance and Cost-Efficiency of Single Hormonal Treatment Protocols in Tropical Anestrous Dairy Cows

Thitiwich Changtes, Javier Sanchez, Pipat Arunvipas, Thitiwan Patanasatienkul, Passawat Thammahakin, Jiranit Jaroensawat, David Hall, Luke Heider, Theera Rukkwamsuk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: dairy cow; anestrous; cost-effective; hormone treatment; reproductive performance

Online: 16 April 2024 (11:25:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0993.v1

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Portugal

Ana Cristina Matos, Luís Figueira, Maria Helena Martins, Luís Cardoso, Manuela Matos, Maria de Lurdes Pinto, Ana Cláudia Coelho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Epidemiology; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; ; wild boar

Online: 16 April 2024 (07:26:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0973.v1

Enriching Eggs with Bioactive Compounds through the Inclusion of Grape By-Product in Laying Hens Diet: Effect on Internal and External Egg Quality Parameters

Beatriz Herranz, Carlos Romero, Inés Sánchez-Román, Mónica López-Torres, Agustín Viveros, Ignacio Arija, Maria Dolores Alvarez, Sonia de Pascual-Teresa, Susana Chamorro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: grape byproducts; polyphenols; antioxidants; egg quality; gallic acid; vitamins; poultry; laying hen

Online: 15 April 2024 (14:19:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0821.v1

CSN1S1, CSN3 and LPL, Three Validated Gene’s Polymorphisms Useful for a More Sustainable Dairy Production in the Mediterranean River Buffalo

Alfredo Pauciullo, Giustino Gaspa, Yi Zhang, Qingyou Liu, Gianfranco Cosenza

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Mediterranean river buffalo; CSN1S1; CSN3; LPL; SCD; milk traits; validation study

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:53:59 CEST)

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The search of DNA polymorphisms useful for the genetic improvement of dairy farm animals lasts more than 40 years with relevant findings in cattle for milk traits, where the best combination of alleles for dairy processing have been found in casein genes and in the DGAT1. Nowadays, similar results are not reached yet in river buffaloes despite advanced genomic technologies and accurate phenotype records are available. The aim of the present study was to investigate and validate in a larger buffalo population the effect on six milk traits of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN1S1, CSN3, SCD and LPL genes, previously reported to be associated with or affect dairy traits in smaller populations often belonging to one farm. A total of 800 buffaloes were genotyped. Daily milk yield (dMY, kg), protein yield (dPY, kg) and fat yields (dFY, kg), fat and protein contents (dFP, % and dPP, %), somatic cell count (SCC, 103cell/ml) and urea (mg/dl) were individually recorded in each month for the whole lactation from 2010 to 2021. A total of 15,742 individual milk test day records (2,496 lactations) were available on 680 buffalo cows with 3.6±1.7 parity (from 1 to 13) and 6.1±1.2 test day records per lactation on average. Three out four SNP in CSN1S1, CSN3 and LPL were associated with at least one of analyzed traits. In particular, the CSN1S1 (AJ005430:c.578C>T) gave favorable associations with all yield traits (dMY, p=0.022; dPY, p=0.014 ; dFY, p=0.029) and SCS (p=0.032), whereas the CSN3 (HQ677596: c.536C>T) positively associated with SCS (p=0.005) and milk urea (p=0.04). Favorable effect on dMY (p=0.028), dFP (p=0.027) and dPP (p=0.050) were observed for the LPL. Conversely, SCD did not show any association with milk traits. This is the first example of confirmation study carried out in the Mediterranean river buffalo for genes of economic interest in dairy field and it represents a very important indication for the preselection of young bulls destined to breeding programs in the view of a more sustainable dairy production.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0768.v1

Proteomics analysis of duck lung tissues in response to highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

Periyasamy Vijayakumar, Anamika Mishra, Sneha M Pinto, Yashwanth Subbannayya, Richa Sood, Thottethodi Subrahmanya Keshava Prasad, Ashwin A Raut

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Duck; avian influenza virus; proteomics; phosphoproteome; disease resistance; hub proteins

Online: 11 April 2024 (10:36:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0774.v1

Junxia Li, Zhenguo Wang, Liujia Wang, Xiayuan Wang, Dong He, Xinming Duan, Chunxiang Zhang, Youshe Ren, Chunhe Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: cashmere goat; cashmere production; secondary hair follicle; age; oxidative stress

Online: 11 April 2024 (10:12:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0715.v1

Dirofilaria sp. and Blood Meal Analysis in Mosquitoes Collected in Vojvodina and Mačva, and the First Report of Setaria tundra (Issaitshikoff &Amp; Rajewskaya, 1928) in Serbia

Sara Šiljegović, Theo Mouillaud, Davy Jiolle, Dušan Petrić, Aleksandra Ignjatović-Ćupina, Ana Vasić, Christophe Paupy, Mihaela Kavran

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Dirofilaria sp.; Setaria tundra; mosquito surveillance; Cox1 gene

Online: 11 April 2024 (04:07:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0697.v1

Changes in the Transcriptome Profile in Young Chickens after Infection with LaSota Newcastle Disease Virus

Taina SB Lopes, Jannis Nankemann, Cassandra Breedlove, Andrea Pietruska, Raiumundo Espejo, Camila A Cuadrado, Ruediger Hauck

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Vaccine; Immunogenomics; Gene regulation; Pathway analysis; Bioinformatics.

Online: 10 April 2024 (07:58:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0605.v1

Changes in Fecal Microbiome Associated with Parity in Lactating Bactrian Camels

Jilite Wang, Hongcai Zhang, Jianxiong Xu, Hongxi Du

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Camel; Feces; Microbial community; Parity; Verrucomicrobiaceae; Tuberculosis pathway

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:55:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0490.v1

Advancements In Understanding and Diagnosing Canine Ehrlichiosis: A Comprehensive Review

Monica E.T. Alcón-Chino, Salvatore Giovanni De-Simone

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Ehrlichia canis; Tick; Ehrlichiosis; Diagnosis, Vaccine

Online: 8 April 2024 (10:09:15 CEST)

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Abstract: Canine ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted by ticks, posing a formidable challenge to both veterinary and public health sectors worldwide. Across continents and regions, the prevalence rates of Ehrlichia canis exhibit significant variation, underlining the necessity for a nuanced and globally informed approach to understanding and combating this disease. The review navigates through this complexity, shedding light on the intricate pathogenesis of the illness. Central to this understanding is the bacterium's adept manipulation of the host's immune response, contributing to the diverse clinical manifestations observed in infected animals. Diagnostic methodologies, crucial for timely intervention and management, are subjected to critical assessment. From traditional microscopy to modern molecular techniques and serology, each approach is scrutinized for its strengths and limitations. By acknowledging these nuances, the review aims to equip practitioners with the knowledge necessary to make informed diagnostic decisions. A central tenet of this review is the advocacy for an integrated "One Health" approach. By leveraging advancements in genomics, proteomics, and artificial intelligence, there is a potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and develop innovative therapeutic and preventive strategies globally. This collaborative approach recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, offering a holistic framework for tackling complex zoonotic diseases like canine ehrlichiosis. In conclusion, this review serves as a beacon of knowledge, illuminating the multifaceted landscape of canine ehrlichiosis. Through its synthesis of scientific literature and emphasis on methodological rigor, it provides a foundation upon which future research and interventions can be built. With a unified commitment to "One Health" principles and the integration of cutting-edge technologies, there exists the potential to mitigate the impact of this disease and safeguard both animal and human well-being worldwide

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0507.v1

The Effect of Orally Administered Multi-Strain Probiotic Formulation (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) on the Phagocytic Activity and Oxidative Metabolism of Peripheral Blood Granulocytes and Monocytes in Lambs

Roman Wójcik, Joanna Małaczewska, Dawid Tobolski, Jan Miciński, Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska, Grzegorz Zwierzchowski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: lambs; phagocytosis; oxidative burst; granulocytes; monocytes; probiotic.

