From Paired Massless Dirac Preons to Photon, Massive Dark Photon and Weak Bosons; An Alternative Electroweak Unification to Yang-Mills Theory and Higgs Mechanism

We propose a composite model of electroweak unification in which the , , photon, and Higgs boson emerge as bound states of massless Dirac preons. The framework is founded on a relativistic wave equation in the center-of-mass frame, with an effective spin–spin exchange interaction derived from an internal symmetry. This dynamics generates a composite mass matrix for vector and scalar preon–antipreon states. Diagonalization of this matrix, with weak interaction effects treated as perturbative corrections, yields precise predictions for electroweak observables. The model predicts the Weinberg angle as , matching the experimental value to within 0.16%. The W/Z mass ratio is predicted as , versus the measured , a 0.03% deviation. The Higgs boson arises as a scalar preon–antipreon bound state, with a predicted mass of , agreeing within 0.04% of the observed . Unlike the Standard Model, this approach requires no fundamental scalar field or spontaneous symmetry breaking. It provides a unified, minimal, and testable compositional origin for all electroweak bosons and offers a new pathway toward deeper unification of forces.