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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1531.v1

Scoliosis in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Marta Rosik, Włodzimierz Samborski, Dorota Sikorska, Przemysław Daroszewski, Roksana Malak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: cerebral palsy; neurogenic scoliosis; Cobb angle; progression; Gross Motor Function Classification System

Online: 21 October 2024 (11:37:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1499.v1

Hyperornithinemia-Hyperammonemia-Homocitrullinuria Syndrome in Vietnamese Patients

Khanh Ngoc Nguyen, Van Khanh Tran, Ngoc Lan Nguyen, Thi Bich Ngoc Can, Thi Kim Giang Dang, Thu Ha Nguyen, Thi Thanh Mai Do, Le Thi Phuong, Thinh Huy Tran, Thanh Van Ta, Nguyen Huu Tu, Chi Dung Vu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: HHH syndrome; SLC25A15 variant; Vietnamese patients; p.Arg179*; p.Phe188del, p.Met137Cysfs*10

Online: 18 October 2024 (16:31:45 CEST)

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October 17, 2024 Dear Prof. Dr. Rizzo and Dr. Oshiro, Prof. Dr. Rizzo: Editor-in-Chief of the Endocrinology section. Dr. Oshiro: Guest Editor of the “Advances in Clinical Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolic Diseases” special Issue. I would like to submitt the manuscript entitled “Hyperornithinemia-Hyperammonemia-Homocitrullinuria Syndrome in Vietnamese Patients” by Khanh Ngoc Nguyen et al. to be considered for publication as an article in the “Advances in Clinical Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolic Diseases” of the “Medicina” journal. This study included retrospective and prospective analyses of four unrelated Vietnamese children diagnosed with Hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome. HHH syndrome is one of the rarest urea cycle disorders and is characterized by failure of mitochondrial ornithine uptake, hyperammonemia, and accumulation of ornithine and lysine in the cytoplasm. Genetic analysis is key for diagnosis. In this study, we report the phenotype, genotype, treatment, and outcome of the four patients. To our best knowledge, this study is the first report of HHH patients in Vietnam. A diverse onset age and delayed diagnosis were observed. All four cases showed hyperornithinemia and prolonged prothrombin time. Three out of four cases presented with hyperammonemia, elevated transaminases, and uraciluria. No homocitrulline was detected in the urine. Genetic analyses identified three pathogenic variants in the SLC25A15 gene. The c.535C>T (p.Arg179*) variant is a common variant in Vietnamese patients. The c.562_564del (p.Phe188del) and c.408del (p.Met137Cysfs*10) variants were found in one case. The latter variant has yet been reported in the HHH patients in the literature. After intervention with a protein-restricted diet, ammonia-reducing therapy, and L-carnitine supplementation, no case had hyperammonemia and liver enzyme levels returned to normal range. Our results high-lighted clinical and biochemical heterogeneity of HHH syndrome and suggested that HHH syndrome should be considered when individuals present with hyperammonemia, elevated transaminase, and decreased prothrombin time. We believe these findings will be of interest to the readers of Medicina. We confirm that neither the manuscript nor any parts of its content are currently under consideration for publication with or published in another journal. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript and agree with its submission to Medicina. Thank you for your time and effort. We look forward to hearing from you regarding our submission. Yours sincerely, Chi Dung Vu (PhD., Assoc. Prof.) Center of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Genetic/Genomics and Molecular Therapy, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam Email: dungvu@nch.gov.vn. Tel: +84-246-2747643

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1425.v1

Therapeutic Hypothermia and Its Role in Preserving Brain Volume in Term Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia

Hernán Felipe García, Gloria Liliana Porras-Hurtado, Jorge Mario Estrada-Álvarez, Natalia Cardona-Ramirez, Feliza Restrepo-Restrepo, Carolina Serrano, David Cárdenas-Peña, Álvaro Ángel Orozco-Gutiérrez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Perinatal Asphyxia; Therapeutic Hypothermia; Cerebral Volumetry; Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Online: 18 October 2024 (16:30:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1477.v1

Nutritional, Metabolic and Inflammatory Alterations in Children with Chylous Effusion in the Postoperative Period of Cardiac Surgery: A Descriptive Cohort

Sidney Volk da Silva, Tais D.R. Hortencio, Lidiane O.S. Teles, Alexandre Lima Esteves, Roberto José Negrão Nogueira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Chylous effusion; cardiac surgery; chylothorax; children

Online: 18 October 2024 (14:21:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1400.v1

Day-to-Day Fluctuation in Micronutrient Content in Human Milk Relative to Maternal Diet

Noelia Ureta-Velasco, Adriana Montealegre-Pomar, Kristin Keller, Diana Escuder-Vieco, José C. E. Serrano, Nadia Raquel García-Lara, Carmen R. Pallás-Alonso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: breast milk; lactating women; intake; vitamins; minerals; riboflavin; pyridoxal; vitamin D; generalized estimating equations; selenium

Online: 17 October 2024 (17:13:30 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1374.v1

Orthopedic Challenges in a Pediatric Case of Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis (Cipa): A Case Report of 3 Years Old Female Patient

Liena Gasiņa, Artūrs Vīksne, Dzintars Ozols, Mohit Kakar, Marisa Maija Butnere, Uldis Bergmanis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis; CIPA; hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN IV); chronic osteomyelitis; case report; complications; pediatric patient

Online: 17 October 2024 (10:30:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1

Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles

Matjaž Kopač

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: acute kidney injury; children; diuretics; urine output; hypervolemia; electrolytes; acid-base balance; kidney perfusion

Online: 11 October 2024 (04:12:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0746.v1

Characterization of Disease Patterns in Children with Intracranial Abscesses for Enhanced Clinical Decision-Making

Maximilian Middelkamp, Marcus M. Kania, Friederike S. Groth, Franz L. Ricklefs, Lasse Dührsen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: brain abscess; central nervous system infections; intracranial infection; pediatric neurosurgery

Online: 10 October 2024 (09:09:43 CEST)

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Preprint INTERESTING IMAGES | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0771.v1

Unilateral Exudative Retinal Detachment and Uveitis Accompanied by a Large Subretinal Deposit on the Macula Secondary to Bartonella henselae Infection

Tian-Wei Liang, Yan hui Cui, Man Hu, Di Cao, Honggai Yan, Li Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Bartonella henselae; Cat-scratch disease

Online: 10 October 2024 (08:17:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0730.v1

The Impact of Nursing Interventions on Postoperative Complications Following Pediatric Bronchoscopy: A Meta-Analysis

Sixi Wang, Binglin Cao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Nursing Interventions

Online: 10 October 2024 (08:17:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0758.v1

Current Trends in the Treatment of Pediatric Hydrocephalus: Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt or Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy? A Narrative Review of Relevant Meta-Analyses Centered on the Indications, Safety and Efficacy Characteristics Along with Long-term Outcomes of the Available Treatment Modalities

Dimitrios Panagopoulos, Georgios Stranjalis, Maro Gavra, Efstathios Boviatsis, Stefanos Korfias, Ploutarchos Karydakis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: ventriculo-peritoneal shunt; ventriculo-atrial shunt; central catheter obstruction; infection; overdrainage; shunt independence

Online: 10 October 2024 (05:04:59 CEST)

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The pathophysiologic substrate of pediatric hydrocephalus has not been thoroughly explained. Because of that, the available treatment options and protocols will be largely based on expert opinions or the results of single-center databases, until a more comprehensive knowledge of the various subcategories of hydrocephalus is undertaken. In retrospect, we mention that valve-based shunt systems have been constituting the mainstay of therapy since the late 1950s. The initially used shunt systems were concerning the ventricular system and the atrium. In the 1970s, VA shunts were not the main stay of treatment, as the primary location for the distal end was substituted by the peritoneum, due to the emergence of the ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Several types of one-way valve-based shunt systems have been developed. The ultimate goal was the drainage of the appropriate amount of CSF, in order to avoid either overdrainage or underdrainage, without interfering with normal brain development or cognition. Our review briefly analyzes these valve types and attempts a comparison, based on their functional characteristics. In addition to the peritoneum, other distal locations for shunt placement have been explored, including the pleural space and gallbladder. A separate subcategory includes the shunt systems which incorporate the lumbar subarachnoid space as the proximal location for the central catheter. Nowadays, the only available surgical alternative for the treatment of hydrocephalus is ETV. Since 2000, approximately 50% of children suffering hydrocephalus have been considered to be candidates for the execution of ETV. The potential benefits are that it closely resembles to the normal, physiological pathway of CSF absorption, thus circumventing the need for an artificial shunt system. Moreover, this technique is associated with lower infection rates, as well as on average, with a lower reoperation rate. Attempts of future progression are largely based on the development of improved shunt valve systems that could be affordable worldwide, as well as with the constant availability of ETV in developing countries. Another term that deserves special mention is related with the outcome of ETV in children who had a medical history of previously incorporated shunts and who were subsequently experiencing shunt dysfunction. This subset of patients is discussed in terms of efficacy (success rate from 40% to 80%) and safety (0%–32.5% of complications). Based on literature reviews, well-recognized predictive factors associated with secondary ETV failure include age, early onset of hydrocephalus, and prematurity. Currently, there is no consensus when the optimum surgical strategy is concerned in the different subgroups of patients, who are suffering from shunt dysfunction. Therefore, another issue that this review attempts to elucidate is the identification of subgroups of patients in whom shunt treatment is associated with a favorable outcome, compared to ETV, and vice versa. The objective of our study is to evaluate the comparative safety and efficacy, as well as the outcomes, of shunting and ETV in pediatric hydrocephalus cases. Anatomic and molecular substrate of hydrocephalus need to be better elucidated, so that medications or genetic modifications become more effective in order to offer a potential cure for hydrocephalus. Advancements in the treatment of hydrocephalus will depend on research into the shared molecular mechanism underlying various forms of the condition, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0710.v1

