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Molecular Mechanisms of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, LGG® Probiotic Function
Version 1
: Received: 26 February 2024 / Approved: 28 February 2024 / Online: 28 February 2024 (12:22:59 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Leser, T.; Baker, A. Molecular Mechanisms of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, LGG® Probiotic Function. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 794. Leser, T.; Baker, A. Molecular Mechanisms of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, LGG® Probiotic Function. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 794.
Abstract
To advance probiotic research, a comprehensive understanding of bacterial interactions with human physiology at the molecular and cellular levels is fundamental. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG® is a bacterial strain that has long been recognized for its beneficial effects on human health. Probiotic effector molecules derived from LGG®, including secreted proteins, surface-anchored proteins, polysaccharides, and lipoteichoic acids, that interact with host physiological processes have been identified. In vitro and animal studies have revealed that specific LGG® effector molecules stimulate epithelial cell survival, preserve intestinal barrier integrity, reduce oxidative stress, mitigate excessive mucosal inflammation, enhance IgA secretion, and provide long-term protection through epigenetic imprinting. Pili on the cell surface of LGG® promote adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and ensure close contact to host cells. Extracellular vesicles produced by LGG® recapitulate many of these effects through their cargo of effector molecules. Collectively, the effector molecules of LGG® exert a significant influence on both the gut mucosa and immune system, that promotes intestinal homeostasis and immune tolerance.
Keywords
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; LGG®; effector molecules; proteins; pili; homeostasis; tolerance
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biology and Biotechnology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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