Online: 8 April 2024 (08:41:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0509.v1

The Influence of a High-Cholesterol Diet and Forced Training on Lipid Metabolism and Intestinal Microbiota in Male Wistar Rats

Yuliya S. Sidorova, Nikita A. Petrov, Yuliya M. Markova, Alexey I. Kolobanov, Sergey N. Zorin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: cholesterol; hypercholesterolemia; physical activity; lipid metabolism; liver; intestinal microbiota; rats

Online: 8 April 2024 (07:01:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0464.v1

The Social and Self-Directed Behaviours of Captive Golden Lion Tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) within a Pair with a Sick Individual

Camilla Elita Bach Jensen, Jacob T Bundesen, Majbrit Winding Rindom Sørensen, Mikkel Trankjær Gudmann, Peter Kristian Kyed, Patrick Urup, Jonas Nielsen, Maria Gytkjær Nielsen, Marie Ribergaard Friis, Julie Beukel, Sofie Jentzsch Hvid Amstrup, Frej Gammelgård, Trine Hammer Jensen, Cino Pertoldi, Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup, Juan Olvido Perea-García

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Animal Welfare; Captivity; Environmental conditions; Leontopithecus rosalia; Primates; Stereotypical behaviour; Surveillance; Time budget; Zoo

Online: 8 April 2024 (05:09:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0438.v1

Relationship of Body Condition Score, Body Parameters and Body Carcass Fat in Coopworth Breeding Ewes

Ahmad Shalaldeh, Shannon Page, Patricia Anthony, Stuart Charters, Majeed Safa, Chris Logan, Rebecca Johnson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: body condition score; body parameters; body carcass fat; live weight; ewes condition; image analysis; Artificial neural network

Online: 5 April 2024 (12:13:39 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0432.v1

Occurrence of Freshwater Stingrays in the Uatumã River Basin, Amazon Region: A Field Study

Maria Fernanda da Silva Gomes, Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride, Maiko Willas Soares Ribeiro, Cristiane Cunha Guimarães, Tiago Cabral Nóbrega, Rayana Melo Paixão, Adriene Nuzia de Almeida Santos, Adriano Teixeira de Oliveira

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Biodiversity; Geographic distribution; Potamotrigoníneos

Online: 5 April 2024 (11:04:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0398.v1

In vitro embryos of Romosinuano and Tropical Milking cattle during three seasons in Veracruz, Mexico

Froylan Rosales-Martínez, Carlos Miguel Becerril-Pérez, Adalberto Rosendo-Ponce, Alberto Riaño-Gaya, César Cortez-Romero, Jaime Gallegos-Sánchez, Salvador Romo-García

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Adapted breeds; climatic change; genetic resources; hot climates; OPU-IVF; tropical region

Online: 5 April 2024 (06:14:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0243.v1

Echocardiographic Documentation of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Development in Dogs Naturally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi

Eduardo E. Avalos-Borges, Carlos Manuel Acevedo-Arcique, Jose Candelario Segura-Correa, Matilde Jimenez-Coello, Nisha Jain Garg, Antonio Ortega-Pacheco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Echocardiographic alterations; left ventricle; dog; Trypanosoma cruzi; flow patterns; dilated car-diomyopathy; Chagas disease

Online: 3 April 2024 (16:03:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0228.v1

Perceptions of Animal Welfare on Livestock: Evidence from College Agronomy Students in Costa Rica

Anthony Valverde, José Andrés González, Francisco Sevilla, Sara Mora, Eduardo R.S. Roldan, Celso Vargas, Rodolfo González

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: animal sciences; undergraduate students; animal ethics; bio law; bioethics

Online: 3 April 2024 (13:12:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0255.v1

Genetic Characterization of Lactococcus spp. Isolated from Brazilian Native Fish Species

Angelo Barbanti, Angélica do Rosário, Cynthia Maia, Victória Rocha, Henrique Costa, Júlia Trindade, Luiz Nogueira, Júlio Rosa, Maria Ranzani-Paiva, Fabiana Pilarski, Silvia Gallani, Carlos Leal, Henrique Figueiredo, Guilherme Tavares

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: fish; lactococcosis; identification; serotyping; genotyping

Online: 3 April 2024 (11:23:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0186.v1

The New Buffer Salt Protected Sodium Butyrate Promotes Growth Performance by Improving Intestinal Histomorphology, Barrier Function, Antioxidative Capacity, and Microbiota Community of Broilers

Mebratu Melaku, Dan Su, Huaibao Zhao, Ruqing Zhong, Teng Ma, Bao Yi, Liang Chen, Hongfu Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: sodium butyrate; growth performance; intestinal health; short-chain fatty acids; cecal microbiota; broilers

Online: 2 April 2024 (13:04:48 CEST)

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In this study, a commercial sodium butyrate protected by a new buffer salt solution (NSB) was tested to determine whether it can be used as an antibiotic alternative in broiler production. 192 1-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments: soybean meal diet (CON), antibiotic diet (ANT, basal diet + 100 mg/kg aureomycin), and NSB (basal diet + 800 mg/kg NSB). The growth performance, serum anti-inflammatory cytokines, intestinal morphology, gut barrier function, antioxidative parameters, SCFAs content, and cecal microbiota were analyzed. The result showed that NSB significantly improved ADFI, ADG (p < 0.01), and decreased FCR (p < 0.01). Serum anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was up-regulated (p < 0.01), and pro-inflammatory TNF-α was down-regulated (p < 0.05) by NSB supplementation. H&E results showed that VH and VH: CD ratio significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the jejunum and ileum in the NSB group. Furthermore, ZO-1 (p < 0.01), claudin-1 (p < 0.01), and occludin (p < 0.05) in the jejunum and claudin-1 (p < 0.01) and mucin-2 (p < 0.05) in the ileum significantly up-regulated in the NSB group, respectively. Additionally, SOD (p < 0.05) and T-AOC/MDA ratio (p < 0.01) in the jejunum and SOD in the ileum were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the NSB group. The MDA level also significantly increased (p < 0.01) in the ANT group in the jejunum. Propionic acid (p < 0.05) and butyric acid (p < 0.01) content significantly increased in the NSB group in the jejunum and ileum segments. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in alpha and beta diversity among the groups. LEFSe analysis also indicated that Peptostreptococcaceae, Colidextribacter, Firmicutes, Oscillospira, and Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, which promote SCFA production (p < 0.05), were identified as dominant taxon-enriched bacterial genera in the NSB group. The Spearman correlation analysis revealed that Colidextribacter with ADFI, ADG, VH, claudin-1 (p < 0.05), and unclassified_f__Peptostreptococcaceae with ADFI, IL-10, and ZO-1 were positively correlated (p < 0.05). Furthermore, ADFI and ADG with IL-10, claudin-1, SOD, T-AOC, and butyric acid (p < 0.05), and similarly, ADG with VH (p < 0.05) showed a positive correlation. In conclusion, NSB enhanced the growth performance by improving jejunum and ileum morphology, serum anti-inflammatory cytokines, regulating intestinal barrier function and antioxidant capacity, SCFAs content, and cecum microbiota, showing its potential use as an alternative to antibiotics in poultry nutrition.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0065.v1

Sperm Incubation in Bww Medium Induces Capacitation- Related Changes in the Lizard Sceloporus torquatus

Uriel Ángel Sánchez-Rivera, Norma Berenice Cruz-Cano, Alfredo Medrano, Carmen Álvarez-Rodríguez, Martín Martínez-Torres

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: sperm capacitation; BWW medium; lizard; incubation; assisted reproduction techniques

Online: 2 April 2024 (02:26:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1644.v1

Effect of Heat Stress on Subsequent Estrous Cycles Induced by PGF2α in Cross-Bred Holstein Dairy Cows Raised in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand

Passawat Thammahakin, Adisorn Yawongsa, Theera Rukkwamsuk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: heat stress; dairy cow; rectal temperature; respiratory rate; reproduction

Online: 27 March 2024 (08:25:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1589.v1

Recombinant Fowlpox Virus fpIBD1 in Chicken’s Skin: Persistence and the Local Immune Response at the Site of Inoculation

Ibrahim Eldaghayes, Lisa Rothwell, Michael Skinner, Pete Kaiser

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Fowlpox virus; fpIBD1; immune cells; vaccination; persistence

Online: 26 March 2024 (11:45:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1493.v1

Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Effects of Walnut Kernel Cake on Adipose Deposition in Pig

Lei Liu, Xiaodan Shang, Li Ma, Dawei Yan, Adeyinka Abiola Adetula, Ying Bai, Xinxing Dong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: walnut kernel cake; transcriptome; single-cell transcriptome; adipose deposition; pig

Online: 26 March 2024 (10:24:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1529.v1

Another Trial of a Solar-Powered, Cooperative Sensor/Actuator, Opto-Acoustical, Virtual Road-Fence to Mitigate Roadkill in Tasmania, Australia

Steven Gregory Candy, James A Bunker, Bruce Englefield

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: wildlife vehicle collisions; roadkill; One Welfare; virtual fence; avoidance learning; animal welfare.