Polymorphisms of the Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDBP) and Free vitamin D in pediatric and young adult patients with cystic fibrosis

Paula Quesada-Colloto, Noelia Avello-Llano, Ruth García-Romero, María Garriga-García, Marina Álvarez-Beltrán, Ana Isabel Reyes-Domínguez, Ana Estefanía Fernández-Lorenzo, Helena Gil-Peña, Carlos Gómez-Alonso, Carmen García-Gil-Albert, Saioa Vicente-Santamaria, Luis Peña-Quintana, Juan José Díaz-Martin, José Ramon Gutiérrez-Martínez, Carmen Martin-Fernández, Agustín De la Mano-Hernández, Ana Moreno-Álvarez, David González-Jiménez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Vitamin D; Cystic Fibrosis; VDBP; Free vitamin D; Free Vitamin D hypothesis

Online: 9 October 2024 (14:08:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0453.v1

Anatomical Characteristics of Cervicomedullary Compression on MRI Scans in Children with Achondroplasia

Isabella Trautwein, Daniel Behme, Philip Kunkel, Jasper Gerdes, Klaus Mohnike

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: achondroplasia; magnetic resonance imaging; cervicomedullary compression; foramen magnum stenosis; decompression surgery

Online: 7 October 2024 (12:13:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0400.v1

Clinical Manifestations of Acute COVID-19 in Previously Healthy Pediatric Patients Diagnosed by Rapid Antigen Screening in a Community Based, Outpatient Primary Care Pediatrics Practice

Stanley Calderwood, Eduardo Montoya, Mandeep Singh Brar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Pandemic; Severity of Illness; Screening; Children

Online: 7 October 2024 (07:40:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0353.v1

Thoracotomy vs Thoracoscopy for Esophageal Atresia with Tracheoesophageal Fistula Repair: Is There a Difference in Quality of Life?

Donatella Di Fabrizio, Francesca Mastroberti, Alba Cruccetti, Edoardo Bindi, Giovanni Cobellis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: esophageal atresia; thoracotomy; thoracoscopy; quality of life; children

Online: 4 October 2024 (15:41:10 CEST)

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Aim: Esophageal atresia (EA) is the most common congenital esophageal malformation. Thoracoscopic repair is gaining popularity, but controversy persist regarding the ideal surgical approach for this challenging anomaly. Study’s aim is to analyze outcomes in terms of quality of life (QoL) of children undergoing thoracotomy and thoracoscopy for type III EA repair. Methods: Perinatal characteristics, malformations, surgical procedures, complications, gastrointestinal and respiratory current symptoms were collected. QoL were investigated through Esophageal-Atresia-QoL(EAQoL) and Pediatric-QoL(PedsQL)4.0 standardized and validated questionnaires. Statical Mann-Whitney test with significance level p <0.05 was carried out. Main results: A total of 32 patients undergoing type III EA primary repair answered the questionnaire, including 17 thoracotomy and 15 thoracoscopy. Median birth weight was not significantly different between two groups (median[2.385;2.475], p=.3529) while gestational age showed statistically difference (median[36;38], p=.0063). Thirty-five associated malformations (15 thoracotomy, 20 thoracoscopy) in 23 patients were observed. Postoperative complications occurred in 9 patients in thoracotomy group (1 recurrent fistula, 2 leakages, 6 stenosis) and in 6 patients in thoracoscopic group (2 recurrent fistula, 4 stenosis). Analyzing EAQoL we found statistically significant difference in physical health between the two groups (median[83;96], p=0.0119), while there was no difference in social relations, eating and total score (median[100;100], p=0.3473)(median[91;97], p=0.5749)(median[91;96], p=0.1710). Investigating PedsQL, psychosocial-health score (median[88;98], p=0.0069) and total score (median [91;99], p=0.0043) were statically significant different between the groups, whereas there was no difference for physical-health score (median[91;100], p=0.0706). Conclusions: Thoracoscopic EA repair is safe and feasible, allowing patient to have a better QoL in terms of physical and psychosocial health score.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0153.v1

An Analysis of the Time Required for Diagnosis of ASD and the Factors Influencing Its Duration in a Sample of the Pediatric Population from Poland

Krzysztof Maria Wilczyński, Lena Cichoń, Aleksandra Stasik, Katarzyna Kania, Natalia Rodak, Michał Wizner, Małgorzata Janas-Kozik

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: ASD; child; Poland; diagnosis

Online: 2 October 2024 (13:05:49 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0150.v1

Loss of Surfactant Protein a Alters Perinatal Lung Morphology and Susceptibility to Hyperoxia-Induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Shaili Amatya, Matthew Lanza, Todd M Umstead, Zissis Chroneos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; hyperoxia; surfactant protein A (SP-A); prematurity; neonatal

Online: 2 October 2024 (13:04:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0679.v2

Diagnostic Utility of Copeptin in Pediatric Patients with Polyuria-Polydipsia Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diana-Andreea Ciortea, Carmen Loredana Petrea (Cliveți), Laura Bujoreanu Bezman, Iolanda Cristina Vivisenco, Sorin Ion Berbece, Gabriela Gurău, Madălina Nicoleta Matei, Aurel Nechita

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Copeptin; Polyuria-Polydipsia Syndrome; Pediatrics; Diagnostic Accuracy

Online: 2 October 2024 (11:41:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2098.v1

Pediatric Meningeal Diseases: What Radiologists Need to Know

Dhrumil Deveshkumar Patel, Laura Z. Fenton, Swastika Lamture, Vinay Kandula

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Meningeal enhancement; Pediatric; Meningitis; Drop Metastasis; Pachymeningeal enhancement

Online: 26 September 2024 (14:00:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1934.v1

Fluid Overload in Children Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplant: A Cause for Concern?

Lama Elbahlawan, Amr Qudeimat, Ray Morrison, Alexandra Schaller

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Fluid overload; fluid accumulation; hematopoietic cell transplant; pediatrics; critically ill; outcome; acute kidney injury

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:24:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1929.v1

Vitamin D’s Essential Role from Natural Sources in Preventing Rhinosinusitis, Nasopharyngitis, and Otitis Media: Ensuring Optimal Care in Patients with Behavioral Disorders

Felicia Manole, Alexia Manole, Timea Claudia Ghitea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: behavior disorders; nasopharyngitis; otitis media; rhinosinusitis; vitamin D

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:18:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1771.v1

Sputum Induction in Pediatric Lung Disease: Are We There Yet?

