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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0403.v1

Using Deficit Irrigation Strategies and Organic Mulches for Improving Yield and Water Productivity of Mango under Dry Environment Conditions

Abdulrahman Alhashimi, Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail, Mustafa H. Hashem, Bakr B. M.M, Waleed M. E. Fekry, Hosny Fathy, Ashraf E. Hamdy, Abdelraouf R.E. Abdelghany, Maher Fathy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Water saving; Energy consumption; Partial root drying; organic mulch; Water productivity; Water stress; Climate change

Online: 6 June 2023 (08:05:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0391.v1

Frequency of Outcrossing and Isolation Distance in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Kedar Nath Adhikari, Lucy Burrows, Abdus Sadeque, Christoher Chong, Brian Cullis, Richard Trethowan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Outcrossing; isolation distance; varietal purity; pollen movement; faba bean pollination

Online: 6 June 2023 (07:04:58 CEST)

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Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a partially outcrossing species requiring an isolation distance to maintain genetic purity when more than one variety is grown in field conditions. This information is crucial for seed growers and faba bean breeders. A study was conducted at the University of Sydney’s Plant Breeding Institute, Narrabri over two years to examine the extent of natural outcrossing using a creamy white flower characteristic as a morphological marker, which is controlled by a single recessive gene. The white flowered genotype (IX225c) was grown in paired rows of 150 m length in four directions from a central 480 m2 plot of the normal flowered genotype PBA Warda. A beehive was placed in the central plot at flowering time and natural pollination was allowed. At maturity, seed samples were taken from the white flowered genotype at designated intervals along each axis and 100 seeds from each sample were grown in the glasshouse/birdcage to the 4-5 leaf stage and the proportion of plants displaying stipule spot pigmentation (normal flower colour and spotted stipule are linked) was used to determine the percentage of outcrossing. Maximum outcrossing of 2.28% occurred where both genotypes were grown side by side (0 m) and the degree of outcrossing decreased as the distance along each axis from the central plot increased. At 6 m distance the outcrossing was less than 1%, however on occasion it increased to 1% beyond a distance of 100 m, indicating the volatile and unpredictable nature of bee flights. Distance had the major effect on outcrossing, but direction and its interaction had no effect. The results suggest that to limit outcrossing to below 0.5%, a distance of more than 150 m between plots of different faba beans cultivars would be required. It also indicated that Australian faba bean genotypes are mostly self-fertile and a relatively narrow isolation distance will ensure self-fertilization in seed production and breeding programs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0337.v1

Developing fermentation liquid of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PMB04 to control bacterial leaf spot of sweet pepper

Fei Wang, Szu-Han Chao, Sabrina Diana Blanco, Chen-Hsuan Tsai, Yung-Yu Yang, Yi-Hsien Lin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: agricultural management; antagonistic activity; fermentation formulation; copper-containing fungicides

Online: 5 June 2023 (14:31:43 CEST)

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Sweet pepper is an important vegetable in the world. Bacterial leaf spot caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas perforans, is a limiting factor that significantly reduces the quality and yield of sweet pepper To control this disease, the use of chemical fungicides is currently the main disease control method. Thus, we want to develop an alternative method by using antagonistic microorganisms. Under this demand, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PMB04 has strong antagonistic effects against pathogens and can inhibit the occurrence of diseases. B. amyloliquefaciens PMB04 has the potential for the development of a disease control product. Primarily, PMB04 revealed to contain a strong inhibitory effect against all isolated X. perforans strains. In the inoculation assay, the severity of bacterial spot disease on sweet peppers was reduced by PMB04 bacterial suspensions. To increase the convenience of field application for future prospects, the development of PMB04 fermentation liquid was carried out with different ratios of brown sugar and yeast extract in a 30-liter fermentation tank subsequently. Results exhibited that the fermentation liquid of 3-1 formula obtained the highest bacterial population in a 30-liter fermentation tank. The fermentation liquid of 0.5-0.5 formula was the most stable formula under two different conditions in terms of consistent bacterial population and sporulation. In addition, the 200-fold dilution of 3-1 and 0.5-0.5 fermentation liquids revealed best control efficacy on bacterial leaf spot of sweet pepper. Additionally, the results of the 0.5-0.5 fermentation liquid (PMB4FL) with different dilution concentrations also showed that the 200- and 500-fold dilutions had the best control efficacy. To understand the effect of commonly used copper-containing fungicides on sweet peppers on the application of microbial agent PMB4FL, the effects of copper hydroxide and tribasic copper sulfate on the growth of X. perforans strains and B. amyloliquefaciens PMB04 were assayed. The results exhibited that the above two fungicides did not have any inhibitory effect on the growth of PMB04, but had a strong inhibitory effect on the X. perforans strain. In the follow-up control experiment, the treatment of copper hydroxide had no synergistic effect with PMB4FL to control bacterial leaf spot. We concluded that the use of PMB4FL fermentation liquid alone on the leaves can effectively control the occurrence of bacterial leaf spot in sweet pepper crops.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0273.v1

Does Precision Technologies Adoption Contribute to the Economic and Agri-Environmental Sustainability of Mediterranean Wheat Production? An Italian Case Study

Adele Finco, Deborah Bentivoglio, Matteo Belletti, Giulia Chiaraluce, Marco Fiorentini, Luigi Ledda, Roberto Orsini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: precision agriculture; durum wheat; Italy; case study; economic impact; agro-environmental impact; sustainability; nitrogen efficiency; profitability

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:32:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0191.v1

Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses Provide Insight Into Maintaining Ion Homeostasis of Sweet Sorghum Under Salt Stress

Huan Guo, Chun-Ya Nie, Zhen Li, Jie Kang, Xiao-Long Wang, Yan-Nong Cui

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: soil salinity; sodium; chloride; ion transporters; transcriptome factors

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:34:36 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0190.v1

Innovative Tools for the Nitrogen Fertilization Traceability of Organic Farming Products

Simona Fabroni, Luana Bontempo, Gabriele Campanelli, Stefano Canali, Francesco Montemurro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: organic horticultural practices and production; chemical metabolites; isotopic ratios; multivariate analysis; chemometrics

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:29:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0123.v1

Generalizability of a Random Forest-based model of maize lodging built with satellite image data and its application to monitoring and evaluating maize lodging risks

Huirong Guo, Bo Ming, Chenwei Nie, Guoqiang Zhang, Hongye Yang, Shang Gao, Beibei Xue, Jiangfeng Xin, Dayun Feng, Biao Jia, Peng Hou, Jun Xue, Ruizhi Xie, Keru Wang, Shaokun Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Sentinel-2 multispectral data; Maize lodging; Random Forest classification; Predictive variables; Model generalizability

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:08:42 CEST)

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Lodging is a common problem in maize production that seriously impacts yield, quality, and the capacity for mechanical harvesting. Evaluation of site-specific lodging risks requires establishment of a method for multi-year monitoring. In this study, spectral images collected by the Sentinel-2 satellite were processed to obtain three types of data: gray-level co-occurrence matrix texture (GLCM), vegetation indices (VIs), and spectral reflectance (SR). Lodging classification models were then established with Random Forest (RF) using each of the three data types separately (the GLCM, VI, and SR models) and in combination (SR+VI model, SR+GLCM model, VI+GLCM mod-el, and SR+VI+GLCM model). By gradually removing features with low importance scores from the SR+VI+GLCM model and analyzing the changes in the overall accuracy (OA), the optimal set of predictive variables was identified and used to construct the optimal model. A model built us-ing data from a single timepoint in 2021 was tested on data collected at a similar timepoint in 2019 and vice versa to assess interannual model generalizability. The results of this study demon-strate that for monitoring maize lodging, models constructed with a single feature type, the GLCM model had significantly lower accuracy compared to the VI and SR models. During certain growth stages, the model constructed with combined features had significantly higher accuracy in monitoring maize lodging compared to models constructed with a single feature. During the pro-cess of selecting the optimal predictive variables, it was found that the accuracy of the model did not increase as the number of predictive variables increased. The results show that the positive and negative validation models had an accuracy of 96.55% and 95.18%, with kappa values of 0.93 and 0.83, respectively. This indicates that the model has strong generality for the same repro-ductive stage between years. This study provides a detailed method for large-scale maize lodging monitoring, allowing for identification of optimal planting practices to reduce the probability of lodging and ultimately improving regional maize yield and quality.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2270.v1

Growing Season Conditions and Isolate Are Important Determinants of Brassica Napus Susceptibility to Aggressive Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum Isolates

Pippa J Michael, Ashmita Rijal Lamichhane, Sarita Jane Bennett

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Sclerotinia stem rot; SSR; pathogen; canola/rapeseed; sclerotia; lesion

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:44:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2262.v1

Five Important Seeds in Traditional Medicine, Pharmacological Benefits and Seed Biology

Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Anise; Basil, Borage, Cilantro; Chamomile; Seed Biology; Seed Production; Seed Germination; Seed Dormancy; Seed Priming, Seedling Establishment; Anatomy and Germination

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:25:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2258.v1

Resistant Bacteria in Broiler Litter Used as Ruminant Feed Before and After Litter Treatment

Sameer J. Mabjeesh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; anti-microbials; coccidiostats; MALDI-TOF-MS analysis; Kirby-Bauer test; broiler litter

Online: 31 May 2023 (13:26:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2167.v1

Effect of Biochar Application on Morpho-Physiological Traits, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato Crop Under Water Quality and Deficit

Abdullah Obadi, Abdulaziz Alharbi, Abdulrasoul Alomran, Abdulaziz Alghamdi, Ibrahim Louki, Arafat Alkhasha

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: biochar; salinity; drought; tomato; water; irrigation; growth; fruit; yield; photosynthesis.