Online: 26 March 2024 (08:17:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1478.v1

Challenges, Economics, and Sustainability of Sheep and Goat Farming in Drylands

Faisal Al-Barakeh, Ashraf Omar Khashroum, Radi A. Tarawneh, Fatima A. Al-Lataifeh, Azzam N. Al-Yacoub, Moammar Dayoub, Khaled Al-Najjar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Sustainability; Smallholder; Sheep, Goat; Jordan

Online: 25 March 2024 (11:19:31 CET)

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This study finds that in northern Jordan, breeder indicators present challenges to the sustainability and growth of sheep and goat farming, while economic indicators suggest a combination of financial stability alongside hurdles related to profitability and resource ownership. Breeder age plays a role in the management of livestock herds, due to factors such as experience, resources, or adherence to traditional practices. Experience significantly affects breeders' decisions on male insemination replacements, likely due to skill. Crop cultivation influences breeders' returns by reducing feeding costs, while strategic lamb sales management boosts individual animal profitability. Winter raises animal mortality due to cold stress. Other animals in herds increase kid mortality by spreading diseases. Breeder experience significantly affects lamb survival, stressing its role in care. Increasing sheep proportion enhances lamb production and reduces lamb mortality while managing rams and selling lambs positively affects herd health and productivity. A larger goat herd proportion positively correlates with kids sold but inversely with breeding males and overall kids, implying trade-offs affecting herd productivity and mortality rates. Sheep herds (92.5%) show slightly better reproductive success than goats (90.6%), implying superior long-term viability. Flock excels in birth, survival, and sales, but low sheep and lamb%. Improvement is needed for sustainability, and the potential is high. Goat breeding shines in birth, sales, and overall success, but needs attention to kid survival and other sustainability issues. In conclusion, despite challenges, there are promising opportunities to enhance sheep and goat farming in Jordan. Effective management, informed by breeders' experience and economics, is crucial. Empowering small-scale herders and implementing targeted interventions like winter mortality solutions and selective breeding is vital for sustainable growth.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1412.v1

Adriatic Sea Fishery Product Safety, Prospective and Climate Change

Edmond Hala, Rigers Bakiu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: fishery product safety; climate change; fishery management; Adriatic Sea; Mediterranean Sea

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:47:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1419.v1

Use of Stable Isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) to Infer Post-breeding Dispersal Strategies in Iberian Populations of the Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus)

Andrea Gestoso, María Vidal, Jesús Domínguez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Available habitat; Kentish plover; post-breeding dispersal; stable isotopes

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:47:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1408.v1

ProAKAP4 as Indicator of Post-thaw Motility in Stallion

Marta DORDAS-PERPINYÀ, Ivan Yanez-Ortiz, Nicolas Sergeant, Vincent Mevel, Jaime Catalán Bahamondes, Jean François Bruyas, JORDI MIRO, Lamia Briand-Amirat

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: ProAKAP4, AKAP4, stallion, spermatozoa, motility, mitochondrial activity.

Online: 25 March 2024 (07:54:22 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1396.v1

Occurrence of Clostridium perfringens in Wild Mammals in the Amazon Biome

Hanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira, Ananda Iara de Jesus Sousa, Isabela Paduá Zanon, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque Lopes, Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva, Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues, Felipe Masiero Salvarani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: alpha toxin; toxinotype A; wild mammals; diarrhoea

Online: 23 March 2024 (09:34:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1268.v1

Assessing substrate degradation and bioconversion efficiency of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: effect of diet composition on growth and development temperature.

Simona Belperio, Arianna Cattaneo, Eleonora Nannoni, Luca Sardi, Giovanna Martelli, Sihem Dabbou, Marco Meneguz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Black soldier fly, substrate, bioconversion, thermal imaging camera.

Online: 21 March 2024 (11:31:30 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1253.v1

Gas Gangrene in a Horse in the Amazon Biome Caused by Clostridium septicum

Loise Araújo de Sousa, Leandro Oliveira da Silva, Márcio Alan Oliveira Moura, Marcos Dutra Duarte, Valíria Duarte Cerqueira, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva, Felipe Masiero Salvarani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Clostridium septicum, alpha toxin, multiplex PCR, malignant edema, claudication.

Online: 21 March 2024 (10:46:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1235.v1

Microplastic Contamination in Commercial Insect Meal: A Valid Analytical Method to Detect It

Simona Rimoldi, Jessica Ponti, Andrea Valsesia, Giulio Saroglia, Rita La Spina, Francesco Fumagalli, Genciana Terova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Aquaculture; Insect meal; Microplastics (MP); Nanoplastics (NP); Aquafeed; Raman microscopy; Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM); Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).

Online: 20 March 2024 (14:11:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1208.v1

Effects of low and high maternal protein intake on fetal skeletal muscle miRNAome in sheep

Bilal Akyüz, Md Mahmodul Hasan Sohel, Yusuf Konca, Korhan Arslan, Kutlay Gürbulak, Murat Abay, Mahmut Kaliber, Stephen N. White, Mehmet Ulas Cinar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Ovis aries; nutrimiromics; dietary protein; prenatal life; gestation

Online: 20 March 2024 (13:29:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0954.v1

Evaluation of a Commercially Available Serum Competitive ELISA for Detection of Specific Antibodies to Neospora caninum in Raw Milk of Ruminants

Ragab Fereig, Sarah A. Altwaim, Caroline F. Frey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Neosporosis; Cattle; ELISA; Antibodies; Milk

Online: 18 March 2024 (09:58:32 CET)

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Neosporosis is an infection caused by the protozoan parasite Neospora caninum and has substantial veterinary hazards. Neosporosis cannot be controlled via vaccination or a chemotherapeutic agent. Thus, accurate diagnosis followed by isolation and culling of infected animals is regarded as the most efficient way of control. In vivo diagnosis often relies on serologic testing of the animals, and milk represents a non-invasive and easy to collect sample matrix. However, ELISAs specifically designed for the antibody detection in milk are sometimes not easily available and it is tempting to use ELISA kits designed for use in serum also for milk samples. Herein, we evaluated a widely used commercial ELISA (ID Screen® Neospora caninum competition Multispecies ELISA (ID. Vet, Grabels, France)), developed for detection of N. caninum antibodies in serum samples, for its performance with milk samples instead. Milk samples from dairy ruminants (cows, buffaloes, sheep, goats; n = 149) were tested in parallel with the serum ELISA and a commercial milk ELISA as a standard test (Neospora caninum Milk Competitive ELISA, ID. Vet, Grabels, France). The detected prevalence rates were 42 (28.2%), 26 (17.4%), and 26 (17.4%) using milk ELISA, serum ELISA, and both ELISAs, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the serum ELISA used with milk samples were 61.9%, 100%, 100%, 87%, respectively: Agreement and Kappa value between the two ELISAs were 89.3%, and 0.70, respectively. High values of Pearson correlation coefficient (0.991) and area under ROC curve (0.789) demonstrated a high diagnostic performance of serum ELISA also in milk samples. Also, Bland-Altman plot and Histogram describing the frequency of distribution of ELISA optical densities confirmed the high agreement of both serum and milk ELISAs. The current results revealed a high specificity but moderate sensitivity of the serum ELISA used for milk samples compared with the milk ELISA. However, the excellent positive predictive value of the serum ELISA makes it an alternative option in case of unavailability of milk ELISA. With this study, we provided additional evidence that a widely used serum ELISA test kit may also be used for detection of N. caninum antibodies in milk samples.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0846.v1