Tuba Kockar Kizilirmak, Emanuela M Bruscia, Clemente J Britto, Marie E Egan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Induced sputum; airway inflammation; respiratory; children

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:26:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1824.v1

Longitudinal Fecal Microbiota Profiles in a Cohort of Non-Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults with COVID-19: Associations with SARS-CoV-2 Status and Long-Term Fatigue

Christine Olbjørn, Milada Hagen, Aina Fossum Moen, Lise Beier Havdal, Silke Lauren Sommen, Lise Lund Berven, Espen Thiis-Evensen, Tonje Stiansen-Sonerud, Joel Selvakumar, Vegard Bruun Bratholm Wyller

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; fatigue; post-COVID-19 condition; post-infective fatigue syndrome; microbiota; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii; Sutterella wadsworthensis

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:20:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1352.v1

Evaluating the Efficacy of Oral Chloral Hydrate and Determinants of Median Induction Time for Pediatric MRI Procedural Sedation: A Time-to-Event Analysis Perspective

Sara Amer Alomar, Ahmed Nawfal Alshammari, Fahad Alnajim, Maan Abdullah Albesair, Amr Esmail, Abdullah BinHasan, Fay Fahad Aldenaini, Mohammed Shahab Uddin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Chloral Hydrate; Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Pediatric Sedation; Procedural Sedation; Drug Efficacy; Pediatrics

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:39:31 CEST)

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Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is essential in pediatric diagnostics; however, the need for effective sedation due to children’s inability to remain still presents a challenge. Oral Chloral Hydrate (OCH) is commonly used for its efficacy and safety, but there is a lack of detailed exploration of the median induction time, the period from administration to effective sedation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of OCH and identify the determinants of the median induction time for pediatric MRI procedural sedation.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated oral chloral hydrate (50-100 mg/kg) for pediatric MRI sedation using records from the Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Hospital (2018-2022). Pediatric patients (1–8 years) were assessed for sedation efficacy, with exclusion criteria for allergies or incomplete data. Time-to-event analysis (Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression) was used to identify factors influencing sedation induction time. The data included age, weight, dose, and outcomes. The analysis highlighted the key predictors of sedation success and optimized procedural sedation protocols.Results: The study included 183 pediatric patients with a median age of 30 months and a median chloral hydrate dose of 66 mg. Sedation success was 85.79%, with younger age and shorter induction times being significantly associated with success (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant difference in induction times between the neurological and non-neurological groups (p=0.64). Cox regression identified longer MRI duration and multiple doses as significant factors influencing the timing of sedation (p=0.050, p=0.008). Bootstrap analysis confirmed a robust median induction time of 30 minutes.Conclusions: Oral chloral hydrate achieved 85.79% success in pediatric MRI sedation, with younger and lighter patients having better outcomes. The median sleep induction time was 30 minutes, and extending sedation to 60 minutes further improved the success rate.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1267.v1

Therapeutic Options for Crigler-Najjar Syndrome: A Scoping Review

Vanessa Sambati, Serena Laudisio, Matteo Motta, Susanna Esposito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Crigler-Najjar Syndrome; UGT1A1 mutation; liver transplantation; gene therapy; hyperbilirubinemia

Online: 17 September 2024 (04:13:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0937.v1

Effects of Ambient Temperatures on Childhood Anemia in Africa

Muhammad Saeed, Adeena Zaidi, Mohammad R. Saeed, Harris Khoker, Sami Khan, Binish Arif Sultan, Harris Majeed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Child anemia; temperatures; Africa; Low-income

Online: 12 September 2024 (13:17:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0629.v1

Paediatric Emergency Nurses’ Perception of Medication Errors: A Qualitative Study

Blanca Collado-González, Ignacio Fernández-López, Valentina Urtubia-Herrera, Ana María Palmar-Santos, Eva García-Perea, María Victoria Navarta Sánchez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Medication Errors; Nurses; Pediatrics; Emergencies; Qualitative Research

Online: 9 September 2024 (12:33:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0679.v1

Diagnostic Utility of Copeptin in Pediatric Polyuria-Polydipsia Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diana-Andreea Ciortea, Carmen Loredana Petrea (Cliveți), Laura Bujoreanu Bezman, Iolanda Cristina Vivisenco, Sorin Ion Berbece, Gabriela Gurău, Madălina Nicoleta Matei, Aurel Nechita

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: copeptin; polyuria-polydipsia syndrome; pediatrics; diagnostic accuracy

Online: 9 September 2024 (11:54:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0579.v1

Early Diagnosis of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia with E-Nose: A Pilot Study in Preterm Infants

Laura Tenero, Michele Piazza, Marco Sandri, Giuliana Ferrante, Elisabetta Giacomello, Benjamim Ficial, Marco Zaffanello, Paolo Biban, Giorgio Piacentini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: electronic nose; volatile organic compounds; preterms; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; mechanical ventilation; breathomics

Online: 9 September 2024 (08:02:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0336.v1

Adolescents' Knowledge and Misconceptions about Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study in Middle School Students in Portugal

Catarina Abreu, Luísa Sá, Paulo Santos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Adolescent; Sexuality; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sex Education; Health Education

Online: 5 September 2024 (04:59:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0071.v1

Validation of Greulich and Pyle Atlas for Radiological Bone Age Assessment in Pediatric Population from the Canary Islands

Isidro Miguel Martín Pérez, Sebastián Eustaquio Martín Pérez, Jesús María Vega González, Ruth Molina Suárez, Alfonso Miguel García Hernández, Fidel Rodríguez Hernández, Mario Herrera Perez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: diagnostic imaging; radiography; age determination by skeleton; children; Greulich and Pyle Atlas; Canary Islands

Online: 2 September 2024 (10:49:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2182.v1

Clinical and Laboratory Parameters Associated with PICU Admission in Children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C)

Maria-Myrto Dourdouna, Evdoxia Mpourazani, Elizabeth-Barbara Tatsi, Chrysanthi Tsirogianni, Charikleia Barbaressou, Nick Dessypris, Athanasios Michos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Critical Care; MIS-C; PICU; SARS-CoV-2; D-dimer; LVEF

Online: 30 August 2024 (10:53:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1861.v1

A Comparison of Kawasaki Disease during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Tunç Tunçer, Fatih Varol

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Kawasaki disease; Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 26 August 2024 (15:25:39 CEST)

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Objectives: This study aimed to compare the similarities and differences between the Kawasaki disease (KD) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with KD and MIS-C at a single center between July 2020 and November 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The study included 39 MIS-C patients (84.6% male) with a median age of 138 months and 17 KD patients (58.8% male) with a median age of 36 months. Compared with the KD patients, MIS-C patients were older (p<0.001), had longer hospital stays (p=0.023), elevated neutrophil count (p<0.001), C-reactive protein (p<0.001), procalcitonin (p<0.001), interleukin-6 (p<0.014), ferritin (p<0.001), fibrinogen (p<0.001), troponin I (p=0.001), NT-proBNP (p<0.001), and, D-dimer levels (p<0.001). They had more hypotension (p=0.024), decreased left ventricular function (p=0.023), and a greater need for corticosteroids (p<0.001), enoxaparin (p=0.045), and therapeutic plasma exchange (p<0.001). Patients with KD displayed a higher frequency of rash (p<0.001), oral mucosal changes (p<0.001), conjunctival injection (p<0.001), extremity changes (p<0.001), and cervical lymphadenopathy (p<0.001). They had a longer duration of fever (p<0.001), elevated white blood cell count (p<0.001), platelet count (p<0.001), and alanine aminotransferase level (p<0.001). The two groups were similar in terms of hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, albumin levels, or the frequency of coronary dilation/aneurysm, myocarditis, pericarditis, invasive mechanical ventilatory support, and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. Conclusions: Older patient age, a greater presence of gastrointestinal and cardiac findings associated with hypotension, increased NT-proBNP levels, decreased left ventricular function, the use of various treatment modalities, and longer hospital stays suggest MIS-C, whereas a longer duration of fever and classical clinical features of KD favor KD.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1767.v1

NT-proBNP as a Biomarker of Endotheliopathy in Pediatric and Young Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Kimberly Uchida, Xiaomeng Yuan, Jennifer McArthur, Rebekah Lassiter, Haitao Pan, Dinesh Keerthi, Katherine Tsai, Yvonne Avent, Melissa Hines, Hugo R. Martinez, Amr Qudeimat, Saad Ghafoor

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT); NT-proBNP; endotheliopathy; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH); sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS); thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA); pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)

Online: 26 August 2024 (03:01:06 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1591.v1

Comparison of Chest Ct Findings and Pulmonary Function Tests in Non-symptomatic Children with Rheumatic Diseases

Spyridon Prountzos, Kyveli Chiotopoulou, Katerina Kourtesi, Evdoxia Sapountzi, Dafni Moriki, Elpiniki Kartsiouni, Efthymia Alexopoulou, Konstantinos Douros, Lampros Fotis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Lung; Pediatrics; Rheumatic Diseases; Spirometry; Tomography, X-ray Computed

Online: 21 August 2024 (16:00:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1471.v1

Subclinical Maternal Pathologies with Clinical Manifestation in the Offspring

Adriana Mihaela Dan, Diana Iulia Vasilescu, Sorin Vasilescu, Vlad Dima, Monica Cirstoiu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: postpartum diagnosis; maternal-infant disease; asymptomatic diseases in pregnancy; neonatal effect of maternal antibodies; genetic diseases during pregnancy

Online: 21 August 2024 (10:50:26 CEST)