Online: 31 May 2023 (03:51:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2146.v1

Survival, Development, and Fecundity of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Various Host Plant Species and Their Implication for the Pest Management

Ihsan Nurkomar, Dina Wahyu Trisnawati, Fajrin Fahmi, Damayanti Buchori

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: fall armyworm; integrated pest management; invasive pest; Spodoptera frugiperda

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:01:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2124.v1

Effects of Adjuvants on the Effectiveness and Rainfastness of Rimsulfuron in Potato

Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim, Elham Samadi Kalkhoran, Roghayyeh Majd, Seyedeh Asieh Khatami, Te-Ming Paul Tseng, Ilias Travlos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Chemical control; Dose-response; Herbicide efficacy; Growth stages; Surfactant

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:22:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2111.v1

Impact of Homegrown School Feeding Program on Smallholders' Farmer Household Food Security in Northeastern Nigeria

Bulus Barnabas, Sylvester Amoako Agyemang, Edwin Zhllima, Miroslava Bavorova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: smallholder farmers; food security; school feeding; Nigeria; propensity score matching

Online: 30 May 2023 (10:31:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2095.v1

Biological Activity of Beauveria bassiana and Chemical Profile of Its Volatile Secondary Metabolites Using Spme-Gc/Ms Analysis

Ippolito Camele, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Rocco Racioppi, Hazem S. Elshafie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: biocontrol; natural products; phytopathogens; microbial metabolites; entomopathogens; endophytic fungi.

Online: 30 May 2023 (09:02:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2037.v1

Okra Yield Increased by Bat Guano beyond Its Nutrient Supply

Paulo Dimande, Margarida Arrobas, Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus; tropical savanna climate; biochar; soil amendment; manuring effect; nutrient mining

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:17:53 CEST)

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The difficulty in obtaining commercial fertilizers by smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa makes it very important to optimize the use of local organic resources. In VilanKulo, Mozambique, a study was carried out on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) over two growing seasons in a haplic Lixisol, a loamy-sand textured soil, applying both bat guano and biochar prepared by an artisanal process. Bat guano was applied at two rates (5 and 10 t ha−1), one month and just before sowing. Biochar was also used at two rates (5 and 10 t ha−1) applied close to sowing. Mixtures of biochar and guano at two rates (1 and 4 t ha−1, and 2 and 8 t ha−1, respectively) were also used along with a non-fertilized control. Field trials were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The treatments receiving high rates of guano tended to show significantly higher fruit yields (> 10 t ha−1, being the two-year average) in comparison to the control, which showed the lowest average okra fruit yield (6.21 t ha−1). In guano treatments, the apparent recovery by okra of some important nutrients, such as nitrogen (N), was greater than the amount of nutrient contained in the guano itself. This result, together with many others related to tissue nutrient concentration, soil properties and residual fertilizing value in guano plots, indicates a strong mineralization of guano during the growing season, probably due to its low carbon (C)/N ratio and favourable environmental conditions for the mineralization process, such as high temperature and well-aerated soil. The result also suggests some kind of manuring effect, i.e., a fertilizing effect of guano beyond what can be explained by the nutrient supply. The use of biochar increased total organic C in the soil and cation exchange capacity (CEC) compared to the control, but did not affect variables related to plant performance, such as tissue nutrient concentration or plant growth and yield.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1952.v1

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Inoculation of Durum Wheat With Fusarium pseudograminearum on Yield, Technological Quality and Gluten Protein Composition

Mike Sissons, Narelle Egan, Steven Simpfendorfer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Fusarium crown rot, durum wheat, agronomy, glutenin, gliadin, semolina quality, grain quality

Online: 29 May 2023 (03:28:34 CEST)

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Abstract: In Australia adoption of reduced tillage and stubble retention cropping systems to conserve soil moisture by growers has seen an increase in the prevalence of the disease Fusarium crown rot (FCR) caused by the stubble-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium pseudograminearum. Durum wheat is particularly susceptible to FCR expressing significant yield and quality losses in the presence of infection. Increasing rates of nitrogen (N) application at sowing exacerbates FCR. However, to achieve the desired grain protein and quality suited to pasta manufacture, N application is necessary and this creates a dilemma for growers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of FCR infection in the presence of different N fertiliser application rates in durum wheat varieties on yield and technological quality. Two durum varieties were evaluated at the same location over two seasons (2020 and 2021). These seasons were characterised by being wetter than normal and showed different responses to FCR and N application. In general, the 2021 season showed better responses to applied N with no impact of FCR. The FCR inoculation while it resulted in significant infection, it had no impacts on yield or grain quality in 2021 while in 2020 yield was reduced and only gluten index was reduced. Jandaroi was found to hold its kernel vitreosity at all protein levels obtaining the premium grade while DBA Lillaroi did not and would suffer downgrade if N application was insufficient. However, higher N application rates needed to achieve 12% + protein saw a reduction in dough strength with Jandaroi holding its dough strength much better than DBA Lillaroi. This was related to the lower glutenin/gliadin (Gli/Glu) ratio in response to applied N at sowing in Jandaroi which helped retain kernels with high vitreousness. This suggests genetics plays an important role in a genotype response to N fertilisation and should be considered when selecting a variety where higher premium grades are desirable.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1938.v1

The Combined Applications of Microbial Inoculants and Organic Fertilizer Improve Plant Growth under Unfavorable Soil Conditions

Malek Al Methyeb, Silke Ruppel, Bettina Eichler-Löbermann, Nikolay Vassilev

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: microbial inoculants; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Kosakonia radicincitans; organic fertilizer; field experiment; soil conditions; soil pH; yield

Online: 26 May 2023 (14:23:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1888.v1

Coffee-Associated Endophytes: Plant Growth Promotion and Crop Protection

Suhail Asad, A.K Hasith Priyashantha, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Yinling Luo, Jianqiang Zhang, Zhuqin Fan, Likun Zhao, Ke Shen, Chen Niu, Li Lu, Itthayakorn Promputtha, Samantha C. Karunarathna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Ascomycetes; bio decaffeination; endophytic bacteria; endophytic fungi; entomopathogenic endophytes; nitrogen fixing; phosphate solubilizing; phytohormones; plant defense system

Online: 26 May 2023 (08:14:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1882.v1

A Literature Review on the Use of Modeling Approaches Applied to Automatic Milking Systems

Laura Ozella, Karina Brotto Rebuli, Claudio Forte, Giacobini Mario

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Dairy cows; Automatic Milking System; algorithms; modeling approaches; statistical analyses; Machine Learning; mastitis detection; milk production; cows’ behavior

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:51:40 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1830.v1

Response of Chlorophyll Content and Chemical Composition (Ca+2, K+, and NO3-) in Tomatoes and Peppers Saplings to Foliar Nutrition in Growing Chambers

Mohunnad Massimi, László Radócz, Besarta Kabashi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Chemical composition; Chlorophyll; Plant health

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:44:23 CEST)

