From Design Intent to Built Reality: Architect Exclusion and the Aesthetics of Interruption in Post-2017 Mosul Residential Architecture

The reconstruction of Mosul after 2017 has produced a residential landscape in which design intent systematically fails to survive construction. While existing scholarship examines the materiality and symbolism of post-conflict façades, it neglects the process conditions under which aesthetic specifications are overridden. This study examines the relationship between form and materiality in contemporary Mosul residential architecture through a mixed-methods design: formal visual analysis of twelve recently completed façades and a structured survey of forty-five practising architects. Visual analysis reveals a sophisticated design language of controlled complexity (orthogonal massing articulated through contrasting materials) that is rarely realised in built form. Survey data show that architects are excluded from construction supervision in seventy-six per cent of projects, with client intervention affecting seventy per cent. Architectural oversight emerges as the primary determinant of aesthetic integrity: projects most consistently achieve material–form coherence where architects retain supervisory authority, whereas exclusion produces four distinct pathologies: material substitution, execution degradation, language override, and ornamental hollowing. The study advances the concept of an aesthetics of interruption, understood as the systematic degradation of designed form–material relationships through the fragmentation of professional authority. It demonstrates that aesthetic degradation in post-conflict reconstruction stems not from design incapacity but from broken process structures. Preserving architectural quality requires contractual frameworks mandating designer supervision and material-substitution protocols that protect design intent.