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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2031.v1

Universe Expanding vs Non-Expanding Interpretation of Friedmann Lemaître Robertson Walker (FLRW) Metric

Juan De Vicente

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: cosmology; luminosity distance; angular distance; expanding universe; static universe; scale factor; Friedmann equations

Online: 25 October 2024 (13:26:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2022.v1

Revisiting the Anisotropy of the Schwarzschild Metric

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: General Relativity; Schwarzschild; Black Holes

Online: 25 October 2024 (10:39:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1994.v1

Galactic Rotation Curve Need Be Improved for the Discovery of Sgr A*

Yin Zhu

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords:

Sgr A*; galactic rotation curve; galaxy bar; orbit of S-stars

Online: 25 October 2024 (07:10:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1755.v1

Temporal Coundrums: Navigating the Gravitational Time of Flow

Ogaeze Onyedikachukwu Francis

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: time; space; gravity; gravitational time flow; temporal Leap; temporal manipulation; multiverse; teleportation; gravitational time flow device; time travel; distance

Online: 24 October 2024 (12:14:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1869.v1

II. Laplace-like Phase Angles to Facilitate Libration Searches in Multiplanetary N-body Simulations

Dimitris M. Christodoulou, Nicholas M. Sorabella, Sayantan Bhattacharya, Silas G. T. Laycock, Demosthenes Kazanas

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: Exoplanet Dynamics; Orbital Resonances; Tidal interaction

Online: 24 October 2024 (10:06:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1806.v1

I. An Exceptional Multiplanetary Resonant Chain in TOI-270 and an Exact Laplace-like Resonance in HD 110067

Dimitris M. Christodoulou, Nicholas M. Sorabella, Sayantan Bhattacharya, Silas G. T. Laycock, Demosthenes Kazanas

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: exoplanet dynamics; orbital resonances; tidal interaction

Online: 24 October 2024 (08:30:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1808.v1

Compartmental Description of the Cosmological Baryonic Matter Cycle. II. Inclusion of Triggered Star Formation

Martin Kröger, Reinhard Schlickeiser

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: galaxies: evolution; stars: formation; ISM: evolution; cosmology: theory; physical processes

Online: 24 October 2024 (07:43:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0082.v7

Information Theory of Gravity

Jeffrey Alloy Abanto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: emergent gravity; MOND; modified newtonian gravity; dark matter

Online: 23 October 2024 (16:57:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1720.v1

The Origin of the Accelerated Expansion of the Universe from a Gravitational Collapse in Higher Dimensions

Iván Escudero

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Accelerated Expansion; Quantum Bounce; Higher-Dimensional Gravitational Collapse

Online: 22 October 2024 (12:29:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1548.v1

The Possible Signs of Accretion from Interstellar Medium in the Atmospheres of G-K-Type Disk and Halo Stars

Alexander Yushchenko, Sergei Andrievsky, Aizat Demessinova, Yeuncheol Jeong, Volodymyr Yushchenko, Dmytry Doikov, Vira Gopka, Kyung Sook Jeong, Nazgul Alimgazinova

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: stars; abundances – stars; circumstellar matter – stars; atmospheres – stars; Population I 16 – stars; Population II – physical data and processes: accretion

Online: 21 October 2024 (12:01:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1570.v1

How A New Type of R_h = ct Cosmological Model Outperforms the Λ-CDM Model in Numerous Categories and Resolves the Hubble Tension

Espen Gaarder Haug, Eugene Terry Tatum

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: R_h = ct cosmology; black hole cosmology; CMB temperature; hubble parameter; hubble tension; Λ -CDM model; cosmic age; early galaxy formation; high-precision cosmology

Online: 21 October 2024 (07:10:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1482.v1

The Variation of G and Λ in Cosmology

Aroonkumar Beesham

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Variable Λ ; Variable G; Conservation of energy momentum

Online: 18 October 2024 (11:27:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0839.v1

Cold Collapse and Bounce of a FLRW Cloud

Swaraj Pradhan, Michael Gabler, Enrique Gaztanaga

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology; theory; inflation; early Universe; dark energy; black hole physics; hydrodynamics

Online: 11 October 2024 (08:21:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0121.v10

The Stretching of Shrunk Space and an Abolute Cosmic Length and an Abolute Cosmic Time

Amrit Ladhani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Big Bang and Big Crunch; Cosmology; Dark Energy; Gravitational Force; The Cyclic Universe

Online: 10 October 2024 (15:18:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2443.v2

The CMB Luminosity Distance and Cosmological Redshifts

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Luminosity distance; angular distance and co-moving distance

Online: 10 October 2024 (08:29:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0368.v1

Black Hole Microstates and Entropy

Swapnil Singh

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Black Hole Entropy; Fuzzball Solutions; Quantum Gravity; Holographic Dualities; Microstate Counting; Hawking Radiation

Online: 7 October 2024 (09:11:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0121.v9

The Big Bang Was Not the Beginning, but a Repeating Pattern of Expansion and Contraction of Spacetime

Amrit Ladhani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Big Bang and Big Crunch; Cosmology; Dark Energy; Gravitational Force; The Cyclic Universe

Online: 2 October 2024 (11:58:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2445.v1

An Objective Classification Scheme for Solar-System Bodies Based on Surface Gravity

Dimitris M. Christodoulou, Silas G. T. Laycock, Demosthenes Kazanas

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: asteroids; gravitation; minor planets; planets and satellites; solar system

Online: 1 October 2024 (08:26:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2443.v1

The CMB Luminosity Distance and Cosmological Redshifts

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Luminosity distance, angular distance and co-moving distance.

