Petakh, P.; Oksenych, V.; Kamyshnyi, O. Exploring Leptospira interrogans FDAARGOS_203: Insights into AMR and Anti-Phage Defense. Microorganisms2024, 12, 546.
Petakh, P.; Oksenych, V.; Kamyshnyi, O. Exploring Leptospira interrogans FDAARGOS_203: Insights into AMR and Anti-Phage Defense. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 546.
Petakh, P.; Oksenych, V.; Kamyshnyi, O. Exploring Leptospira interrogans FDAARGOS_203: Insights into AMR and Anti-Phage Defense. Microorganisms2024, 12, 546.
Petakh, P.; Oksenych, V.; Kamyshnyi, O. Exploring Leptospira interrogans FDAARGOS_203: Insights into AMR and Anti-Phage Defense. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 546.
Abstract
Leptospira, which are known to be important disease-causing agents transmitted between animals and humans, results in significant illness and, in some cases, significant death in human populations. This study aims to examine the genomic structure of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni strain FDAARGOS_203 to identify the specific genetic factors that contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and defense against phages. The genome, consisting of two contigs totaling 4,630,574 base pairs, underwent thorough examination for protein-coding sequences, transfer RNA genes, and ribosomal RNA genes. A total of twenty-two antibiotic resistance genes that specifically target essential cellular processes such as cell wall synthesis, DNA replication, and protein synthesis have been identified. Significant among these were gidB, GdpD, and PgsA, each involved in separate aspects of antibiotic resistance. In addition, the investigation explored the defense mechanisms of bacteriophages, revealing the presence of defense islands that contain a range of anti-phage systems, including RM_Type_IV, PrrC, Borvo, CAS_Class1-Subtype-IC, and CAS_Class1-Subtype-IB. This comprehensive genomic analysis enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that determine Leptospira's ability to adapt to various environments. The identified genetic factors linked to AMR and defense against phages not only enhance our scientific comprehension but also provide a basis for focused interventions to reduce the impact of leptospirosis.
Keywords
leptophages; Cas system; bacteriophages; Leptospira interorgans; antibiotic
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
