Microwave Heat Treatments in Advanced MaterialsPreparation at CNR-SCITEC Genova LABs: A Comprehensive Review

The main theme of present comprehensive review paper is the microwave-assisted heat-ing (MWH) developed in CNR SCITEC laboratories in Genoa. By modifying a domestic microwave, this technique has been used to prepare various innovative materials through synthesis, sintering, or heating (foaming or melting). These materials include inorganic compounds like superconductive magnesium diboride (MgB2), as well as organic and or-ganic-inorganic composite. The review highlights the significant improvements in en-ergy efficiency, time saving, material properties, and environmental sustainability achieved through these processes. Specific applications discussed include the rotational molding of polyethylene powders, sintering of hydroxyapatite-based scaffolds, and the preparation of cork composites for sound-absorbing panels, expanded polystyrene com-posites for building elements, and polyvinylidene fluoride piezoelectric compo-sites. Future potential applications and market demand for these technologies are also explored.