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The chlorophyll content and mineral compositions of plants are highly dependent on the species' physiological responses and environmental stress tolerance. The chlorophyll content is important for determining abiotic stress tolerance in tomatoes and peppers. Several studies found that foliar applications of specific components increased tomato and pepper output by increasing nutrient uptake. After transferring the seedlings to the incubator, three tomatoes (Mobil, Korall, and Tyking F1) and three pepper varieties (Carma, Fokusz, and Bobita F1) were sprayed. The following solutions were applied at a rate of 4 mL to each different plant: sodium bicarbonate (0.52%), 50 mg L-1 salicylic acid, and distilled water. A chlorophyll sensor (SPAD-502) was used to collect 5 measurements from each plant after 2 days and 8 days of spraying. Five plant sap samples were collected from ten plants after 38 days of transplantation. The calcium ion (Ca+2), potassium ion (K+), and nitrate (NO3-) contents (mg L-1) in plant sap were measured using three calibrated electronic sensors of the type (HORIBA instruments LAQUA-TWIN). The factorial analysis of two factors was used in data collection and statistical analysis. The first variable was the variety and the second was the spray treatment, and each record had five observations. The Tukey-Kramer test in Minitab 20 was used to assess differences in means between groups. Minitab 20's regression response optimizer was used to determine the maximum and minimum responses to calcium, potassium, nitrate, and chlorophyll content factors in each plant. Salicylic acid 50 mg L-1 produces the strongest multiple responses, particularly in tomato cultivars (Tyking F1 and Korall). The multiple minimum responses were for the variety (Mobil). Spraying (Mobil) with salicylic acid (50 mg L-1) and sodium bicarbonate (0.52%) produced unsatisfactory results. Salicylic acid 50 mg L-1 elicits also the most powerful multiple responses, particularly in the (Carma) pepper cultivar. The results revealed multiple minimum responses for the variety (Bobita F1). Finally, it is recommended that growers grow tomatoes (Mobil) without any supportive spraying treatment because the vigor of tomato (Mobil) seedlings was significantly higher in suboptimal environmental conditions. Gardeners should consider growing (Carma) pepper with a supportive spraying application of salicylic acid 50 mg L-1.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1790.v1

A Review on the Relation between European Protected Areas, Farming Systems and Certification/Labelling Schemes of Agri-Food Products with a Protected Area Logo

Athina Koutsouki, Stefanos Nastis, Thomas Bournaris, Dimitrios Zikos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: protected areas; low-intensity farming systems; agri-food products; labelling schemes; sustainable development; literature review

Online: 25 May 2023 (09:57:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1663.v1

Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices (IKSP), Livelihood Resources and Aspirations of the Matigsalog and Ata Tribes

Erna S. Macusi, Anthony C. Sales, Edison D. Macusi, Henzel P. Bong-as, Melanie A. Cayacay, Juber L. Omandam, Marthje Schüler, Camila Vidal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Ata; crop management; farming practices; Matigsalog; sustainable agriculture

Online: 23 May 2023 (14:33:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1634.v1

Genotypic and Sanitary Characterization of Minority Grapevine Varieties Prospected in Andalusia, Spain

Inmaculada Rodríguez-Torres, Ana Martín Carrillo, María del Pilar Ramírez, Francisco Jesus Gómez Gálvez, Leonardo Velasco Arjona, Carlos Padilla, Enrico Cretazzo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: genetic resources; molecular markers; local cultivar; certification

Online: 23 May 2023 (09:55:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1612.v1

Genetic Characterization and Association Study of Anti-nutritional Compounds in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Mutant Lines Using Genotyping‐by‐Sequencing (GBS)

Jaihyunk Ryu, Baul Yang, Ye-Jin Lee, Dong-Gun Kim, Jae Hoon Kim, Juyoung Kim, Woon Ji Kim, Sang Hoon Kim, Soon-Jae Kwon, Jin-Baek Kim, Si-Yong Kang, Jae Il Lyu, Chang-Hyu Bae, Joon-Woo Ahn

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: rapeseed; glucosinolate; phenolics; GBS; association study

Online: 23 May 2023 (08:09:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1551.v1

A Genetically Engineered Escherichia coli Strain for Potential Utilization in Fungal Smut Disease Control

Guobing Cui, Xinping Bi, Shan Lu, Zide Jiang, Yizhen Deng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: filamentous growth; jasmonic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (JMT); methyl jasmonate (MeJA); pathogenicity; Sporisorium scitamineum; sugarcane smut

Online: 23 May 2023 (03:41:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1526.v1

Evaluation of Artemisia absinthium. L, Essential Oil as a Potential Novel Prophylactic Against the Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama

Syed Arif Hussain Rizvi, Laila A. AL-shuraym, Mariam S. Al-Ghamdi, Fahd Mohammed Abd Al Galil, Fahd A. AL-Mekhlaf, Mohamed Wadaan, Waqar Jaleel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Essential oil, Toxicity, Botanical insecticides, Artemisia absinthium, Diaphorina citri.

Online: 22 May 2023 (12:29:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1468.v1

Identification and Characterization of Waxy Bread Wheat Carrying a Novel Wx-B1 Allele

Yeonjun Sung, Keonghoon Kim, Jinhee Park, Seongwook Kang, Chulsoo Park, Seongwoo Cho, Changsoo Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Starch; Amylose; Amylopectin; GBSSI; mutation

Online: 22 May 2023 (07:10:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1430.v1

Investigating the Mechanisms Underlying the Durability and Sustainable Use of Pb1 Gene-Mediated High Field Resistance to Rice Panicle Blast

Kiyoshi Fujii, Taro Suzuki, Mitsuru Nakamura, Tomofumi Yoshida, Yoshinori Uchikawa, Haruka Suwazono, Nagao Hayashi, Yasukazu Kanda, Haruhiko Inoue

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Oryza sativa; Magnaporthe oryzae; rice; rice blast; panicle blast; high field resistance; quantitative resistance; major gene; adult plant resistance; durability; sustainable use; sustainable development goals

Online: 19 May 2023 (10:30:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1368.v1

Isolation and Evaluation of the Antagonistic Activity of Cinidium Officinale Rhizosphere Bacteria Against Phytopathogenic Fungi (Fusarium solani)

Seok Hui Lee, Su Hong Jeon, Jun Young Park, Dae Sol Kim, Ji Ah Kim, Hui Yeong Jeong, Jun Won Kang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: PGPR; Cnidium officinale; Leclercia adecarboxylata; Bacillus; Fusarium solani; Fusarium wilt

Online: 19 May 2023 (03:48:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1316.v1

How Seed Traits Can Affect the Performance of Cover Crops and What Can We Do to Enhance It?

Iraj Nosratti, Nicholas E. Korres, Stéphane Cordeau

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: agroecology; seed dormancy; plant establishment; germination; climate change; Poaceae; Brassicaceae; Fabaceae

Online: 18 May 2023 (09:45:04 CEST)

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Cover crops as living plant or mulch can suppress weeds by reducing weed germination, emergence and growth, either through direct competition for resources, allelopathy, or by providing a physical barrier to emergence. Farmers implementing conservation agriculture, organic farming or agroecological principles are increasingly adopting cover crop as part of their farming strategy. However, cover crop adoption remains limited by poor and/or unstable establishment in dry conditions, weediness of cover crop volunteers is subsequent cash crops, and seed cost. This study is the first one to review the literature on seed traits of cover crops, their germination response to different biotic and abiotic factors aiming to improve seed germination and seedling establishment. Knowledge on seed traits would be helpful in choosing suitable cover crop species and/or mixture adapted to specific environments. Such information is crucial to improve cover crops establishment, growth, provision of ecosystem services, while allowing farmers to save seeds and therefore money. We discuss how to improve cover crop establishment by seed priming and coating, and appropriate seed sowing depth. Here, three cover crop families namely Poaceae, Brassicaceae, and Fabaceae, were examined in terms of seed traits and response to environmental conditions. The review showed that seed traits related to germination are crucial as they affect the germination timing and establishment of the cover crop, consequently soil coverage uniformity, factors that directly related to their suppressive effect on weeds. Poaceae and Brassicaceae exhibit higher germination percentage than Fabaceae under water deficit conditions. Seed dormancy of some Fabaceae species/cultivars limits their agricultural use of as cover crops because the domestication of some wild ecotypes is not complete. Understanding genetic and environmental regulating seed dormancy is necessary. Appropriate selection of cover crop cultivars is crucial to improve cover crop establishment and provide multiple ecosystem services including weed suppression, particularly in a climate change context.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1308.v1

Management of Antracnosis with Electrochemically Activated Salt Solutions (EASS) on Bean Culture

María Guadalupe Marquez-Blanco, Yunny Meas-Vong, Brenda Z. Guerrero-Aguilar, Samantha de J. Rivero-Montejo, Luis Miguel Contreras-Medina, Irineo Torres-Pacheco, Ramón Gerardo Guevara-González, Mario Martin González-Chavira, Adrian Esteban Ortega

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: anthracnose; plant elicitation; plant biostimulants; electrochemically activated solutions

Online: 18 May 2023 (08:52:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1196.v2

Multitemporal Segmentation Techniques for Canapa Sativa L. Detection Through Unmanned Aerial Systems

Filippo Gambella, Francesco Sanna, Luca Ghiani, Alessandro Deidda, Alberto Sassu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: plant detection; Otsu; UAS; Canapa sativa; CHM

Online: 18 May 2023 (07:22:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1196.v1

Is Machine Learning the Best Technique for Plant Detection Through Unmanned Aerial Systems?

