preprints.org > physical sciences > quantum science and technology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202202.0049.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Version 1 : Received: 31 January 2022 / Approved: 3 February 2022 / Online: 3 February 2022 (10:44:05 CET)

Quantum theory predicts a whole class of non-local phenomena, observable via coincident detection of EPR-type systems. An important feature of these observations is their non-signaling character. Technically, non-local phenomena should only be observable for post-selected sub-ensembles, rather than for complete projections. Otherwise, superluminal telegraphy becomes possible. Yet, a couple of recent Bell experiments reported the observation of quantum non-locality for 100% of the detected events. Does it follow that signaling non-locality is possible? If so, was quantum theory falsified? This puzzle is solved by revisiting the interpretation of the spin projection operator, with special focus on its dual nature (combining spectral decomposition with spectral transformation). “Component switching” is not a loophole, but rather a requirement of quantum mechanics in this context, because sharp spin projections are partial (as well as partially overlapping). Surprisingly, it is possible to pre-select incompatible statistical sub-ensembles with heralded detection and to reveal the same behavior as in post-selected observations. Therefore, Bell experiments confirm the predictions of quantum theory without violating the non-signaling principle.

Bell’s theorem; EPR paradox; quantum entanglement; non-locality.

Physical Sciences, Quantum Science and Technology

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