The Congestion “Pandemic” in Acute Heart Failure Patients

Daniela Mocan; Radu Ioan Lala; Maria Puschita; Luminita Pilat; Dan Alexandru Darabantiu; Sabau Ronela; Iulia Silvia Groza; Damaris Sulea Bratu; Diana Balta; Adina Pop-Moldovan

doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1997.v1

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preprints.org > medicine and pharmacology > cardiac and cardiovascular systems > doi: 10.20944/preprints202401.1997.v1

Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Congestion “Pandemic” in Acute Heart Failure Patients

^* ,

Dan Alexandru Darabantiu

Version 1 : Received: 28 January 2024 / Approved: 29 January 2024 / Online: 29 January 2024 (08:50:44 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 4 March 2024 / Approved: 5 March 2024 / Online: 5 March 2024 (05:55:19 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Mocan, D.; Lala, R.I.; Puschita, M.; Pilat, L.; Darabantiu, D.A.; Pop-Moldovan, A. The Congestion “Pandemic” in Acute Heart Failure Patients. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 951. Mocan, D.; Lala, R.I.; Puschita, M.; Pilat, L.; Darabantiu, D.A.; Pop-Moldovan, A. The Congestion “Pandemic” in Acute Heart Failure Patients. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 951.

Abstract

Congestion is not only considered a cardinal sign of heart failure but also the main mechanism responsible for heart failure decompensation episodes. It is now accepted that congestion determines the phenotype of heart failure presentation in the acute setting either by volume overload, volume maldistribution or both. Recognizing the mechanism responsible for congestion is paramount, as it implies that different therapeutic strategies are required to achieve decongestion. Although achieving complete decongestion is considered the target, in most cases of acute heart failure episodes, this is hampered by various factors that lead up to residual congestion which is considered one of the strongest predictors of future cardiovascular events and poor outcomes. In this review, by immerging into the pathophysiology mechanisms of congestion, unraveling its phenotypes and discussing new diagnostic tools for targeting therapy, we are trying to acknowledge the importance of “the congestion phenomenon” and its scale among heart failure patients which is of pandemic proportions.

Keywords

heart failure; congestion; volume overload; volume redistribution; biomarkers

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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