Filippo Gambella, Francesco Sanna, Luca Ghiani, Alessandro Deidda, Alberto Sassu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: plant detection; Otsu; UAS; Canapa sativa; CHM

Online: 17 May 2023 (05:36:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1102.v1

Linking Phenotypes to Protein Characteristics in 3D Structures Predicted by Alphafold

Atit Parajuli, Robert Brueggeman, Steven Wagner, Marilyn Warburton, Michael Peel, Longxi Yu, Deven See, Zhiwu Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Alfalfa; Plant Growth Vigor; Alphafold; Protein 3D Structure; Association Study

Online: 16 May 2023 (05:32:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1079.v1

Production and Quality of West Indian Cherry under Salt Stress and NPK Fertilization Combinations

Antonio Manoel da Silva Filho, Hans Raj Gheyi, Alberto Soares De Melo, André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva, Semako Ibrahim Bonou, Lumara Tatiely Santos Amadeu, Rener Luciano de Souza Ferraz, Patrícia da Silva Costa, Lucia Helena Garófalo Chaves, Rossana Maria Feitosa de Figueirêdo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Malpighia emarginata; water salinity; fertilization management

Online: 16 May 2023 (04:37:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1000.v1

A Novel Caffeine Oleate Formulation as an Insecticide to Control Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei, and Other Coffee Pests

Carmenza E. Góngora, Johanna Tapias, Jorge Jaramillo, Rubén Medina, Sebastián González, Tatiana Restrepo, Herley Casanova, Pablo Benavides

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Coffee berry borer; caffeine; oleic acid, kaolin; new insecticide, infestation.

Online: 15 May 2023 (07:59:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0960.v1

Microscopical Analysis of Autofluorescence as a Complementary and Useful Method to Assess Differences in Anatomy and Structural Distribution Underlying Evolutive Variation in Loss of Seed Dispersal in Common Bean

Ana M. Santos, Ana M. González, Juan De Dios Alche, Marta Santalla

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: pod; anatomy; microscopy; cell wall; Phaseolus vulgaris; legume; autofluorescence

Online: 12 May 2023 (13:53:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0951.v1

Evaluation of Magonia pubescens Extract against Phytopathogens: Searching for Eco-Friendly Crop Protection Products

Acácio R. A. Moraes, Samuel R. Sabina, Daniela G. Expósito, Cristina Giménez, Guacimara Espinel, Grasiely F. Sousa, Lucienir P. Duarte, Ignacio A. Jiménez, Raimundo Cabrera, Isabel L. Bazzocchi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Magonia pubescens; biopesticides; phytopathogenic fungi; Chrysodeixis chalcites

Online: 12 May 2023 (13:32:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0913.v1

Predicting Soil Carbon Sequestration and Harvestable C biomass of Rice and Wheat by DNDC Model

Muhammad Shaukat, Aaron Kinyu Hoshide, Sher Muhammad, Irshad Ahmad Arshad, Muhammad Mushtaq, Daniel C. De Abreu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: biogeochemical models; DNDC model; inorganic fertilizers; soil organic carbon

Online: 12 May 2023 (09:27:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0898.v1

Bulked Target Capture Sequencing Identified Numerous Genetic Loci Associated with Alfalfa Growth Vigor During Inbreeding

Atit Parajuli, Robert Brueggeman, Steven Wagner, Marilyn Warburton, Michael Peel, Longxi Yu, Deven See, Zhiwu Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Alfalfa; Plant Growth Vigor; Inbreeding; Target Capture; GWAS

Online: 12 May 2023 (07:23:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0327.v3

New Loci Relating to Rice Tiller Angle Traits Discovery Through Genome-wide Association Analysis

Gui Jinxin, Shi Jubin, Luo Xinyang, Yan Yuntao, He Xi, Zhang Haiqing, He Jiwai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Rice; GWAS; tiller angle; QTL; Haplotype

Online: 12 May 2023 (04:42:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0840.v1

The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Tree Growth, Fruit Yield and Quality of Clementine Nules on Two Citrus Rootstocks in the Gharb Region (Morocco)

Fatima Ezahra Omari, Lhou Beniken, Abdelmjid Zouahri, Hassan Benaouda, Rachid Benkirane, Hamid Benyahia

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Morocco; Citrus; rootstocks; nutritional requirements; fertilizer application; yields; fruit quality

Online: 11 May 2023 (10:45:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0831.v1

The Influence of the Timing of Haymaking on the Yield and Quality of Alfalfa Feed (Medicago sativa L.) in the Conditions of the Kazakhstan Aral Sea Region

Bolat Koptileuov, Laura Tokhetova, Bibigul Baizhanova, Serik Bekzhanov, Nurali Nurgaliyev, Ainur Demesinova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: alfalfa; timing of haymaking; growth dynamics of one stem; yield; quality

Online: 11 May 2023 (08:57:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0826.v1

Morphological and Physiological Response of Tomato to Sole and Combined Application of Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizers

Muhammad Qasim, Jing Ju, Hai Tao Zhao, Saleem Maseeh Bhatti, Gulnaz Saleem, Saima Parveen Memon, Shahzaib Ali, Muhammad Usama Younas, Nimra Rajput, Zameer Hussain Jamali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: tomato; vermicompost; inorganic fertilizer; nutrients availability; yield; soil health

Online: 11 May 2023 (08:42:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0813.v1

Transcriptomic and Physiological Analyses of Two Rice Restorer Cultivars under Different Nitrogen Supplies Provide New Insights for Hybrid Rice Breeding

Xiaojian Qin, Xiaowei Li, Juan Xiao, Qian Wu, Yuntong Li, Cuiping Li, Dan Jiang, Tingting Tang, Wenbin Nan, Yongshu Liang, Hanma Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Oryza sativa; restorer lines; physiology; nitrogen use efficiency; transcriptome

Online: 11 May 2023 (07:23:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0809.v1

Constitution of a Camelina sativa L. Synthetic Population and Agronomic Comparison between Spring and Winter Cultivation in North Italy

Martina Ghidoli, Sara Frazzini, Stefano De Benedetti, Stefano Sangiorgio, Michela Landoni, Alessio Scarafoni, Luciana Rossi, Roberto Pilu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Camelina sativa; oilseed crop; cover crop; plant breeding; synthetic population; agrobiodiversity

Online: 11 May 2023 (06:01:42 CEST)

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In recent years, the interest in increasingly sustainable agriculture has also turned attention towards new crops which could enter the food chain as new protein and oil sources or that can be used as new cover crops. In this scenario, Camelina sativa is a perfect crop to study. Camelina is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the Brassicaceae which is interesting for its oil content, since the seeds contain about 40% of oils, with a high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (30-40% alpha linolenic acid, 15-25 % linoleic acid, 15% oleic acid and about 15% eicosenoic acid). It is a hexaploid species (2n = 40, genome size ~782 Mb) characterized by rapid growth, short life cycle (85-100 days for spring varieties, 190-210 for autumn varieties) and low input cultivation needs. All these traits make it suitable for use in marginal areas. However, its use in feed and food is limited by the presence of glucosinolates (GLS). GLS are sulfur molecules involved in plant defense. In recent years, they have been studied not only as anti-nutritionals, but also for their anti-carcinogenic effects against chronic inflammatory and heart diseases and for their use as natural pesticides. Given the recent interest in camelina and its highly nutritious oil, eight pure lines and a synthetic population were compared in two different growing periods, spring and winter. In this work, the genetic materials were characterized for different phenotypic traits, yields and yield components, bromatological and glucosinolate content. The results confirmed that in North Italy camelina has higher yields if cultivated in the autumn-winter period (about 2 t/ha vs 0.6 t/ha), furthermore, a negative correlation was found between spring and winter yields, indicating that varieties that produce more in winter cultivation produce less in spring cultivation. Moreover, to our knowledge, it is the first work in which a synthetic population of Camelina sativa has been tested and proved to be a valid solution for use in various environments both for its adaptability and for the low content of glucosinolates (about 17 mmol/ kg).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0639.v1

Evaluation of Integrated Management Strategies on Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) Root infection, Foliar Symp-toms, Yield and Net Returns in Indiana

Mariama T. Brown, Daren S. Mueller, Yuba R. Kandel, Darcy E. P. Telenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: seed treatment; cultivar selection; seeding rate; fluopyram; pydiflumetofen

Online: 9 May 2023 (10:31:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0565.v1

Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Provides Insights into Low Nitrogen Stress in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.).

Erying Chen, Ling Qin, Feifei Li, Yanbing Yang, Zhenyu Liu, Xiao Yu, Jiahong Niu, Runfeng Wang, Huawen Zhang, Hailian Wang, Bin Liu, Yanan Guan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: foxtail millet 1; nitrogen use efficiency 2; varieties3; physiological parameters 4; transcriptomics 5.

