Bell's Theorem Begs the Question

Joy Christian

doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v8

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preprints.org > physical sciences > general & theoretical physics > doi: 10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v8

Preprint Article Version 8 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Bell's Theorem Begs the Question

Joy Christian

Version 1 : Received: 2 January 2023 / Approved: 3 January 2023 / Online: 3 January 2023 (08:52:26 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 4 January 2023 / Approved: 5 January 2023 / Online: 5 January 2023 (02:41:00 CET)
Version 3 : Received: 5 January 2023 / Approved: 6 January 2023 / Online: 6 January 2023 (02:16:05 CET)
Version 4 : Received: 16 January 2023 / Approved: 16 January 2023 / Online: 16 January 2023 (07:28:20 CET)
Version 5 : Received: 19 January 2023 / Approved: 20 January 2023 / Online: 20 January 2023 (02:03:44 CET)
Version 6 : Received: 23 January 2023 / Approved: 24 January 2023 / Online: 24 January 2023 (13:15:45 CET)
Version 7 : Received: 1 February 2023 / Approved: 1 February 2023 / Online: 1 February 2023 (07:17:00 CET)
Version 8 : Received: 7 February 2023 / Approved: 8 February 2023 / Online: 8 February 2023 (01:52:13 CET)

How to cite: Christian, J. Bell's Theorem Begs the Question. Preprints 2023, 2023010023. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v8. Christian, J. Bell's Theorem Begs the Question. Preprints 2023, 2023010023. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v8.

Cite as:

Christian, J. Bell's Theorem Begs the Question. Preprints 2023, 2023010023. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v8. Christian, J. Bell's Theorem Begs the Question. Preprints 2023, 2023010023. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v8.

Abstract

I demonstrate that Bell's theorem is based on circular reasoning and thus a fundamentally flawed argument. It unjustifiably assumes the additivity of expectation values for dispersion-free states of contextual hidden variable theories for non-commuting observables involved in Bell-test experiments, which is tautologous to assuming the bounds of ±2 on the Bell-CHSH sum of expectation values. Its premises thus assume in a different guise the bounds of ±2 it sets out to prove. Consequently, what is ruled out by the Bell-test experiments is not local realism but the additivity of expectation values, which does not hold for non-commuting observables in any hidden variable theories to begin with.

Keywords

Bell’s theorem; local realism; Bell-CHSH inequalities; quantum correlations; Bell-test experimentsexperiments

Subject

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, General & Theoretical Physics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comments (1)

Comment 1

Received: 8 February 2023
Commenter: Joy Christian
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author

Comment: Minor improvements are made and some imperfections are removed.

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