Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

First Results on the Presence of Mycotoxins in the Liver of Pregnant Fallow Deer (Dama dama) Hinds and Foetuses

István Lakatos
,
Bianka Babarczi
,
Zsófia Molnár
ORCID logo ,
Arnold Tóth
,
Gabriella Skoda
,
Győző F. Horváth
,
Adrienn Horváth
,
Dániel Tóth
ORCID logo ,
Farkas Sükösd
,
László Szemethy
* ,
Zsuzsanna Szőke
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 25 January 2024 / Approved: 25 January 2024 / Online: 26 January 2024 (10:57:48 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Lakatos, I.; Babarczi, B.; Molnár, Z.; Tóth, A.; Skoda, G.; Horváth, G.F.; Horváth, A.; Tóth, D.; Sükösd, F.; Szemethy, L.; Szőke, Z. First Results on the Presence of Mycotoxins in the Liver of Pregnant Fallow Deer (Dama dama) Hinds and Fetuses. Animals 2024, 14, 1039. Lakatos, I.; Babarczi, B.; Molnár, Z.; Tóth, A.; Skoda, G.; Horváth, G.F.; Horváth, A.; Tóth, D.; Sükösd, F.; Szemethy, L.; Szőke, Z. First Results on the Presence of Mycotoxins in the Liver of Pregnant Fallow Deer (Dama dama) Hinds and Fetuses. Animals 2024, 14, 1039.

Abstract

Reproductive abnormalities have been observed in fallow deer populations in Hungary. We supposed mycotoxin contamination to be one of the possible causes because multi-mycotoxin contamination is known to be dangerous even at low toxin levels, especially for young animals. We investigated the spatial pattern of mycotoxin occurrences and the relation of maternal and foetal mycotoxin levels. 72 fallow deer embryos and their mothers were sampled in seven forested regions in Hungary in the 2020/2021 hunting season. We analyzed Aflatoxin (AF), Zearalenone (ZEA), Fumonizin B1 (FB1), DON, T2-toxin concentrations in maternal and foetal liver by ELISA. AF was present in 70% and 82%, ZEA in 41% and 96%, DON in 90% and 98%, T2 in 96% and 85%, FB1 in 84% and 3% of hind and foetus livers, respectively. All mycotoxins passed into the foetus, but Fumonizin B1 only rarely. The individual variability of mycotoxin levels was extremely high, but the spatial differences were moderate. We could not prove a relation between the maternal and foetal mycotoxin concentrations, but we found accumulation of ZEA and DON in the foetuses. These results reflect the possible threats of mycotoxins to the population dynamics and reproduction of wild fallow deer.

Keywords

Zearalenone; Aflatoxin; DON; T2-toxin; FumonisinB1; fallow deer; hind; foetus

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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