Online: 9 May 2023 (04:41:12 CEST)

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Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv) is an important food and forage crop that is well adapted to nutrient-poor soils. However, little is known about how foxtail millet adapts to low nitrogen (LN) at the physiological and molecular levels. In the present study, two foxtail millet varieties with contrasting low nitrogen (LN) tolerance properties were investigated through integrative analyses of physiological featureparameters and transcriptomics. The physiological results showed that JG20 (high tolerance to LN) had higher biomass accumulation, nitrogen content and nitrogen use efficiency compared with JG22 (low tolerancesensitive to LN) under LN. JG20 had higher soluble sugar and soluble protein concentration in shoots compared with JG22 under LN, while contcentrations of soluble sugar and soluble protein contents were higher in the roots of JG22. Higher levels of CTK contentzeatin concentration were found in the shoots of JG20 com-pared with JG22, and a higher ABA contcentration was found in both the shoots and roots of JG22 compared with JG20 under LN. In the transcriptomics results, JG20 had more differentially ex-pressed genes (DEGs) than JG22 both in shoots and roots in response to LN. These LN-responsive genes were enriched in glycolysis, starch and sucrose metabolism, photosynthesis, biosynthesis of amino acids, hormone metabolism and nitrogen metabolism. Furthermore, the high-affinity nitrate transporter gene, SiNRT2.1, and glutamine synthetase gene, SiGS5, chlorophyll apoprotein of photosystem II gene, SiPsbQ, ATP synthase subunit gene, b, auxin-responsive protein gene, SiIAA25, and aldose 1-epimerase gene, SiAEP, in shoots, and high-affinity nitrate transporter gene, SiNRT2.3, SiNRT2.4, and glutamate synthase gene, SiGOGAT2, auxin-responsive protein gene, SiIAA4, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase gene, SiAEP5, in root, were important genes in-volved in the LN tolerance of foxtail millet. These results provide a detailed description of the physiological and transcriptome response of foxtail millet under LN condition.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0507.v1

Cereal β-D-glucans: From Biosynthesis and Breeding Possibilities to Food Processing Applications

Michaela Havrlentová, Václav Dvořáček, Lucie Jurkaninová, Veronika Gregusová

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: β-D-glucans; cereals; biosynthesis; food application

Online: 8 May 2023 (10:11:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0427.v1

Characterization of Silage with Different Melon (Cucumis melo L) Biomasses and Dry Matter Contents

Romilda Rodrigues do Nascimento, Ricardo Loiola Edvan, Keuven dos Santos Nascimento, Dhiéssica Morgana Alves Barros, Lucas de Sousa Barros, Luan Felipe Reis Camboim, Tairon Pannunzio Dias e Silva, Rafael de Souza Miranda, Marcos Jácome de Araújo, Anisio Ferreira Lima, Leilson Rocha Bezerra, Francisco Naysson de Sousa Santos, Edson Mauro Santos, Stelio Bezerra Pinheiro De Lima

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Dehydration; fermentative indicators; nutrients; melon

Online: 8 May 2023 (03:14:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0398.v1

Heavy Metal Contamination in Agricultural Soil: Environmental Pollutants Affecting Crop Health

Abdur Rashid, Brian J. Schutte, April Ulery, Michael K. Deyholos, Soum Sanogo, Erik A Lehnhoff, Leslie Beck

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Heavy metals; arable lands; agricultural practices; soil binding models; action mechanisms; visual symptoms; crop production

Online: 6 May 2023 (08:59:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0362.v1

Estimating Freezing Injury on Olive Trees: A Comparative Study of Computing Models Based on Electrolyte Leakage and Tetrazolium Tests

Mehdi Rezaei, Abbas Rohani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: olive trees; freezing injury; electrolyte leakage; tetrazolium tests; nonlinear regression models

Online: 5 May 2023 (11:34:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0356.v1

Plasma Treated Cattle Slurry Moderately Increases Cereal Yields

Thomas Cottis, Hesam Mousavi, Svein Ø. Solberg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: agronomy; N2 Applied; field crops; fertilization; innovation; wheat; barley; nitrogen

Online: 5 May 2023 (10:49:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0334.v1

Comparative Analysis of RNN Versus IIR Digital Filtering to Optimize Resilience to Dynamic Perturbations in pH Sensing for Vertical Farming

Rolando Hinojosa-Meza, Martín Montes Rivera, Paulino Vacas-Jacques, Nivia Escalante-Garcia, José Alonso Dena-Aguilar, Aldonso Becerra Sanchez, Ernesto Olvera-Gonzalez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: pH-instrument; Vertical Farming; Industry 4.0; IIR Filtering; Recurrent Neural Networks; RNN; Neural Networks; Digital Filtering; Butterworth Filter; Chebyshev Filter; Elliptic Filter

Online: 5 May 2023 (08:59:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0317.v1

Relationship between Some Myostatin Variants and Meat Pro-duction Related Calving, Weaning and Muscularity Traits in Charolais Cattle

Tamás Csürhés, Ferenc Szabó, Gabriella Holló, Edit Mikó, Márton Török, Szabolcs Albin Bene

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: myostatin alleles; Q204X; F94L; muscularity scores; calving and weaning traits

Online: 5 May 2023 (07:35:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0156.v1

Genotypic Response of Finger Millet to Zinc and Iron Agronomic Biofortification, Location and Slope Position Towards Yield

Demeke Teklu Senbetu, Dawd Gashu, Edward M. Joy, Murry R. Lark, Elizabeth H. Bailey, Lolita Wilson, Tilahun Amede, Martin R. Broadley

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Agronomic biofortification; finger millet; genotype; mineral fertilizer; yield

Online: 3 May 2023 (13:00:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0129.v1

Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Regimes Reshape Soil-Borne Oomycete Communities in Soybean, Corn, and Wheat Production Systems

Alison Claire Gahagan, Yichao Shi, Devon Radford, Malcolm J Morrison, Edward Gregorich, Stéphane Aris-Brosou, Wen Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: crop rotation; metabarcoding; soil-borne oomycetes; soybean; tillage

Online: 3 May 2023 (10:17:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0109.v1

Biomolecular Characterization of Salt tolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Isolated from Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Grown in Saline Soil

Xiaobing Wang, Saima Parveen Memon, Qurban Ali Panhwar, Shafiq ur Rehman Memon, Muhammad Qasim, Muhammad Usama Younas, Umme Aminun Naher

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Activity; beneficial traits; bacterial count; inoculation; rhizosphere; salinity; salt tolerance

Online: 3 May 2023 (07:31:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0043.v1

Inclusion of Significant Markers Identified With GWAS Into Prediction Models

Olufunke Ayegbidun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomic Selection, Marker-Assisted Selection

Online: 2 May 2023 (02:33:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1235.v1

Effect of the Incorporation of GWAS-Selected Markers in Genomic Selection, Study Model: Flavonoid Pigmentation Traits in Sorghum

Anngie Hernandez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Genomic prediction; flavonoid pigmentation; Sorghum bicolor; prediction accuracy; marker-assisted selection

Online: 29 April 2023 (10:11:10 CEST)

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Marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) have been used to select individuals with desirable traits. MAS used a few markers associated with a specific trait to select individuals with desirable traits, which are determined after a Genome-wide association studies (GWAS). On the contrary, GS uses a large number of markers distributed across the genome to predict the genomic breeding values for a further selection of the individuals. In general, MAS has shown a high prediction accuracy but is not suitable for traits that are controlled for multiple genes, and has another constraint, it is required the phenotypic data; on the contrary, GS has not shown the highest prediction accuracy as MAS but it takes into account the effect of multiple genes controlling a target trait and it can be used without phenotypic data. Including GWAS-selected markers in GS can enhance the reduced prediction accuracy that GS shows in comparison with MAS. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the prediction accuracy of MAS, and some models of genomic prediction (gBLUP, gBLUP including GWAs-selected markers, and some Bayesian models such as Bayes A, Bayes B, Bayes LASSO and Bayesian Ridge Regression) with GWAS-selected markers incorporated in gBLUP in order to confirm if the incorporation of GWAS in GS increases the prediction accuracy of GS. As a model for this study, it was used data from Sorghum which has shown population structure, to evaluate if the incorporation of GWAs-selected markers into GS improves prediciton accuracy. It was used a sample of 6000 SNPs out of the 265.487 reported in the study conducted by Morris et al (2013), and also it was considered some parameters that affect the efficiency of the selection such as the size of the training population, the heritability, and the number of QTNs. The GWAS-selected SNPs were identified after using the model BLINK. The results showed that the incorporation of GWAS-selected markers enhanced the performance of the genomic selection with similar prediction accuracy as MAS, the number of QTNs and size of the training population affected the accuracy, with higher accuracy with a bigger size of the training population and with a lower number of QTNs, but it seems that the heritability does not have any impact in the model where GWAS-selected SNPs were included in gBLUP.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1176.v1