Online: 30 September 2024 (17:13:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1697.v2

Closed Form Solution to the Hubble Tension Based on R_h= ct Cosmology for Generalized Cosmological Redshift Scaling of the Form: z = (R_h/R_t)x −1 Tested against the full Distance Ladder of Observed SN Ia Redshift

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hubble tension close dorm; Hubble constant; Cosmological redshift; z; CMB temperatur

Online: 30 September 2024 (13:48:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0121.v8

The Big Bang Was Not the Beginning, but a Repeating Pattern of Expansion and Contraction of Spacetime

Amrit Ladhani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Big Bang and Big Crunch; Cosmology; Dark Energy; Gravitational Force; The Cyclic Universe

Online: 26 September 2024 (09:52:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1697.v1

Closed Form Solution to the Hubble Tension Based on Rh = Ct Cosmology

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hubble tension close dorm; Hubble constant; Cosmological redshift; z; CMB temperature

Online: 23 September 2024 (12:25:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1002.v6

Dark Energy and Dark Matter from Extra Dimensional Symmetry as Different Manifestations of Vacuum Energy

Kabir Umar

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: chirality; dark energy; dark matter; extra dimension; gravity; neutrino; vacuum energy

Online: 23 September 2024 (12:19:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1597.v1

New Tests on Lorentz Invariance Violation Using Energy-Resolved Polarimetry of Gamma-Ray Bursts

Jun-Jie Wei

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: gamma-ray bursts; astroparticle physics; gravitation; quantum gravity

Online: 20 September 2024 (07:10:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1436.v1

Cosmic Entropy Prediction with Extremely High Precision in Rh = ct Cosmology

Espen Haug, Eugene Tatum

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Bekensten-Hawking entropy; black hole entropy; Hubble sphere; CMB temperature

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:09:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1490.v1

Innovative Dynamics: Utilizing Perelman’s Entropy and Ricci Flow for Settler Position Models on Manifolds

Rafik zeraoulia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: stellar dynamics; chaotic systems; Riemannian metrics; Ricci flow; cosmology; black holes; dark energy; differential equations; numerical simulations; gravitational interactions

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:54:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1374.v1

Elucidating the z-dependence of the MOND acceleration (a₀) within the Scale Invariant Vacuum (SIV) paradigm

Vesselin G. Gueorguiev

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology – dark matter – cosmological parameters – cosmology; theory

Online: 19 September 2024 (07:35:18 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1432.v1

Hypothesis: Search for Sources of Systematic Error in Astrometric Measurements of the Cosmological Constant

Michael Overholt

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords:

Lambda-CDM; dark energy; cosmological constant; Hubble Tension

Online: 18 September 2024 (14:59:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1190.v2

Extended Classical Mechanics: Vol-1 - Equivalence Principle, Mass and Gravitational Dynamics

Soumendra Nath Thakur

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Apparent Mass; Dark Energy; Dark Matter; Effective Mass; Equivalence Principle; Extended Classical Mechanics; Gravitating Mass (Gravitational Mass); Gravitational Dynamics; Matter Mass; Negative Mass; Newton’ s Law of Universal Gravitation

Online: 17 September 2024 (06:20:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1190.v1

Extended Classical Mechanics: Vol-1 - Equivalence Principle, Mass and Gravitational Dynamics

Soumendra Nath Thakur

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Apparent Mass; Dark Energy; Dark Matter; Effective Mass; Equivalence Principle; Extended Classical Mechanics; Gravitating Mass (Gravitational Mass); Gravitational Dynamics; Matter Mass; Negative Mass; Newton’ s Law of Universal Gravitation

Online: 16 September 2024 (12:24:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0669.v3

The Fisher-Tully Law Solely with 1915 General Relativity and Dark Energy

Remi Cornwall

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Cosmological Constant; Dark Matter Haloes; Dark Energy; Einstein Field Equations; Fisher-Tully Law; Galactic Rotation Curves; MOND; Quantised Inertia; TeVeS; Virtual Particles

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:22:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1122.v1

Gravitational Lensing Effects from Models of Loop Quantum Gravity with Rigorous Quantum Parameters

Haida Li, Xiangdong Zhang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Loop Quantum Gravity

Online: 15 September 2024 (07:33:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0626.v3

Perturbed FLRW Metric Explains the Difference in Measurements of the Hubble Constant

Wladimir Belayev

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: perturbed FLRW metric; Einstein equations; particle Lagrangian; Hubble tension; gravitational lensing; distance ladder

Online: 13 September 2024 (11:52:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0298.v3

Harmonizing Quantum Gravity with Thermodynamics: Determination of the EUP Parameter by Prigogine’s Law

Giorgio Sonnino

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hawking radiation mechanism; Vacuum fluctuations; Physics of black holes

Online: 12 September 2024 (08:17:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0780.v1

Cosmic Dynamics Unveiled: A Relativistic Approach to Structure Formation and Evolution in a Friedmann Universe

Kennedy Kamuren Konga, Dismas Simiyu Wamalwa, Dickson Mwenda Kinyua, Patrick Njoroge Mwaniki, Daniel Maitethia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Redshift; Light intensity; Number density; Friedmann; Standard Model

Online: 10 September 2024 (09:34:51 CEST)

