Version 1
: Received: 11 September 2023 / Approved: 29 September 2023 / Online: 16 October 2023 (09:09:17 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 22 November 2023 / Approved: 22 November 2023 / Online: 22 November 2023 (14:24:54 CET)
How to cite:
Molenaar, P.A. Long COVID: A Chronic Shortage of Blood. Pathophysiology and Treatment Proposal. Preprints2023, 2023092109. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2109.v2
Molenaar, P.A. Long COVID: A Chronic Shortage of Blood. Pathophysiology and Treatment Proposal. Preprints 2023, 2023092109. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2109.v2
Molenaar, P.A. Long COVID: A Chronic Shortage of Blood. Pathophysiology and Treatment Proposal. Preprints2023, 2023092109. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2109.v2
APA Style
Molenaar, P.A. (2023). Long COVID: A Chronic Shortage of Blood. Pathophysiology and Treatment Proposal. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2109.v2
Chicago/Turabian Style
Molenaar, P.A. 2023 "Long COVID: A Chronic Shortage of Blood. Pathophysiology and Treatment Proposal" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2109.v2
Abstract
My hypothesis is that the signs and symptoms of Long COVID can be explained by a shortage of blood in the body and a resulting deficient blood flow through nearly all organs. This shortage arises through damage to the blood-producing organs during the acute phase, while the breakdown of blood continues as normal, after an initial increase. In order to ensure the perfusion of organs that are directly necessary for survival, the body takes the emergency measure of diverting blood from other organs and tissues. The perfusion of the blood-producing organs is also affected by this distribution measure, which hinders the smooth recovery of the total blood volume. The body is stuck in this vicious circle: a shortage of circulating blood hinders the recovery of blood production. This explains the long duration of Long COVID. My proposed treatment of Long COVID focuses on the recovery of the correct volume of blood in the body of the right composition by the very careful administration of donor blood products under continuous expert supervision. A trial treatment can be performed in any hospital without much additional preparations, and has a lower associated risk for the patient than analysing the total blood. A diagnosis ex juvantibus, by therapeutic response, is therefore preferable, and will result in the healing process starting earlier. Indications in blood laboratory values of a shortage of blood are a high serum ferritin due to internal breakdown of blood and values for haematocrit and albumin at reciprocal extremes of the reference ranges due to a stagnation of blood production.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