Feeding Dairy Goats Dehydrated Orange Pulp Improves Cheese Antioxidant Content

José Luis Guzmán, Luis Ángel Zarazaga, Antonio Ignacio Martín-García, Manuel Delgado-Pertíñez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: alternative feedstuffs; rennet substitute; goat cheese; orange by-product; Payoya breed; fatty acid profile; antioxidant capacity; phenolic compounds; fat-soluble vitamins

Online: 14 March 2024 (15:06:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0588.v1

Impacts of a Local Government Funded Free Cat Sterilization Program for Owned and Semi-owned Cats

Jennifer Lee Cotterell, Jacquie Rand, Tamsin S. Barnes, Rebekah Scotney

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: sterilization program; cats; animal management Australia; one welfare; local government; animal welfare

Online: 14 March 2024 (05:54:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0791.v1

GnRH Vaccine could Suppress Serum Testosterone in Stallion Mules

Siriporn Khumsap, Sahatchai Tangtrongsup, Patcharapa Towiboon, Chaleamchat Somgird

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: stallion mule; immunocastration; GnRH vaccine; Improvac; anti-GnRH antibody; testosterone

Online: 13 March 2024 (16:13:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0789.v1

Molecular Identification and Prevalence of the Mite Carpoglyphus lactis (Acarina: Carpoglyphidae) in Apis mellifera in the Republic of Korea

Thi-Thu Nguyen, Mi-Sun Yoo, Hyang-Sim Lee, So Youn Youn, Se-Ji Lee, Su-Kyoung Seo, Jaemyung Kim, Yun Sang Cho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Apis mellifera; Carpoglyphus lactis; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene; Molecular identification; Republic of Korea

Online: 13 March 2024 (16:10:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0717.v1

Potential Inhibitors of Lumpy Skin Disease’s Viral Protein (DNA Polymerase): A Combination of Bioinformatics Approaches

Sabbir Zia, Md-Mehedi Sumon, Md-Ashikur Ashik, Abul Basar, Sangjin Lim, Yeonsu Oh, Yungchul Park, Md Mafizur Rahman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Lumpy skin disease; DNA polymerase; potential inhibitors; phytocompounds; antiviral drug compounds; molecular docking

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:58:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0707.v1

Growth Performance of Buffalo Calves in Response to Different Diets with and without Saccharomyces cerevisiae Supplementation

Fabio Zicarelli, Nadia Musco, Piera Iommelli, Metha Wanapat, Daria Lotito, Pietro Lombardi, Federico Infascelli, Raffaella Tudisco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: buffalo calves; Saccharomyces Cerevisiae; growth performance

Online: 12 March 2024 (14:04:30 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0549.v1

Preliminary Analysis of the Development of the Breeding Program of Peruvian Paso Horse under Field Conditions

Jorge Luis Vilela, Paola Quintana, María Lourdes Velarde, Rosario Gonzales, Teresa Vargas, José Dextre

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Peruvian paso horse; heritability; genetic correlations; repeatability; overreach; term; acuteness

Online: 11 March 2024 (09:47:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0389.v1

A Comprehensive Review of the Variability of Bovine Colostrum Components and Their Effect on Neonatal Calf Physiology

Flávio Gomes Da Silva, Severiano R. Silva, Alfredo M.F. Pereira, Joaquim Lima Cerqueira, Cristina Conceição

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Bioactive components; Cell; Gut maturation; Nutrition; Microbiome; Passive immune transfer; Thermoregulation

Online: 8 March 2024 (01:55:51 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0388.v1

Developing Captive Marmosets as a Translational Geroscience Model to Study the Microbiome and Healthy Aging

Kelly R. Reveles, Alexana J. Hickmott, Kelsey A. Strey, Aaryn C. Mustoe, Juan Pablo Arroyo, Michael L. Power, Benjamin J. Ridenhour, Katherine R. Amato, Corinna N. Ross

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: common marmoset; aging; geroscience; microbiome; fecal microbiota transplantation

Online: 8 March 2024 (01:55:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0438.v1

Characterization of the Protective Cellular Immune Response in Pigs Immunized Intradermally with the Live Attenuated African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) Lv17/WB/Rie1

Miriam Pedrera, Alejandro Soler, Alicia Simón, Nadia Casado, Covadonga Perez, María A García-Casado, Paloma Fernández-Pacheco, Pedro J. Sánchez-Cordón, Marisa Arias, Carmina Gallardo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: African swine fever; live-attenuated virus; vaccine; protective cellular response; T-cell; cytokines; domestic pigs

Online: 7 March 2024 (14:48:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0370.v1

Construction and Analysis of miRNA Editing Developmental Atlas in Adipose Tissue of Ningxiang Pigs

Jiayu Lv, Fang Yang, Yiyang Li, Ning Gao, Qinghua Zeng, Haiming Ma, Jun He, Yuebo Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Ningxiang pigs; miRNA editing; high-throughput sequencing; fat deposition

Online: 7 March 2024 (08:19:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0291.v1

Comprehensive Review of Canine Entropion: Types, Surgical Techniques, and Prognosis

Alejandra Estrada-Araya, Johan Macuer-Guzmán, Cecilia Echeverria-Jaque, Florina Freidl, Claudia Giovagnoli-Vicuña

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: canine; surgical; Hotz-Celsus technique; eyelids

Online: 6 March 2024 (12:52:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0281.v1

Comparison of Propofol and Alfaxalone as Anesthesic Drugs in Bitches Undergoing Ovariohysterectomies (Health Bitches and with Pyometra) and Cesarean Sections

Raquel Rodríguez-Trujillo, Miguel Batista-Arteaga, Kseniia Iusupova, Inmaculada Rosario-Medina, Desirée Alamo-Santana

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: propofol; alfaxalone; ovariohysterectomy; cesarean section; Apgar test

Online: 6 March 2024 (07:30:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0278.v1

External Hoof Measurements of Untrimmed and Unshod Mules in Northern Thailand

Thawijit Phannithi, Aree Laikul, Watcharapol Pathomsakulwong, Porrakote Rungsri, Tawanhathai Apichaimongkonkun, Krisana Watchrarat, Worakij Cherdchutham

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: mule; hoof conformation; forelimbs; hoof balanced; Equus caballus x Equus asinus; hoof measurement

Online: 6 March 2024 (05:14:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0257.v1

The Replacement of Fish Meal With Poultry By-Product Meal and Insect Exuviae: Effects on Growth Performance, Gut Health and Microbiota of the European Seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax

Simona Rimoldi, Ambra Rita Di Rosa, Rosangela Armone, Biagina Chiofalo, Imam Hasan, Marco Saroglia, Violeta Kalemi, Genciana Terova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: insect meal; exuviae; poultry meal; seabass; gut microbiota

Online: 5 March 2024 (10:53:00 CET)

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This study addresses the urgent need for sustainable protein sources in aquaculture due to the depletion of marine resources and rising costs. Animal protein sources, particularly poultry by-product meal (PBM) and insect exuviae meal, are investigated as viable alternatives to fishmeal (FM). Research confirms the successful replacement of FM with a combination of PBM and insect exuviae meal (up to 50%) in the diet of European seabass without compromising growth, feed conversion, gut health and liver fat content. In particular, growth performance was robust with both PBM formulations, with the 25% PBM diet showing better results. Histological examinations showed good gut and liver health, contradicting the concerns of previous studies. The study emphasizes the importance of holistic analyzes that go beyond growth parameters and include histomorphological investigations. The results show that PBM in combination with insect/exuviae meal is well tolerated by seabass, which is consistent with literature reports of mitigating negative effects on gut health. A detailed analysis of the microbiota revealed a decrease in the Firmicutes/Proteobacteria ratio due to an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria. However, the formulation containing insect exuviae partially counteracted this effect by preserving the beneficial Lactobacillus and promoting the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), particularly butyrate. Chitin-rich components from insect exuviae were associated with improved gut health, which was supported by increased production of SCFA, which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. The study concludes that a combination of PBM and insect/exuviae meal can replace up to 50% of FM in the diet of seabass, supporting sustainable aquaculture practices. Despite some changes in the microbiota, the negative effects are mitigated by the addition of insect exuviae, highlighting their potential as a prebiotic to increase fish productivity and contribute to a circular economy in aquaculture.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0222.v1

Effects of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride with a Combination of Vitamin D3 on Feedlot Lambs: Growth Performance, Dietary Energetics, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality.