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It is documented that maternal diseases or treatments influence a newborn’s clinical status at birth; autoimmune diseases with circulating antibodies are often clinically expressed transiently in newborns due to the crossover of the specific IgG through the placenta during pregnancy. The offspring can inherit maternal genetic anomalies, but clinical expression usually becomes patent later in life. If prenatal medical history is not available or if signs or symptoms of a mother’s disease are revealed for the first time during pregnancy or postpartum, their effects on the newborn may be misattributed. In this article, we present three cases of pregnant women, without any known pathology before or during pregnancy, who gave birth to very sick preterm newborns that required admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The neonates’ complications were considered initially as consequences of prematurity or infection, but later investigations revealed transient autoimmune disease in two of the cases (myasthenia gravis and hyperthyroidism) and a severe form of thrombophilia in the third case. In all cases, mothers were asymptomatic and unaware of their subclinical disease. Preemies’ diagnosis has contributed to the identification of their mothers’ pathology and adequate treatment was prescribed with favourable short- and long-term outcomes. In one of the cases (myasthenia gravis) both mother and child had associated infectious diseases in the perinatal period that complicated the clinical picture and created problems of diagnosis. This article intends to emphasize the paramount importance of prenatal care, for both mother and newborn. Repeated medical visits and investigations throughout the pregnancy are a good opportunity to detect subclinical diseases or predispositions. As newborns usually develop non-specific signs, one should have experience and pay attention to differentiate among etiologies. Our paper takes a reversed approach to the usual medical diagnosis pathway: from infant to mother instead of mother towards the infant, proving that inter-speciality collaboration can work bi-directionally.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1302.v1

ABCA3 c.838C>T (p.Arg280Cys, R280C) and c.697C>T (p.Gln233Ter, Q233X, Q233*) as Causative Variants for RDS: a Review of the Literature and Family Case Study

Maria Livia Ognean, Mădălina Anciuc-Crauciuc, Radu Galiș, Alex-Emilian Stepan, Mioara Desdemona Stepan, Claudia Bănescu, Florin Grosu, Boris W. Kramer, Manuela Cucerea

Subject: Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: ABCA3 c.838C>; T; ABCA3 p.Arg280Cys; ABCA3 R280C; ABCA3 c.697C>; T; ABCA3 p.Gln233Ter; ABCA3 Q233X; SFTPB p.Val267Ile; neonatal RDS; interstitial lung disease; genetic testing

Online: 20 August 2024 (12:41:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1348.v1

Infections in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Silvije Šegulja, Klara Vranešević, Ana Đorđević, Jelena Roganović

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; child; infection; neutropenia

Online: 20 August 2024 (03:39:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1354.v1

High-Flow Oscillatory Ventilation in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Cardiovascular Diseases

Stefano Scollo, Luigi La Via, Piero Pavone, Marco Piastra, Giorgio Conti, Carmelo Minardi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: HFOV; Pediatric Critical Care; Congenital Heart Disease; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; ARDS; Pulmonary Hypertension; Mechanical Ventilation; Newborn

Online: 20 August 2024 (03:38:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1224.v1

The Influence of the Dimensions of Lateral Ventricles After Intracranial Hemorrhage on the Psychological Test Scores of Prematurely Born Children at the Age of 3 Years

Gordana Milorad Velisavljev-Filipović

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: intracranial hemorrhage; preterm infants; dimensions of the lateral brain ventricles; Brunet–Lezine scale

Online: 19 August 2024 (04:29:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1247.v1

Accuracy of Lung Point-of-Care Ultrasound (Pocus) for Diagnosing Acute Respiratory Diseases in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients

Ana Buzetti Neves, José Eduardo Carreiro, Valéria Cabral Neves Luszczynzkia, Adriana Koliski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: pediatrics; ultrasound; lung; pediatric intensive care units; intensive care; radiography

Online: 16 August 2024 (13:28:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1068.v1

Effects of Prostaglandin E1 and Balloon Atrial Septostomy on Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygenation in Newborns Diagnosed with Transposition of the Great Arteries

Manuela Cucerea, Maria-Livia Ognean, Alin-Constantin Pinzariu, Marta Simon, Laura Mihaela Suciu, Dana-Valentina Ghiga, Elena Moldovan, Mihaela Moscalu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: dextro-transposition of the great arteries; prostaglandin E1; septostomy; crSO2; cFTOE; cerebral doppler ultrasound

Online: 14 August 2024 (14:42:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1064.v1

Recent Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis in Neonates

Maria Baltogianni, Vasileios Giapros, Niki Dermitzaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: invasive candida infections; neonatal candidiasis; candida diagnosis; antifungal treatment

Online: 14 August 2024 (12:19:29 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1095.v2

Genomic Exploration of Pediatric Neurological Diversity: Lessons from Clinical Exome Panel Sequencing

Naresh Tayade, Anjali Krishna A, Gautham Manoj, Akshay Kewat, Rajiv Devulapalli, Somesh Kumar, Sunil K Polipalli, Bipin G Nair, Obul Reddy Bandapalli, Prashanth Suravajhala

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Rare conditions; Neurological disorders; Autism; Arthrogryposis; Bilateral cataract

Online: 7 August 2024 (00:30:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0337.v1

Food Protein Induced Proctocolitis in Preterm Newborns with Bloody Stool in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Enza D'Auria, Francesco Cavigioli, Miriam Acunzo, Paola Azzurra La Verde, Anna Di Gallo, Carolina Piran, Lodovico Sterzi, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Gianluca Lista

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: hematochezia; preterm infants; NEC; food allergy; proctocolitis; CMPA

Online: 6 August 2024 (12:20:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0162.v1

Effectiveness of Smartphone App for the treatment of Pediatric Obesity: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Mariapia Masino, Grazia Cirillo, Giulia Rondinelli, Francesca Massa, Giuseppe Salvatore R.C. Mangoni di Santo Stefano, Anna Di Sessa, Pierluigi Marzuillo, Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice, Pietro Buono

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: obesity 1; treatment 2; m-Health 3

Online: 2 August 2024 (12:58:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2455.v1

ToolCAP: Novel Tools to Improve the Management of Paediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia – a Preliminary Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial

Jacques Du Toit, Megan Palmer, Karim Manji, Papa Moctar Faye, Stephen Tollman, Moniek Bresser, Silvia Cicconi, Tracy Glass, Helene Langet, Klaus Reither, Evelyn Tshehla, Kristina Keitel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Lung Ultrasound; IMCI; Paediatric Pneumonia; Antibiotic Stewardship; Low-Resource Settings; Antimicrobial Resistance; Diagnostic Tools

Online: 30 July 2024 (16:37:06 CEST)

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Background Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), particularly pneumonia, are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide, especially in low-resource settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) guidelines currently recommend antibiotic treatment for all case of with pneumonia based on clinical signs along, which can lead to over-prescription of antibiotics and contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Point of care Lung Ultrasound (LUS) has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool in this context and has demonstrated potential in distinguishing between bacterial and viral pneumonia, thus enabling more targeted antibiotic use. This study aims to explore whether integrating LUS into the IMCI-based management of clinical pneumonia will better identify those who would benefit from antibiotic treatment, reducing antibiotic overuse without compromising health outcomes. Methods An open label randomized controlled trial will enrol 3500 children aged 60 days to 12 years presenting with IMCI-defined pneumonia. Participants will be enrolled in Senegal, Tanzania, and South Africa. Participants will be randomly assigned in a ratio of 1:1, stratified by site and age group (<5years, 5-12years) to either an intervention group, where LUS will guide antibiotic prescriptions utilising a predefined interpretation framework, or a control group receiving routine IMCI-based care. The co-primary outcomes of this study are the reduction in antibiotic use on the day of enrolment (Day 1) and rate of clinical failure by Day 8, using an acceptable clinical difference of 1.5x as a non-inferiority margin (delta of 2.5%). Secondary outcomes will include adverse drug reactions, cure rates, hospital admissions including in-patient duration, and cost-effectiveness. Data will be collected at baseline (Day 1), Day 8, and Day 29 post-enrolment. Discussion This study seeks to provide evidence on the clinical and public health benefits of using LUS to improve the diagnosis and management of paediatric pneumonia in low-resource settings. If this intervention proves effective it could contribute significantly toward reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, thereby addressing AMR. The potential for LUS to be integrated into routine clinical practice could revolutionize pneumonia management, especially in areas with limited access to advanced diagnostic tools. Trial Registration This trial will be registered on ClinicalTrials.gov and The South African National Clinical Trials Register (SANCTR) prior to participant enrolment.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2378.v1

Nurse-Driven Quality Improvement Interventions Reduced the Incidence of Central-Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection and Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection to Close to Zero, a Turning Point in One Pediatric Oncologic Facility

Federico Turoldo, Antonella Longo, Mariavittoria Sala, Denis Valentini, Nicole De Vita, Sara Toniutti, Loredana Zuppel, Natalia Maximova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: central venous catheter; pediatric; oncological; central-line– associated bloodstream infections; catheter-related bloodstream infections

