Halloysite and kaolinite are dioctahedral TO phyllosilicates that drive the interest of scientists for formulating environmental friendly materials, and consequently in the field of ceramics. The main scope of this study was the understanding of the texture evolution upon the dehydroxylation reaction and the influence of the presence of halloysite. In situ synchrotron (002) and (111) poles figures were recorded on the DiffAbs beamline at SOLEIL Synchrotron, from room temperature to 1000°C, on kaolinite and/or halloysite-rich samples shaped by tape casting. Commercial kaolins and halloysite provided by Imerys company were used. The samples were labeled KRG100, KCS100, H100, KRG50H50 and KRG59H50 in relation with the wt. % of kaolin (KRG, KCS) or halloysite (H) clays. In samples KCS100 and KRG100, a strong texture was observed until in situ annealing at 700°C, with respect to the c-axis of kaolinite. One the contrary, the texture with respect to the c-axis of halloysite for the sample H100 was weak whatever the temperature was. Moreover, this weak texture disappeared before the complete dehydroxylation of halloysite. This is due to the opening of some halloysite tubes. When considering the samples KRG50H50 and KCS50H50, a significant texture was observed with the c-axis preferentially oriented perpendicular to the sample surface . The presence of kaolinite platelets predominated onto the alignment of halloysites tubes. Furthermore, it was noted that the halloysite influenced the (002) diffracted intensity into the temperature range 20 °C and 400 °C. Above 400°C, the behavior obtained for the (002) reflection in samples KRG50H50 and KCS50H50 was similar to the behavior noticed for pure kaolins KRG100 and KCS100 respectively. The dehydroxylation temperature range appeared to be relevant with combined effect of kaolinite and halloysite transformations arising from KRG100 or KCS100 and H100 samples. Therefore, the onset point of dehydroxylation is 550 °C ± 25 °C for KRG100, KCS100 KRG50H50 and KCS50H50. For the pure halloysite H100 sample, the dehydroxylation starts at lower temperature 475°C. It was also noted that during the dehydroxylation of kaolinite, the characteristic portion of ring related to the diffracted intensity of the (111) reflection located at χ = 45 ° tended to disappear above 550 °C and led to the formation of a new transitory phase with a (111) reflection with perpendicular alignment to the c-axis. Indeed, an epitaxial relationship with the (111) kaolinite reflection could be assumed. Further X-ray scattering experiments allowed highlighting the effective offset temperature of the dehydroxylation, which was identified as close to 720 °C. The metakaolinite obtained undergone structural transformation to another transitory phase at 1000°C.

This paper presents experimental identification and vibration suppression of a flexible manipulator with non-collocated piezoelectric actuators and strain sensors using optimal multi-poles placement control. To precisely identify the system model, a reduced order transfer function with relocated zeros is proposed, and a first-order inertia element is added to the model to compensate the non-collocation. Comparisons show the identified model match closely with the experimental results both in the time and frequency domains, and a fit of 97.2% is achieved. Based on the identified model, a full-state multi-poles placement controller is designed, and the optimal locations of the closed loop poles are determined. The feasibility of the proposed controller is validated by simulations. Moreover, the controller is tested for different locations of the closed loop poles, and an excellent performance of the optimal locations of the closed loop poles is shown. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated by experiments. Results show that the vibrations of the expected modes are significantly diminished. Besides, vibrations of the higher modes are also slightly suppressed. Accordingly, multi-mode vibrations of the manipulator are well attenuated, and the tip displacement converges quickly with the proposed method.

Technology is in the way to reach in its climax but the basic understanding of science in many phenomena is still awaited even though the nature witnesses it. Scientific research reveals strong analogy between photon and electron. Atoms of neutral state when at ground level levitate electron of lateral surface at back surface while placing the bit energy at front surface. Gravitation behavior of that electron starts at centre of relaxation point by including the force of side pole where the pulling force of nearby unfilled state of that atom from the front surface results into depict forcing energy shape-like Gaussian distribution symbol with both ends turned called unit photon. The inertia is being involved at each stage of changing position of that electron by introducing the disappearances of forces of two poles resisting against appearances of forces of two opposite poles when rest to motion and motion to rest in the levitating period. The same is the case in the gravitating period of that electron when rest to motion and motion to rest but under different introducing the disappearances of forces of two poles resisting against appearances of forces of two opposite poles. However, in the stage of levitating or gravitating electron only one force is being involved at one time where opposite force is disappeared. The uninterrupted confined inter-state electron-dynamics of neutral state atom while dealing several bits of bit energy having two different shapes result into generate forcing energy shape like a wave. Two bits of bit energy where shape of bit is like opposite integral symbol are being placed along the trajectory of inter-state electron-dynamics during forward-direction cycle and two bits of bit energy where shape of bit like integral symbol are being placed along the trajectory of inter-state electron-dynamics during back-direction cycle. Generating forcing energy of unit photon in each cycle is pushing to rear side by remaining connected till electron is not restoring the state of rest. Silicon atom is considered as a model system of it. Uninterrupted confined inter-state electron-dynamics result into generate forcing energy that can travel immeasurable length and unavailability of necessitating bit energy at any interrupted stage resulting into generate an overt photon. Inter-state electron-dynamics for at least two cycles generate an overt photon –a photon length twice to unit photon. Under certain interaction of unit photon, it divides into two bits of bit energy instead tits and bits of heat. The mechanism of generating photon characteristic current in silicon atom validates that atoms of various elements are two-dimensional elliptical (circular) discs under the neutral state of their electrons. An isolated electron is being grounded under directed forcing energy to impinge a neutral state atom where it gained instantaneous velocity under sinked (merged) energy resulting into transfer it to elongate atom along east west poles. Matter changes the role of energy and force under various sorts of interactions. Here, heat energy and photon energy explore matter at atomic and electron levels, thus, devise science to describe.

The first paper of this two-part series paper discussed the development of a novel lightweight 3D wood dowel-reinforced glass epoxy hybrid composite material (3DdrFRP) and its manufacturing procedures. It also experimentally compared the performance of scaled utility poles made from conventional 2D E-glass epoxy and 3DdrFRP materials. In the second part, we developed robust finite element (FE) models in LS-DYNA, calibrated them based on experimental results, and used them to simulate the performance of equivalent 2D and 3D poles, proving the integrity of the numerical model. Additionally, we developed a simplified analytical calculation method for engi-neers to determine the stiffness of 3D-DrFRP poles accurately and quickly.

Recently, we have applied the generalized Littlewood theorem concerning contour integrals of the logarithm of analytical function to find the sums over inverse powers of zeroes for the incomplete Gamma- and Riemann zeta- functions, polygamma functions, and elliptical functions. Here, the same theorem is applied to study such sums for the zeroes of the Hurwitz zeta-function , including the sum over the inverse first power of its appropriately defined non-trivial zeroes. We also study some related properties of the Hurwitz zeta-function zeroes. In particular, we show that for any natural N and small real epsilon, when z tends to n=0, -1, -2… we can find at least N zeroes of zeta in the - vicinity of 0 for sufficiently small epsilon, as well as one simple zero tending to 1, etc.