Effect of Increased Water-Based Adhesive Content with Portland Cement on the Curing Performance of Structural Biofiber Cement Board Composites from Recycled Cement Packaging Bags via Uniaxial Pressing

This research explores the development of high-strength biofiber cement boards with good thermal insulation, using recycled biofiber derived from cement packaging combined with a water-based adhesive and Portland cement through a cementation-curing process. This approach reduces cement packaging and other biofiber waste, promoting environmental sustainability without requiring chemical additives or incineration of waste biofibers. Recycled biofiber from cement bags, composed primarily of cellulose (60 wt%), lignin (15 wt%), and hemicellulose (10 wt%), serves as a reinforcing phase, while the cement and adhesive mixture provide a strong binding matrix. The physical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties of the biofiber cement boards were evaluated in accordance with relevant industrial standards, including TISI 878:2023, BS 874, ASTM D570, ASTM C518, ISO 8301, and JIS A1412. The findings show that a higher ratio of water-based adhesive to cement mortar (1:2), combined with a higher content of biofiber sheets, significantly enhances performance, particularly in Formulas 7, 8, and 9. The resulting boards demonstrate strong bonding ability, improved fire resistance, better moisture and weather resistance, and longer service life compared to lower ratios. These outcomes highlight the potential of recycled biofiber composites as sustainable alternatives for thermal insulation and structural applications, such as ceilings and walls in building construction.