Online: 30 July 2024 (07:34:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2318.v1

Postnatal Development of Pineal Synthesis and Secretion of Melatonin

Ekkehart Paditz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Melatonin in infants; pineal gland; noradrenaline; pinealocytes; Lhx4-Homebox; chrononutrition

Online: 30 July 2024 (00:17:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2150.v1

BMI Status of Children with Celiac Disease Has Changed in the Last Decades: A 30-Year Retrospective Study

Alice Monzani, Silvia Marcolin, Federico Medina, Kevin Valentino, Ivana Rabbone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: celiac disease; children; body mass index; clinical presentation

Online: 26 July 2024 (10:23:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1828.v1

First Hours Care of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A French Delphi Consensus

Thulan Nguyen, Michaud Manon, Ancel Pierre-Yves, Sikias Paola, Loron Gauthier, Harvey Beatrice, Lyonnais Elisabeth, Sauvegrain Priscille, Anne Alice Chantry, Guellec Isabelle

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal encephalopathy; perinal asphyxia; passive hypothermia; therapeutic hypothermia; hypoglycemia; delphi method; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; consensus

Online: 24 July 2024 (07:25:31 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1753.v1

Correction of Rectal Prolapse in an Infant through Anterior Ventral Rectopexy Laparoscopic in an Infant: A Case Report

Pastor Thomas-Olivares, Luz Caroly Vergara-Utria, Hernando Pinzón-Redondo, Dilia Mildret Fontalvo-Rivera

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Rectal Prolapse; Laparoscopic ventral rectopexy; infant

Online: 23 July 2024 (07:08:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1725.v1

The Relationship between Maternal Smoking and Infant Birth Weight: Improving Accuracy through Urine Cotinine Analysis and Effective Medical Record Strategies

Danica Vojisavljevic, Donna Rudd, Roger Smith, Yogavijayan Kandasamy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: cotinine; birth weight; sex; pregnancy; nicotine

Online: 22 July 2024 (19:09:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1482.v1

Congenital Sepsis with Candida albicans - A Rare Event in the Neonatal Period. Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

Dumitru Alin Teacoe, Roxana Cristina Cormoș, Diana Adela Toma, Laura Stef, Manuela Cucerea, Irina Muțiu, Radu Chicea, Dragoș Popescu, Eugen Dan Chicea, Adrian Gheorghe Boicean, Radu Galiș, Maria Livia Ognean

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: congenital systemic candidiasis; candidemia; Candida albicans; congenital cutaneous candidiasis; invasive candidiasis; newborn; neonate; preterm infant; fluconazole

Online: 18 July 2024 (14:35:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0433.v1

Prevalence of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Alleles in a Lithuanian Cohort of Wheezing Small Children

Edita Poluzioroviene, Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko, Sigita Petraitiene, Arunas Strumila, Adriana Roży, Aneta Zdral, Arunas Valiulis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin deficiency; children; wheeze; SERPINA1; COPD

Online: 4 July 2024 (11:04:00 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0367.v1

Beyond Streptococcus: An essential work-up for differential diagnosis of pediatric chorea

Elisa Rossi, Irene Tardivo, ILARIA CORTESIA, Concetta Strano, Mirella Davitto Bava, Marco Spada, Francesca Torta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: postpump choreoathetosis; pediatric chorea; cardiac surgery; neurological complications.

Online: 3 July 2024 (16:41:22 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0131.v1

Evaluation of Neutralizing Antibodies on Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Japanese Mother-Infant Pairs after COVID-19 Pandemic

Tomohiro Oishi, Daisuke Yoshioka, Sachie Ono, Yuto Yasui, Atsushi Kato, Satoko Ogita, Tomoaki Tokutomi, Mazumi Miura, Takahiro Eitoku, Hideo Enoki, Koichiro Shimoya, Takashi Nakano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Neutralizing antibodies, respiratory syncytial virus, mother,

Online: 2 July 2024 (00:19:32 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1988.v1

Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Alian Fatima, Shahd A. Abuhijleh, Abdul Fatah, Mariam M. Mohsin, Subhranshu Sekhar Kar, Rajani Dube, Biji Thomas George, Manjunatha Goud Bellary Kuruba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Neurodegenerative disorder; Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy; developmental regression; global developmental delay; genetic counseling

Online: 28 June 2024 (02:44:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1046.v1

The Legacy of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Infant and Maternal and Health from an Appalachian Academic Medical Center

Kelsey Haarbauer, Rebecca Burke, M Cody Smith, Audrey N Miller, Patricia N Moran, Alicia A. Moise, Lesley Cottrell, Mark J. Polak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: pre-pandemic period; COVID-19 pandemic; post-pandemic period; maternal health; infant heath

Online: 17 June 2024 (08:33:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1055.v1

Early Diagnosis of Children with Neurodevelopment Disorders: A Review of Research with Implications for Applying DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria to Young Children

Mirah Dow, Ting Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; young children; DSM-5; neurodiversity; transdiagnosis

Online: 17 June 2024 (07:57:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0945.v1

The Future of Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis: Liquid Biopsy May Hold the Key

Kasturi Markandran, Kristine Nicole Mendoza Clemente, Elena Tan, Karan Attal, Qiao Zhi Chee, Christine Cheung, Ching Kit Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Kawasaki disease; circulating endothelial cells; cell-free DNA; diagnostics; translational medicine; liquid biopsy

Online: 14 June 2024 (02:47:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0898.v1

Predicting Mortality from Fungemia in Pediatric Intensive Care: A New Model Using Candida Score and Key Risk Factors

Khouloud Abdulrahman Al-Sofyani, Mohammed Shahab Uddin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: ; fungemia; pediatric intensive care; Candida Score; mortality; random forests; predictive value ;

Online: 13 June 2024 (07:34:16 CEST)

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Introduction: The escalating morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs associated with invasive candidiasis pose significant challenges in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Conventional diagnostic methods fall short in effectiveness, while various risk factors exacerbate the prevalence of these infections. This study introduces a novel model that amalgamates the Candida Score with key predictors to enhance the specificity and applicability of mortality risk assessments for pediatric patients with fungemia. Methods: This retrospective cohort study aimed to develop an integrated model for estimating mortality risk in children with fungemia in PICUs. We constructed and evaluated multiple predictive models using the Candida Score and other relevant clinical and laboratory variables. The discriminative abilities of the models were assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: The study cohort comprised 85 pediatric patients admitted between 2016 and 2020, with a median age of 6 months and a male predominance of 62.4%. The mortality rate was 45.9%. Candida albicans was the most prevalent causative agent, accounting for 37.55% of fungemia cases. Multivariable Logistic regression revealed the duration of mechanical ventilation, and the Candida Score were significant predictors of mortality. Each additional day of ventilation increased mortality odds by 11.5% (OR = 1.115, 95% CI: 1.025-1.212, p = 0.011), while a higher Candida Score more than doubled the odds (OR = 2.205, 95% CI: 1.359-3.578, p = 0.001).The Random Forest predictive model demonstrated superior discriminative performance, with an AUC of 0.838 (95% CI: 0.738-0.917), outperforming Gradient Boosting and Logistic Regression models, which had AUCs of 0.7759 (95% CI: 0.667-0.877) and 0.7085 (95% CI: 0.589-0.813), respectively. Although the internal validation yielded satisfactory results, external validation is warranted. Conclusion: This study presents an innovative approach for accurately assessing the risk of mortality due to fungemia in PICU patients by integrating the Candida Score with critical predictors. The Random Forest model emerged as the most effective predictive tool due to its exceptional discriminative ability.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0736.v1

Van Wyk Grumbach Syndrome and Gonadectomy

Abril Adriana Arellano-Llamas, Alvaro Hernández-Caballero, Efrén Delgado-Mendoza, Manuel Alejandro Catalán Ruíz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Puberty, Precocious; Ovarian ; Cysts; gonadectomy; Van Wyk Grumbach Syndrome

Online: 12 June 2024 (00:11:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0453.v1

Nasal High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Use in Romanian Neonatal Intensive Care Units – Results of a Recent Survey

MARIA LIVIA OGNEAN, Anca Bivoleanu, Manuela Cucerea, Radu Galiș, Ioana Rosca, Monica Surdu, Silvia Maria Stoicescu, Rangasamy Ramanathan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Nasal High Frequency Ventilation; Noninvasive Ventilation; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Newborn; Respiratory Distress

Online: 7 June 2024 (08:24:58 CEST)