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The advent of modern satellite technology has transformed observational astronomy and astrophysics, offering unprecedented insights into the large-scale behavior of gravitation and challenging established cosmological models. This technological progress has reinvigorated the study of relativistic cosmology, leading to a critical reassessment of foundational assumptions, particularly the cosmological principle, which posits that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales. While this principle underpins the Standard Cosmological Model and the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metric, emerging data has increasingly been challenging its validity. Central to this investigation are the redshift-distance and light intensity-distance relations, essential for testing cosmological models. The integration of both parametric and nonparametric redshift models provides a more comprehensive analysis, addressing discrepancies in our understanding of the universe's structure and evolution. However, unresolved mysteries, particularly concerning dark matter and dark energy, complicate these models. This research critically examines the cosmological principle using the latest observational data and scrutinizes the Friedmann model's assumptions. The study shows that galaxy formation was most rapid in the early universe, especially within the redshift range of , with notable peaks around at and These two characteristic redshift values, predicted by our standard Friedmann redshift model used in this work, are confirmed by the observational data utilized in this research. The research also highlights that dark matter plays a significantly more critical role than dark energy in the process of galaxy formation. While dark energy primarily affects the large-scale expansion of the universe, dark matter seems to go beyond the domination of local galaxy formation and evolution of cosmic structures. These findings underscore the limitations of current models and contribute to the ongoing refinement of cosmological theories, offering a clearer understanding of the universe’s evolution.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v8

On the Interpretation of Cosmic Acceleration

Enrique Gaztanaga

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology; dark energy; general relativity; black holes

Online: 9 September 2024 (11:22:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0298.v2

Harmonizing Quantum Gravity with Thermodynamics: Determination of the EUP Parameter by Prigogine’s Law

Giorgio Sonnino

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hawking radiation mechanism; Vacuum fluctuations; Physics of black holes

Online: 6 September 2024 (09:41:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0298.v1

Harmonizing Quantum Gravity with Thermodynamics: Determination of the EUP Parameter by Prigogine’s Law

Giorgio Sonnino

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hawking radiation mechanism; Vacuum fluctuations; Physics of black holes

Online: 4 September 2024 (08:29:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2013.v1

On the Ionisation Tolerance of C₂₀ Fullerene in Ground and Excited Electronic States in Planetary Nebulae

SeyedAbdolreza Sadjadi, Quentin Andrew Parker

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: astrochemistry; C₂₀ fullerene; Ionisation; excited state; DFT; planetary nebulae

Online: 28 August 2024 (05:16:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1773.v1

Dirac’s Large Number Hypothesis: An Ongoing Quest for Correlations Between the Infinitesimal and the Infinite

Jonathan H. Jiang, Ethan Liu, Yanbei Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Large Number Hypothesis; Infinitesimal; Infinite; Gravitational Constant; Continuous; Mass Creation; Anthropic Principle; Variability of Constants; Cosmological Parameters; Theoretical Physics; Universe Models; Einstein's Theory of General Relativity; Cosmic Time; Quantum Physics

Online: 26 August 2024 (16:29:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v7

On the Interpretation of Cosmic Acceleration

Enrique Gaztanaga

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology; dark energy; general relativity; black holes

Online: 21 August 2024 (13:38:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1501.v1

Analysis of Habitability and Stellar Habitable Zones from Observed Exoplanets

Jonathan H. Jiang, Philip E Rosen, Christina X Liu, Qianzhuang Wen, Yanbei Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: exoplanet; habitable zone

Online: 21 August 2024 (08:07:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1281.v1

Massive Black Holes

Eran Magshim Lavi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Black hole; Massive black hole; maximum density; Dachus; absolute temperature; 0[K]

Online: 19 August 2024 (12:17:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1138.v1

Compartmental Description of the Cosmological Baryonic Matter Cycle. I. Competition of Spontaneous Star Formation, Stellar Feedback and Stellar Evolution

Reinhard Schlickeiser, Martin Kröger

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: evolution, stars: formation, ISM: evolution, cosmology: theory, physical processes

Online: 15 August 2024 (10:42:42 CEST)

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Context: The compartmental description, well-known from the description of infection diseases and epidemics, is applied to describe the temporal evolution of the baryonic matter in interstellar gas and stars. The introduction of gaseous and stellar fractions of the total baryonic matter as the basic dynamical variables is advantageous because it allows to apply the description to a variety of astrophysical systems. Aims: The competition of spontaneous star formation, stellar feedback and stellar evolution is theoretically investigated to understand the baryonic matter cycle including luminous baryonic matter in main-sequence stars and weakly luminous matter in white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes (referred to as locked-in matter). Of particular interest is the understanding of the cosmic star formation history and the present-day gas fraction with compartmental models. Methods: For stationary rates of spontaneous star formation, continuous stellar feedback and stellar evolution exact analytical solutions of the time evolution of the fractions of gaseous, luminous stellar and locked-in stellar matter are derived. The accuracy of the analytical solutions is proven by the favorite comparison with the exact numerical solutions of the dynamical equations. Results: The observed cosmological star formation rate and the integrated stellar density as a function of redshift are reasonably well explained by the compartmental model without triggered star formation by the competition of spontaneous star formation and stellar evolution whereas the influence of stellar feedback is less important. The action of stellar evolution provides a significant redshift dependent reduction factor when calculating the integrated stellar density from the star formation rate. Without stellar evolution the observations cannot be reproduced very well. Then the fits to the observation allow us conclusions on the relative importance of spontaneous star formation, stellar evolution and feedback in the early universe after the recombination era until today. The gas, luminous star and locked-in stellar matter fractions indicate that the vast majority of the baryons in the present-day universe resides in the form of locked-in stellar matter in white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0413.v1