Karla H. Leyva-Medina, Horacio Dávila-Ramos, Jesús J. Portillo-Loera, Omar S. Acuña-Meléndez, Adriana Cervantes-Noriega, Jaime N. Sánchez-Pérez, Gamaliel Molina-Gámez, Javier G. Rodríguez-Carpena, Mario A. Mejía-Delgadillo, Juan C. Robles-Estrada

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: β -agonist; vitamin D; ruminant; growth performance; carcass traits; meat quality

Online: 5 March 2024 (06:46:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0234.v1

Comparison of Intra-operative Analgesia and Peri-Operative Behaviour and Gastrointestinal Motility in Rabbits Receiving a Brachial Plexus Block or Lidocaine Constant Rate Infusion for Orthopaedic Surgery

Sophie Alexandra Mead, Matthew Allen, Sara Hassouna Elsayad, Claudia Gittel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: locoregional anaesthesia; multimodal analgesia; faecal output; nerve stimulator; pain score; activity; behaviour; video processing

Online: 5 March 2024 (05:58:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0065.v1

Effect of Lighting Methods on the Production, Behavior and Meat Quality Parameters of Broiler Chickens

Tibor István Pap, Rubina Tünde Szabó, Ákos Bodnár, Ferenc Pajor, István Egerszegi, Béla Podmaniczky, Marcell Pacz, Dávid Mezőszentgyörgyi, Mária Kovács-Weber

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: lighting; LED; chicken behavior; animal welfare; production; meat quality

Online: 1 March 2024 (18:20:20 CET)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0032.v1

The Utilization of the SaLux19 -Based LAMP Assay for the Rapid and Sensitive Identification of Minute Amounts of Biological Material

Ema Ruszova, Daniel Vanek, Walter Stühmer, Ziad Khaznadar, Nidhi Subhashini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Species identification; LAMP; Point-of-Care Testing; SaLux19; Sus scrofa (pig)

Online: 1 March 2024 (11:25:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1737.v1

Diet and Feeding Behavior of the South Polar Skuas Stercorarius maccormicki Haswell Islands, East Antarctica

Sergey Vladimirovich Golubev

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: predator; pellets; regurgitates; stomach; feces; macroplastic; рrey remains; scavenging; 37 kleptoparasitism

Online: 29 February 2024 (14:44:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1654.v1

Epidemiological investigation of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Bahrain

Ahmad Al-Majali, Atiqur Rahman, Shereen Adel Al Kazaz, Zainab Abdulhussain Mohammed, Mohammed Hamdy Mohammed, Hassan Jawad Al Hashim, Kareem Salman, Ali Hussain Makki, Fajur Sabah Al Saloom, Abbas Abdulla Al Haiki, Markos Tibbo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Small ruminants; Peste des Petits Ruminants; Epidemiology; Bahrain

Online: 28 February 2024 (15:57:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1620.v1

Angiogenesis and Apoptosis: Data Comparison of Similar Microenvironments in the Corpus Luteum and Tumor for Approaching the Novel Research Animal Model

Taehee Min, Sang-Hee Lee, Seunghyung Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: ovary; corpus luteum; tumor; angiogenesis; apoptosis

Online: 28 February 2024 (09:50:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1503.v1

Antimicrobial Activities of α-Helix and β-Sheet Peptides against the Major Bovine Respiratory Disease Agent, Mannheimia haemolytica

Ruina Bao, Zhi Ma, Kim Stanford, Tim A McAllister, Yan D. Niu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: bovine respiratory disease, antimicrobial peptide, Mannheimia haemolytica, antibacterial activity

Online: 26 February 2024 (23:52:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1393.v1

In vitro gas Production of Common Southeast Asian Grasses in Response to Variable Regrowth Periods in Vietnam

Huyen Thi Duong Nguyen, Jan Thomas Schonewille, Wilbert Frans Pellikaan, Trach Xuan Nguyen, Wouter Hendrikus Hendriks

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: tropical grasses; ruminants; nutritive values; in vitro gas production; methane production; volatile fatty acids

Online: 23 February 2024 (17:06:16 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1172.v1

Use of a Custom-Made Patellar Groove Replacement in an American Staffordshire Terrier Puppy with a Severe Bone Defect in the Femoral Trochlea Caused by Hematogenous Osteomyelitis

Enrico Panichi, Sara Sassaroli, Giorgio Maria Ciccarese, Valentina Riccio, Caterina Balestriere, Marco Barbaccia, Fulvio Cappellari, Ekaterina Burkhan, Angela Palumbo Piccionello

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: osteomyelitis; custom-made patellar groove replacement; femoral trochlea; 3D-printing; patellar luxation; stifle joint; dog

Online: 20 February 2024 (22:12:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1092.v1

Characteristics of Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi in the Dog Population

Zuzanna Czekaj, Malgorzata Dorota Klimowicz-Bodys, Magdalena Karwanska, Magdalena Siedlecka, Krzysztof Rypula

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Capnocytophaga canimorsus; Capnocytophaga cynodegmi; Capnocytophaga spp.; dog; molecular diagnostic

Online: 20 February 2024 (08:51:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1048.v1

Identification of Functional Genetic Variants in B4GALNT2 Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits in Goat

Liang Xu, Zitong Chen, Shuheng Chen, Yu Chen, Jiazhong Guo, Tao Zhong, Linjie Wang, Siyuan Zhan, Li Li, Hongping Zhang, Jiaxue Cao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: B4GALNT2; SNP; Association analysis; Goat; Growth traits

Online: 19 February 2024 (13:27:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0931.v1

Hoof Capability of Barefoot-Kept Horses and Ponies Walking over Artificial Environments: An Anatomical and Radiological Study

Sarah Albanozzo, Louis Borg, Liberato Camilleri, Robert M Bowker

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: radiographs; horses; ponies; barefoot hooves; sole depth; forage

Online: 19 February 2024 (10:16:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0846.v1

Effects of Butterfly Pea Extracts on Phagocytic Activity of Blood Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Muscular Lipid Peroxidation in Rabbits

Attawit Kovitvadhi, Laura Gasco, Ivo Zoccarato, Theera Rukkwamsuk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: antioxidant; Clitoria ternatea; digestibility; lipid peroxidation; phagocytosis

Online: 15 February 2024 (12:30:36 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0794.v1

Epidemiology of Dewclaw Dermatitis in Beef Cattle in the Amazon Biome

José Diomedes Barbosa, Janayna Barroso Dos Santos, Hanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira, Tatiane Teles Albernaz Ferreira, José Alcides Sarmento Da Silveira, Camila Cordeiro Barbosa, Marilene Farias Brito, Natalia da Silva e Silva Da Silveira, Carlos Magno Chaves Oliveira, Henrique dos Anjos Bomjardim, Felipe Masiero Salvarani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Production systems; Cattle breeding; Amazon.; Foot disorders

