Conventional Breeding, Molecular Breeding and Speed Breeding; Brave Approaches to Revamp the Production of Cereal Crops

Muhammad Haroon; Muhammad Mubashar Zafar; Muhammad Awais Farooq; Rabail Afzal; Maria Batool; Fahad Idrees; Usman Babar; Abdu Saboor Khan; Huijuan Mo; Lin Li; Maozhi Ren

doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0667.v1

Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Version 1 : Received: 24 November 2020 / Approved: 26 November 2020 / Online: 26 November 2020 (11:17:56 CET)

Conventional plant breeding methods exploit already existing genomic variation in plants to develop a variety in 8 to 10 years, which can decrease the genetic variability of the plant’s genome. The ever-increasing food demand for cereals crops cannot be met by traditional breeding methods. In order to increase food production in less time, there is a dire need to improve breeding methods. Several conventional and molecular breeding methods are being used to improve the crops traits. Molecular researchers have developed new genome editing tools like CRISPR/Cas9, CRISPR/Cpf1, prime editing, base editing, dcas9 epigenetic modification, and several other transgene-free genomes editing approaches. These genome editing tools can improve the desired traits precisely and efficiently. Moreover, a newly developed breeding method “Speed Breeding” has revolutionized the agriculture by shortening the crop cycle. It can produce 5-6 generations of cereals in a year. In this review, we have summarized all these conventional and molecular breeding approaches to improve cereal crops.

Plant breeding; Genome editing; Molecular breeding; Prime editing; Base editing; CRISPR Cas; Epigenetics; Speed breeding

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Conventional Breeding, Molecular Breeding and Speed Breeding; Brave Approaches to Revamp the Production of Cereal Crops

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