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Climate Variability at Breeding and Non-breeding Grounds Have Stronger Carry-Over Effects on Spring Migration the European Wren Troglodytes troglodytes at the Baltic Coast than Spring Conditions
Gołębiewski, I.; Remisiewicz, M. Carry-Over Effects of Climate Variability at Breeding and Non-Breeding Grounds on Spring Migration in the European Wren Troglodytes troglodytes at the Baltic Coast. Animals2023, 13, 2015.
Gołębiewski, I.; Remisiewicz, M. Carry-Over Effects of Climate Variability at Breeding and Non-Breeding Grounds on Spring Migration in the European Wren Troglodytes troglodytes at the Baltic Coast. Animals 2023, 13, 2015.
Gołębiewski, I.; Remisiewicz, M. Carry-Over Effects of Climate Variability at Breeding and Non-Breeding Grounds on Spring Migration in the European Wren Troglodytes troglodytes at the Baltic Coast. Animals2023, 13, 2015.
Gołębiewski, I.; Remisiewicz, M. Carry-Over Effects of Climate Variability at Breeding and Non-Breeding Grounds on Spring Migration in the European Wren Troglodytes troglodytes at the Baltic Coast. Animals 2023, 13, 2015.
Abstract
Many studies link changes in avian phenology in Europe to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), as a proxy of conditions at western Europe. But effects of climate variation in other regions of Eu-rope on phenology of short-distance migrants with wide non-breeding grounds remain unclear. We determined the combined influence of large-scale climate indices, NAO, the Mediterranean Oscillation Index (MOI), and the Scandinavian Pattern (SCAND), during the preceding year on spring migration timing of European Wren at the southern Baltic coast during 1982–2021. We modelled the effects of these climate variables on the entire passage and subsequent percentiles of Wren’s passage at Bukowo-Kopań and Hel ringing stations. The start and median of migration shifted earlier at Hel, but the end of passage shifted later at both stations over 1982–2021. In the effect, the duration of passage at Hel extended by 7.6 days. Early passage at Hel was related with high MOI1 in spring and in preceding autumn. Spring passage at Bukowo-Kopań was late after high NAO in the previous breeding season, and high winter and spring NAO. At both stations late spring passage occurred after high SCAND in previous summer. Early beginning or median of passage at our stations followed high local temperatures. We conclude that phenology of Wren’s spring migration at the Baltic coast was shaped by conditions that different populations encounter at wintering quarters in western Europe, where NAO operates, and in the south-eastern Europe, where the MOI1 operates, in combination with conditions in Scandinavia during previous breed-ing season. We showed that climate variability in different parts of the migrants’ range has com-bined carry-over effects on in migrant’s phenology in Europe.
Keywords
climate change; spring phenology; short–distance migrants; European Wren; Troglodytes troglodytes; MOI; NAO; SCAND
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