Variations of spectra of quasars with their velocities in the expanding Universe

Alexander Agafonov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: atomic processes; equation of state; relativistic processes; quasars spectral lines; cosmology

Online: 6 August 2024 (10:13:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0181.v1

Prospects of Quantum Dots for Photodetection in LIGO and Other Interferometric Gravitational Experiments

Adegbite Inioluwa Precious

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: LIGO; Gravitational Waves; Quantum dots; interferometry; photodetectors

Online: 5 August 2024 (05:13:36 CEST)

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Quantum dots are semiconductor Nano-structures with Optical or photoelectric properties and Quantum mechanical properties such as Quantum confinement due to the Nano-scale size of the molecular structure where Quantum mechanical effects are dominant. Because of its Optical properties Quantum dots have found applications in the development of future Solar cells and Photovoltaic detectors. The developments of these Solar cells and detectors are made possible through the use of Spray-coated layering of colloidal solutions containing the quantum dots forming what can be regard as thin quantum dot films, of which the compound thickness of all the layers is in nanometers. These quantum dots are capable of detecting a very wide range of electromagnetic frequencies and even single photon sources with very fast response time overall promising enhanced sensitivity. The features of quantum dots films gives them desirable advantages for detecting minute phase changes in Laser interferometric observatories such as LIGO which was designed and developed to detect gravitational waves coming from distant astrophysical sources. However the detection of low frequency gravitational waves with longer wavelength and those of much lower amplitudes have been rather elusive even with the high sensitivity of LIGO, as its usual Photodetector may not be sensitive to the interferometric phase changes due to gravitational waves of longer wavelengths and low amplitudes. As a potential means of improving phase change detection in LIGO, the use of quantum dots as photodetectors is conceptually proposed exploiting the fast reaction times and its sensitivity to wider range of frequencies. Whether it detects the interferometric phase changes induced by subtle amplitude or low frequency gravitational waves or not, it still promises an improvement to the detection capabilities of LIGO. Other interferometric gravitational experiments can also be performed, such as interferometric detection of Phase difference due to gravitational time dilation, using two laboratory interferometers one of which is positioned at sea level and the other at much higher altitude leading to a difference in gravitational potential. Together with the use of Quantum dot films as Photo-detectors one can detect the small interferometric phase difference between both interferometers due to Gravitational time dilation at different altitudes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0101.v1

Analysis of the Kerr-Newman Diagram. Unravelling the Interior of a Black Hole

Hector Gerardo Flores, Harshit Jain, Premachand Mahapatra, Maria Isabel Gonçalves de Souza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: RLC electrical model; RC electrical model; cosmology; astronomy; astrophysics; background radiation; Hubble’ s law; Boltzmann´; s constant; dark energy; dark matter; black hole; Big Bang; cosmic inflation; early universe; quantum gravity; CERN; LHC; Fermilab; general relativity; particle physics; condensed matter physics; M theory; super string theory; extra dimensions; Penrose diagram, ccc conformal cyclic cosmology

Online: 2 August 2024 (12:13:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2539.v1

Corrections of the Distribution of Nuclei Due to Neutron Degeneracy and Their Effects in the R-Process in Neutron Stars - Black Hole Mergers

Rita K. Y. Lau

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: nuclear astrophysics; nuclear reactions; neutron stars; black holes

Online: 31 July 2024 (14:04:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1730.v3

A Conjecture on the Possible Another Supermassive Black Hole in the Bar of Our Milky Way

Yin Zhu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galactic bar; galactic spiral arms; Sgr A*; supermassive black hole; Newtonian theory of orbit

Online: 30 July 2024 (13:39:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0197.v11

Space Theory

S. Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: space; gravitation

Online: 30 July 2024 (11:03:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1065.v2

An Introduction to Cosmos Thermodynamics

Xinyong Fu, Zitao Fu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: closed universe; an eternal heat ocean at a temperature of 3K; the big cycle of matter and energy; matter shuttling and radiation shuttling; black holes are demons in the Nature; cosmos thermodynamics

Online: 30 July 2024 (00:10:32 CEST)

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Most astrophysicists today believe that the present universe was produced in a big bang. This article explores the big cycle of matter and energy in the universe, with the big bang as an important part of the cycle.The authors approve of the idea that the universe is gravitationally closed. That is, its average density is higher than the critical value. All the matter and radiation cannot fly out the closed universe.The 3k background radiation is a vast heat ocean in the closed universe, stable and eternal. It is not the afterglow of the thermal radiation of the decoupled fire ball, 380,000 years after the big bang, as many people believed so far. The big bang and the following big expansion drove the matter of more than 2×10¹²galaxies to the remote space. Their potential energies become higher and higher, while their huge kinetic energies that they derived from the big bang become smaller and smaller until drop down to zero. The galaxies will then return back one after another, passing the central region of the universe with tremendously great kinetic energies. They of course cannot all return back directly to their start point of the big bang and restore to the state of the original cosmic core. They will rush to pass the central region and fly to the other sides of the universe, and shuttle around the central part ceaselessly. From the big bang to the following expansion, to the numerous galaxies, to the more than 2×10²³ stars, and to the stars releasing huge nuclear energy due to their internal nuclear fusion each for about 10¹⁰ years, all these enormous processes are irreversible, resulting in enormous increase in entropy. These processes produce large amount of light and other radiations and pour them into the extremely vast heat ocean. These light and other radiations will also be shuttling ceaselessly in the vast heat ocean until, by their interaction with the rare dusts in the galaxies, they mingle into the 3K thermal radiation of the heat ocean. In all the galaxies, there are various black holes. Every black hole, since its birth, ceaselessly extracts the matter and radiation that approach it, and gets larger. In the above mentioned shuttling of all the galaxies, numerous stars and black holes in these galaxies have many chances to approach even meet each other. A black hole can annex other celestial bodies that it meets, including annex other black holes. All these processes carry on and on ceaselessly, resulting in the matter of these celestial bodies to concentrate again and again. The number of all the celestial bodies including the black holes reduces ceaselessly, and the mass of the survived black holes become larger, and their shuttling amplitudes become shorter. The larger black holes and the shorter amplitudes result in the rate of concentration of mass to be faster. Eventually, all the matter in the universe will be concentrated to form a tremendously large central black hole. The central black hole has an astonishingly large Schwarzschild sphere, absorbing the thermal radiation from the vast heat ocean very rapidly and ceaselessly until some threshold value of its internal energy is exceeded, and a new big bang breaks out. The black holes provide a way in the Universe to re-concentrate matter and energy again. Black holes are Maxwell’s demons in the Nature.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2142.v1