Online: 14 February 2024 (10:34:13 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0777.v1

“One Health” Goal: Novel Preliminary Study on Putative Pig Immuno-Genetic Resistance to Toxoplasma gondii and Serological Survey in Central Italy Regions

Martina Torricelli, Anna Fratto, Silva Costarelli, Hovirag Lancioni, Alessandra Torina, Carmen Panzieri, Carla Sebastiani, Marcella Ciullo, Deborah Cruciani, Silvia Crotti, Piera Mazzone, Massimo Biagetti

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii; pig genetic resistance; interleukin-18 gene; immunity pathway; serological sur-vey; pork meat safety; alternative prevention measures; novel investigation; One Health

Online: 14 February 2024 (05:35:06 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0581.v1

Detection of Booroola Polymorphism of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor 1b and Embrapa Polymorphism of Growth Differentiation Factor 9 in Sheep in Thailand

Poothana Sae-Foo, Supawit Triwutanon, Theera Rukkwamsuk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: bone morphogenetic protein receptor-1B (BMPR1B); fecundity (Fec); growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9); polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP); sheep

Online: 9 February 2024 (19:15:18 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0553.v1

The Value of Evidence Synthesis in Animal Sciences: A Discussion and Call to Action

Alex Whittaker, Edoardo Aromataris Aromataris, Rachel Ankeny, Lisbeth Rem Jessen, Karolina Scahill, Marnie Brennan, Kapil Chousalkar, Zachary Munn, Timothy Barker

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: evidence synthesis, agricultural policy, systematic reviews

Online: 9 February 2024 (11:22:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0534.v1

Dietary Zn Deficiency Inhibits the Cell Proliferation Possibly via GPR39-Mediated Suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in the Jejunum of Broilers

Yangyang Hu, Ke Yang, Weiyun Zhang, Mengxiao Xue, Tingting Li, Shengchen Wang, Xiaoyan Cui, Liyang Zhang, Yun Hu, Xugang Luo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Dietary Zn deficiency; Broiler; Jejunum; Cell proliferation; Signaling pathway

Online: 8 February 2024 (16:11:44 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1551.v2

Discrepancies between Genetic and Visual Coat Color Assignment in Sarcidano Horse

Maria Consuelo Mura, Vincenzo Carcangiu, Giovanni Cosso, Nicolò Columbano, Eraldo Sanna Passino, Sebastiano Luridiana

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: ; basic coat color definition; offspring’ s coat color prediction; phenotypic distribution; Sarcidano Horse pigmentation ;

Online: 7 February 2024 (08:01:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0375.v1

An Integrated Framework with ADD-LSTM and DeepLabCut for Dolphin Behavior Classification

Shih-Pang Tseng, Shao-En Hsu, Jhing-Fa Wang, I-Fan Jen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: pose estimation; dolphin behavior analysis; LSTM; neural network; image recognition

Online: 6 February 2024 (15:12:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0353.v1

Salmonella typhimurium Alteration of Small Intestine Metabolism Early after Infection Is Linked to Microbiome Changes

Carmen Entrenas-García, Héctor Argüello, Mónica Calderón-Santiago, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Sara Zaldívar-López, Juan J. Garrido

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: gut; untargeted metabolomics; metagenomics; microbiota; swine; zoonosis; salmonellosis

Online: 6 February 2024 (09:24:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0334.v1

Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes Affecting Response to Heat Stress with Newcastle Virus Infection in Commercial Layers Chicks Using Chicken 600K SNP Array

Ying Wang, Perot Saelao, Ganrea Chanthavixay, Rodrigo A. Gallardo, Anna Wolc, Janet E. Fulton, Jack C. Dekkers, Susan J. Lamont, Terra R. Kelly, Huaijun Zhou

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Heat stress; GWAS; NDV; chicken; QTL

Online: 6 February 2024 (05:22:03 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0294.v1

Genomic Evolution and Selective Pressure Analysis of a Novel Porcine Sapovirus in Shanghai, China

Jie Tao, Benqiang Li, Ying Shi, Jinghua Cheng, Pan Tang, Jiajie Jiao, Huili Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Megagenomic sequencing; porcine sapovirus; genomic evolution; recombination; selective pressure

Online: 5 February 2024 (13:49:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0209.v1

Management of Donkeys in Assisted Interventions: a Snapshot

Lucia Sobrero, Emanuela Dalla Costa, Michela Minero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: animal welfare; donkey welfare; animal-assisted interventions; donkey-assisted interventions

Online: 5 February 2024 (03:45:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0183.v1

Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo after Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus.

Elisabetta Di Felice, Chiara Pinoni, Emanuela Rossi, Giorgia Amatori, Elisa Mancuso, Federica Iapaolo, Angela Taraschi, Giovanni Di Teodoro, Guido Di Donato, Gaetano Federico Ronchi, Maria Teresa Mercante, Mauro Di Ventura, Daniela Morelli, Federica Monaco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Lumpy skin disease; buffalo; ELISA; real time PCR; SN test

Online: 4 February 2024 (17:12:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0156.v1

Multi-drug Resistant Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli in a Dairy Herd: Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

Martina Penati, Laura Musa, Laura Filippone Pavesi, Alessandro Guaraglia, Fernando Ulloa, Paolo Moroni, Renata Piccinini, M. Filippa Addis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; biosecurity; dairy calves; ESBL E. coli; multi-drug resistant; waste milk

Online: 2 February 2024 (14:20:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0048.v1

A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Models for Listeria monocytogenes in Seafood

Ursula Gonzales-Barron, Vasco Cadavez, Juliana De Oliveira Mota, Laurent Guillier, Moez Sanaa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: systematic review; exposure assessment; simulation; fish; smoked salmon; listeriosis

Online: 1 February 2024 (13:54:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2188.v1

Feeding Value of Lupins, Field Peas, Faba Beans and Chickpeas for Poultry: An Overview

Laura David, Catootjie L. Nalle, Muhammed Reza Abdollahi, Velmurugu Ravindran

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: antinutrients; feeding value; feed processing; grain legumes.

Online: 31 January 2024 (08:12:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2163.v1

An Exploratory Bio-Informatic Investigation of Cats’ Susceptibility to Coronavirus-Deriving Epitopes

Michela Buonocore, Davide De Biase, Domenico Sorrentino, Antonio Giordano, Orlando Paciello, Anna Maria D’Ursi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Coronavirus; MHC; peptides; immunity system

Online: 31 January 2024 (07:14:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1386.v2

Enterococci from Food-producing Animals at a Slaughterhouse: Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Diversity in Turkey

Tugba Cebeci

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; carcass; Enterococcus spp.; MALDI-TOF MS; slaughterhouse

Online: 30 January 2024 (04:03:53 CET)

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Enterococci are widely acknowledged as prominent pathogens in hospitals, with the potential to transfer resistance genes, virulence factors, or other characteristics that increase their ability to survive in humans. Healthy cattle, sheep, and goats can be reservoirs for gastrointestinal pathogenic fecal enterococci, some of which could be multidrug-resistant to antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of Enterococcus species in healthy sheep, goat, and cattle carcasses, as well as to analyze the antimicrobial resistance phenotype/genotype and the virulence gene content. During 2019–2020, carcass surface samples of 150 ruminants were collected in a slaughterhouse. A total of 90 enterococci, comprising 5 species, were obtained. The overall prevalence of enterococci was found to be 60%, out of which 37.7% were identified as E. hirae, 33.3% as E. casseliflavus, 15.5% as E. faecium, 12.2% as E. faecalis, and 1.1% as E. gallinarum. Virulence-associated genes of efaA (12.2%) were commonly observed in the Enterococcus isolates, followed by gelE (3.3%), asaI (3.3%), and ace (2.2%). Characteristic resistance genes were identified by PCR with an incidence of 6.6%, 2.2%, 1.1%, 1.1%, 1.1%, and 1.1% for the tetM, ermB, ermA, aac(6’)Ie-aph(2")-la VanC1, and VanC2 genes, respectively. The high resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin (28.8%), tetracycline (21.1%), ampisilin (20%), and rifampin (15.5%) was distributed among two, four, four, and five of the five species, respectively. The resistance of Enterococcus isolates to 11 antibiotic groups was determined and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains occupied 18.8% of the Enterococcus isolates. Efflux pump genes causing multidrug resistance were detected in Enterococcus isolates (34.4%). The study's results showed that there were enterococci in the slaughterhouse that were multidrug resistant (MDR) and had a number of genes linked to virulence that could be harmful to human health.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2032.v1

Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Dairy Farm Management - Biometric Facial Recognition for Cows

Shubhangi Mahato, Suresh Neethirajan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Dairy Welfare; Digital Livestock Farming; Dairy Cow Biometrics; Facial Recognition Technology; Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture; Digital Agriculture Innovation; Precision Dairy Farming; AI-Driven Livestock Management; Animal Identification Technology; Sustainable Dairy Practices

Online: 29 January 2024 (13:05:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1868.v1

First Results on the Presence of Mycotoxins in the Liver of Pregnant Fallow Deer (Dama dama) Hinds and Foetuses

István Lakatos, Bianka Babarczi, Zsófia Molnár, Arnold Tóth, Gabriella Skoda, Győző F. Horváth, Adrienn Horváth, Dániel Tóth, Farkas Sükösd, László Szemethy, Zsuzsanna Szőke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Zearalenone; Aflatoxin; DON; T2-toxin; FumonisinB1; fallow deer; hind; foetus

Online: 26 January 2024 (10:57:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1712.v1

The Genome Assembly and Annotation of the White‐ Lipped Tree Pit Viper Trimeresurus albolabris

xiaotong niu, Yakui LV, Jin Chen, Yueheng Feng, Yilin Cui, Haorong Lu, Hui Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: genetics and genomics; evolutionary biology; zoology

Online: 23 January 2024 (18:54:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1619.v1

“Have You Seen This Drivel?” A Comparison of How Common Health Issues Are Discussed within Brachycephalic and Non-brachycephalic Dog Breed Groups on Social Media

Kitty Phillips, Carrie Stewart, Taryn Johnston, Daniel S. Mills

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Animal welfare; Brachycephalic; Pet ownership; Owner perception; Health; Health information; Social support; Social media

Online: 23 January 2024 (09:29:02 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1467.v1

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea: Insights and Progress on Vaccines

Jung-Eun Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Porcine epidemic diarrhea; coronavirus vaccine

Online: 19 January 2024 (06:13:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1428.v1

Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis of Vulva and Vagina Explores the Regulation of Long Intergenic Non-coding RNAs and Alternative Polyadenylation in Estrus Expression of Gilts

Mingzheng Liu, Jiahao Chen, Chunlei Zhang, Shuhan Liu, Xiaohuan Chao, Huan Yang, Asim Muhammad, Bo Zhou, Weiping Ao, Allan P. Schinckel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Alternative Polyadenylation; Estrus; LncRNA; Pigs

Online: 19 January 2024 (04:43:26 CET)

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The fertility rate and litter size of female pigs are critically affected by the expression of estrus. The objective of this study was to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of estrus expression by analyzing the differential expression of genes and long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNA), as well as the utilization of alternative polyadenylation (APA) sites, in the vulva and vagina during the estrus and diestrus stages of Large White and indigenous Chinese Mi gilts. Our study revealed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the vulva was less than that in the vagina, and the DEGs in the vulva were enriched in pathways such as “neural” pathways and steroid hormone responses, including the “Calcium signaling pathway” and “Oxytocin signaling pathway”. The DEGs in the vagina were enriched in the “Metabolic pathways” and “VEGF signaling pathway”. Furthermore, 27 and 21 differentially expressed lincRNAs (DEL), whose target genes were enriched in the “Endocrine resistance” pathway, were identified in the vulva and vagina, respectively. Additionally, we observed that 63 and 618 transcripts of the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) were lengthened during estrus in the vulva and vagina, respectively. Interestingly, the genes undergoing APA events in the vulva exhibited species-specific enrichment in neural or steroid-related pathways, whereas those in the vagina were enriched in apoptosis or autophagy-related pathways. Further bioinformatic analysis of these lengthened 3'-UTRs revealed the presence of multiple miRNAs binding sites and cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) regulatory elements. In particular, we identified more than 10 CPEs in the validated lengthened 3'-UTRs of the NFIX, PCNX4, CEP162 and ABHD2 genes using RT-qPCR. These findings demonstrated the involvement of APA and lincRNAs in the regulation of estrus expression in female pigs, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying estrus expression in pigs.

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1385.v1

Canine Leishmaniasis in a Recent Endemic Region in Southern Brazil

Aline Padilha de Fraga, Vinicius Proença da Silveira, Patrícia de Freitas Salla, Fernanda Gass de Oliveira Goulart, André Felipe Streck, Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira, Lauren Santos De Mello, André Salvador Kazantzi Fonseca, Nilo Ikuta, Vagner Ricardo Lunge

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Leishmania infantum; dogs; parasites

Online: 18 January 2024 (14:02:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1367.v1

The Relieving Effect of Fermented Pineapple Residue on Heat Stress in Beef Cattle

Jintao Feng, Li Yaokun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Beef cattle; Heat stress; Fermented pineapple pomace; Rectal temperature; Serum biochemical indicators; Oxidative stress indicators; immune indexes

Online: 18 January 2024 (10:29:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1381.v1

Comparison of In-Vitro Bacterial Susceptibility to Common and Novel Equine Wound Care Dressings

Merrill Simpson, Dean Hendrickson, Doreene Hyatt, Sangeeta Rao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Wound dressing; Bacterial susceptibility; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC); Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC); Manuka honey; hypertonic saline; Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB); Silver SulfadiazineAbbreviationsPHMB - Polyhexamethylene biguanideMIC- Minimum inhibitory concentrationMBC- Minimum bactericidal concentrationSSC- Silver sulfadiazine creamCFU- Colony forming unitsATCC- American Type Culture Collectio

Online: 18 January 2024 (10:04:04 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1364.v1

Two Centuries of Velvet Worm Research: A Brief Illustrated History of Onychophorology

Julian Monge-Najera

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: History of science; Scientific Biography; Historical Research; Onychophorology; Velvet Worms; Scientific Legacy.

Online: 18 January 2024 (04:46:55 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1349.v1

Dietary Supplementation of Tannins: Effect on Growth Performance, Serum Antioxidant Capacity, and Immunoglobins of Weaned Piglets—A Meta-Analysis

Emmanuel Nuamah, Junior Isaac Celestin Poaty Ditengou, Fabrice Hirwa, Inhyeok Cheon, Byungho Chae, And Nag-Jin Choi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: tannins; weaned piglets; antibiotics; antioxidants; immunity; performance; early-life nutrition; meta-analysis

Online: 17 January 2024 (18:58:52 CET)

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Over recent years, the swine industry has witnessed the withdrawal of antibiotics and continuous regulation of zinc and copper oxides in the early-life nutrition of piglets. Due to this development, alternative ingredients or additives from plant sources have been tremendously explored. Therefore, this study's objective was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with tannins on weaned piglets’ growth performance, serum antioxidant capacity, and immune status using a meta-analysis approach. With only the inclusion of non-challenged weaned piglets, a total of 16 studies with parameters of interest were deemed eligible after a two-step screening process following a comprehensive literature search in the scientific databases of Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Two main categories of data, including the study’s characteristics and response variables (growth performance, serum antioxidant, and immune indices), were extracted. Applying the random-effects models, Hedges’ g effect size of supplementation with tannins was calculated using the R software to determine the standardized mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval. Sub-group analysis and meta-regression further explored heterogeneity (PSMD 0.05, I2 50%, n ≥10). Supplementation with tannin reduced average daily gain (p = 0.20) and feed conversion ratio (p 0.01); however, it increased average daily feed intake (p = 0.07) and final body weight (p 0.01). Meta-regression models indicated that tannin dosage and supplementation duration were directly associated with tannins' effectiveness on productive performance. In the serum, the concentration of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity were elevated (p 0.01) in response to tannins supplementation, while malondialdehydes was reduced (p 0.01). Likewise, decreased immunoglobin A (p = 0.47) and increased immunoglobin M and G levels (p 0.01) were detected. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with tannins, particularly with chestnut and grape seed proanthocyanidins, increases the productivity of weaned piglets. At the same time, it is a possible nutritional strategy to mitigate oxidative stress and stimulate gut health. Thus, supplementing chestnut and grape seed proanthocyanidin tannins in the early phase of swine production could be used to alleviate the incidence of diarrhea.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1253.v1

