Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

In vitro Antioxidant Potential Evaluation of Non-Functionalized Fullerenes and Endofullerene

Ivan V. Mikheev
* ORCID logo ,
Madina M. Sozarukova
,
Dmitry Yu. Izmailov
,
Ivan E. Kareev
,
Elena V. Proskurnina
ORCID logo ,
Mikhail A. Proskurnin
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 29 April 2021 / Approved: 3 May 2021 / Online: 3 May 2021 (08:57:39 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 24 May 2021 / Approved: 26 May 2021 / Online: 26 May 2021 (14:19:39 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Mikheev, I.V.; Sozarukova, M.M.; Izmailov, D.Y.; Kareev, I.E.; Proskurnina, E.V.; Proskurnin, M.A. Antioxidant Potential of Aqueous Dispersions of Fullerenes C60, C70, and Gd@C82. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 5838. Mikheev, I.V.; Sozarukova, M.M.; Izmailov, D.Y.; Kareev, I.E.; Proskurnina, E.V.; Proskurnin, M.A. Antioxidant Potential of Aqueous Dispersions of Fullerenes C60, C70, and Gd@C82. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 5838.

Abstract

The antioxidant properties of unmodified aqueous fullerene dispersions (AFD) of C60, C70, Gd@C82 (in μM concentration range) were studied in the model of generation of organic radicals by 2,2’-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP) and luminol. Purification protocols for AFDs are proposed. Based on chemiluminescence (CL) measurements, the concentration-dependent of the CL signal for any AFDs is revealed. Suppression of CL signals is up to 5 times better than Mexidol® antioxidant. The concentration of half-suppression increased in row C60<C70<Gd@C82. We further demonstrated mathematical modeling of the long-term kinetics data for C60, C70, Gd@C82 allowed fitting of CL curves. Kinetic schemes are proposed, and the constants of each reaction are estimated (~n×μM–1min–1). C60, C70, and Gd@C82 exhibit a quenching mechanism that is not an antioxidant effect. For C60 and C70, similar behavior is shown that is not quantitatively different in kinetic modeling. On the contrary, Gd@C82 has a double action: (1) quenching and (2) actual antioxidant action. Estimating quenching constants for all of the AFD types showed the same magnitude. Moreover, the antioxidant activity in Gd@C82 is 300 times greater than in the case of C60 and C70.

Keywords

Fullerene; Endofullerene; Aqueous Fullerene Dispersion; Antioxidant Potential; Kinetic Chemiluminometry

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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