Version 1
: Received: 11 November 2023 / Approved: 13 November 2023 / Online: 13 November 2023 (11:52:05 CET)
How to cite:
Arumugam, K.; M, C.; G R, B.; S, G.; H, P.R.; S, K. A Comprehensive Study of Renal Angiography in Dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease. Preprints2023, 2023110812. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0812.v1
Arumugam, K.; M, C.; G R, B.; S, G.; H, P.R.; S, K. A Comprehensive Study of Renal Angiography in Dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease. Preprints 2023, 2023110812. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0812.v1
Arumugam, K.; M, C.; G R, B.; S, G.; H, P.R.; S, K. A Comprehensive Study of Renal Angiography in Dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease. Preprints2023, 2023110812. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0812.v1
APA Style
Arumugam, K., M, C., G R, B., S, G., H, P.R., & S, K. (2023). A Comprehensive Study of Renal Angiography in Dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0812.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Arumugam, K., Pushkin Raj H and Kavitha S. 2023 "A Comprehensive Study of Renal Angiography in Dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0812.v1
Abstract
Renal angiogram is a promising tool for diagnosing renal vasculature and structural alterations in renal diseases. In renal diseases, the vascular changes were observed earlier than the structural and other changes. However, the literature on angiograms in kidney diseases was limited. Six client-owned dogs with chronic kidney diseases with International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stage II and III were selected for this study. Under general anesthesia, the femoral arterial catheterization was performed. With a Cobra (C2) catheter, Iohexol saline (50:50) was administered to evaluate the vascular changes of Renal failure, using selective and non-selective angiograms. The procedures were completed successfully with minimal complications. Serum biochemistry and urine protein creatinine ratio were estimated sequentially and quality of life was monitored. Due to contrast agent complications, a dog died within 14 days and necropsy was conducted. Though the renal angiogram has complications, it is a reliable tool for the diagnosis of vasculature changes associated with kidney diseases, in veterinary medicine.
Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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