Development of Glycyrrhizinic Acid-Based Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP-GA) as an Adjuvant That Improves the Immune Response to Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Spike Recombinant Protein

José Bryan García-Cambrón, José Luis Cerriteño-Sánchez, Rocío Lara-Romero, David Quintanar-Guerrero, Gerardo Blancas-Flores, Brenda L. Sánchez-Gaytán, Irma Herrera-Camacho, Julieta Sandra Cuevas-Romero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; lipid nanoparticle; recombinant protein; immune response

Online: 17 January 2024 (11:11:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1273.v1

Plasma γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Concentrations in Lactating Holstein Cows during Thermoneutral and Heat Stress Conditions and Related Implications for Production and Fertility

Alicia G. Arneson, Jacob W. Stewart, MaryKate H. Byrd, George A. Perry, Michelle L Rhoads

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: γ -aminobutyric acid; dairy cow; heat stress; insulin; glucose; progesterone; milk production

Online: 17 January 2024 (06:23:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1236.v1

Phytase and Xylanase Supplementation Improves Phosphorus Digestibility in Laying Hens

Harriet Walker, Katarina Bauer, Dejan Cvejić, Jason Devoy Keegan, Jules Taylor-Pickard, Colm A. Moran

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Layer hen; xylanase; phytase; phosphorus retention; ileal digestibility; gross energy digestibility

Online: 16 January 2024 (12:23:19 CET)

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Phosphorus is required by laying hens for a variety of biological functions. It is usually provided in excess, in a readily digestible inorganic form in diet formulations. However, this does not represent an efficient use of a finite resource and can result in water pollution. Plant bound phosphorus in phytate, is common in commercial poultry diets, and represents an alternate source of phosphorus, however poultry lacks the enzyme to digest it. By adding enzymes to their diets, the availability of this phytate-bound phosphorus can be increased allowing for the reduced inclusion of inorganic P in the diet formulation. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effect of a natural enzyme complex that contains phytase and xylanase in layer diets. Novogen Brown Classic layers (n=314) were fed one of two diets: (T1) control diet or (T2) control diet plus a natural mixed-enzyme product with both, phytase and xylanase. Experimental diets were provided for 12 days after which the excreta from each pen were collected for an additional three days to determine total retention and ileal digestibility of phosphorus and gross energy. At the end of the trial the birds were euthanized, and their ileal contents were collected. Productivity parameters were also recorded over the course of the study. The amount of phosphorus detected in the excreta of the control group was significantly higher than the amount detected in the enzyme-supplemented group (P<0.05). Both phosphorus retention and phosphorus ileal digestibility were significantly higher in the enzyme-supplemented birds (P<0.001). Gross energy digestibility was significantly higher in the enzyme-supplemented birds for both the total tract and ileal samples (P<0.001). There were only numerical improvements, not significant, in the layer productivity parameters. This study showed that the enzyme supplement can improve total retention and ileal digestibility of phosphorus and gross energy in older layers.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1117.v1

Improving Genomic Predictions in Multi-Breed Cattle Populations: A Comparative Analysis of BayesR and GBLUP Models

Haoran Ma, Hongwei Li, Fei Ge, Huqiong Zhao, Bo Zhu, Lupei Zhang, Huijiang Gao, Lingyang Xu, Junya Li, Zezhao Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: genomic prediction; multi-breed prediction; weighted G-matrix; BayesR; prediction accuracy

Online: 15 January 2024 (10:42:03 CET)

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Abstract Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that the amalgamation of populations belonging to the same breed or closely related breeds leads to enhanced accuracies in genomic predictions (GP). Extensive experimentation with diverse Bayesian and Genome-enabled best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) models has been conducted to explore multi-breed genomic selection (GS) in livestock, ultimately establishing they as successful approaches for predicting genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV). This study aimed to examine the efficacy of BayesR and GBLUP model with different weighted genomic relationship matrices (GRM) in making genomic predictions for three distinct beef cattle breeds. Subsequently, we conducted a comparative analysis of the predictive accuracy pertaining to various marker densities and genetic correlations across three distinct beef cattle breeds. This investigation aimed to identify the optimal approach for enhancing the predictive accuracy of multi-breed genomic selection in beef cattle. Results：Genetic relationship matrices revealed moderate similarities between YL and the other breeds, with a striking genetic similarity of 0.87 between WG and HX. In HX cattle, BayesR demonstrated an enhancement in prediction accuracy, achieving 0.52 with HD and 0.46 with WGS, a marked improvement over 0.41 with HD and 0.42 with WGS in GBLUP. In WG and YL breeds, both methods showed comparable accuracies with HD, but BayesR slightly outperformed GBLUP with WGS. Further, multi-breed GS analysis indicated that BayesR consistently surpassed GBLUP in prediction accuracy, particularly with WGS data. For instance, in a combined HX and WG reference population, BayesR achieved a superior accuracy of 0.53 with WGS in HX cattle, a significant enhancement over GBLUP models. The study also underscores the advantage of incorporating multiple breeds in the reference population, which improved prediction accuracy, underscoring the value of broad-based genomic selection strategies. Conclusion: The results show that accuracy of multi-breed genomic predictions was higher with BayesR than with GBLUP, especially for the distantly genetic relationship between reference and validation breeds. Further improvements of multi-breed accuracy of genomic predictions could be achieved by increasing the density of the SNP marker. These findings underscore that BayesR providing a substantial improvement in genomic prediction and the importance of considering genetic relationships in the development of GS strategies for multi-breed cattle populations. Further research is warranted to optimize GRM construction and to explore alternative models for genomic prediction across breeds.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0955.v1

Impact of Chlorella vulgaris Bioremediation and Selenium on Genotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative/Antioxidant Imbalance Induced by Polystyrene Nanoplastics in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Shimaa A. Abdelbaky, Zakaria M. Zaky, Doha Yahia, Mohamed H. Kotob, Mohammed A. Ali, Mohammed Aufy, Alaa El-Din H. Sayed

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Polystyrene nanoplastics; Oxidative stress; Single cell gel electrophoresis; Selenium; Chlorella vulgaris

Online: 12 January 2024 (10:41:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0993.v1

The Cow Gutbiome CY Study: Investigating the Composition of the Cattle Gut microBIOME in Health and Infectious Disease Transmission in CYprus

Daphne E Mavrides, Maria Liapi, Despo Ierodiakonou, Christodoulos Pipis, Stavros Malas, Eleni Gentekaki, Anastasios D. Tsaousis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; biobank; cattle; Cyprus; gut health; microbiome

Online: 12 January 2024 (07:10:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0983.v1

Investigation of the Oncolytic Properties of Newcastle Disease Virus on Feline Lymphoma Cells

Talita Gabriela Luna Alves, Pedro Luiz Porfirio Xavier, Taismara Kustro Garnica, Arina Lázaro Rochetti, Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini, Felipe Haddad, Muhammad Munir, Márcio Antonio Brunetto, Heidge Fukumasu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: cat; virotherapy; oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus; new therapies; cancer; lentogenic; in vitro; immunotherapy

Online: 12 January 2024 (07:03:45 CET)

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Biology and Life Sciences