Version 1
: Received: 13 November 2023 / Approved: 14 November 2023 / Online: 14 November 2023 (16:54:19 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 15 February 2024 / Approved: 15 February 2024 / Online: 16 February 2024 (01:56:33 CET)
Jarin, J.-B.; Beddok, S.; Haritchabalet, C. Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility. Energies2024, 17, 1151.
Jarin, J.-B.; Beddok, S.; Haritchabalet, C. Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility. Energies 2024, 17, 1151.
Jarin, J.-B.; Beddok, S.; Haritchabalet, C. Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility. Energies2024, 17, 1151.
Jarin, J.-B.; Beddok, S.; Haritchabalet, C. Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility. Energies 2024, 17, 1151.
Abstract
Despite significant technical progress, the aviation industry carbon footprint keeps growing. Recent articles demonstrate that the decarbonization of air mobility will almost exclusively rely on the decarbonization of its energy. While biofuels will play an important role in the near and long-term, low carbon electricity is now considered, either with direct electrification, or using energy vectors such as hydrogen or efuels. In this study we compare each energy vector using the well to rotor methodology applied to a standard air mobility mission to capture the different conversions losses and the integration effects on the carrier. The energy required is first expressed in the unit of the energy vector before being translated into kWh at the well, the electricity grid in our central scenario. The results are than translated in CO2 emissions and direct energy cost. Based on the assumptions in this study, the electricity carbon intensity and price can significantly impact the results. While liquid H2 has the highest cost and CO2 emissions in most scenarios, the results indicate that when electricity carbon intensity is below 35 gCO2/kWh, efuel can have lower CO2 emissions than battery electrification.
Keywords
air mobility; efuel; hydrogen; battery electric; CO2
Subject
Engineering, Aerospace Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
