Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Kinematics of balls and light versus theory of special relativity

Version 1 : Received: 27 February 2024 / Approved: 5 March 2024 / Online: 5 March 2024 (06:44:45 CET)

How to cite: Dambi, F. Kinematics of balls and light versus theory of special relativity. Preprints 2024, 2024030218. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0218.v1 Dambi, F. Kinematics of balls and light versus theory of special relativity. Preprints 2024, 2024030218. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0218.v1

Abstract

The study of emission, propagation, and reflection of balls in Newtonian mechanics, employing the laws of conservation of momentum and energy when the mass of balls converges to zero, concludes that the kinematics of light is like that of massless balls. The kinematics of light explains why light speed is the constant in each inertial frame in which the light source and reflective mirror are at rest, why the laws of physics have the same form in each inertial frame, and why any experiment in an inertial frame cannot prove the motion of that the other inertial frame. The theory of special relativity misapplies symmetry observed in phenomena to two inertial frames; therefore, it duplicates a physics phenomenon from one inertial frame, considered stationary, into another. Moreover, Lorentz’s transformation offers light speed at the constant in the moving and opposite direction of the inertial frame but is variable in any other direction. Therefore, the theory of special relativity rejects itself with these unacceptable conclusions.

Keywords

kinematic of balls; kinematics of light; geometrical optics; emission of light; dragging of light; propagation of light; reflection of light; speed of light; observation of light; dragging of light by moving mediums; Lorentz’s transformation; special relativity

Subject

Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics

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