On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature

Jian-Bin Bao; Nicholas P. Bao

doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0703.v4

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preprints.org > physical sciences > quantum science and technology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202012.0703.v4

Preprint Article Version 4 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature

Jian-Bin Bao

^* and

Nicholas P. Bao

Version 1 : Received: 23 December 2020 / Approved: 28 December 2020 / Online: 28 December 2020 (13:15:23 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 20 December 2021 / Approved: 23 December 2021 / Online: 23 December 2021 (15:15:13 CET)
Version 3 : Received: 5 April 2022 / Approved: 7 April 2022 / Online: 7 April 2022 (11:05:53 CEST)
Version 4 : Received: 31 October 2022 / Approved: 4 November 2022 / Online: 4 November 2022 (01:03:50 CET)
Version 5 : Received: 31 December 2022 / Approved: 4 January 2023 / Online: 4 January 2023 (02:26:55 CET)

How to cite: Bao, J.; Bao, N.P. On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature. Preprints 2020, 2020120703. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0703.v4 Bao, J.; Bao, N.P. On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature. Preprints 2020, 2020120703. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0703.v4

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bao, J.; Bao, N.P. On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature. Preprints 2020, 2020120703. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0703.v4

APA Style

Bao, J., & Bao, N.P. (2022). On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0703.v4

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bao, J. and Nicholas P. Bao. 2022 "On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0703.v4

Abstract

There are unsolved problems related to inflation, gravity, dark matter, dark energy, missing antimatter, and the birth of the universe. Some of them can be better answered by assuming the existence of aether and hypoatoms. Both were created during the inflation in the very early universe. While aether forms vacuum, hypoatoms, composed of both matter and antimatter and believed to be neutrinos, form all observable matter. In vacuum, aether exists between the particle-antiparticle dark matter form and the dark energy form in a dynamic equilibrium: A + A-bar = gamma + gamma. The same reaction stabilizes hypoatoms and generates a 3-dimensional sink flow of aether that causes gravity. Based on the hypoatom structure, the singularity does not exist inside a black hole; the core of the black hole is a hypoatom star or neutrino star. By gaining enough mass, ca. 3 X 10²² M_sun, to exceed neutrino degeneracy pressure, the black hole collapses or annihilates into the singularity, thus turning itself into a white hole or a Big Bang. The universe is anisotropic. Its center, or where the Big Bang happened, is at 0.66^+0.03_-0.01 times the radius of the observable universe at Galactic coordinates (l, b) = (286⁺¹⁰_-10, -43⁺⁷_-6). If we look from the Local Group to the center of the universe, the universe is rotating clockwise.

Keywords

aether; hypoatom; neutrino; inflation; gravity; negative pressure; dark energy; dark matter; black hole; spinning universe; quantum mechanics; first galaxies; spin-1/2 particle; matter-antimatter asymmetry; baryogenesis-through-leptogenesis; fabric of space; center of the universe; fate of the universe; general theory of relativity

Subject

Physical Sciences, Quantum Science and Technology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comments (1)

Comment 1

Received: 4 November 2022
Commenter: Jian-Bin Bao
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author

Comment: The new structure includes 3 major sections. The original first paragraph now is the first major section, “INTRODUCTION.” The original first 8 subsections are now under the “THEORY,” and the rest under the “DISCUSSION.”

The newly added are the fourth evidence, Fig. 9, and 2 references. Fig. 5 is slightly modified.

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