Optics Effect on the Observed Image about Sgr A* and Orbits of S-Stars

Yin Zhu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: dispersion of light in gravitational field; jet of Sgr A*; orbit of S-stars; jet of M87

Online: 26 July 2024 (08:03:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0697.v2

Stellar Flares, Superflares and Coronal Mass Ejections – Entering the Big Data Era

Krisztián Vida, Zsolt Kővári, Martin Leitzinger, Petra Odert, Katalin Oláh, Bálint Seli, Levente Kriskovics, Robert Greimel, Anna Mária Görgei

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: late-type stars; stellar magnetic activity; starspots; stellar flares; superflares; stellar coronal mass ejections

Online: 24 July 2024 (07:29:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0669.v2

The Fisher-Tully Law solely with 1915 General Relativity and Dark Energy

Remi Cornwall

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Cosmological Constant, Dark Matter Haloes, Dark Energy, Einstein Field Equations, Fisher-Tully Law, Galactic Rotation Curves, MOND, Quantised Inertia, TeVeS, Virtual Particles

Online: 22 July 2024 (09:55:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1254.v1

Implications of the Spin-Induced Accretion Disk Truncation on the X-ray Binary Broadband Emission

Theodora Papavasileiou, Ioannis Sinatkas, Theocharis Kosmas

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: relativistic jets; accretion disk; XRB; gamma-rays; Black hole; spin; synchrotron emission; thermal emission; magnetohydrodynamics; corona

Online: 16 July 2024 (08:27:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1285.v1

A New Perspective to the Relation Between Accretion Luminosity and Mass Accretion Rate

Stefania Pezzuto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Accretion; Star formation; Supermassive black holes

Online: 16 July 2024 (08:25:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0215.v8

Galactic Symmetry

Richard Oldani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: time; clocks; quantum mechanics; relativity theory; conjugate variables; space-time linearity; energy; quantum gravity; neutrinos

Online: 16 July 2024 (07:04:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0082.v2

A Field-Theory Approach for Modeling Dissipative Relativistic Fluids

Nils Andersson, Thomas Celora, Gregory Comer, Ian Hawke

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: relativistic fluids; dissipation; field theory

Online: 16 July 2024 (05:26:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1256.v1

The First VHE Activity of OJ 287 and the Extragalactic Background Light

Sameer Yadav, Pankaj Kushwaha

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: OJ 287; EBL; BL Lacertae objects; Bayesian statistics; VHE gamma-rays

Online: 16 July 2024 (04:40:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1730.v2

A Conjecture on the Possible Another Supermassive Black Hole in the Bar of Our Milky Way

Yin Zhu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galactic bar; galactic spiral arms; Sgr A*; supermassive black hole; Newtonian theory of orbit

Online: 15 July 2024 (04:53:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0354.v2

The Finite-Size Nuclear Structure of the Black Hole

Ting-Han Pei

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: black hole; Schwarzschild radius; Kerr-Newman metric; geodesic; finite-size nuclear structure

Online: 12 July 2024 (13:41:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0928.v1

Transmission Spectroscopy Along the Transit of Venus: A Proxy for Exoplanets Atmospheric Characterization

Alexandre Baptista Branco, Pedro Machado, Olivier Demangeon, Sarah Amelia Jaeggli, Thomas Widemann, Paolo Tanga

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Venus; Solar Transit; High-resolution transmission spectroscopy; Radiative transfer; Cross-correlation; Carbon dioxide; Carbon monoxide; Ozone; Venus-like exoplanets

Online: 11 July 2024 (08:37:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0301.v20

Finite Black Holes Inside an Eternal Black Hole: Implications for Dark Energy and Dark Matter

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology; black holes; dark energy; Schwarzschild metric

Online: 9 July 2024 (07:06:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0613.v1

Sun Declination and Distribution of Natural Beam Irradiance on Earth

José A. Rueda, Sergio Ramírez, Miguel A. Sánchez, Juan de Dios Guerrero

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: solar-heat distribution; solar-light distribution; Sun-Earth Physics; normal irradiance; climate; lumbra; exposure term to NBI; resting term from NBI

Online: 8 July 2024 (10:47:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0344.v1

Low-energy Cosmic Rays and Associated MeV Gamma-ray Emissions in the Protoplanetary System

Xulei Sun, Shuying Zheng, Zhaodong Shi, Bing Liu, Ruizhi Yang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Protoplanetary disk; Low-energy cosmic rays; Gamma rays; Nuclear de-excitation lines

Online: 4 July 2024 (00:18:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0134.v2

How Long Can the Spiral Arms of Disc Galaxies Be Optically Observed?