Efficacy of Streptomyces Murinus JKTJ-3 in Suppression of Pythium aphanidermatum Caused by Damping-off of Watermelon

Mihong Ge, Xiang Cai, Dehuan Wang, Huan Liang, Juhong Zhu, Xianfeng Shi, Guoqing Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Watermelon; damping-off; Pythium aphanidermatum; Streptomyces murinus; biocontrol

Online: 28 April 2023 (11:11:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1120.v1

Evaluation of Introgressed Lines of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Contrasting Water Treatments

Muhammad Mubashar Hussain, Saeed Rauf, Muqadas Noor, Amir Bibi, Rodomiro Ortiz, Jeffery A. Dahlberg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: drought stress; introgression; leaf area; root to shoot ratio; wild species; yield loss

Online: 28 April 2023 (05:15:13 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1083.v1

Release of Adults and Pupae of Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) For the Management of Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) In Soybean

Letícia Martins Parra, Nadja Nara da Silva Pereira, William Wyatt Hoback, Regiane Cristina de Oliveira

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: biological control; integrated pest management; egg parasitoids; sustainability

Online: 28 April 2023 (02:32:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1070.v1

Association Study of Agronomic and Oil Traits in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Mutant Lines Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing

Baul Yang, Dong-Gun Kim, Sang Hoon Kim, Ye-Jin Lee, Woon Ji Kim, So Hyeon Baek, Si-Yong Kang, Joon-Woo Ahn, Chang-Hyu Bae, Jaihyunk Ryu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: rapeseed; agronomic characteristics; oil quality; SNPs; GWAS

Online: 27 April 2023 (10:13:01 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0275.v2

Rodent Proliferation in Urban and Agricultural Settings of Sub-Saharan Africa – Part 2. Towards Integrated Management Strategies, and Beyond

Ambroise Dalecky, Ibrahima Sow, Abdoul Aziz Ibrahim Danzabarma, Madougou Garba, Jonas Etougbetche, Sylvestre Badou, Henri-Joël Dossou, Cheikh Tidiane Niang, Ousmane Diene, Idrissa Diallo, Mohamed Seyidna Ali Saghiri, Mohamed El Hady Sidatt, Frank Van Steenbergen, Amadou Bocar Bal, Luwieke Bosma, Gualbert Houemenou, Solimane Ag Atteynine, Karmadine Hima, Gauthier Dobigny, Yonas Meheretu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Africa; ecologically based rodent management; field rodents; pest management; rodent control; rodenticides; rodents; synanthropic rodents.

Online: 27 April 2023 (03:48:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0951.v1

Effects of Cropping Systems on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Abundances and Spatial Distributions of Nitrogen Cycling Bacteria

Annesly Netthisinghe, Hunter Galloway, Getahun E. Agga, Phillip Gunter, Karamat Sistani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: N cycling bacteria genes, wheat-soybean cropping, tall fescue pasturing, spatial distribution

Online: 26 April 2023 (03:52:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0940.v1

Citrus Essential Oils as an Alternative Method of Control of the Fungus Alternaria alternata (Fr.: Fr.) Keissler

Fernando Alves de Azevedo, Fernando Trevizan Devite, Marines Bastianel, Evandro Henrique Schinor, Patricia Marluci Da Conceição

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: alternaria brown spot; mandarin; Citrus reticulata; alternative control

Online: 26 April 2023 (03:26:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0910.v1

Conjunctive Analyses of BSA-Seq and BSR-Seq to Identify Candidate Genes Controlling the Black Lemma and Pericarp Trait in Barley

Yajie Liu, Pengzheng Chen, Wenshuo Li, Xinchun Liu, Guowu Yu, Hui Zhao, Shuhua Zeng, Mao Li, Genlou Sun, Zongyun Feng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: allomelanin; high throughput sequencing; bulk segregation analysis; benzoic acids derivates; barley

Online: 25 April 2023 (09:40:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0849.v1

Impact of Tillage Intensity on the Development of Faba Bean Cultivation

Rasa Kimbirauskienė, Aušra Sinkevičienė, Rokas Jonaitis, Kęstutis Romaneckas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: conservation tillage; Vicia faba L.; canopy height and biomass; assimilation area; chlorophyll index; root nodulation and biomass

Online: 24 April 2023 (10:42:17 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0717.v1

Effect of Ethyl Nitroacetate, Ethyl 2-Nitropropionate and 3-Nitropropionic Acid on Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics and Dry Matter Degradability under In Vitro Conditions

Pedro Antonio Ochoa-García, Robin C. Anderson, Felipe Alonso Rodríguez-Almeida, Adrian Omar Maynez-Peréz, Monserrat Felix-Portillo, Aleksandar K. Božić, Martha María Arévalos-Sánchez, Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez, Alberto Muro-Reyes, Agustin Corral-Luna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: cattle; CH4; rumen fermentation; hydrogen; nitrocompounds

Online: 21 April 2023 (10:20:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0327.v2

Identification of Tiller Angle QTLs at Heading Stage in 238 Rice Germplasms by GWAS

Gui Jinxin, Shi Jubin, Luo Xinyang, Yan Yuntao, He Xi, Zhang Haiqing, He Jiwai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Rice; GWAS; tiller angle; QTL; Haplotype

Online: 21 April 2023 (10:02:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0699.v1

Adjusting to Increased Temperature and Salinity Associated With Climate Change: Phenotypic Response and Genetic Variation for Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Alfalfa

Johanne Brunet, Alayna Hoesley

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Conventional alfalfa; dormant variety; glyphosate resistant alfalfa; Medicago sativa; non-dormant variety; reduced lignin alfalfa; salinity; seed germination; seedling growth; temperature

Online: 21 April 2023 (08:59:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0664.v1

Ammonium/Nitrate Ratio Affects the Growth and Shikonin Accumulation in Arnebia euchroma

Linyuan Shi, Jiuwen Liang, Ruishan Wang, Xiufu Wan, Binbin Yan, Yan Zhang, Meilan Chen, Changzheng Liu, Qi Li, Sheng Wang, Lanping Guo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: ammonium/nitrate ratio; Arnebia euchroma; shikonin; hairy root; ammonium toxicity

Online: 21 April 2023 (03:30:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0661.v1

Antifungal Activity of Fresh and Stored Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) and Its Ethyl Acetate Extract against Plant Pathogens Fungi

Raja Jarboui, Mona S. Azab, Shaimaa M.N. Moustafa, Hallouma Bilel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Olive mill wastewater; antifungal activity; phytopathogenic fungi; phenolic compounds; storage

Online: 21 April 2023 (03:01:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0639.v1

Root System Response and Yield of Irrigated rice in Relation to Irrigation, Potassium and Nitrogen under Subtropical Condition

Md. Salahuddin Kaysar, Uttam Kumer Sarker, Sinthia Afsana Kheya, Ahmed Khairul Hasan, Md. Alamgir Hossain, Uzzal Somaddar, Gopal Saha, Apurbo Kumar Chaki, Abeer Hashem, Elsayed Fath Abd_Allah, Md. Romij Uddin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: root volume; total dry matter; correlation matrix; cross sectional view; harvest index

Online: 20 April 2023 (09:40:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0614.v1

Approaches and Advantages of Increased Crop Genetic Diversity in the Fields

Bal Krishna Joshi, Krishna Hari Ghimire, Shree Prasad Neupane, Devendra Gauchan, Mengistu Dejene

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: varietal mixture; evolutionary population; resilient; informal seed system; landrace

Online: 20 April 2023 (07:13:09 CEST)

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Crop genetic diversity is most for the long-term sustainable production system. The breeding and production strategies of developing and growing uniform and homogenous varieties have created many different problems. Such populations are static and very sensitive to unpredictable stresses. In Nepal, more than 80% of seed system is informal s which has contributed greatly to creating and maintaining genetic diversity within the field particularly contributing to landrace diversity. This paper aims to assess and present the approaches and advantages of increased crop genetic diversity in the fields. The paper is developed based on experiences of implementing on-farm conservation activities carried out in Nepal since last two decades. Some of the evidences have been derived from on-going evolutionary plant breeding project being implemented in Nepal. The information is supplemented with field assessment, focus group discussion, and literature review. The major approaches to increase crop genetic diversity are evolutionary plant breeding, cultivar mixture, landrace enhancement, informal seed system, bulk method, diversifying the sources, participatory plant breeding, open pollination, etc. EPB and cultivar mixture are very simple and effective approaches to increase crop genetic diversity at field level. The involvement of farmers in these approaches helps to accelerate the population improvement particularly for landraces. The major advantages of increased crop genetic diversity are: seed maintenance by farmers themselves, minimal risk of crop failure, resilience to unpredictable stresses, increased amount of diversified nutrition, production increment each year, ease to produce organically, etc. However, there are some issues and problems associated with mixtures and diverse varieties, for example, not being able to harvest by machine, mature at a different date, difficulty in maintaining seeds and registration, etc. Crop genetic diversity should be considered for a climate-resilient and self-dependent production system. The higher the genetic diversity in farming land, the more chance of getting the multiple benefits in the agriculture system (Vernooy 2022).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0603.v1

