Bridging the Gap Between Architectural Studio and Energy Engineering: Experiential Learning Case Study on Envelope Optimization Using Sefaira

In the hyper-arid climate of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, the building envelope represents the most critical determinant of energy demand and occupant comfort. This study evaluates the environmental and energy performance of a 6,581m2 mixed-use development through an experiential learning framework, where students utilized Sefaira (Ener-gyPlus/Radiance engines) to bridge the gap between theoretical architectural design and national code compliance. This pedagogical approach allowed for the practical application of Building Energy Modelling (BEM) principles to a real-world capstone project. A baseline analysis conducted in accordance with the Saudi Building Code (SBC 601) re-vealed a high Energy Use Intensity (EUI) of 139 kWh/m2. yr, driven primarily by solar heat gains and an "overlit" floor plate as noted above exceeded Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE) thresholds. To mitigate these deficiencies, students implemented a series of passive interventions, including the optimization of glazing U-values (0.5~W/m²·K), reduction of Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC to 0.20), and the integration of external shading fins. Post-intervention results demonstrated a significant EUI reduction to 130 kWh/m²·yr" to "a 6.95% reduction in EUI from 139 to 130 kWh/m²·yr, equating to 63,659 kWh in annual energy savings. Furthermore, daylighting analysis confirmed a more uniform distri-bution and the successful mitigation of disability glare. The findings validate that ex-periential learning in performance-driven envelope optimization is essential for de-veloping the technical proficiency required to achieve full SBC compliance and opera-tional efficiency in hot-arid regions.