Hongjun Pan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: spiral arms; spiral pattern evolution; rigid spiral arms; soft spiral arms; spiral galaxies

Online: 3 July 2024 (07:34:16 CEST)

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With the galaxy J101652.52 as a model galaxy, this paper studied on the temporal duration of optically observed spiral patterns in disc galaxies is based on the finite reservoir of hydrogen available without replenishment following the initial formation of these well-isolated galaxies. The galaxy J101652.52 exhibits a grand design spiral pattern of two wide open spiral arms with perfect central symmetry, has only rear side trail effect, which clearly indicates that there is no corotation circle, therefore, the Density wave theory proposed for the spiral arm formation may not be applicable in this galaxy. The results reveal a gradual decline in observable spiral arms regardless of any spiral arm formation mechanism. This reduction occurs after half-loop rotation (as defined in the paper) as hydrogen reserves deplete, hindering new star formation. Ultimately, spiral patterns may possibly become optically invisible at normal conditions after a full-loop rotation (as defined in the paper) with hydrogen depletion, even if the formation mechanism remains active. The spiral galaxies with spiral arms decoupled from galactic bars or having soft spiral structures shall have similar results as long as that the spiral pattern rotation speed is significant different from the galactic matter rotation speed. Most of observed spiral galaxies have soft spiral structures, their spiral patterns dynamically change constantly. The results of this study support the idea of short-lived spiral patterns compared to the lifespan of the spiral galaxies. The spiral arm formation may occur once like the onetime firework show in a galaxy’s life based on the limited availability of hydrogens. A concise, universally applicable mechanism for spiral arm formation across various galaxies should exist which provides a single mathematical formula to describe the broad range of morphologies of the spiral arms with few adjustable parameters. Some exceptions may be explained within this framework. Furthermore, the observed data on spiral pattern and galactic bar rotation speeds in the Milky Way require rigorous verification, particularly concerning the winding problem.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0626.v2

Perturbed FLRW Metric Explains the Difference in Measurements of the Hubble Constant

Wladimir Belayev

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: perturbed FLRW metric; Einstein equations; particle Lagrangian; gravitational lensing; distance ladder; Hubble constant

Online: 2 July 2024 (13:14:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1576.v2

Schrödinger’s Cat Paradox Is an Illusion: Completion of the Quantum Theory

Jean-Olivier Durand

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hugh Everett; universal wave function; quantum theory; many worlds interpretation; universe; randomness; Schrödinger’s cat paradox, illusion, virtual classical world, real universal quantum world, Big Bang, bipolarity, schizophrenia, suffering.

Online: 1 July 2024 (08:30:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v6

On the Interpretation of Cosmic Acceleration

Enrique Gaztanaga

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Cosmology; Dark Energy; General Relativity; Black Holes; Cosmological Constant

Online: 1 July 2024 (08:12:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.2020.v1

Is Dark Matter a Misinterpretation of a Perspective Effect?

Gianni Pascoli, Louis Pernas

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Galaxy; Galaxy cluster; dark matter; modified gravity; kappa-model

Online: 28 June 2024 (06:57:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1777.v1

Constraint on the Cosmic Curvature in a Model with the Schwarzschild-De Sitter Metric from Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Burst Observational Data

Vladimir N. Yershov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Schwartzschild-de Sitter metric; elliptical space; wormholes; gravitational redshift; type-Ia supernovae

Online: 25 June 2024 (14:40:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1730.v1

A Conjecture on the Possible Another Supermassive Black Hole in the Bar of Our Milky Way

Yin Zhu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galactic bar; galactic spiral arms; Sgr A*; supermassive black hole; Newtonian theory of orbit

Online: 25 June 2024 (10:10:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1691.v1

Hybrid Isentropic Twin Stars

Juan Pablo Carlomagno, Gustavo A. Contrera, Ana Gabriela Grunfeld, David Blaschke

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: hot neutron stars; color superconductivity; thermal twin stars; quark deconfinement

Online: 25 June 2024 (00:30:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1202.v1

Cosmic Expansion – Clues From the Earth

Volkmar Müller

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Expansion rate; Drift rate; Relative speed; Recession speed

Online: 18 June 2024 (09:42:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1194.v1

SS 433: Flares and L2 Overflow, Spirals in the Wind

Michael Bowler

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: X-rays: binaries: ULX; stars: binaries: SS 433; galaxies: stellar content: microquasar

Online: 18 June 2024 (08:16:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1150.v1

An Examination of the Very First Polarimetric X-ray Observations of Radio-quiet Active Galactic Nuclei

Frédéric Marin, Vittoria Elvezia Gianolli, Adam Ingram, Dawoon E Kim, Andrea Marinucci, Daniele Tagliacozzo, Francesco Ursini

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: X-ray polarization; high-energy processes; black holes

Online: 17 June 2024 (14:45:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1226.v2

Fitting the Crab Supernova with a Gamma-Ray Burst

Remo Ruffini, Costantino Sigismondi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Supernova (SN1054); Gamma-ray Burst (GRB190114C); Binary-driven Hypernova

Online: 17 June 2024 (08:06:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2046.v2