Promotion Effect of Ultrafine Bubbles/Nanobubbles on Seed Germination

Seiichi Oshita, Surina Boerzhijin, Hiromi Kameya, Masatoshi Yoshimura, Itaru Soteome

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: ultrafine bubbles (UFBs); nanobubbles; seed germination promotion; ROS; ESR

Online: 20 April 2023 (03:27:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0590.v1

Creation of Salinity and Drought Resistant Mutant Rice Forms by Ionizing Radiation (Gamma and Neutron Radiation)

Kurmanbek Bakiruly, Aidos Zhalbyrov, Anastasiya Kruglyak, Yulia Aleksiayenak, Gulsim Baimbetova, Zeinolla Yershin, Yury Gledenov, Aleksandr Doroshkevich, Nurbol Appazov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: rice; variety; selection; mutagenesis; gamma rays; fast neutrons; salinity; drought tolerance; LD50

Online: 19 April 2023 (10:53:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0570.v1

Influence of Different Packages and Storage Temperatures on the Yield and Quality of Edible Allium Species

Maria I. Ivanova, Elena Yanchenko, Anna Kashleva

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Edible Allium; productivity; biochemical composition; keeping quality

Online: 19 April 2023 (08:29:51 CEST)

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The genus Allium L. attracts the attention of researchers due to the presence of valuable medicinal, nutritional and decorative properties, adaptive capabilities, resistance to pests and diseases, ecological plasticity in its representatives, which contributes to the competitiveness of species and the manifestation of a high degree of adaptation outside natural areas and wide geographical distribution. Allium resources in Russia are a potential source of genes for expanding the genetic base of agricultural crops. The leaves of Allium crops have a short freshness period and quickly deteriorate due to spoilage and loss of water. Spoilage and loss of water affect their freshness and properties. The aim of the work was to establish the yield and change in the quality of green leaves of Allium species introduced into the Moscow region during short-term storage, depending on the type of packaging, storage period and temperature. 4-5-year-old plants of 4 species (A. altyncolicum, A. chyatophorum, A. nutans and A. turkestanicum) were grown on the collection plot of perennial onions of VNIIO, a branch of the FGBNU FNTSO. In the conditions of the Moscow region, the yield per leaf generation varied from 2.7 kg/m2 (A. altyncolicum) to 4.9 kg/m2 (A. cyathophorum). The maximum yield of marketable products was noted in hermetically sealed plastic bags when stored for 10 days at a temperature of +6 ... + 80С in a refrigerator with controlled conditions: A. turke-stanicum - 70.0%, A. cyathophorum - 75.5%, A. altyncolicum - 84.9%, A. nutans - 92.9%. However, an increase in the dry matter content (10.1-15.5%) was found during storage in an open polymer box in all tested species. The maximum content of vitamin C during storage in hermetically sealed bags with a density of 100 μm was found in A. altyncolicum (37.1 mg%) and A. nutans (42 mg%). In other species, the maximum value of this indicator was noted before storage. A slight increase in the amount of sugars after storage for 10 days was noted in species with a linear leaf shape when stored in a polymer box. Temperature control is the most effective approach to extend the shelf life of fresh green leaves by measuring its weight loss and vitamin C. Packaging cannot prevent spoilage of vegetables but can protect it against contamination, damage and excessive moisture loss.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0537.v1

Hybrid Vitis Cultivars With American or Asian Ancestries Show Higher Tolerance Towards Grapevine Trunk Diseases

András Csótó, Antal Nagy, Nóra Laurinyecz, Zóra Annamária Nagy, Csaba Németh, Erzsébet Krisztina Németh, Anna Csikász-Krizsics, Nándor Rakonczás, Florence Fontaine, Erzsébet Fekete, Michel Flipphi, Levente Karaffa, Erzsébet Sándor

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: interspecific cultivars; Vitis vinifera; Vitis amurensis; Vitis rupestris; Vitis labrusca; grape germplasm collection; GTDs

Online: 19 April 2023 (04:07:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0520.v1

Phylogenetic Triage and Risk Assessment: How to Predict Emerging Phytoplasma Diseases

Katrin Janik, Bernd Panassiti, Christine Kerschbamer, Johannes Burmeister, Valeria Trivellone

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: archives; bio-inventories; aster yellow; Bavaria; DAMA protocol; geographic distribution; metabarcoding; phytopathogens; risk evaluation; risk heat map

Online: 18 April 2023 (10:58:39 CEST)

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Phytoplasma diseases pose a substantial threat to diverse crops of agricultural importance. Management measures are usually implemented only after the disease has already occurred. Early detection of such phytopathogens, prior to disease outbreak, has rarely been attempted but would be highly beneficial for phytosanitary risk assessment, disease prevention and mitigation. In this study we present the implementation of a recently proposed proactive disease management protocol (DAMA: Document, Assess, Monitor, Act) for a group of vector-borne phytopathogens. We used insect samples collected during a recent biomonitoring program in southern Germany to screen for the presence of phytoplasmas. Insects were collected with Malaise traps in different agricultural settings. DNA was extracted from these mass trap samples and subjected to PCR-based phytoplasma detection and COI sequence metabarcoding. In about 1% of the analyzed samples, phytoplasma DNA was detected. Phytoplasma group identification was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the detected phytoplasmas could be assigned to the 16SrI subgroups B and L. Insect species in the sample were identified by DNA metabarcoding. By using established databases, checklists, and archives, we documented historical associations and records of phytoplasmas and its hosts in the study region. For the assessment in the DAMA protocol, phylogenetic triage was performed in order to determine the risk for tri-trophic interactions (plant-insect-phytoplasma) and associated disease outbreaks in the study region. A phylogenetic heat map constitutes the basis for risk assessment and was used here to identify a minimum number of seven leafhopper species suggested to be monitored by stakeholders in this region. A proactive stance in monitoring changing patterns of association between hosts and pathogens can be a cornerstone in capabilities to prevent future phytoplasma disease outbreaks. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the DAMA protocol has been applied in the field of phytopathology and vector-borne plant diseases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0468.v1

Suppressive Effects of Volatile Compounds from Bacillus spp. on Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT) Pathotype, Causal Agent of Wheat Blast

Musrat Zahan Surovy, Shahinoor Rahman, Michael Rostás, Tofazzal Islam, Andreas Von Tiedemann

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Bacillus; biocontrol; volatile organic compound; GC-MS; sporulation

Online: 18 April 2023 (03:28:47 CEST)

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Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT) pathotype is the causal agent of wheat blast, which has caused significant economic losses and threatens wheat production in South America, Asia and Africa. Three bacterial strains from rice and wheat seeds (B. subtilis BTS-3, B. velezensis BTS-4, and B. velezensis BTLK6A) were used to explore the antifungal effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Bacillus spp. as a potential biocontrol mechanism against MoT. All bacterial treatments significantly inhibited both mycelial growth and sporulation of MoT in vitro. We found that this inhibition was caused by Bacillus VOCs in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, biocontrol assays using detached wheat leaves infected with MoT showed reduced leaf lesions and sporulation compared to the untreated control. VOCs from B. velezensis BTS-4 alone or a consortium (mixture of B. subtilis BTS-3, B. velezensis BTS-4, and B. velezensis BTLK6A) treatments consistently suppressed MoT in vitro and in vivo. Compared to the untreated control, VOCs from BTS-4 and Bacillus consortium reduced MoT lesions in vivo by 85% and 81.25%, respectively. A total of thirty-nine VOCs (from 9 different VOC groups) from 4 Bacillus treatments were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), of which 11 were produced in all Bacillus treatments. Alcohols, fatty acids, ketones, aldehydes, and S-containing compounds were detected in all four bacterial treatments. In vitro assays using pure VOCs revealed that hexanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, and phenylethyl alcohol are potential VOCs emitted by Bacillus spp. that are suppressive for MoT. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for MoT sporulation were 250 mM for phenylethyl alcohol and 500 mM for 2-methylbutanoic acid and hexanoic acid. Therefore, our results indicate that VOCs from Bacillus spp. are effective compounds to suppress the growth and sporulation of MoT. Understanding the MoT sporulation reduction mechanisms by Bacillus VOCs may provide novel options to manage the further spread of wheat blast by spores.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0466.v1

