Ramírez-Chavarría, R.G.; Pérez-Pacheco, A.; Terán, E.; Quispe-Siccha, R.M. Study of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels Applying Physical-Mechanical Methods and Dynamic Models of Photoacoustic Signals. Gels2023, 9, 727.
Ramírez-Chavarría, R.G.; Pérez-Pacheco, A.; Terán, E.; Quispe-Siccha, R.M. Study of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels Applying Physical-Mechanical Methods and Dynamic Models of Photoacoustic Signals. Gels 2023, 9, 727.
Ramírez-Chavarría, R.G.; Pérez-Pacheco, A.; Terán, E.; Quispe-Siccha, R.M. Study of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels Applying Physical-Mechanical Methods and Dynamic Models of Photoacoustic Signals. Gels2023, 9, 727.
Ramírez-Chavarría, R.G.; Pérez-Pacheco, A.; Terán, E.; Quispe-Siccha, R.M. Study of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels Applying Physical-Mechanical Methods and Dynamic Models of Photoacoustic Signals. Gels 2023, 9, 727.
Abstract
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the physico-mechanical properties and dynamic models of tissue-simulating hydrogels, specifically the photoacoustic (PA) response signals, by varying the concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and molecular weight (MW). A state space model (SSM) is proposed to study the PVA hydrogels to retrieve the PA-related signal's damping ratio and nat-ural frequency. Nine box-shaped PVA hydrogels containing saline solution were used, with five concentrations of PVA (7, 9, 12, 15, 20%) for MW1 and four for MW2. The results indicated that the concentration of PVA and MW played an important role in the PA wave's amplitude, arrival time, and speed of sound over the hydrogels. The SSM parameters showed that increasing PVA and MW concentrations improved the hydrogels' ability to absorb and transfer energy under the PA effect. These parameters were also found to be correlated with density and modulus of elasticity. Addi-tionally, the concentrations of PVA and MW affected the absorption and optical scattering coeffi-cients. The physical-mechanical properties, including porosity, density, and modulus of elasticity, improved as the concentration of PVA and MW increased. The ultimate goal of this study is to develop hydrogels as phantoms that can be used for tissue simulation and imaging.
Keywords
Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels; Photoacoustic response signals; State space model; Physi-cal-mechanical properties
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Biomaterials
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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