Linking the Expansion of the Universe to the Dimension of Time

Gary Jarvis

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: universe expansion; gravity; wave-particle-duality; electromagnetism; quantum entanglement

Online: 17 June 2024 (08:02:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1065.v1

An Introduction to Cosmos Thermodynamics

Xinyong Fu, Zitao Fu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: closed universe; an eternal heat ocean at a temperature of 3K; the big cycle of matter and energy; matter shuttling and radiation shuttling; black holes are demons in the Nature; cosmos thermodynamics

Online: 17 June 2024 (08:02:38 CEST)

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Most astrophysicists today believe that the present universe was produced in a big bang. This article explores the big cycle of matter and energy in the universe, with the big bang as an important part of the cycle.The authors approve of the idea that the universe is gravitationally closed. That is, its average density is higher than the critical value. All the matter and radiation cannot fly out the closed universe.The 3k background radiation is a vast heat ocean in the closed universe, stable and eternal. It is not the afterglow of the thermal radiation of the decoupled fire ball, 380,000 years after the big bang, as many people believed so far. The big bang and the following big expansion drove the matter of more than 2×10¹²galaxies to the remote space. Their potential energies become higher and higher, while their huge kinetic energies that they derived from the big bang become smaller and smaller until drop down to zero. The galaxies will then return back one after another, passing the central region of the universe with tremendously great kinetic energies. They of course cannot all return back directly to their start point of the big bang and restore to the state of the original cosmic core. They will rush to pass the central region and fly to the other sides of the universe, and shuttle around the central part ceaselessly. From the big bang to the following expansion, to the numerous galaxies, to the more than 2×10²³ stars, and to the stars releasing huge nuclear energy due to their internal nuclear fusion each for about 10¹⁰ years, all these enormous processes are irreversible, resulting in enormous increase in entropy. These processes produce large amount of light and other radiations and pour them into the extremely vast heat ocean. These light and other radiations will also be shuttling ceaselessly in the vast heat ocean until, by their interaction with the rare dusts in the galaxies, they mingle into the 3K thermal radiation of the heat ocean. In all the galaxies, there are various black holes. Every black hole, since its birth, ceaselessly extracts the matter and radiation that approach it, and gets larger. In the above mentioned shuttling of all the galaxies, numerous stars and black holes in these galaxies have many chances to approach even meet each other. A black hole can annex other celestial bodies that it meets, including annex other black holes. All these processes carry on and on ceaselessly, resulting in the matter of these celestial bodies to concentrate again and again. The number of all the celestial bodies including the black holes reduces ceaselessly, and the mass of the survived black holes become larger, and their shuttling amplitudes become shorter. The larger black holes and the shorter amplitudes result in the rate of concentration of mass to be faster. Eventually, all the matter in the universe will be concentrated to form a tremendously large central black hole. The central black hole has an astonishingly large Schwarzschild sphere, absorbing the thermal radiation from the vast heat ocean very rapidly and ceaselessly until some threshold value of its internal energy is exceeded, and a new big bang breaks out. The black holes provide a way in the Universe to re-concentrate matter and energy again. Black holes are Maxwell’s demons in the Nature.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0301.v19

Black Holes Inside an Eternal Black Hole: Implications for Black Hole Interiors and Cosmology

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology; black holes; dark energy; Schwarzschild metric

Online: 13 June 2024 (09:35:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0697.v1

Stellar Flares, Superflares and Coronal Mass Ejections – Entering the Big Data Era

Krisztián Vida, Zsolt Kővári, Martin Leitzinger, Petra Odert, Katalin Oláh, Bálint Seli, Levente Kriskovics, Robert Greimel, Anna Mária Görgei

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: late-type stars; stellar magnetic activity; starspots; stellar flares; superflares; stellar coronal mass ejections

Online: 12 June 2024 (14:08:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0839.v1

Lifetime of Long-Lived Sunspot Groups

Judit Muraközy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Solar physics; Sunspots; Sunspot groups; Sunspot cycle; Solar magnetic fields; Solar active region magnetic fields

Online: 12 June 2024 (12:21:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0121.v7

Exploring Theoretical Modifications in Fabric of Spacetime

Amrit Ladhani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: big bang and big crunch; cosmology; dark energy; gravitational force; the cyclic universe

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:51:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0483.v1

Thank The Quantum Realm For Nothing Ever Entering Into Black Holes

John Klauder, Riccardo Fantoni

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Black Hole; Affine Quantization; Field Theory

Online: 10 June 2024 (02:19:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0433.v1

Astrosat SXT X-ray Spectrum Changes over the 35-Day Cycle in Hercules X-1

Denis Leahy, Riddhiman Sharma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: binaries; eclipsing — star; neutron— stars; individual (HZ Her/ Her X-1)

Online: 7 June 2024 (08:00:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0332.v1

Astromineralogy of the Nearby Exoplanetary Systems I: A Comparative Analysis of the Stellar and the Averaged Solar Mg/Si and Fe/Si Molar Ratios

Péter Futó, Arnold Gucsik, Irakli Simonia, György Kajati

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Solar System, element abundances, exoplanets, astromineralogy planets

Online: 6 June 2024 (07:47:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0082.v1

A Field-Theory Approach for Modeling Dissipative Relativistic Fluids

Nils Andersson, Thomas Celora, Gregory Comer, Ian Hawke

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: relativistic fluids; dissipation; field theory

Online: 6 June 2024 (03:24:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0283.v1

