Version 1
: Received: 20 September 2021 / Approved: 20 September 2021 / Online: 20 September 2021 (10:44:08 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 23 December 2021 / Approved: 23 December 2021 / Online: 23 December 2021 (11:27:14 CET)
Version 3
: Received: 31 January 2022 / Approved: 31 January 2022 / Online: 31 January 2022 (11:13:48 CET)
Version 4
: Received: 22 February 2022 / Approved: 22 February 2022 / Online: 22 February 2022 (10:49:25 CET)
Version 5
: Received: 21 March 2022 / Approved: 21 March 2022 / Online: 21 March 2022 (09:00:59 CET)
Version 6
: Received: 11 January 2023 / Approved: 12 January 2023 / Online: 12 January 2023 (13:50:25 CET)
Al-Fadhli, M.B. The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and Its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets. The 2nd Electronic Conference on Universe 2023, doi:10.3390/ecu2023-14026.
Al-Fadhli, M.B. The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and Its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets. The 2nd Electronic Conference on Universe 2023, doi:10.3390/ecu2023-14026.
Al-Fadhli, M.B. The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and Its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets. The 2nd Electronic Conference on Universe 2023, doi:10.3390/ecu2023-14026.
Al-Fadhli, M.B. The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and Its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets. The 2nd Electronic Conference on Universe 2023, doi:10.3390/ecu2023-14026.
Abstract
The recent observation of the G2 gas cloud orbit around the galactic centre has challenged the model of a mere supermassive black hole that should have destroyed it. In addition, the Planck Legacy 2018 (PL18) release has preferred a positively curved early Universe with a confidence level exceeding 99%. In this study, the formation of a galaxy from the collapse of a supermassive gas cloud in the early Universe is modelled based on extended field equations as a 4D relativistic cloud-world that flows and spins through a 4D conformal bulk of an initial positive curvature considering the preference of the PL18 release. Owning to the curved background, this scenario of galaxy formation reveals that the core of the galaxy undergoes a forced vortex formation with a central event horizon leading to opposite vortices (traversable wormholes) that are spatially shrinking through evolving in the conformal time. It indicates that the galaxy and its core are formed at the same process where the surrounding gas clouds form the spiral arms due to the frame-dragging induced by the fast-rotating core. Further, the bulk conformal curvature evolution demonstrates the fast orbital speed of outer stars owing to external fields exerted on galaxies as they travel through conformally curved space-time. Accordingly, the G2 gas cloud that only faced the drag effects could be explained if its orbit is around the vortex but at a distance from the central event horizon. These findings could explain the fast orbital speed of outer stars where the galaxy formation and its core simultaneously could explain the formation of the supermassive compact galaxy cores with a mass of ~109M⊙ at just 6% of the current Universe age and thus could resolve the black hole hierarchy problem.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
23 December 2021
Commenter:
Mohammed Al-Fadhli
Commenter's Conflict of Interests:
Author
Comment: Dear Editor,
I hope you are very well
This version introduces a new action concerning the conservation of energy on global (bulk) and local (cloud-world) scales. It also visualizes the evolution of the 4D relativistic cloud-worlds over the conformal space-time of the 4D bulk
Commenter: Mohammed Al-Fadhli
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
I hope you are very well
This version introduces a new action concerning the conservation of energy on global (bulk) and local (cloud-world) scales. It also visualizes the evolution of the 4D relativistic cloud-worlds over the conformal space-time of the 4D bulk
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!
Kind regards,
Mohammed