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Nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) has emerged as an effective initial and rescue noninvasive respiratory support mode for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Multiple noninvasive respiratory support modes are currently available in Romania, but little is known about nHFOV use in Romanian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). We aimed to identify the usage extent and clinical application of nHFOV in Romania. A structured web-based questionnaire was designed to find the rate of nHFOV use and knowledge of this new method of noninvasive respiratory support in Romanian level III NICUs. The questionnaire was addressed to the leaders of all level III Romanian NICUs. Using multiple-choice, open-ended, and yes/no questions, we collected information on the NICU’s size, noninvasive respiratory support modes used, nHFOV use, indications, settings, nasal interfaces, secondary effects, and equipment used. Descriptive statistics and comparisons were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0. A total of 21/23 (91.3%) leaders from level III NICUs (median [IQR] number of beds of 10 [10-17.5]) responded to the survey. The most frequently used noninvasive ventilation modes were CPAP mode on mechanical ventilators (76.2%), followed by NIPPV (76.2%), heated, humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) (61.9%), and nHFOV (11/21 units; 52.4%); 5/11 units reported frequent nHFOV use (in 2 or more newborns/month) in both term and preterm infants. The main indications reported for nHFOV use were CPAP failure (90.9%), hypercapnia (81.8%), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (72.7%). 10/11 units reported setting a mean airway pressure (MAP) equal to the CPAP level plus 1-2 cmH₂O on rescue nHFOV after CPAP failure. Both dedicated equipment (45.5%) and hybrid ventilators (63.6%) were used for nHFOV delivery, with face/nasal masks and short binasal prongs being the most commonly used nasal interfaces (90.9% and 72.7%, respectively). Air leaks at the interface level (90.9%), thick secretions (81.8%), and airway obstruction (63.6%) were the most frequently mentioned adverse effects of nHFOV; none of the units mentioned pneumothorax as an adverse effect. Only 3 of the NICUs had a written protocol for nHFOV use. Initial, minimum, and maximum amplitude and initial and minimum MAP settings used were significantly higher with hybrid ventilators as compared to dedicated equipment (p<0.05). Most units not yet using nHFOV cited lack of equipment, experience, training, or insufficient information and evidence for the clinical use and outcome of nHFOV use in neonates as the main reasons for not implementing this noninvasive respiratory mode. Our survey showed that nHFOV is already used in more than half of the Romanian level III NICUs to support term and preterm infants with respiratory distress despite a lack of consensus regarding indications and settings during nHFOV. A need for training for nHFOV use was identified, and efforts are needed at the national level to develop courses and training sessions, including using simulation workshops, to offer more information on optimal nHFOV use in clinical practice.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0333.v1

Unveiling Respiratory Muscle Strength in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Beyond Spirometry and Nutritional Impact

Mine Yüksel Kalyoncu, Yasemin Gökdemir, Cansu Yılmaz Yeğit, Mürüvvet Yanaz, Ainur Gulieva, Merve Selçuk, Şeyda Karabulut, Neval Metin Çakar, Pınar Ergenekon, Ela Erdem Eralp, Gülten Öztürk, Olcay Unver, Dilsad Turkdogan, Yavuz Sahbat, Ahmet Hamdi Akgülle, Fazilet Karakoç, Bülent Karadag

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; sniff nasal inspiratory pressure; supine spirometry; diaphragm

Online: 6 June 2024 (07:44:26 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0040.v2

Does the esv3587290 Copy-Number Variation in the VANGL1 Gene Differ as a Genetic Factor for Developing Nephritis in Mexican Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients?

MIGUEL ANGEL ALCÁNTARA-ORTIGOZA, Ana Luisa Rodríguez-Lozano, Bernardette Estandía-Ortega, Ariadna González-del Angel, Luisa Díaz-García, Francisco Eduardo Rivas-Larrauri, Ruth Guadalupe Nájera-Velázquez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus; lupus nephritis; VANGL1 gene; DNA copy-number variation; Mexican population

Online: 5 June 2024 (08:25:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1919.v1

Under-Five Mortality and Associated Risk Factors in Children Hospitalized at David Bernardino Pediatric Hospital (DBPH), Angola: A Hierarchical Approach

Israel Avelino, Joaquim Van-Dúnem, Luís Varandas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: under-five mortality; hierarchical approach; risk factors; case-control studies; hospitalization; logistic regression

Online: 29 May 2024 (07:47:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1828.v1

Enhancing Early Detection of Sepsis in Neonates through Multimodal Biosignal Integration: A Study of Pulse Oximetry, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), and Skin Temperature Monitoring

Nicoleta Lungu, Daniela-Eugenia Popescu, Ana Maria Cristina Jura, Mihaela Zaharie, Mihai-Andrei Jura, Ioana Roșca, Mărioara Boia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal sepsis; biosignals; early detection; preterm newborn; pulse oximetry; NIRS; skin temperature; non-invasive monitoring; devices; health monitoring

Online: 28 May 2024 (11:26:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0889.v1

Voice as a Biomarker of Pediatric Health: A Scoping Review

Hannah Paige Rogers, Anne Hseu, Jung Kim, Elizabeth Silberholz, Stacy Jo, Anna Dorste, Kathy Jenkins

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: artificial intelligence; machine learning; pediatric health; vocal biomarkers

Online: 14 May 2024 (05:04:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0884.v1

Respiratory Symptoms Among Adolescens in Poland: A Study on Cigarette Smokers, E-Cigarette Users, and Dual Users

Paulina Kurdyś-Bykowska, Leon Kośmider, Dawid Konwant, Krystyna Stencel-Gabriel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: adolescent; children; electronic nicotine delivery systems; pulmonary symptoms; e-cigarettes

Online: 13 May 2024 (14:56:42 CEST)

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In recent years, the prevalence of tobacco and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adolescents has raised significant public health concerns worldwide. This study aims to investigate respiratory symptoms among Polish adolescents. We conducted an online survey among Polish school students from all provinces, collecting data over two months in Spring 2021. Students voluntarily complete the anonymous survey, answering questions about respiratory symptoms, smoking habits (both traditional and electronic cigarettes), and demographic information. Analysis focused on four subgroups: non-tobacco users, traditional cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, and dual users, totaling 10,388 pupils aged 12-18 years, predominantly attending secondary technical and comprehensive schools. A total of 10388 pupils participated in the study, 55.6 % (5778) of whom were girls and 44.4 % (4610) boys. Adolescents, who admitted using both e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes experienced more frequent episodes of cough during the day (39.70%) and at night (18.40%) compared to their peers in other groups. Chest discomfort, including pain and pressure, was also reported more often by adolescents, who used e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes concurrently (27.60%) compared to their peers in other groups. Chest pressure was experienced less commonly by non-smoking adolescents (14.40%) than by smokers (18.90%). Higher severity of cough during the day and at night was observed in the group of adolescents using traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes concurrently compared to the other groups. The adolescents in the dual user group experienced more severe dyspnoea and wheezing compared to the other groups included in the comparison. The results of this study confirm the correlation between the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in adolescents who smoke cigarettes, use e-cigarettes and in dual users. The respiratory symptoms occur most frequently and are the most severe in the group of adolescents who use e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0487.v1

Safety and Tolerability of Continuous Inhaled Iloprost Therapy for Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in Neonates and Infants

Amit V Krishnan, Victoria Freniere, Rakesh Sahni, Diana P Vargas Chaves, Sankaran S Krishnan, Dimitrios Savva, Usha S Krishnan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Continuous Iloprost; Pulmonary Hypertension; neonate; infant; outcome

Online: 8 May 2024 (16:07:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0151.v1

Antibiotic Analgesic-Sedative and Antiseizure Medications Frequently Used in Critically Ill Neonates: A Narrative Review

Angeliki Kontou, Eleni Agakidou, Ilias Chatziioannidis, William Chotas, Evanthia Thomaidou, Kosmas Sarafidis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal infections; sepsis; antibiotics; antifungal; analgesics; sedatives; seizures; medications; pharmacokinetics; neonatal pain; preterm infants

Online: 3 May 2024 (11:22:30 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0091.v1

Reversal of Autism among Dizygotic Twins through a Personalized Lifestyle and Environmental Modification Approach: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Christopher R. D’Adamo, Josephine L. Nelson, Sara N. Miller, Maria Rickert Hong, Elizabeth Lambert, Heather Tallman Ruhm

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: autism spectrum disorders (ASD); dizygotic twins; total allostatic load; functional medicine; environmental medicine; lifestyle medicine; root-cause medicine

Online: 2 May 2024 (12:04:35 CEST)

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The prevalence of autism has been increasing at an alarming rate. Even accounting for the expansion of autism spectrum disorder diagnostic (ASD) criteria throughout the 1990’s, there has been an over 300% increase in ASD prevalence since the year 2000. The often debilitating personal, familial, and societal sequelae of autism are generally believed to be lifelong. However, there have been several encouraging case reports demonstrating reversal of autism diagnoses with a therapeutic focus on addressing the environmental and modifiable lifestyle factors believed to be largely underlying the condition. This case report describes the reversal of autism among dizygotic, female twin toddlers and provides a review of related literature describing associations between modifiable lifestyle factors, environmental exposures, and various clinical approaches to treating autism. The twins were diagnosed with Level 3 severity ASD “requiring very substantial support” at approximately 20 months of age following concerns of limited verbal and non-verbal communication, repetitive behaviors, rigidity around transitions, and extensive gastrointestinal symptoms, among other common symptoms. A parent-driven, multidisciplinary, therapeutic intervention involving a variety of licensed clinicians focusing primarily on addressing environmental and modifiable lifestyle factors was personalized to each of the twin’s symptoms, labs, and other outcome measures. Dramatic improvements were noted within several months in most domains of the twins’ symptoms, which was manifested in reductions of Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) scores from 76 to 32 in one of the twins and from 43 to 4 in the other twin. The improvement in symptoms and ATEC scores has remained relatively stable for six months at last assessment. While prospective studies are required, this case offers further encouraging evidence of ASD reversal through a personalized, multidisciplinary approach focusing predominantly on addressing environmental and lifestyle risk factors.