Astromineralogy of the Nearby Exoplanetary Systems II. The Impact of the Variability of the Stellar Mg/Si, C/O, Ca/Si, Al/Si, Na/Si and Fe/Si Ratios on the Mineral Diversity of Rocky Exoplanets

Péter Futó, Arnold Gucsik

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: element abundance; elemental ratio; rocky planet; stellar abundance; solar; mineralogy

Online: 5 June 2024 (12:10:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2125.v1

Determination of the Hubble Constant and Sound Horizon from DESI Year 1 and DES Year 6 BAO Measurements and Low Redshift Data

Jose Agustin Lozano Torres

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hubble constant; sound horizon; cosmological parameters; numerical methods

Online: 31 May 2024 (10:35:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2062.v1

IFU Spectroscopic Study of the Planetary Nebula Abell 30: Mapping the Ionization and Kinematic Structure of the Inner Complex

Kam Ling Chan, Quentin Andrew Parker, Andreas Ritter

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Planetary nebulae; Abell 30; Integral spectroscopy; Kinematics; velocity maps; Binary system; born-again scenario; wolf rayet central star; hydrogen deficient CSPN

Online: 30 May 2024 (13:43:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2046.v1

Linking the Expansion of the Universe to the Dimension of Time

Gary Jarvis

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: universe expansion; gravity; wave-particle-duality; electromagnetism; quantum entanglement

Online: 30 May 2024 (13:37:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2013.v1

Hybrid Euclidean-Lorentzian Universe

Asher Yahalom

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Cosmology; signatue change; Euclidean metric

Online: 30 May 2024 (08:28:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0117.v2

Emergence of Time from Primordial Space and Expansion of Space with Time

Eckhard Rebhan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: space-time; generic space expansion; emergence of time; dark energy; quantum grav-ity; Wheeler-de Witt-equation; volume quantisation; friction by information transfer; information quantum

Online: 28 May 2024 (14:26:25 CEST)

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A model of space-time is presented, whose origin is set before the appearance of any universe. It uses concepts of previous work, a central one being that the information about the laws of nature is stored locally everywhere in space such that all physical processes obey them. Since information storage is bound to matter or energy, space is assumed to consist of dark energy (DE), which thus assumes an importance far beyond its function as a stopgap for an energy deficit in our universe ( U ). The primordial state (PS) is a timeless and relatively large space of 3 dimensions described by a Wheeler DeWitt (WDW) equation, whose solution is interpreted as an arrangement of very many space quanta and possesses properties that remind of the time-honored concept of the unmoved mover. The comparison of WDW solutions belonging to different mass densities of the DE favors one in which the space quanta are mini black holes. This allows the space quanta to be imagined as mass points which are kept at a distance compatible with the quantum volume by the Pauli principle or something equivalent. Triggered by a dramatic increase in probability, the PS is followed by a time-controlled sequence of quantized expansion states (ES i ). The concomitant emergence of time occurs in a lightning huge crash, consuming almost all DE of the PS. The subsequent quantized ES i emerge from a WDW equation, novelly derived from a solution of the modified cosmic momentum equation, which classically describes an exponential space expansion (CS). The huge volme of the ES i is also used as size of the PS. Information is assumed to be geometrically stored in arrangements of space quanta similar to how genetic information is stored in DNA molecules. During the CS information must be transferred from already existing "information quanta" to new ones. This requires time, slows down the expansion and is taken into account by a friction term in the cosmological momentum equation thus modified. Since the Friedmann-Lemaître (FL) equation remains fully valid, the model is widely based on recognized equations, so that some results may be understood as interpretations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1721.v1

Transformation of DIY Geiger Counter Kits into a Muon Detector for Educational and Scientific Exploration

Marco Arcani, Domenico Liguori, Andrea Frassà, Altea Renata Maria Nemolato, Omar Del Monte, Cesare Guaita

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Muon detector; cosmic rays; DIY Geiger counter; educational tools; scientific exploration

Online: 27 May 2024 (09:56:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1639.v1

Origin of the Dark Energy

Hector Gerardo Flores, Harshit Jain, Maria Isabel Gonçalves de Souza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Cosmology; Astronomy; Astrophysics; Background radiation; Hubble’ s law; Boltzmann´; s constant; Dark energy; Dark matter; Black hole; Big Bang; Cosmic inflation; Early universe; Quantum gravity; CERN; LHC; Fermilab; General relativity; Particle physics; Condensed matter physics; M theory; Super string theory; Extra dimensions.

Online: 24 May 2024 (10:43:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0197.v10

Space Theory

S. Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: space; gravitation

Online: 22 May 2024 (07:43:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1002.v5

Dark Energy and Dark Matter from Extra Dimensional Symmetry as Different Manifestations of Vacuum Energy

Kabir Umar

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: dark energy; dark matter; extra dimension; gravity; neutrino; vacuum energy

Online: 21 May 2024 (17:22:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1226.v1

Fitting the Crab Supernova with a Gamma-Ray Burst

Remo Ruffini, Costantino Sigismondi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Supernova (SN1054); Gamma-ray Burst (GRB190114C); Binary-driven Hypernova

Online: 20 May 2024 (12:37:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1154.v1

An Uncertainty Relation for Retarded Gravity

Asher Yahalom

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: general relativity; dark matter; galactic rotation curves

Online: 17 May 2024 (08:56:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0488.v11

The Solar System: Nature and Mechanics

Mario Ljubičić

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: solar system; complete relativity; nature; mechanics

Online: 14 May 2024 (13:11:43 CEST)

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