The Lesson Learned from the Unique Evolutionary Story of Avirulence Gene AvrPii of Magnaporthe oryzae

Xing Wang, Weihuai Wu, Yaling Zhang, Cheng Li, Jinyan Wang, Jianqiang Wen, Shulin Zhang, Yongxiang Yao, Weisheng Lu, Zhenghong Zhao, Jiasui Zhan, Qinghua Pan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Magnaporthe oryzae; avirulence gene; divergence; haplotype; population structure

Online: 18 April 2023 (03:26:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0371.v1

Dark-Induced Effects on Pollen Development and HvGAMYB Expression in Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes with Contrasting Drought Tolerance

Piotr Ogrodowicz, Maria Wojciechowicz, Anetta Kuczyńska, Paweł Krajewski, Michał Kempa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Drought; Gibberellins; HvGAMYB; Light Deprivation; Pollen Development

Online: 17 April 2023 (02:30:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0370.v1

LBFNet: A Tomato Leaf Disease Identification Model based on Three-Channel Attention Mechanism and Quantitative Pruning

Hailin Chen, Yi Wang, Jialiang Peng, Ruofan Zhang, Pin Jiang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: artificial intelligence; three-channel attention mechanism; Tomato Leaf Disease; convolution neural network; deep learning

Online: 14 April 2023 (10:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0362.v1

Physiological Regulatory Mechanism of AOX1a in Regulating ATP Supply at Critical Node of Viability in Rice

Jing Ji, Shuang shuang Lin, Xia Xin, Yang Li, Juan juan He, Xin yue Xu, Yun xia Zhao, Ge fei Su, Xin xiong Lu, Guang kun Yin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: alternative oxidase; mitochondria; critical node; rice

Online: 14 April 2023 (09:56:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0332.v1

Chloride Nutrition Influences the Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Coffee.

Victor Hugo Ramirez-Builes, Jürgen Küsters, Luis Alfredo Leal Varon, Ellen Thiele, Jorge Arteta-Vizcaino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Coffee; chloride (Cl-); sulfur (S; nutrients; NUE.

Online: 14 April 2023 (02:41:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0300.v1

Performance of Napier Hybrids Cultivars CO5 (Pennisetum glaucum × P. Purpureum schumach) and Sampoorna (Pennisetum pedicillatum × P. americanum) Harvested at Five Intervals

Dilini Weerathunga, Deepani Udagama, Shane Campbell, David Barber, Piyatilak Weerasinghe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: dry matter yield; CO-5; harvesting interval; In-vitro gas fermentation; nutritional composition; pasture quality; Sampoorna

Online: 13 April 2023 (07:17:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0187.v1

GmUFO1 Regulates Floral Organ Number and Shape in Soybean

Huimin Yu, Yaohua Zhang, Junling Fang, Xinjing Yang, Zhirui Zhang, Fawei Wang, Tao Wu, Muhammad Hafeez Ullah Khan, Javaid Akhter Bhat, Yu Jiang, Yi Wang, Xianzhong Feng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: GmUFOs; knockout; floral organ number; floral organ shape; soybean

Online: 11 April 2023 (04:10:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0134.v1

Chemical Profiling of Diffusible and Volatile Secondary Metab-Olites Produced by Beauveria bassiana Using GC-MS Analysis: In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

Ippolito Camele, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Rocco Racioppi, Hazem S. Elshafie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: biocontrol; natural products; phytopathogens; microbial metabolites; entomopathogens; endophytic fungi

Online: 10 April 2023 (03:06:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0118.v1

Chemical Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Rhizospheric Actinomycetes Using LC-MS Analysis: In Silico Antifungal Evaluation and Growth-Promoting Effects

Hazem S. Elshafie, Laura De Martino, Carmen Formisano, Lucia Caputo, Vincenzo De Feo, Ippolito Camele

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: antimicrobial activity; natural products; microbial metabolites; plant diseases; biological control

Online: 7 April 2023 (07:53:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0115.v1

Functional Characterization of Candidate Genes, Gohir.D05G103700 and Gohir.D12G153600, Identified Through the Expression QTL Analysis using Virus Induced Gene Silencing in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Salman Naveed, Sachin Rustgi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Cotton; virus-induced gene silencing; plant architecture; expression QTL; candidate gene

Online: 7 April 2023 (05:30:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0088.v1

A Review of Permanent Grassland Grazing Management Practices and the Impacts on Principal Soil Quality Indicators

Filippo Milazzo, Richard M. Francksen, Mohamed Abdalla, Simone Ravetto Enri, Laura Zavattaro, Marco Pittarello, Stanislav Hejduk, Paul Newell-Price, René Schils, Pete Smith, Tom Vanwalleghem

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Soil quality indicators; Grazing management; Ecosystem services; Permanent grasslands; Management practices

Online: 6 April 2023 (10:17:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0480.v1

Technologies and Data Analytics to Manage Grain Quality On-Farm: A Review

Cassandra Kiely Walker, Sahand Assadzadeh, Ashley Wallace, Audrey J Delahunty, Alexander Clancy, Linda McDonald, Glenn J Fitzgerald, James G Nuttall, Joe Panozzo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: In-field; Spectroscopy; Image analysis; Machine Learning; Protein; Grain size.; Grain colour

Online: 28 March 2023 (09:39:53 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0372.v1

Choosing the Best Model for Crop Yield Prediction by the Means of Regression Analysis on the Example of “Crop Yield – Water Use” Simulations Through Best Subsets Approach

Pavlo Lykhovyd, Raisa Vozhehova, Olena Piliarska, Sergiy Zaiets

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: agricultural modeling; fitting quality; function; grain corn; prediction accuracy; soybeans; winter wheat

Online: 21 March 2023 (07:10:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0278.v1

Genetic Diversity Assessment of Winged Bean Accessions Using Agronomic and Seed Morphometric Traits

Ayomide Ajoke Bhadmus, Michael Terrence Abberton, Emmanuel Ohiosinmuan Idehen, Ukoabasi Ekanem, Rajneesh Paliwal, Olaniyi A. Oyatomi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Genetic diversity; Underutilized legume; Multispectral imaging system; Agro-morphological traits; Winged bean; Morphometric traits

Online: 15 March 2023 (10:04:35 CET)

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The winged bean is an underutilized legume that has the potential to contribute to nutrition and food security globally, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, very little research attention is paid to exploiting its full potential due to a lack of adequate knowledge of the existing genetic diversity in the available winged bean germplasm. To bridge this gap, seed morphometric and selected agro-morphological traits which are crucial for yield and seed quality determination in crop plants were used to assess the genetic diversity of thirty accessions of winged bean sourced from the Gene bank of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan. The thirty winged accessions were evaluated under field trials at three agro-ecological zones in Nigeria. The agro-morphological data as well as the seed morphometric dataset obtained from a Multi-Spectral Imaging (MSI) system were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Principal Component (PC) analysis, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the accessions for all measured traits. The first three PCs accounted for 93% of the variation observed among the accessions for all measured traits. Accessions were grouped into three clusters based on the agro- morphological traits and three clusters under the MSI system. Seed yield per plant had the highest estimates of significant positive correlation with hundred seed weight, pod weight per plant, etc. at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. TPt-31 had the highest seed yield per plant, pod weight per plant, and early maturity while TPt-7 had an extended flowering and maturity period, the highest number of pods per peduncle and pods per plant as well as the lowest seed yield. These accessions could serve as a good resource for future winged bean improvement programs. The result also confirmed that the MSI system is an invaluable tool for discriminating among accessions of the same crop species.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0251.v1

Analysis of Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Traits of Salt Stress Tolerance in Asian Rice Cultivars at Different Stages

Maha A. Alshiekheid, Yheni Dwiningsih, Jawaher Alkahtani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Asian rice; salt stress; morphology; physiology; biochemistry

Online: 14 March 2023 (06:51:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0209.v1

Uncovering Taste-Active Metabolites in Chili Sauce Fermentation Through Metabolomics and Web-based Computing Tools Analysis

Jiaqi Wang, Sen Mei, Chi Jin, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Qing Zhang, Tao Hu, Weili Li, Tao Wu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: chili sauce; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; feature-based molecular network; metabolomics; taste

Online: 13 March 2023 (03:09:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0178.v1

A Multivariate Approach to Determining and Predicting the Internal Postharvest Quality of Hass Avocado

Pablo Rodríguez, Iris Soto, Jairo Villamizar, Alexander Rebolledo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: ripening heterogeneity; Hass avocado; quality predictive markers; internal disorders; fruit composition

Online: 9 March 2023 (12:55:21 CET)

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Biology and Life Sciences