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0040.v1

Does the esv3587290 Copy-Number Variation in the VANGL1 Gene Differ as a Genetic Factor for Developing Nephritis in Mexican versus European Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients?

MIGUEL ANGEL ALCÁNTARA-ORTIGOZA, Ana Luisa Rodríguez-Lozano, Bernardette Estandía-Ortega, Ariadna González-del Angel, Luisa Díaz-García, Francisco Eduardo Rivas-Larrauri, Ruth Guadalupe Nájera-Velázquez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus; lupus nephritis; VANGL1 gene; DNA copy-number variation; Mexican population

Online: 1 May 2024 (05:05:57 CEST)

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A ~3-kb deletion-type DNA copy-number variation (CNV, esv3587290) located at intron 7 of the VANGL1 gene (1p13.1, MIM*610132) has been proposed as a genetic factor for developing lupus nephritis (LN) in adult systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients across European-descent populations, but its replication in other ethnicities has been inconsistent and its association with LN in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) remains unknown. Here, we performed an exploratory association study in a sample of 66 unrelated cSLE Mexican patients (11 males, 55 females; ages 7.8 to 18.6 years). Two stratified groups were compared: cSLE patients with (N=37) or without (N=29) LN, as diagnosed by renal biopsy (N=15), proteinuria (N=33), urinary protein:creatinine ratio >0.2 (N=34), and erythrocyturia and/or granular casts in urinary sediment (N=16). For esv3587290 CNV genotyping, we performed an end-point PCR assay with breakpoint confirmation by Sanger sequencing. We also determined the allelic frequencies of the esv3587290 CNV in 181 deidentified ethnically-matched individuals (reference group). The obtained genotypes were tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) by 2 test. Associations between LN and esv3587290 CNV were tested by calculating the Odds Ratio (OR) and using Pearson's 2 tests with a 95% confidence interval and p≤0.05. Contrary to the results described in European-descent populations, the esv3587290 CNV showed a significant protective effect against LN development (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.066-0.31, p≤0.05), whereas the wild-type homozygous VANGL1 genotype showed a risk trend for LN development (OR 2.15, 95% CI 0.7711-6.18, p≤0.05). Finally, we characterized the precise breakpoint of the esv3587290 CNV as NG_016548.1(NM_138959.3):c.1314+1339_1315-897del (https://databases.lovd.nl/shared/variants/0000918418#00025811) in our population. This report supports the notion that a broad genetic heterogeneity underlies the susceptibility for developing LN.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1937.v1

A Comprehensive Review of MAV/06 Varicella Vaccines: Safety, Immunogenicity, and Effectiveness

Younchul Shin, Hyunji Ryu, Gwanglok Kim, Shinha Yang, Jaewoo Lee, BongKyoo Choi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: varicella; MAV/06 strain; cost-effective vaccine; safety; immunogenicity; vaccine coverage

Online: 29 April 2024 (16:52:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1676.v1

Diagnostic Performance Of Ultrasonography In Biliary Atresia- A Test Accuracy Meta-analysis

Dev Desai, Hussein Al-azzawi, Hetvi Shah, Abhijay Shah, Raj Barot, Dwija Raval

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: biliary atresia, USG, diagnosis, meta-analysis, Index test, Reference standard

Online: 25 April 2024 (12:03:06 CEST)

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Introduction: Biliary Atresia (BA) is a common cause of neonatal cholestatic jaundice which, if recognized and treated early, can be life-saving for the infant. If the liver biopsy suggests the presence of BA, exploratory laparotomy is then carried out to confirm the diagnosis, along with the Kasai procedure to provide drainage to the bile secreted by the liver. The purpose of this study is to get a deep dive into all the various imaging modalities that can diagnose BA more effectively and with absolute certitude, thus helping prevent several children from a grave prognosis.Methodology: For the collection of the data, a search was done by two individuals using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases for all relevant literature. Each qualifying paper was evaluated independently by two reviewers. Each article was analyzed for the number of patients, their age, procedure modality, complexity of ethology, and incidence of the pre-decided complications. The statistical software packages RevMan (Review Manager, version 5.3), SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20), Google Sheets, and Excel in Stata 14 were used to perform the statistical analyses. The data was obtained and entered into analytic software.Results: A total of 39 studies with 3,679 subjects were selected for the study, out of which 7 studies showed sensitivity above or equal to 95%, and an astounding 14 studies showed specificity above 95%. The value of True Positive (TP) was 1280, that of True Negative (TN) was 1817, that of False Positive (FP) was 239, and that of False Negative (FN) was 343. With a confidence interval of 95%, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values were calculated. The sensitivity of Ultrasonography for Biliary Atresia is 0.79, with a CI of 95% in a range of 0.77 to 0.81. The specificity of Ultrasonography for Biliary Atresia is 0.88, with a CI of 95% in a range of 0.87 to 0.90. Conclusion: Even though several radiological techniques at present help to detect BA, USG of the abdomen proves to be an effective diagnostic and a modest screening test for the detection of BA.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1642.v1

Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Emergency Medicine: Applications, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Lorenzo Di Sarno, Anya Caroselli, Giovanna Tonin, Benedetta Graglia, Valeria Pansini, Francesco Andrea Causio, Antonio Gatto, Antonio Chiaretti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: artificial intelligence; machine learning; pediatrics; deep learning; pediatric emergency medicine

Online: 25 April 2024 (09:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1542.v1

Attitudes of Healthcare Professionals in an Autonomous Community in Spain towards Paediatric Influenza Vaccination

Jaime Jesús Pérez-Martín, Antonio Iofrío de Arce, Matilde Zornoza-Moreno

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Influenza vaccines; Healthcare professional; Attitude of Healthcare professional; intramuscular vaccine; Inhaled vaccine

Online: 24 April 2024 (07:26:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1550.v1

Non-syndromic and Syndromic Defects in Children with Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors (eGCT): Data of 2,610 Children Registered with the German MAKEI 96/MAHO 98 Registry Compared to the General Population

Judit Schultewolter, Anke K. Rißmann, Dietrich Von Schweinitz, Michael Frühwald, Claudia Blattmann, Lars Fischer, Bjoern Soenke Lange, Rüdiger Wessalowski, Birgit Fröhlich, Wolfgang Behnisch, Irene Schmid, Harald Reinhard, Matthias Duerken, Patrick Hundsdoerfer, Martin Heimbrodt, Christian Vokuhl, Stefan Schönberger, Dominik T. Schneider, Guido Seitz, Ulrich Göbel, Rüdiger Von Kries, Heiko M. Reutter, Gabriele Calaminus

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: germ cell tumor; syndrome; non-syndromic defect

Online: 23 April 2024 (16:59:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1448.v1

Protein Bioengineering of a Crucial Biopharmaceutical for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: Improving Toxicogical, Immune and Inflammatory Responses to Asparaginase

Grace Verónica Ruiz Lara, Tales Alexandre Costa-Silva, Jorge Javier Muso Cachumba, Johanna Cevallos-Espinel, Marina Gabriel Fontes, Mitla Garcia-Maya, Khondaker Miraz Rahman, CARLOTA OLIVEIRA RANGEL-YAGUI, Gisele Monteiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: E. coli asparaginase; bioengineer; leukaemia; nonclinical assays

Online: 22 April 2024 (18:07:38 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1381.v1

Use and Abuse of Antibiotics in Latin American Neonatal Units in the EpicLatino Database Eight Years of Experience

Angela B. Hoyos, Ariel Salas, Horacio Osiovich, Carlos A. Fajardo, Martha Baez, Luis Monterrosa, Carolina Villegas Alvarez, Fernando Aguinaga, Maria Ines Martinini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Antibiotic use in neonatal units; preterm infants; EpicLatino database

Online: 22 April 2024 (10:29:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1219.v1

Impact of lowering TSH cut-off on neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Nathalia Teixeira Palla Braga, Jáderson Mateus Vilela Antunes, Enrico Antônio Colosimo, Vera Maria Alves Dias, José Nélio Januário, Ivani Novato Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: congenital hypothyroidism; neonatal screening; cut-off; sensitivity.

