Version 1
: Received: 1 March 2024 / Approved: 4 March 2024 / Online: 4 March 2024 (05:58:41 CET)
How to cite:
Rebhan, E. Emergence of Time from Primordial Space and Expansion of Space with Time. Preprints2024, 2024030117. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0117.v1
Rebhan, E. Emergence of Time from Primordial Space and Expansion of Space with Time. Preprints 2024, 2024030117. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0117.v1
Rebhan, E. Emergence of Time from Primordial Space and Expansion of Space with Time. Preprints2024, 2024030117. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0117.v1
APA Style
Rebhan, E. (2024). Emergence of Time from Primordial Space and Expansion of Space with Time. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0117.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Rebhan, E. 2024 "Emergence of Time from Primordial Space and Expansion of Space with Time" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0117.v1
Abstract
A model of space-time is presented, whose origin is set before the appearance of any universe. It uses concepts of previous work, a central one being that the information about the laws of nature is stored locally everywhere in space such that all physical processes obey them. Since information storage is bound to matter or energy, space is assumed to consist of dark energy (DE), which thus assumes an importance far beyond its function as a stopgap for an energy deficit in our universe (U). The primordial state (PS) is a timeless and relatively large space of 3 dimensions described by a Wheeler DeWitt (WDW) equation, whose solution is interpreted as an arrangement of very many space quanta and possesses all the characteristics of the time-honored concept of the unmoved mover. The comparison of WDW solutions belonging to different mass densities of the DE favors one in which the space quanta are mini black holes, and allows the space quanta to be imagined as mass points that are kept at a distance compatible with the quantum volume by the Pauli principle or something equivalent. Triggered by an increase in probability, the PS is followed by a time-dependent state of space expansion (ES). The concomitant emergence of time occurs in a lightning huge crash, consuming almost all DE of the PS. The subsequent expansion proceeds in quantum leaps, whose huge size emerges from a WDW equation novelly derived from the time-dependent classical expansion solution, and is also used as size of the PS. Information is assumed to be geometrically stored in arrangements of space quanta similar to how genetic information is stored in DNA molecules. During space expansion information must be transferred from already existing "information quanta" to new ones. This requires time, slows down the expansion and is taken into account by a friction term in the cosmological momentum equation. Sinc e the Friedmann-Lemaître (FL) equation remains fully valid, the model can exclusively be based on recognized equations, so that the assumptions used to build it can be understood as interpretations.
Keywords
space-time; generic space expansion; emergence of time; dark energy; quantum gravity; Wheeler-de Witt-equation; volume quantisation; friction by information transfer; information quantum
Subject
Physical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
