Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Use of Extracellular Vesicles in the Therapy of Neonatal Diseases: Current State and Problems of Translation to the Clinic

Kirill Goryunov
,
Mikhail Ivanov
ORCID logo ,
Andrey Kulikov
,
Yulia Shevtsova
,
Artem Burov
,
Yulia Podurovskaya
,
Victor Zubkov
,
Dmitry Degtyarev
,
Gennady T. Sukhikh
,
Denis Silachev
*
Version 1 : Received: 15 January 2024 / Approved: 16 January 2024 / Online: 16 January 2024 (04:21:03 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Goryunov, K.; Ivanov, M.; Kulikov, A.; Shevtsova, Y.; Burov, A.; Podurovskaya, Y.; Zubkov, V.; Degtyarev, D.; Sukhikh, G.; Silachev, D. A Review of the Use of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Neonatal Diseases: Current State and Problems with Translation to the Clinic. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 2879. Goryunov, K.; Ivanov, M.; Kulikov, A.; Shevtsova, Y.; Burov, A.; Podurovskaya, Y.; Zubkov, V.; Degtyarev, D.; Sukhikh, G.; Silachev, D. A Review of the Use of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Neonatal Diseases: Current State and Problems with Translation to the Clinic. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 2879.

Abstract

Neonatal disorders, particularly those resulting from prematurity, pose a major challenge to health care and have a significant impact on infant mortality and long-term child health. The limitations of current therapeutic strategies emphasize the need for innovative treatments. New cell-free technologies utilizing extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer a compelling opportunity for neonatal therapy by harnessing the inherent regenerative capabilities of EVs. These nanoscale particles, secreted by a variety of organisms including animals, bacteria, fungi and plants, contain a repertoire of bioactive molecules with therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the therapeutic effects and mechanistic insights of EVs from stem cells, biological fluids and non-animal sources, with a focus on common neonatal conditions such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis. This review summarizes the evidence for the therapeutic potential of EVs, analyzes the evidence on their mechanisms of action, and discusses the challenges associated with the implementation of EV-based therapies in neonatal clinical practice.

Keywords

extracellular vesicles; mesenchymal stromal cells; neonatal pathologies; premature newborns; cell therapy

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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