Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Toxicity of AMPA to the Freshwater Planarian (Girardia tigrina)

Sharon T. Pochron
* ORCID logo ,
Samy Sasoun
ORCID logo ,
Siddhartha Maharjan
,
Wali U. Pirzada
,
Samantha Hallie Byrne
,
Mary Girgis
,
Morgan A. Jacobellis
ORCID logo ,
Johanna Mitra
,
Alec S Miranda
,
Grace Van Gelder
,
Sayeed Khan
Version 1 : Received: 20 November 2023 / Approved: 21 November 2023 / Online: 21 November 2023 (10:03:42 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Pochron, S.T.; Sasoun, S.; Maharjan, S.; Pirzada, W.U.; Byrne, S.; Girgis, M.; Jacobellis, M.A.; Mitra, J.A.; Miranda, A.S.; Gelder, G.V.; Khan, S. Toxicity of a Common Glyphosate Metabolite to the Freshwater Planarian (Girardia tigrina). Sustainability 2024, 16, 842. Pochron, S.T.; Sasoun, S.; Maharjan, S.; Pirzada, W.U.; Byrne, S.; Girgis, M.; Jacobellis, M.A.; Mitra, J.A.; Miranda, A.S.; Gelder, G.V.; Khan, S. Toxicity of a Common Glyphosate Metabolite to the Freshwater Planarian (Girardia tigrina). Sustainability 2024, 16, 842.

Abstract

The widespread use of the herbicide glyphosate has resulted in the global presence of its degra-dation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in the global environment. AMPA is commonly found in water bodies, including freshwater systems. We investigated the effects of chronic and acute AMPA exposure on the survivorship, regenerative abilities, and locomotion of the brown planarian (Girardia tigrina), a water-dwelling flatworm commonly found in freshwa-ter ecosystems. We exposed planarians to two concentrations of AMPA, consistent with the high and low ranges of concentrations observed in US water systems. We measured endpoints includ-ing survivorship, regenerative abilities of head and tail segments, eyespot regeneration, and swimming speed. Compared to the control group, we found that planarians chronically exposed to AMPA exhibited (1) modestly reduced survivorship while regenerating and (2) slower regen-eration from the tail segment. No significant differences were observed in intact body growth during chronic exposure. Our findings highlight the potential ecological impacts of AMPA con-tamination on planarian populations. Understanding the effects of AMPA exposure on planarians contributes to our understanding of the ecological consequences of glyphosate use in freshwater ecosystems.

Keywords

water contamination; fertilizer; degradation product; flatworm; regeneration; phototaxis

Subject

Environmental and Earth Sciences, Pollution

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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