Online: 18 April 2024 (11:14:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1122.v1

Electronic Heart (ECG) Monitoring at Birth and Newborn Resuscitation

Sarah Mende, Syed Ahmed, Lise DeShea, Edgardo Szyld, Birju A. Shah

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: electrocardiogram; heart rate; neonatal resuscitation

Online: 17 April 2024 (08:33:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1077.v1

Impact of Nutrient Intake on Body Composition in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Following Early Progressive Enteral Feeding

Rasa Brinkis, Kerstin Albertsson-Wikland, Kastytis Šmigelskas, Aurika Vanckavičienė, Ilona Aldakauskienė, Rasa Tamelienė, Rasa Verkauskienė

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: preterm; very low birth weight; newborn; nutrient intake; body composition; dual X-ray absorptiometry

Online: 16 April 2024 (15:51:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0882.v1

Acute Kidney Disease following Acute Kidney Injury in Children—A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study on Risk Factors and Outcomes

Flavia Chisavu, Lazar Chisavu, Viviana Ivan, Adalbert Schiller, Adelina Mihaescu, Luciana Marc, Ramona Stroescu, Ruxandra Maria Steflea, Mihai Gafencu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: acute kidney disease; children; mortality; chronic kidney disease

Online: 15 April 2024 (04:46:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0777.v1

Pro-Inflammatory Biomarkers and Long Term Neurological Outcomes in Hypothermia Plus Melatonin Treated Newborns. A Pilot Clinical Trial

Antonio Jerez-Calero, Francisco Contreras-Chova, Angela Benitez-Feliponi, Hatim Azaryah, Jose Antonio Hurtado-Suazo, M. Fernanda Moreno-Galdó, Antonio Molina-Carballo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy; therapeutic hypothermia; pro-inflammatory biomarkers; cytokines; melatonin; neurodevelopment ;

Online: 11 April 2024 (07:29:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0470.v1

From Detection to Action: A Retrospective Analysis on the Impact of Screening for Congenital Heart Disease in the NICU

Ioana Roșca, Daniela-Eugenia Popescu, Ana Maria Cristina Jura, Alina Turenschi, Cristina Filip, Alexandru Dinulescu, Andreea Teodora Constantin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: congenital heart disease; neonatology; prenatal diagnosis; parent support; neonatal intensive care unit; pulse oximetry; screening; echocardiography

Online: 7 April 2024 (10:34:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0351.v1

Impact of Early Surfactant Administration on Ductus Arteriosus Assessed at 24 Hours in Preterm Neonates Less than 32 Weeks of Gestational Age

Manuela Cucerea, Mihaela Moscalu, Maria-Livia Ognean, Amalia Fagarasan, Daniela Toma, Raluca Marian, Madalina Anciuc-Crauciuc, Andreea Racean, Zsuzsanna Gall, Marta Simon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: surfactant; ductus arteriosus; echographic parameters; preterm infants

Online: 4 April 2024 (17:50:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0155.v1

Urinary L-FABP as an Early Biomarker for Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Bruno Wilnes, Beatriz Castello-Branco, Bárbara Castello Branco, André Sanglard, Pedro Alves Soares Vaz de Castro, Ana Cristina Simões e Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: acute kidney injury; cardiac surgery; pediatrics; cardiopulmonary bypass; biomarkers; Liver-type Fatty Acid-binding Protein

Online: 2 April 2024 (09:03:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0061.v1

Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants Born <26 weeks Gestation Before and After Implementation of a Nutrition Care Bundle

Giulia Res, Rosine F Bishara, Paige Terrien Church, Rena Rosenthal, Rita Maria Bishara, Annie Dupuis, Elizabeth Azstalos, Rudaina Banihani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Growth; neurodevelopmental outcomes; micro-preterm; nutrition bundle

Online: 1 April 2024 (12:24:33 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1744.v1

Exploring Trends in Neonatal Mortality among Infants ≤ 32 weeks Gestational Age at Birth in Latin America and the Caribbean units using the EpicLatino Network Database Compared to Canadian Neonatal Network 2022

Angela Hoyos, Ariel Salas, Horacio Osiovich, Carlos Fajardo, Martha Baez, Luis Monterrosa, Carolina Villegas Alvarez, Fernando Aguinaga, Maria Ines Martinini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Neonatal mortality; VLBW infants; EpicLatino; Canadian Neonatal Network; Latin America

Online: 28 March 2024 (15:32:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1513.v1

Efficacy of Polyhexamethylene Biguanide (Polyhexanide or PHMB) in Pediatric Superficial Partial-Thickness Burns: Outcomes and Influencing Factors

Aba Lőrincz, Hermann Nudelman, Anna Gabriella Lamberti, András Garami, Krisztina Adrienne Tiborcz, Tamás Zoltán Kovács, Gergő Józsa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Pediatric; Child; Partial-thickness; Second-degree; Burn; PHMB; Polyhexanide; Polyhexamethylen Biguanide

Online: 26 March 2024 (11:56:58 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1397.v1

Changing the Nomenclature of Duct Dependent Lesions from Duct Dependent Pulmonary and Systemic to Duct Dependent Oxygenation and Perfusion

Antoine AbdelMassih, Acsah George, Dima Mohammad, Fazeela Ansari, Soumya Prachith

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Nomenclature of duct dependent lesions; Duct-dependent perfusion and oxygenation

Online: 23 March 2024 (09:35:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1265.v1

Red Code Management in Pediatric Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study

Serena Bertone, Marco Denina, Manuela Pagano, Angelo Giovanni Delmonaco, Emanuele Castagno, Claudia Bondone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: red code; emergency department; diagnostic pathways

Online: 21 March 2024 (04:10:56 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1033.v1

Analysis of Cell Immunity for Children Infected with COVID-19 and Those Vaccinated against COVID-19 Using T-SPOT®.COVID

Tomohiro Oishi, Yuto Yasui, Atsushi Kato, Satoko Ogita, Takahiro Eitoku, Hideo Enoki, Takashi Nakano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: cell immunity; COVID-19; children; T-Spot®

Online: 19 March 2024 (02:25:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0867.v1

Missed or Delayed Diagnosis of Heart Disease by the General Pediatrician

Ageliki A Karatza, Sotirios Fouzas, Despoina Gkentzi, Eirini Kostopoulou, Nikoleta Oikonomou, Gabriel Dimitriou, Xenophon Sinopidis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: congenital heart disease; acquired heart disease; children; diagnostic errors; missed diagnosis; delayed diagnosis; primary care pediatrician

Online: 17 March 2024 (16:01:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0852.v1

Balloon Valvuloplasty In Congenital Critical Aortic Valve Stenosis – A Rescue Procedure For The Left Ventricle

Jochen Pfeifer, Axel Rentzsch, Martin Poryo, Hashim Abdul-Khaliq

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: critical aortic valve stenosis; transcatheter balloon valvuloplasty; retrieval loop; neonate; cardiogenic shock; left ventricular dysfunction

Online: 14 March 2024 (15:16:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0830.v1

Placental Lesions in Birth Asphyxia and Hypoxic-Ischemic Syndrome

Andreea Calomfirescu-Avramescu, Ceaușelu Luminița, Mihaela Demetrian, Vlad Dima, Anca Balanescu, Paul Balanescu, Andrada Mirea, Adrian Ioan Toma, Crenguta Sorina Serboiu, Oana Maria Patrascu, Al Jashi Isam, Ioan Gherghina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: birth asphyxia; hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy; placental lesions

Online: 14 March 2024 (10:23:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1717.v2

Reintroduction of Legacy Antibiotics in Neonatal Sepsis. The Special Role of Fosfomycin and Colistin

Maria Baltogianni, Niki Dermitzaki, Chrysoula Kosmeri, Anastasios Serbis, Foteini Balomenou, Vasileios Giapros

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal sepsis; antimicrobial resistance; repurposed antibiotics; Colistin; Fosfomycin

Online: 14 March 2024 (06:00:58 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0678.v1

Pediatric Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: A Comprehensive Exploration of Clinical Implications and Diagnostic Strategies

Matjaž Kopač

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: voiding disorders; urinary incontinence; lower urinary tract; children; voiding diary; urodynamics

Online: 12 March 2024 (08:09:39 CET)

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Medicine and Pharmacology